Canadian

Mathematics
Competition
An activity of the Centre for Education
in Mathematics and Computing,
University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario

Pascal Contest (Grade 9)

Wednesday, February 23, 2005

C.M.C. Sponsors: C.M.C. Supporters:

Canadian Institute
of Actuaries

Chartered Accountants

Great West Life

and London Life

Sybase

iAnywhere Solutions

Time: 60 minutes 2004

c Waterloo Mathematics Foundation
Calculators are permitted.
Instructions
1. Do not open the Contest booklet until you are told to do so.
2. You may use rulers, compasses and paper for rough work.
3. Be sure that you understand the coding system for your response form. If you are not sure, ask your
teacher to clarify it. All coding must be done with a pencil, preferably HB. Fill in circles completely.
4. On your response form, print your school name, city/town, and province in the box in the upper left
corner.
5. Be certain that you code your name, age, sex, grade, and the Contest you are writing in the
response form. Only those who do so can be counted as official contestants.
6. This is a multiple-choice test. Each question is followed by five possible answers marked A, B, C,
D, and E. Only one of these is correct. After making your choice, fill in the appropriate circle on the
response form.
7. Scoring: Each correct answer is worth 5 in Part A, 6 in Part B, and 8 in Part C.
There is no penalty for an incorrect answer.
Each unanswered question is worth 2, to a maximum of 10 unanswered questions.
8. Diagrams are not drawn to scale. They are intended as aids only.
9. When your supervisor tells you to begin, you will have sixty minutes of working time.
 Scoring: There is no penalty for an incorrect answer.
Each unanswered question is worth 2, to a maximum of 10 unanswered questions.

Part A: Each correct answer is worth 5.

200 + 10
1. What is the value of ?
20 + 10
(A) 2 (B) 10 (C) 1 (D) 11 (E) 7

2. The expression 6a − 5a + 4a − 3a + 2a − a is equal to

(A) 3a (B) 3a6 (C) 3 (D) −21a (E) −21a6

3. When x = 3, the value of x(x − 1)(x − 2)(x − 3)(x − 4) is

(A) 6 (B) −6 (C) 0 (D) 24 (E) −24

4. Six balls, numbered 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, are placed in a hat. Each ball is equally likely to be
chosen. If one ball is chosen, what is the probability that the number on the selected ball is a
prime number?
1 1 1 2 5
(A) 6 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 3 (E) 6
p √
5. The value of 36 × 16 is
(A) 12 (B) 144 (C) 24 (D) 26 (E) 96

6. A glass filled with water has a mass of 1000 g. When half the water is removed from the
glass, the mass of the glass and the remaining water is 700 g. What is the mass of the empty
glass?
(A) 600 g (B) 500 g (C) 350 g (D) 400 g (E) 300 g

7. If 31 x = 12, then 41 x equals

(A) 1 (B) 16 (C) 9 (D) 144 (E) 64

8. Which of the numbers −5, 23 , 2, 53 , 8 is larger than its square?

3 3
(A) −5 (B) 2 (C) 2 (D) 5 (E) 8

9. In triangle ABC, the value of x + y is A

(A) 104 (B) 76 (C) 180
(D) 90 (E) 166

xo 104o yo
B C

10. In the sequence 32, 8, , , x, each term after the second is the average of the two terms
immediately before it. The value of x is
(A) 17 (B) 20 (C) 44 (D) 24 (E) 14
Part B: Each correct answer is worth 6.

11. If a, b and c are positive integers with a × b = 13, b × c = 52, and c × a = 4, the value of
a × b × c is
(A) 2704 (B) 104 (C) 676 (D) 208 (E) 52

12. Point L lies on line segment KM , as shown. y

The value of w is
M(10,11)
(A) 4 (B) 5 (C) 6
(D) 7 (E) 8
L(6,w)

K(4,2)
x
O

13. Eight unit cubes are used to form a larger 2 by 2 by 2 cube.

The six faces of this larger cube are then painted red. When
the paint is dry, the larger cube is taken apart. What fraction
of the total surface area of the unit cubes is red?
1 2 1
(A) 6 (B) 3 (C) 2
1 1
(D) 4 (E) 3

14. A positive integer whose digits are the same when read forwards or backwards is called a
palindrome. For example, 4664 is a palindrome. How many integers between 2005 and 3000
are palindromes?
(A) 0 (B) 8 (C) 9 (D) 10 (E) more than 10

15. When 14 is divided by 5, the remainder is 4. When 14 is divided by a positive integer n, the
remainder is 2. For how many different values of n is this possible?
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) 5

16. The digits 1, 2, 5, 6, and 9 are all used to form five-digit even numbers, in which no digit is
repeated. The difference between the largest and smallest of these numbers is
(A) 83 916 (B) 79 524 (C) 83 952 (D) 79 236 (E) 83 016

17. In the diagram, rectangle P QRS is divided into three identical P Q

squares. If P QRS has perimeter 120 cm, what is its area,
in cm2 ?
(A) 225 (B) 675 (C) 360 S R
(D) 432 (E) 144

18. When the expression 20052 + 20050 + 20050 + 20055 is evaluated, the final two digits are
(A) 52 (B) 25 (C) 20 (D) 50 (E) 05
19. A whole number is called decreasing if each digit of the number is less than the digit to its
left. For example, 8540 is a decreasing four-digit number. How many decreasing numbers
are there between 100 and 500?
(A) 11 (B) 10 (C) 9 (D) 8 (E) 7

20. Harry the Hamster is put in a maze, and he starts at point S. S

The paths are such that Harry can move forward only in the
direction of the arrows. At any junction, he is equally likely to
choose any of the forward paths. What is the probability that
Harry ends up at B?
2 13 11
(A) 3 (B) 18 (C) 18
1 1
(D) 3 (E) 4

A B C D

Part C: Each correct answer is worth 8.

21. Integers m and n are each greater than 100. If m + n = 300, then m : n could be equal to
(A) 9 : 1 (B) 17 : 8 (C) 5 : 3 (D) 4 : 1 (E) 3 : 2

22. In the diagram, two pairs of identical isosceles triangles are A P B

cut off of square ABCD, leaving rectangle P QRS. The total
area cut off is 200 m2 . The length of P R, in metres, is Q
√ √
(A) 200 (B) 20 (C) 800
(D) 25 (E) 15 S

D R C

23. Starting with the 2, the number 2005 can be formed by mov-
ing either horizontally, vertically, or diagonally from square to 5 5 5 5 5
square in the grid. How many different paths can be followed 5 0 0 0 5
to form 2005? 5 0 2 0 5
(A) 96 (B) 72 (C) 80 5 0 0 0 5
5 5 5 5 5
(D) 64 (E) 88
24. A positive integer is called a perfect power if it can be written in the form ab , where a and
b are positive integers with b ≥ 2. For example, 32 and 125 are perfect powers because
32 = 25 and 125 = 53 .
The increasing sequence
2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, . . .
consists of all positive integers which are not perfect powers. The sum of the squares of the
digits of the 1000th number in this sequence is
(A) 42 (B) 26 (C) 33 (D) 18 (E) 21

25. In the diagram, right-angled triangles AED and BF C A D

are constructed inside rectangle ABCD so that F lies F
on DE. If AE = 21, ED = 72 and BF = 45, what is E
the length of AB?
(A) 50 (B) 48 (C) 52
(D) 54 (E) 56 B C
 (English)
Contest
Pascal
2005
Canadian Mathematics Competition

For students...
Thank you for writing the 2005 Pascal Contest!
In 2004, more than 83 000 students around the world registered to
write the Pascal, Cayley and Fermat Contests.

Encourage your teacher to register you for Fryer Contest which

will be written on April 20, 2005.
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www.cemc.uwaterloo.ca
to find
• More information about the Fryer Contest
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Contest preparation
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For teachers...
Visit our website
www.cemc.uwaterloo.ca
to
• Register your students for the Fryer, Galois and Hypatia Contests
which will be written on April 20, 2005
• Learn about workshops and resources we offer for teachers
• Find your school results