DAVID, KAREN B.

BLOCK A

ACTIVITY 10: ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE (ANOVA)

1.Compute a one-way ANOVA on the following data. Use .05 level of significance.

A B C
2 5 3

1 3 4

3 6 5

3 4 5

2 5 3

1 5

Determine the observed F value. Compare the observed F value with the critical table F
value and decide whether to reject the null hypothesis.

H0 :In the following data, there is no statistically significant difference in the average.

H1 : In the following data, there is statistically significant difference in the average

Level of Significance: 5%
a) Computation using the program
Anova: Single Factor

SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
A 6 12 2 0.8
B 5 23 4.6 1.3
0.96666
C 6 25 4.166667 7
 ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between 11.0746
Groups 22.20196 2 11.10098 1 0.001307 3.738892
Within Groups 14.03333 14 1.002381

Total 36.23529 16

b) Compare the obtained F ratio with the table value of F ratio or critical F.
Obtained F= 11.07
Critical F= 3.73
df 2 and 14
Level of significance 0.5 or 5%

c) Formulate the decision rule

To reject the null hypothesis at the 5% significance level with 2 and 14 degrees of
freedom, our calculated F ratio must exceed table value 3.73. Because we have
obtained an F ratio of 11.07, we can reject the null hypothesis. Therefore, we can
conclude that the results obtained are statistically significant.

d) State the decision rule

Since the obtained F ratio is (11.07) greater than the critical F ratio (3.74) at 5% level of
significance with df = 2 and 14, we can reject the null hypothesis. Therefore, the result
of the test is statistically significant.

3. A milk company has four machines that fill gallons jugs with milk. The quality control
manager is interested in determining whether the average fill for these machines is the
same. The following data represents random samples of fill measures (in quarts) for 19
jugs of milk filled by the different machines. Use α = .01 to test the hypotheses. Discuss
the business implications of your findings.

Machine 1 Machine 2 Machine 3 Machine 4

4.02 4.01 3.97 3.99

4.04 3.99 3.95 4.01

4.00 4.00

4.00

a) State the null and alternative hypothesis

H0 : The average of four machines that fill gallon jugs with milk shows no significant
difference.
H1 : The average of four machines that fill gallon jugs with milk shows significant
difference.
Level of Significance: 1%

b) Computation using the program

Anova:
Single
Factor

SUMMARY
Su Avera Varianc
Groups Count m ge e
16. 0.0003
Machine 1 4 12 4.03 33
24. 4.0016 0.0001
Machine 2 6 01 67 37
19. 0.0003
Machine 3 5 87 3.974 3
16. 0.0001
Machine 4 4 02 4.005 67

ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between 0.0070 3 0.0023 10.098 0.00068 5.4169
 Groups 76 59 4 5 65
Within 0.0035 0.0002
Groups 03 15 34

0.0105
Total 79 18

c) Compare the obtained F ratio with the table value of F ratio or critical F.
Obtained F= 10.09
Critical F= 5.41
df 3 and 15
Level of significance 0.1 or 1%

d) Formulate the decision rule

To reject the null hypothesis at the 1% significance level with 3 and 15 degrees of
freedom, our calculated F ratio must exceed table value 5.41. Because we have
obtained an F ratio of 10.09, we can reject the null hypothesis. Therefore, we can
conclude that the results obtained are statistically significant.

e) State the decision rule

Since the obtained F ratio is (10.09) greater than the critical F ratio (5.41) at 1% level of
significance with df = 3 and 15, we can reject the null hypothesis. Therefore, the result
of the test is statistically significant.
5. Use the ANOVA to analyze the data from the randomized block design given here.
Let α = .05. State the null and alternative hypotheses and determine whether the null
hypothesis is rejected.

Treatment Level
Block 1 2 3 4
1 23 26 24 24
2 31 35 32 33
3 27 29 26 27
4 21 28 27 22
5 18 25 27 20

Solution:

 State the null and alternative hypotheses

H0 :In the following data, there is no statistically significant difference in the randomized
block design.

H1 : In the following data, there is statistically significant difference in the randomized

Level of Significance: 5%

Anova: Single Factor

SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance

Column 1 5 120 24 26

Column 2 5 143 28.6 15.3

Column 3 5 136 27.2 8.7

Column 4 5 126 25.2 25.7

Total 365.75 19

c.) Compare the obtained F ratio with the table value of F ratio or critical F.
Obtained F= 1.109
Critical F= 3.239
df 2 and 14
Level of significance .05 or 5%

d.) Formulate the decision rule

To reject the null hypothesis at the 5% significance level with 3 and 16 degrees of
freedom, our calculated F ratio must exceed table value 3.239. Because we have
obtained an F ratio of 1.109, we can reject the null hypothesis. Therefore, we can
conclude that the results obtained are statistically significant.

e.) State the decision rule

Since the obtained F ratio is (1.109) greater than the critical F ratio (3.239) at 5% level
of significance with df =3 and 16, we can reject the null hypothesis. Therefore, the result
of the test is statistically significant.