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Priya et al. European Journal

Europeanof Biomedical
Journal ISSN 2349-8870
of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Volume: 8
AND Pharmaceutical sciences Issue: 10
XX-XX
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ANCIENT SURGICAL TECHNIQUES AND PROCEDURES RELATED TO ENT

(SHALAKYA TANTRA) MENTIONED IN SUSHRUTA SAMHITA
Dr. Manu Priya1* and Dr. Vijayant Bhardwaj2

1
PG Scholar, Deptt. of Shalakya Tantra, RGGPG Ayurvedic College and Hospital Paprola, Kangra, H.P.
2
Reader, PG Deptt. of Shalakya Tantra, RGGPG Ayurvedic College and Hospital Paprola, Distt. Kangra, H.P.
*Corresponding Author: Dr. Manu Priya

PG Scholar, Deptt. of Shalakya Tantra, RGGPG Ayurvedic College and Hospital Paprola, Kangra, H.P.
Email ID: manupriya183.mp@gmail.com
Article Received on 31/07/2021 Article Revised on 21/08/2021 Article Accepted on 10/09/2021
ABSTRACT
In this article, we have discussed surgical procedures and techniques used in ENT mentioned by Acharya Sushruta
in his renowned work, Sushruta Samhita. Acharya Sushruta, the pioneer of Sushruta Samhita, is known as ‘Father
of Surgery’ and ‘Father of Plastic Surgery’. In Sushruta Samhita (~600 BC), detailed explanations of surgical
instruments (yantras), different types of incisions, different suturing and bandaging techniques (bandha), fracture
reductions, techniques of foreign body extraction etc. are found. He has also mentioned reconstruction (Sandhana)
surgeries, which were in use among Vaidyas even during the colonial rule.
KEYWORDS: Surgical procedures, Yantras, Bandha, Sandhana.
INTRODUCTION AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

Ayurveda, a science of life is the oldest treasure of To explore the different surgical techniques and
medical science where many diseases have been procedures related to ENT, mentioned in Sushruta
described in detail with prognosis, internal medications
Samhita and to compile them.
and surgical interventions which is gradually adopted
and explored by western medicine with the aid of
advanced technology. Different Surgical techniques and procedures
mentioned in Sushruta Samhita
Surgery is an integral part of Ayurvedic treatment as far  Incisions
as ENT is concerned. A detailed and systematic account In places such as the brows, cheeks, temples, forehead,
of surgical interventions in the form of pre-operative, lip etc., incision should be Tiryaka ie. horizontal.
operative and post operative care along with the
management of complications following surgery has (Su.Su.5/13)[1]
been described in our ancient Ayurvedic texts. Sushruta
Samhita is the most reliable and authentic Ayurvedic  Yantras
literature available for the treatment of diseases of Yantras are mentioned in this chapter with their
Shalakya Tantra. It has the compilation of most authentic indications. (Su.Su.7)
and advanced surgical techniques of that time. He has
mentioned various minor as well as major procedures
1. Svastika yantras are useful for Asthi Vidashata
like reconstruction surgeries in the context of
management of ENT disorders at the time when there shalyoddharnartha ie. extracting the foreign bodies
were limited diagnostic aids available. Many Acharyas lodged in the bones. (Su.Su.7/10)[2]
preceding Acharya Sushruta followed the same surgical 2. Tala yantras are useful for Karna nasa nadi
techniques. Even, western world followed Acharya shalyanama aharnarthama ie. removing foreign
Sushruta’s surgical knowledge, explored it and come up bodies from the ear, nose and sinuses.
with advanced surgeries of today. And hence, Acharya
(Su.Su.7/12)[3]
Sushruta is rightly given the title of ‘Father of Surgery’
in modern surgery also. 3. Nadi yantras are useful for
Srotogatashalyoddharnarthama ie. extracting
foreign bodies from the srotasa (channels, minute
pores etc.), Rogadarshanama ie. to observe the
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Priya et al. European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
abnormalities inside, Achooshnarthama ie.for  Nasa Sandhana (Rhinoplasty) is mentioned in this

sucking vitiated fluids like blood, pus etc. verse. (Su.Su.16/46-50)[11]
(Su.Su.7/13)[4] Procedure: A leaf of a tree should be taken and cut to
4. Shalaka yantras are useful for the shape and size of the nose, this is placed on the
Srotogatashalyoddharnarthama ie. Extraction of cheek, then the cheek muscle is cut to the same size;
foreign bodies, Nasaarbudaharnarthama ie. Used raising a flap of it and maintaining the connection with
for extracting polyps or tumours inside the nose etc. the live muscles, the flap is placed quickly on the
(Su.Su.7/14)[5] mutilated nose after scrapping it , then suitable bandage
tied, inserting two tubes into the nose, one to each
Reconstructive Surgeries nostril, then powder of medicinal plants should be
 15 techniques of Karna bandha (Otoplasty) are sprinkled on the site and white cotton swab placed on it,
mentioned in this verse. (Su.Su.16/10)[6] tila taila should be sprinkled frequently.
1. Nemisandhanaka: It is done when both the parts of
the cut ear are thick, broad and even. After the union has healed, the flap of muscles should be
2. Utpala bhedaka: It is to be done when both the parts cut at its half length allowing the remaining intact. If the
are round, broad and even. nose is short, attempt should be made to augment its
3. Valluraka: It is done when both the parts are small, growth and if there is excess growth, it should be made
round and even. even, to the normal size by cutting or scrapping.
4. Asangima: It is done when internal part only is long.
5. Gandakarna: It is done when the external part only  Oshthasandhana (Oroplasty) is mentioned here.
is long. (Su.Su.16/51)[12]
6. Aharya: It is done when there is very small lobe or Joining of the mutilated lips should be done in the same
absence of lobe on both side. way as joining of the mutilated nose but without the
7. Nirvedhima: It is to be done when the ear is well insertion of tubes.
fixed at both side and the ear lobe is thin and
adhering loosely. Types of Bandages
8. Vyayojima: It is done when the ear lobe is thick or Types of Bandha (Bandaging) are mentioned in this
thin, regular or irregular. verse. (Su.Su.18/18)[13]
9. Kapatasandhika: It is done when the internal lobe is 1. Svastika bandha (like plus mark or cross): It is
long and other lobe is short. used in between the (bhru) brows and karna (ears).
10. Ardhakapata sandhika: It is done when the external 2. Pratoli (broad): for griva (neck).
lobe only is long and other part of the lobe is short. 3. Khatva bandha (Four tailed bandage): for hanu
(lower jaw), shankha (temples) and ganda (cheeks).
Also, Sankshipta, Hinakarna, Vallikarna, Yastikarna 4. Vitana bandha (tent like): for murdhani (scalp).
and Kakaushtaka types of Karnasandhana are Asadhya. 5. Gophana bandha (like horns of cow or T
 In this verse, Acharya has mentioned that when the bandage): for chibuka (chin), nasa (nose) and
karnapali (pinna)of both the ears are not present, oshtha (lips).
then it should be repaired by cutting the skin at the 6. Panchangi bandha (five tailed): for parts or organs
back of ears. (Su.Su.16/11)[7] above the shoulder (Urdhavajatruna).
 When the karnapali (pinna) is damaged greatly,
joining should be done medially, whereas when the Other types of bandaging- (Su.Su.18/24)[14]
damage is great medially then joining should be 1. Gaadha bandha (Tight bandaging): on head.
done posteriorly. (Su.Su.16/12)[8] 2. Sama bandha (Moderate bandaging): on face, ears
 When the pinna only is present and is big, thick and and throat.
static, then it should be cut into two and joined. 3. Shithila bandha (Loose bandaging): on the joints.
(Su.Su.16/13)[9]
 Cutting out a flap of the living muscles from the  Classification of diseases according to Surgical
cheek retaining its connection intact, turning over to techniques
the site of the lobe after scrapping the area, thus In this chapter, Ashtavidha Shastra karma (Eight surgical
making up the lobe. (Su.Su.16/14)[10] procedures) are described. (Su.Su.25)
1. Chhedya roga (diseases requiring excision):
Shleshmika granthi, Mamsa sanghata (benign

tumour of palate), Galashundika (enlargement of  Types of needles: (Su.Su.25/23-24)[25]

uvula), Adhrusha (swelling in palate). (Su.Su25/3- 1. Vritta Anguldvayama (Round and around 4cm
4)[15] long)- for body parts which have Alpa mamsa (less
2. Bhedya roga (diseases requiring incision): All muscles) and for (Sandhi) joints.
abscesses (Vidradhi) except that produced by all the 2. Ayata trayangula trayasra (three edges and around
doshas together, Vataj, Pittaj and kaphaj tumours 6cm long)- for body parts which have more muscle
(granthi), two kinds of Vrinda (small tumours of mass ie. Mamsala.
throat), Talupupputa (tumours of the palate), 3. Dhanurvakra (curved like bow)- It is ideal for
Tundikeri (tonsillitis), Gilayu (Tonsillar abscess), Marma pradesha (Vital points).
Kshudra roga like Khalitya, Palitya etc.
(Su.Su.25/5-8)[16]  Methods of foreign body extraction
3. Lekhya roga (diseases requiring scrapping): Vataj, This chapter contains knowledge regarding removal of
Pittaj, Kaphaj and Raktaj Rohini, Upjihvika foreign bodies, hence the name- Shalyapanayaniya.
(swelling of tongue), Adhijihvika (Adenoids or (Su.Su.27)
epiglottitis) etc. (Su.Su.25/9)[17] 1. Foreign bodies of eyes and other body parts come
4. Vedhya roga (diseases requiring puncturing): out naturally by- acts of flow of tears (Ashru),
Vitiated veins (Sira). (Su.Su.25/10)[18] sneezing (Kshavathu), belching (Udgara), coughing
5. Eshya roga (diseases requiring probing): Sashalya (Kasa) etc.
vrana (wound with foreign body inside), Unmargi 2. Mamsaavgadha shalya avidahyamanama ie. Foreign
vrana (sinus ulcer which spreads sidewards). body stuck up inside the muscles and not causing
(Su.Su.25/10)[19] burning sensation – should be made to come out
6. Aharya roga (diseases requiring extraction): along with pus and blood by creating suppuration, if
Karnamala (ear wax), three types of sharkara it is not coming out then it should be torn out or hit
(salivary calculus), shalya (all kinds of foreign with appliances (Pachana, Bhedana, Darana and
bodies). (Su.Su .25/11)[20] Peedana).
7. Sravya roga (diseases requiring drainage): All kinds 3. Indriya shalya ie. Minute foreign bodies lodged in
of Vidradhi (abscess) except Tridoshaj Vidradhi, sense organs- should be removed by Parishechana
Ekadeshiya shotha (inflammatory oedema confined (pouring water), Adhamapana (blowing air),
to one place), Palyamaya (diseases of the earlobe), Parimarjana (sweeping with hands, cloth or hair).
all kinds of arbuda (malignant tumours), three kinds 4. Aharashesha shleshma,anu shalya ie. Foreign
of granthi (benign tumours), Galashaluka bodies such as food particles, mucus and minute-
(epiglottitis), Jihvakantaka (inflammation of should be removed by inducing shwasana
tongue), Talukantaka (inflammation of palate), (breathing), Kasana (coughing), pradhamana
Kshudra rogas including Khalitya, Palitya, (blowing air).
Darunaka etc. (Su.Su.25/12-15)[21] 5. Annashalya ie. Particles of food- these may be
8. Sivya roga (diseases requiring suturing): removed by inducing vomiting by inserting fingers
Medasamuttha roga (tumours etc. arising from fats), etc. into the mouth.
Sadyovrana (traumatic wounds), 6. Vrana dosha (pus) present in the cavity of wound
Chalasandhivyapashrita vrana (diseases localized should be removed by washing with liquid.
on movable joints requiring suturing). (Su.Su.27/5)[26]
(Su.Su.25/16)[22]
7. Sirasnayu vilagnama shalya ie. Foreign bodies stuck
 Types of suture materials up in veins and ligament- should be removed by
Sukshma sutra (fine thread) of bark of Ashmantaka, flax, Shalaka (metal rods) etc. (Su.Su.27/12)[27]
jute, linen, (Snayu) ligament, hair, fibre of murva or
guduchi. (Su.Su.25/20-21)[23] 8. Shvayathugrasta ie. Foreign bodies lodged in
oedema- should be removed by squeezing.
 Types of sutures: (Su.Su.25/22)[24]
1. Vellitaka 9. Asthivivara pravishta shalya ie. Foreign body inside
2. Gophanika the cavity of bones- then the physician should hold
3. Tunnasevani the patient by the legs and pull out the arrow using a
4. Rijugranthi etc. blunt instrument or the patient should be held by

strong persons, the shaft of the arrow should be bent 2. In Jihvaroga (diseases of tongue)- Siravedhana
with the help of an instrument, and then fastened (puncturing) should be done on adhojihva (base of
with five tailed bandage to the string of a bow at one tongue).
end and reins of the horse at the other end, then the 3. In Taluroga (diseases of palate)- Siravedhana
horse should be whipped so that it lifts its head (puncturing) should be done in talu (palate).
suddenly with force, resulting in pulling the arrow 4. In Karnapeeda and Karnaroga (otalgia and ear
out; or a strong branch of a tree bent down and the diseases)- Siravedhana should be done around the
arrow pulled out as before. (Su.Su.27/14)[28] ears (karnyopari samantata).
5. In loss of smell perception and the diseases of nose
10. Jatushe kanthasakte ie. Foreign body made of shell (Gandhagrahana & Nasaroga)- It should be done at
lac in the throat- when a foreign body made of shell the Nasagra (tip of the nose).
lac is found stuck up in throat, then a hollow tube 6. In Shiroroga (diseases of the head)- veins of the
should be introduced first and a heated metal rod same place should be punctured.
inserted through it till it touches the foreign body.
When the foreign body adheres to the heated rod, it  Management of fractures and dislocations
should be bathed with cold water, and after it In this chapter, named, Bhagna Chikitsa, treatment of
becomes stable, it should be pulled out. different types of bhagna (fractures) and chyuti
(Su.Su.27/17)[29] (dislocations) is given. (Su.Chi.3)
1. Akshakasthi chyuti (dislocation of clavicle): The
11. Ajatusha shalya – Foreign body which is not made area should be be given fomentation and then lifted
of shell lac should be pulled out by using a rod up using a wooden pestle or pushed down if bulging
smeared with lac or bees wax in the same manner as up and then tight bandage applied. (Su.Chi.3/36)[34]
described earlier. (Su.Su.27/18)[30] 2. Grivavivriti (twisting of the neck): When neck is
found twisted or sunk into the chest, then the
12. Asthishalya tiryaka kanthasakta ie. Bony foreign physician should hold the head at the avatu (nape of
body, if found stuck up in the throat horizontally, the neck) and hanu (lower jaw) and pull the neck
then the patient is made to swallow a ball of hair, upward, apply splints suitably and then bandage it
fastened to a strong and lengthy thread, along with with bands of cloth; the patient is instructed to sleep
liquid food, followed by consuming more liquid keeping his face up for seven days, without any
food, till his stomach becomes full, then he is made laxity. (Su.Chi.3/37-38)[35]
to vomit. During vomiting, after determining that the 3. Hanusandhi chyuti (dislocation of lower jaw): The
foreign body has stuck to the ball of hair, the thread physician should anoint the area, give fomentation
should be pulled out suddenly or a soft tooth brush and place the lower jaw in its normal place (by
made from twigs of plants may be used. If by these physical manipulation), then apply Panchangi
acts, if it does not come out, then it should be deep bandha (five tailed bandage); instilling drops of oil
inside. (Su.Su.27/19)[31] processed with Vata mitigating and sweet drugs into
the nose is greatly beneficial. (Su.Chi.3/39-40)[36]
13. Graasashalya kanthasakte ie. Food bolus stuck in 4. Nasabhanga (fracture of nose): When nose is
the throat as a foreign body- then the person should found sunk inside or distorted, it should be made
be made to bend and given hard hit with the fist over straight with the help of an iron rod, hollow tubes
his neck without his knowledge or he may be made having opening at both ends are introduced into the
to drink oil or ghee, wine or water thus making it to nostrils (one to each nostril) anointed with ghee,
enter the stomach. (Su.Su.27/21)[32] bandaged and then bathed with ghee. (Su.Chi.3/43-
44)[37]
 Sites of venupuncture in different diseases 5. Karnabhanga(fracture of ear): When the ear is
Vyadhana sthana (place of puncturing) is mentioned here fractured, it should be placed in its normal position,
in this verse. (Su.Sha.8/17)[33] bathed with ghee, bandaged with cloth soaked in
1. In Galaganda (tumour in the neck)- vein present in ghee; after that it is treated like a fresh wound.
uroomoola (base/root of the thigh) should be (Su.Chi.3/45)[38]
punctured. 6. Sira kapala bhagna (fracture of skull bones):
When the kapala asthi (flat bones of the skull)are
found fractured without mastulunga (brain matter)

coming out, then the area should be bathed with o In Ekavrinda (small tumour of throat), blood letting
mixture of honey and ghee and bandaged; the patient should be done. (Su.Chi.22/66)[52]
instructed to drink ghee (medicated) only as food for
seven days. (Su.Chi.3/46)[39] In Gilayu (tonsillar abscess), Shastra karma or surgical
intervention is required.
 Management of different diseases
 Indralupta Chikitsa (Alopecia areata)- The In Amarmastha Galavidradhi (abscess in non vital
(Siramokshana) vein of the scalp should be spots), when well ripe should be excised just like other
punctured after anointing and fomentation; then the abscesses.
skin should be incised and paste of medicines should  In karnapali (earlobe) treatment, Asrigamokshana
be applied. (Su.Chi.20/24-25)[40] (blood letting) should be done. (Su.Chi.25/13)[53]
 Arunshika Chikitsa - The blood should be let out  Karnakita (insects, wax or fluids present in ear)-
and the lesions should be washed with decoction. These are removed by using either a Shringa (horn)
(Su.Chi.20/27)[41] or Shalaka (rod like instrument). (Su.U.21/58-59)[54]
 Darunaka Chikitsa - scalp should be anointed and  Nasapaka Chikitsa- Blood letting should be done.
fomented first and then the vein should be (Su.U.23/5-6)[55]
punctured. (Su.Chi.20/29-30)[42]  Anantavata Chikitsa- Siravyadha (Venupuncture)
 Mukhroga Chikitsa or treatment of diseases of the should be done. (Su.U.26/36-37)[56]
mouth is given in this chapter. (Su.Chi.22)  Shiroroga chikitsa- If by all the treatments
o Pittaj, Raktaj and Abhigataj Oshtha roga (swelling mentioned in context of shiroroga, the disease does
of the lips) can be treated by blood letting. not subside, then the physician should administer
(Su.Chi.22/6)[43] Siramokshana (Venupuncture). (Su.U.26/43)[57]
o In kaphaj oshtha roga, Blood letting should be
done. (Su.Chi.22/7)[44] DISCUSSION
o In medoj oshtha roga,after doing fomentation,  Acharya has mentioned various surgical techniques
incision should be made by sharp instrument, including their pre-operative, operative procedures
cleared and then cauterization done. and post operative care along with their
(Su.Chi.22/9)[45] complications and management.
o In pittaj and kaphaj Jihvakantaka (inflammation of  According to modern science, incisions on the face
tongue), blood letting should be done. should correspond to the creases or wrinkle lines[58]
(Su.Chi.22/45-46)[46] and this fact has similarity with what is mentioned in
o In Upjihva (swelling of tongue), tongue should be Sushruta Samhita.
scrapped (Lekhana karma). (Su.Chi.22/48)[47]  Various yantras mentioned in Sushruta Samhita
o Galashundika (enlargement of uvula), should be have similarity with the instruments of modern
pulled using a forceps held by the thumb and finger science like Svastika yantra can be compared to
and then cut with mandalagra shastra; that resting forceps like Crocodile forceps[59], tilley’s forceps[60],
on the tongue, should be cut to one-third of its hartman’s forceps[61] etc.
length; pulling too much causes bleeding &
ultimately death of the patient; by inadequate cutting Tala yantra (with discs or scoops) can be compared to
there will be swelling, more of salivation etc. Wullstein cupped forceps[62], Blakeslay forceps[63], Rosen
(Su.Chi.22/49-50)[48] curved microcurette[64] etc.
o In Tundikeri (tonsillitis), Adhrusha (swelling in
palate), Kurma, Talu sanghata (benign tumour of Nadi yantra (with one opening or openings at both ends)
palate) and Talupupputa (tumour of palate), Shastra can be compared to Ear speculum, Otoscope,
karma (Surgical treatment) should be done. Endoscopes, Endoscopic suction tips etc.
(Su.Chi.22/57-58)[49]
o In Vataj, Pittaj, Kaphaj and Raktaj Rohini, blood Shalaka yantras (rod like instruments or probes)are
letting should be done. (Su.Chi.22/59-63)[50] similar to Jobson’s horne probe[65], Bowman lacrimal
o Adhijihvika (adenoids or epiglottitis) should be probe[66] etc.
treated like upjihvika ie.lekhana karma (Scrapping)
should be done. (Su.Chi.22/65)[51]  Different types of surgical procedures like Lekhana
(Scrapping), Chhedana (Excision), Bhedana

(Incision), Vyadhana (Puncturing), Seevya 2014, Chaukhamba Orientalia, Sutra Sthana,

(Suturing) etc. are being used till now. Chapter 5, verse13, Pg31.
 Reconstruction surgeries of present day like 2. Prof. K.R. Srikantha Murthy, Sushruta Samhita of
Otoplasty which also involves using skin grafts[67] Sushruta, English Commentary, Reprint Edition
etc, Rhinoplasty or nasal reconstruction (skin graft 2014, Chaukhamba Orientalia, Sutra Sthana,
from cheek is used to repair columella or nasal Chapter 7, verse10, Pg47.
ala)[68] etc., are the similar little modified versions of 3. Prof. K.R. Srikantha Murthy, Sushruta Samhita of
the surgeries mentioned in Sushruta Samhita. Sushruta, English Commentary, Reprint Edition
 Different bandaging techniques mentioned in 2014, Chaukhamba Orientalia, Sutra Sthana,
Sushruta Samhita has similarity with present day Chapter 7, verse12, Pg48.
techniques like: Svastika Bandha- Cross bandage. 4. Prof. K.R. Srikantha Murthy, Sushruta Samhita of
Khatva bandha[69] – Four tailed bandage of jaw, side of Sushruta, English Commentary, Reprint Edition
the temple bandage. 2014, Chaukhamba Orientalia, Sutra Sthana,
Vitana bandha[70]- Recurrent bandage of head with two Chapter 7, verse13, Pg48.
bandages or Cap bandage. 5. Prof. K.R. Srikantha Murthy, Sushruta Samhita of
Gophana bandha- Nasal sling bandage. Sushruta, English Commentary, Reprint Edition
 Suture techniques given by Acharya Sushruta are 2014, Chaukhamba Orientalia, Sutra Sthana,
also being used till today, like[71] Chapter 7, verse14, Pg49.
Vellitaka- Continuous suture. 6. Prof. K.R. Srikantha Murthy, Sushruta Samhita of
Gophanika seevana- Blanket suture. Sushruta, English Commentary, Reprint Edition
Tunnasevani- Subcuticular suture. 2014, Chaukhamba Orientalia, Sutra Sthana,
Rijugranthi- Interrupted suture. Chapter 16, verse10, Pg113.
 (Suchi) Surgical needles used at that time can also 7. Prof. K.R. Srikantha Murthy, Sushruta Samhita of
be compared to the present day needles like: Sushruta, English Commentary, Reprint Edition
Vritta Anguldvayama – Straight needle (Round). 2014, Chaukhamba Orientalia, Sutra Sthana,
Ayata trayangula trayasra- Straight needle (Three Chapter 16, verse11, Pg114.
edged). 8. Prof. K.R. Srikantha Murthy, Sushruta Samhita of
Dhanurvakra – Curved needle. Sushruta, English Commentary, Reprint Edition
 Many of the methods of foreign body extraction 2014, Chaukhamba Orientalia, Sutra Sthana,
mentioned by Acharya are almost similar to the Chapter 16, verse12, Pg114.
one’s which are being practised today. 9. Prof. K.R. Srikantha Murthy, Sushruta Samhita of
 Treatment of various fractures and dislocations Sushruta, English Commentary, Reprint Edition
related to ENT has been mentioned by Acharya 2014, Chaukhamba Orientalia, Sutra Sthana,
Sushruta. Chapter 16, verse13, Pg114.
10. Prof. K.R. Srikantha Murthy, Sushruta Samhita of
 Method of removal of insects, wax, fluids etc. with
Sushruta, English Commentary, Reprint Edition
rod like instruments described in Sushruta Samhita
2014, Chaukhamba Orientalia, Sutra Sthana,
is similar as done in modern science with jobson’s
Chapter 16, verse14, Pg115.
horne probe or cerumen hook etc.[72]
CONCLUSION
 Acharya has mentioned a detailed account of
Chapter 16, verse46-50, Pg120.
surgical interventions related to ENT, which are
practical and authentic to a great extent.
 Many classical surgical techniques can be used as it
is even these days.
 These interventions can be of great help in
discovering new and advanced techniques with the
help of recent advancements.
REFERENCES

2014, Chaukhamba Orientalia, Sutra Sthana, 2014, Chaukhamba Orientalia, Sutra Sthana,
Chapter 18, verse24, Pg133. Chapter27, verse12, Pg200.
15. Prof. K.R. Srikantha Murthy, Sushruta Samhita of 28. Prof. K.R. Srikantha Murthy, Sushruta Samhita of
Sushruta, English Commentary, Reprint Edition Sushruta, English Commentary, Reprint Edition
Chapter 25, verse3-4, Pg182. Chapter27, verse14, Pg200.
Chapter 25, verse10, Pg183. Chapter 27, verse21, Pg202.
2014, Chaukhamba Orientalia, Sutra Sthana, 2014, Chaukhamba Orientalia, Sharir Sthana,
2014, Chaukhamba Orientalia, Sutra Sthana, 2016, Chaukhamba Orientalia, Chikitsa Sthana,
Chapter 25, verse16, Pg184. Chapter3, verse37-38, Pg50.
Chapter 25, verse20-21, Pg185. Chapter3, verse39-40, Pg50.
Chapter 25, verse22, Pg185. Chapter3, verse43-44, Pg51.
Chapter27 , verse5, Pg198. Chapter3, verse46, Pg51.

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ejbps, 2021, Volume 8. Issue 10, XX-XX. Review Article SJIF Impact Factor 6.

Priya et al. European Journal

ANCIENT SURGICAL TECHNIQUES AND PROCEDURES RELATED TO ENT

Dr. Manu Priya1* and Dr. Vijayant Bhardwaj2

*Corresponding Author: Dr. Manu Priya

Article Received on 31/07/2021 Article Revised on 21/08/2021 Article Accepted on 10/09/2021

KEYWORDS: Surgical procedures, Yantras, Bandha, Sandhana.

INTRODUCTION AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

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abnormalities inside, Achooshnarthama ie.for  Nasa Sandhana (Rhinoplasty) is mentioned in this

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tumour of palate), Galashundika (enlargement of  Types of needles: (Su.Su.25/23-24)[25]

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www.ejbps.com │ Vol 8, Issue 9, 2021. │ ISO 9001:2015 Certified Journal │

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(Incision), Vyadhana (Puncturing), Seevya 2014, Chaukhamba Orientalia, Sutra Sthana,

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www.ejbps.com │ Vol 8, Issue 9, 2021. │ ISO 9001:2015 Certified Journal │

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70. Bandaging and Splinting, Department of the Army

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