Published by : International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)

http://www.ijert.org ISSN: 2278-0181

Vol. 8 Issue 11, November-2019

Design, Analysis and Manufacturing of Double

Scissors Lift Elevated by One Hydraulic Cylinder
1
Wubshet Yimer, 2Yanshuang Wang
12
Mechanical Manufacture and Automation
12
Tianjin University of Technology & Education
12
Tianjin, China

Abstract - The following paper describes the design, analysis and presents the design and manufacturing of a scissors lift
manufacturing of a hydraulic scissor lift having two levels elevated by one hydraulic cylinder for the automotive
elevated by one hydraulic cylinder. Scissor lifting machine is industry.
hydraulically operated with makes lifting simple by eluding The drawing of hydraulic scissor lift was done using solid
bending onward to lift manually because the table is regulating works，Figure 1 shows the 3D modeling of double hydraulic
to be lifted at a preferred height. There are predominantly scissor lift.
hundreds of workers for lift tables in industrial, warehousing
and delivery services. The addition of this device (lift table)
makes job quicker, harmless and easier. The overall objective of
this paper is to design and manufacture a double scissors lift
device elevated by one hydraulic cylinder that can be used in the
automobile sector. The machine is tested by lifting different
weights and it is successful and can lift up to the recommended
weight of 270kg efficiently without any problem. Drafting &
drawing of hydraulic system scissor lift is done using solid
works.

Key words - Scissor lifting; lift table; hydraulic cylinder

automobile sector, Solid works

I. INTRODUCTION
A scissor lift is a vertical lifting device that consists of a
platform. The mechanism incorporated to achieve this
function is the use of linked, folding supports in a crisscross
pattern, known as a pantograph [1]. A scissor lift provide
the most economic， dependable and versatile methods of
Fig.1. 3D modeling of hydraulic scissor lift
lifting loads, it has a few moving parts, which may only
require lubricated. This lift table raises the load smoothly to II. DESIGN ANALYSIS
any desired height. This mechanism is incorporated with a Concept selection
hydraulic cylinder and the top of the scissors is attached a The design was selected from an already made product in the
table platform. This device will make use of the power market with modification in various parts and section to
generated from a hydraulic cylinder to raise or lower a further enhance the functionality of the design.
platform. The scissor lifts can be classified as follows: Design considerations
Hydraulic lifts, pneumatic lifts and mechanical lifts. Considerations made during the design and fabrication of a
Hydraulic scissor lifts are very powerful tool for applying a portable work platform being elevated by one hydraulic
ton of force on the platform plate of component which is cylinder is as follows:
equally distributed on scissor arms [2]. • Functionality of the design
A properly designed and equipped scissor lift enhances the • Manufacturability
logistic infrastructure, improving facility’s competitiveness. • Economic availability, that is general cost of
They are provide optimum solution for lifting awkward materials and fabrication techniques employed.
shaped objects to comfortable working heights with least Research carried out in the automobile industry reveals that
worker fatigue and physical strain. It also reduces back and one of the heaviest components of the automobile car is the
muscle injuries by avoiding inappropriate manual lifting car engine which is of average weight of 272 kg. By this
techniques. Besides these it helps to save time. The factor, the control weight would be 280 kg for safer design of
beneficiaries are those who are working directly on lifting the scissor lift table platform for assembly purposes in the
parts in automotive assembly and repair sector. This paper automotive industry.

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Published by : International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)
http://www.ijert.org ISSN: 2278-0181
Vol. 8 Issue 11, November-2019

Geometric Analysis  max = opposite/ hypotenuse

Figure 2, shows geometry of the hydraulic scissor lifting
−1
machine in raised position, which shows the various  max = sin  r  (2)
dimensions of the links including their orientation at this l/2
−1
position. =  250 
sin  
 560 / 2 
= 63.23o
Figure 3, shows geometry of the hydraulic scissor lifting
machine in lowered position, which shows the various
dimensions of the links including their orientation at this
position.

Fig.3. Geometry of the scissor lift in lowered position

Fig.2. Geometry of the scissor lift in raised position Considering the lowered position (Figure 3)
Considering the upper position (Figure 2)

2 2
l X  l  q (3)
= m2 + r 2 (1) =   − 
2 2  2
2
Where, Where,
l = the length of the arm q = 90 mm (1/4 of the height of the scissor in lower position)
m = 125 mm (1/2 of the distance between the arm in
2 2
raised position) X  560   90 
r = 250 mm (1/4 of the height of the scissor in raised =   − 
2  2   2
position)
Thus, l X
l2 = 125 + 250
2 2
= 276 mm
= 280 2
l2= 560 mm (Scissor arm length) X = 552 mm (the distance between the link/ arm in lower
The maximum arm/linkage angle (  max) position)
The maximum angle between the links and an imaginary
The minimum arm/linkage angle (  min)
horizontal line occurs at the maximum lifting height.
Considering the lifted position (Figure2) The minimum linkage angle between the links and an
imaginary horizontal line occurs at the minimum (dead)
height.
Considering the lowered position (Figure 3)

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Vol. 8 Issue 11, November-2019

 min = opposite/ hypotenuse Input parameters

Table I - Input parameters
−1
q/2
 min = sin   (4)
 l/2  S/N Component Symbol Value Unit
1 Max allowable load W 280 kg
−1
 90 / 2  2 Length of each scissor arm l 560 mm
= sin  
 560 / 2  3 Max. lift of the platform 1000 mm
4 Table platform dimensions LXB 1000 x 520 mm
 min = 9.250
Actuator placement For Load type 1
Figure 4, shows the actuator placement of scissor lift Reaction forces along the horizontal direction at the end of
machine. The scissor lift uses the linear motion from a
the first tier.
hydraulic actuator to produce large vertical displacement [3].
Several actuator constraints must be considered when EX = -HX = -GX = F = W = 2800
selecting a location. These constraints include the minimum 2 tan  2 tan 63.23
retracted length, maximum extended length, and maximum = 707.07N
available force. Constraints imposed by the lift include
strength of scissor members and space constraints imposed W
Horizontal force at the middle of the first tier = =
by the lift (and possibly by the payload). Proper actuator tan 
placement can significantly reduce the maximum force 2800
required of the actuator and also reduce the reaction forces at = 1414.14N
the lift joints [4]. tan 63.23
F WY 2800
For load type 2, force couple EY= = =
2 2 2
=1400N
Mz F Mz
FY = 1400N, F = , EY = =
l cos 2 l cos
Mz = 2 l cos X FY= 2x0.56cos63.23X1414.14
=713.37NM
Mz 713.3
CY = F = 2( ) or Cy= 2( )
l cos  0.56 cos 63.23
=2800N
CX = 0, EX = 0, FX = 0
For loading type (3)
F X= 0, CX = 0, CY = 0 and CZ = 0
MX
EY = -DY =
Fig.4. Actuator placement 2
Where b=52cm=0.52m, due to the symmetry of the system,
 = 100
FY = EY and GY = DY
l 560
= (5) Therefore MX = 2b X EY = 2X0.52x1400 = 1456Nm
8 8 Effort required raising the load
= 70 mm To determine how much force you need, simply look at the
0
X = lcos10 (6) angle of the pistons when the lift is collapsed. The force
0
= 560 x cos10 needed will be equal to the weight you want to raise times
X = 551mm (actuator placement) the sin of the piston angle [4].
Fmax = Wma x sin𝜃min
= (280X9.81) x sin9.25°
= 2746 X 0.61

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Vol. 8 Issue 11, November-2019

= 442N…….Effort required raising the load Generally, the machine can lift the recommended weight 272
kg easily because the hydraulic piston makes lifting a high
Table II - Results load easier and it does not have a disturbing sound.

Load
S/n Quantity Symbols Value Unit
type
Max. lift of scissor θ degr
1 63.23
arm ee
Vertical force at the EY,FY,H
700 N
end of first tier Y,GY
Load
Horizontal force at EX,FX,H
2 type 1 707.07 N
the end of first tier X,GX
Horizontal force at
CX 1414.14 N
middle of first tier
Vertical force at the EY,FY,H
1400 N
end of first tier Y,GY
Load
Horizontal force at EX,FX,H
3 type 2 0 N
the end of first tier X,GX
Fig.5. lifting test 1 (102kg)
Moment in the
MZ 713.37 Nm
z-direction in 1st tier
Vertical force at the EY,FY,H
1400 N
end of first tier Y,GY
Load
Horizontal force at EX,FX,H
4 type 3 0 N
the end of first tier X,GX
Moment in the
MX 1456 Nm
x-direction in 1st tier
Effort required to
5 442 N
raise the load

Strength and rigidity of the system

The reaction force for load type 1 & 2 are all in the x-y, and
are symmetric in the x-y plane. Because of this a cross
bracing is recommended between left and right side of the lift
to increase rigidity of the system. Reaction force from load
type 1 & 2 will completely unstressed cross bracing in the Fig.6. lifting test 2 (153kg)
left and right side of the system. It may be used for buckling
purpose. While load type 3 have a reaction force that may
stress cross bracing. In most application the scissor lift
operate on a level ground. In this application is the most
important significant load, although load type 2 and 3 may
also be present if the load at the top of the lift is not centered.
The type of load determines the type and the amount of
cross-bracing required. Load type 1 & 2 do not stress cross
bracing as is not too small but load type 3 affect cross
bracing. [4]

III. MACHINE TESTING AND RESULT

The scissor lifting machine is tested by lifting three different
weights (102, 153, 204 and 272 kg) in different heights. The
first weight it has lifted is 102kg and it lifts the weight Fig.7. lifting test 3 (204kg)
smoothly without any disturbance. Secondly, it is tested by
lifting 153kg; this weight has also been lifted without any
problem and thirdly it has tested lifting 204kg this weight
also been lifted without any problem and Finally, by lifting
272kg. Which are the recommended weight and the weight is
lifted smoothly with a higher effort than the 102kg and
153kg.

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REFERENCES
[1] Thorat, S.G., A.R. Chiddarwar, and S.P. Prustyϯ, Design and
Construction of Hydraulic Scissor Lift. 2017.
[2] Momin, G.G., et al., Design, manufacturing & analysis of
hydraulic scissor lift. International Journal of Engineering
Research and General Science, 2015. 3(2 Part 2).
[3] Lee, S.-w., O. Kwon, and K.-H. Rim, Analysis and design of
long-stroke linear actuators. Journal of Mechanical Science and
Technology, 2014. 28(8): p. 3197-3202.
[4] Spackman, H., Mathematical Analysis of Scissor Lifts. 1989,
NAVAL OCEAN SYSTEMS CENTER SAN DIEGO CA.
[5] Doli Rani, Nitin Agarwa land Vineet Tirth. Design and
Fabrication of Hydraulic Scissor Lift. MIT International Journal
of Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 5, No. 2, August 2015, pp.
81-87 ISSN 2230-7680 © MIT Publications.

Fig.8. lifting engine test 4 (270 kg)

IV. CONCLUSION
The design and fabrication of a portable work platform
elevated by one hydraulic cylinder was carried out
effectively meeting the necessary design criteria. The double
scissors lift elevated by one hydraulic cylinder is operated by
the pedal. The scissor lift can be design for average load,
because the higher the load the higher the effort required [2].
The hydraulic scissor lift is easy in use and does not required
tedious repairs. It can also lift heavier loads. For the given
dimensions the scissor lift can high a load up to 280 kg to the
height of 1000mm. Hence, its extensive application in
industries, hydraulic pressure system, for lifting of vehicle in
garages, maintenance of huge machines, and for staking
purpose.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I would like to appreciate the following: For my advisor
Professor Yanshuang Wang for fruitful comments of the
paper; Assistant professor Habtamu Beri for helpful
comments at several stages of this study.

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