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Module 2 Lesson 2 Developing Virtue As Habit

This document discusses developing virtue and moral character through habit. It states that ethics involves cultivating an excellent character through the habitual practice of virtues like wisdom and moderation. A virtuous character is shaped by both rational thinking and habituating good behaviors. Character refers to one's stable personality and approach to decision making, which implies an understanding of what is good. Moral character involves virtues like empathy, courage, and honesty that distinguish individuals.

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Reje Cuaresma
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
135 views

Module 2 Lesson 2 Developing Virtue As Habit

This document discusses developing virtue and moral character through habit. It states that ethics involves cultivating an excellent character through the habitual practice of virtues like wisdom and moderation. A virtuous character is shaped by both rational thinking and habituating good behaviors. Character refers to one's stable personality and approach to decision making, which implies an understanding of what is good. Moral character involves virtues like empathy, courage, and honesty that distinguish individuals.

Uploaded by

Reje Cuaresma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module 2: Lesson 2

DEVELOPING VIRTUE AS HABIT


Developing Virtue as Habit

Ethics is a matter of living well


through the habitual practice of
virtue which essentially translates
into having a virtuous or excellent
character.
A virtuous character is the result
of proper combination of practical
wisdom (phronesis), and habituation
in the pursuit of the mean (mesotes).
Being ethical is all about being
excellent in human being, which is
being excellent in fulfilling one’s
essence as a rational being that has
cultivated an excellent character and
capable of making the most prudent
decisions in all circumstances.
Through the constant interaction
of thought and action as prompted
by various situations that calls for
one’s decision, a person comes to
know himself/herself as a certain type
of character or personality.
Being a certain way or having a
particular personality or character
implies a certain understanding of the
good.
Personality or character is an
approach or a way of reckoning the
different situations that one faces in
his/her life - a way of navigating one’s
way towards his/her flourishing as a
human persons.
Character is not merely a
theoretical construct but a product
of action in the world – a constant
doing or way of being that is made
apparent by the possession and
actualization of particular virtues or
vices.
Moral Character

It is an evaluation of an
individual's stable moral qualities.
The concept of character can imply
a variety of attributes.
A moral character includes the
existence or lack of virtues such as
empathy, courage, fortitude,
honesty, and loyalty, or of good
behaviors or habits.
Moral character primarily refers
to the assemblage of qualities that
distinguish one individual from
another.
Although on a cultural level,
the set of moral behaviors to which
a social group adheres can be said
to unite and define it culturally as
distinct from others.
Psychologist Lawrence Pervin
defines moral character as a
disposition to express behavior in
consistent patterns of functions
across a range of situations.
Normative ethics involve moral
standards that exhibit right and
wrong conduct. It is a test of proper
behavior and determining what is
right and wrong.
Plato believed that the soul is
divided into three parts of desire,
namely:

➢ Rational
➢ Appetitive
➢ Spirited
In order to have moral
character, we must understand what
contributes to our overall good and
have our spirited and appetitive
desires educated properly, so that
they can agree with the guidance
provided by the rational part of the
soul.
Aristotle tells us that there are
good people in the world. These are
those who exhibit excellences –
excellences of thought and
excellences of character.
Excellence of character, then,
is a state concerned with choice,
lying in a mean relative to us, this
being determined by reason and in
the way in which the man
of practical wisdom would
determine it.
We have been informed that
Ethics is a branch of Philosophy
concerned about actions, the action
either human act or act of man.
Ethics and values have a common
role; they even interplay with each
other.
Ethics without values is hollow
and shallow and therefore weak.
While values without ethics is
paralytics.
Values

These are beliefs or ideals


shared by the member of a culture
about what is good or desirable and
what is not. It strongly influences the
behavior of an individual and serves
as board in all situation.
Through heredity or through the
environment, an individual acquires
values. The influence of the family,
community, society, nation, and
other individuals makes the person
unique as he/she develops a set of
values. These values determine the
priorities and lifestyle of the person.
Root of Filipino Values

There are three known origin of


the Filipino values. These are
lifestyles, human nature, and cultural
inclination.
The Patterns of Filipino Values

➢ Exogenous Pattern
➢ Indigenous Pattern
Exogenous Pattern

It is also identified as legal or


formal. The word itself would help us
deduce its root to the time when
Filipinos began to form a link with
cultures.
Indigenous Pattern

It is considered traditional or non-


formal pattern of Filipino values.
Indigenous values are acquired in the
subconscious mind.
Filipino Values

➢ Bayanihan
➢ Family Closeness
➢ Hospitality
➢ Compassion
➢ Regionalism
➢ Friendliness
➢ Politeness
Bayanihan

The Filipino community spirit of


cooperation in which a group of
individuals extends a helping hand
without expecting any remuneration.
Family Closeness

The Filipino trait of prioritizing the


family above other things and
maintaining the close connections
and cooperation among its
members.
Hospitality

The Filipino trait of being


receptive and generous to guests
and to anybody that enters into their
homes.
Compassion

The Filipino trait of being kind


and emphatic to others even if the
person is a not known to them or a
stranger.
Regionalism

The Filipino trait of giving his


province mates preferential
treatment as well as priority over
natives of other provinces.
Friendliness

The Filipino quality of being


friendly and can easily get together
with others in a sincere, loyal, and
kind ways.
Politeness

The Filipino quality of being


courteous to anybody, most
especially to the eldars, and it is
usually associated with the used of Po
and Opo.
Filipino Values and Non-Filipino
Culture

While it is true that Filipinos have


their own sense of values and valuing
system, it is also an accepted fact
that these distinct values came from
the universal human needs and wants.
For instance everyone in the
world has a want to own a car.
However, how serious the Filipinos are
on this want may be different from
that of the Americans.
Bipolar Filipino Values

➢ Hiya or Shame
➢ Ningas Cogon or Procrastination
➢ Bahala Na or Resignation
➢ Mañana Habit
➢ Utang na loob or Indebtedness
Hiya or Shame

It gives the Filipinos a picture of


refinement, culture and education. It
avoids harshness or crudeness. This
value limits the Filipinos to desire so
much and it gives them peace of
mind.
Ningas Cogon

Its positive aspects relies on the


fact that a person with such a value
is definitely simple. It has a negative
effect because a man with that
value refuses to take responsibility,
and a man who does not take
responsibilities seems to be far from
improvements.
Bahala Na or Resignation

It has a positive effect because


it is a demonstration of dependence
to God. Bahala na is a expression of
humility; it is the opposite of
arrogance. However, it also have a
negative effect because it legitimizes
laziness.
Mañana Habit

Being a positive values, it allows


things to move on their pattern. They
assure peace of mind in the person.
They are like allowing wound to heal
on its own. However, they also have a
negative part. It keeps problems to a
heap until solving them becomes
impossible.
Utang na Loob or Indebtedness

It is a recognition of a favour. It
is a way of paying back something
or a way of repayment. It is also
negative; the success of one is like a
debt to someone. This is one
weakness of the Filipinos that many
times it results to prejudices during
elections.

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