Analytic Geometry 2

Review Innovations CE Review November 2022 – Analytic Geometry 2
CONIC SECTIONS PARABOLA

General Definition of Conic Sections -locus of a point that moves such that its distance from a fixed
point called the focus is always equal to its distance from a fixed
-locus (or path) of a point that moves such that the ratio of its
line called the directrix
distance from a fixed point (focus) and a fixed line (directrix) is
constant. This constant ratio is called the eccentricity of the conic.
Standard Equations
(𝑥 − ℎ)2 = 4𝑎(𝑦 − 𝑘) → 𝑢𝑝𝑤𝑎𝑟𝑑
(𝑥 − ℎ)2 = −4𝑎(𝑦 − 𝑘) → 𝑑𝑜𝑤𝑛𝑤𝑎𝑟𝑑
(𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = 4𝑎(𝑥 − ℎ) → 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
(𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = −4𝑎(𝑥 − ℎ) → 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑓𝑡
Note: (ℎ, 𝑘) is the vertex of the parabola.
Eccentricity of a conic
𝑓1 𝑓2 𝑓3 ELLIPSE
𝑒= = =
𝑑1 𝑑2 𝑑3 -locus of a point that moves such that the sum of its distances
from two fixed points called the foci is constant
If 𝑒 = 0, it’s a circle.
If 𝑒 = 1, it’s a parabola.
If 𝑒 < 1, it’s an ellipse.
If 𝑒 > 1, it’s a hyperbola.
CIRCLE
-locus of a point that moves such that it is always equidistant
from a fixed point called the center. The constant distance is
called the radius of the circle.
Standard Equations
(𝑥 − ℎ)2 (𝑦 − 𝑘)2
+ =1 → ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙
𝑎2 𝑏2
(𝑥 − ℎ)2 (𝑦 − 𝑘)2
+ =1 → 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑏2 𝑎2
Standard Equation
(𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = 𝑟 2 Note: (ℎ, 𝑘) is the center of the ellipse.
Review Innovations CE Review November 2022 – Analytic Geometry 2
Properties of Ellipse 114. its area

1. 𝑎2 = 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 a. 12π sq. units c. 18π sq. units
𝑐
2. 𝑒= <1 b. 15π sq. units d. 9π sq. units
𝑎
𝑐
3. 𝑒′ =
𝑏
15. Find the standard equation of the ellipse that has its center
4. Area = π𝑎𝑏 at (1, 1), a vertex at (3, 1), and that passes through the origin.
𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 Also, determine the equation of the directrices.
5. P = 2π√
2
𝑎
6. 𝑑= 16. The distance (center to center) of the moon from the earth
𝑒
2𝑏 2
varies from a minimum of 221,463 miles to a maximum of
7. 𝐿𝑅 = 252,710 miles. Find the eccentricity of the moon’s orbit.
𝑎
SAMPLE PROBLEMS Problem for Practice:

Situation 1. For problems 1-5, refer here. Given a parabola whose 1. Locate the vertex, focus and the coordinates of the length of
equation is 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 4𝑦 + 9 = 0, find the following: the latus rectum of the parabola:
y2 + 4x - 4y + 16 = 0
1. vertex
a. (-1,2) c. (-2,1) 2. Find the equation of the parabola whose vertex is the origin
b. (1,-2) d. (2,-1) and whose directrix is the line x = 4.
2. focus
a. (-2,2) c. (0,2) 3. An arch in the shape of an arc of a parabola measures 6m
b. (-1,1) d. (-1,3) across the base and its vertex is 2.50m above the base. Find the
3. equation of directrix length of the beam parallel to the base and 2m above it.
a. 𝑥 = 1 c. 𝑦 = 1
4. Find the equation of the ellipse whose vertices are the points
b. 𝑦 = 3 d. 𝑥 = 3 (4, 6) and (4, -2) and whose eccentricity is 3/4.
4. length of latus rectum
a. 1 unit c. 4 units 5. A cross-section of a trough is a semi-ellipse with width at the
b. 8 units d. 2 units top 18cm and depth 12cm. The trough is filled with water to a
5. equation of the axis of symmetry depth of 8cm. Find the width at the surface of the water.
a. 𝑥 = 1 c. 𝑦 = 3
6. An earth satellite has an apogee of 2450 miles and a perigee of
b. 𝑥 =-1 d. 𝑦 = 2 410 miles. Assuming that the earth’s radius is 400 miles, what is
the value of the eccentricity of ellipse, which form with the
6. Find the equation of the locus of a point which moves so that its center of the earth at one focus and whose apogee ang perigee
distance from the line x + 4 = 0 is 5 more than its distance from the satisfy the condition above.
point (3, 1).
Situation 1: A parabola has its axis parallel to the y-axis, one end
7. A comet from deep space approaches the sun along a parabolic of its latus rectum is at (9, 6) and the vertex is at (5, 4). Determine
orbit. When the comet is 100 million miles from the sun, the line the following:
joining the sun and the comet makes an angle of 60 0 with the axis 7. length of latus rectum
of the parabola. How close to the sun will the comet get? 8. equation of the parabola
9. equation of the directrix of the parabola.
Situation 2. For problems 10-16, refer here. Given the equation of Situation 2:
a curve 9𝑥 2 + 25𝑦 2 + 54𝑥 − 100𝑦 − 44 = 0. Find: A point moves so that its distance from the line
8. its center x – 16 = 0 is always twice its distance from the point (4, 0).
a. (-2,3) c. (2,-3) Determine the following:
b. (-3,2) d. (3,-2) 10. equation of the locus of the point
9. its vertices 11. distance between the vertices of the curve
12. distance of the directrix from the center of the curve.
a. (-6,2) & (0,2) c. (-8,2) & (2,2)
b. (-3,7) & (-3,-3) d. (-3,5) & (-3,-1)
10. its foci Answers:
a. (-6,2) & (0,2) c. (-8,2) & (2,2)
1. V(-3, 2); F(-4, 2); Ends of Latus Rectum (-4, 4) & (-4, 0)
b. (-7,2) & (1,2) d. (-3,6) & (-3,-2) 2. y2 = -16x
11. the equation of the directrices 3. 2.68 m
25 13 37 13 (𝑥−4)2 (𝑦−2)2
a. 𝑥= &𝑥 = c. 𝑥 = − &𝑥 = 4. + =1
4 4 4 4 7 16
37 25 37 13
b. 𝑥=− &𝑥 = − d. 𝑥 = &𝑥 = − 5. 12√2 𝑐𝑚
4 4 4 4
12. the length of latus rectum 6. 0.557
7. 8 units
a. 6.4 units c. 5.7 units
8. x2 – 10x - 8y + 57 = 0
b. 4.5 units d. 3.6 units 9. y – 2 = 0
13. its perimeter 10. 3x2 + 4y2 – 192 = 0
a. 25.9 units c. 26.4 units 11. 16 units
b. 25.4 units d. 26.9 units 12. 16 units

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Review Innovations CE Review November 2022 – Analytic Geometry 2

CONIC SECTIONS PARABOLA

(𝑥 − ℎ)2 = 4𝑎(𝑦 − 𝑘) → 𝑢𝑝𝑤𝑎𝑟𝑑

(𝑥 − ℎ)2 = −4𝑎(𝑦 − 𝑘) → 𝑑𝑜𝑤𝑛𝑤𝑎𝑟𝑑

(𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = 4𝑎(𝑥 − ℎ) → 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡

(𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = −4𝑎(𝑥 − ℎ) → 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑓𝑡

Note: (ℎ, 𝑘) is the vertex of the parabola.

Properties of Ellipse 114. its area

SAMPLE PROBLEMS Problem for Practice:

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