Trinity Preparatory School 2006-2007 Course Descriptions

Revised 2/1/06

COMPUTER In our ever-changing world, knowledge in computer science has become a necessity. The goal of the department is to provide each student the opportunity to develop his/her skills in word processing, spreadsheets, presentation formats, programming, web design, and multimedia by providing courses that are current in today's society. All Trinity students are required to complete Computer I, which introduces them to the basic concepts of Microsoft Office: Word, Excel, and PowerPoint. This course provides the basic skills required to complete projects for all subject areas at Trinity. A sequential development in the programming courses allows students to maintain competency with current programming trends. In the programming field, students may elect to take Programming I and II JAVA, Hon Programming C++, and AP JAVA. Due to changes at the College Board Level, Programming I and II became JAVA starting with the 2003-2004 school year. Students with interest in media develop skills in web design, animation, digital video, and sound. Programs such as Macromedia Dreamweaver MX, Adobe Photoshop, Sound Recorder, Macromedia Director, and Adobe Premiere Pro provide a foundation for artistically oriented students. 859. Computer I (semester) This introductory project-based course builds keyboard and word processing skills with emphasis on personal and manuscript papers. A major objective is to assist students in using word processing both for producing and for correcting and revising papers and essays assigned in other courses. Students complete a semester project (with the aid of on-line internet research) requiring the full use of word processing, spreadsheets, databases, and power point. Required for graduation and may be taken from grades 7-12. 860. Computers: Multimedia I (semester) Students in Upper School learn how to use many of the tools for developing multimedia. In the first portion of the course students will work with web design software and Photoshop to create websites. In the second portion, students learn to develop animation using Macromedia Director and Sound Forge. Students will participate in integrated projects, develop an educational training site, and learn to create animation. Prerequisite: Computer I. 861. Computers: Multimedia II (semester) Students in Upper School learn how to use many of the tools for developing multimedia sound, images, animation and movie clips through specified up-to-date media software. Students using Macromedia Director and Adobe Premiere Pro learn how to edit video, use blue screen technology, and create media presentations. Students are also instructed on developing a media project through storyboarding, record keeping, lighting, and use of the digital video camera. Prerequisite: Multimedia I. 862. Advanced Animation (semester) Students in Upper School learn how to develop advanced animation techniques. The class will incorporate cut out animation, stop action, object animation, lip synch, and sound. Students will develop project ideas and produce short films. Prerequisite: Multimedia I and II and Visual Foundations (course #630 or #631). 864. Introduction to Computer Programming (spring semester - grade 7 and 8) Students are introduced to the basic elements of the programming language JAVA such as hardware vs. software and use of existing methods to create graphical images. There will be an introduction to variables, constants, selection structures, iteration structures, and file processing. Students learn how to write objectoriented programs as individuals and in groups. Coding and testing requires a high degree of interaction with the computer. This course is designed for math levels that have been attained by these grades. Prerequisite: Computer I.

865. Computer Programming I (semester) Students are introduced to the basic elements of the programming language JAVA such as hardware vs. software, variables, constants, selection structures, iteration structures, and file processing. Students learn how to write object-oriented programs as individuals and in groups. Coding and testing requires a high degree of interaction with the computer. Prerequisite: Computer I. 866. Computer Programming II (semester) Students continue from Programming I by adding advanced JAVA features such as structures, matrices, vectors, and binary searches with sequential access files. The students will also learn how to pick the most sufficient solution for their computer problems. Random access files will be discussed in depth but not addressed in a practical form. This course also prepares students for the challenging AP JAVA course. Prerequisite: Computer Programming I. 867. Graphics I (semester) Students will write original source code using the JAVA programming language to create geometric shapes, charts from data, detect and respond to mouse events, manipulate fonts, and implement new graphics classes. They will also learn to use existing methods to create and manipulate graphical images and their surroundings. There will be an introduction to variables, constants, selection structures, and iteration structures. Students learn how to write object-oriented programs as individuals and in groups. Prerequisite: Computer I 868. Graphic II (semester) In this class students will continue expanding their knowledge of geometric shapes, charts from data, detect and respond to mouse events, manipulate fonts, and implement new graphics classes on a higher level. Projects that will require the use of existing knowledge will be assigned and students will be required to use their organizational skills to meet deadlines. Animation and html will be covered to the extent that will lead into the web design course offered. There will be an introduction to file processing and the execution of swing comments. Prerequisite: Graphics I 778. AP JAVA This advanced full-year elective course includes a study of programming methodology, algorithms, pure object-oriented programming, and computer platforms. The students will specifically study the differences in programming styles and syntax between JAVA and C++. Students are given a real-world problem to solve by breaking it down, writing the methodology, and learning to work as a team to complete a large project. Students learn to read existing code and make changes to create a more efficient end-user product. Prerequisite: B+ in Computer Programming I and II and permission of the instructor. 870. Honors Computer Programming C++ This advanced full-year elective course includes a study of programming methodology, algorithms, pure object-oriented programming, and computer platforms. The students will specifically study the differences in programming styles and syntax between JAVA and C++. Students are given a real-world problem to solve by breaking it down, writing the methodology, and learning to work as a team to complete a large project. Students learn to read existing code and make changes to create a more efficient end-user product. Prerequisite: B+ in AP JAVA and permission of the instructor. ENGLISH English courses have three main objectives: to develop the capacity for both expository and imaginative writing, to increase the students' understanding of literature, and to encourage critical thinking and analysis. English is required of all students each year. The curriculum is developmental and sequential, allowing students to progress from simple sentence structure and syntax in Middle School to a complex and articulate use of language in Upper School. Students are introduced to much of the world's great literature with selections chosen from all genres to

acquaint students with works from many nations. Research techniques are adapted to each grade level, and students learn the skills of library research and literary criticism. 106. English 6 Sixth-grade English incorporates the study of literature, vocabulary, grammar, and writing. Basic reading comprehension skills are honed through the reading of short stories, poetry, essays, and novels. Critical reading and thinking skills are developed through class discussions of these works. Vocabulary skills are expanded through the study of words found in the literature read, as well as from a vocabulary text. Basic grammar, upon which subsequent English classes build, is introduced. This study includes sentence structure, usage, punctuation, and parts of speech. The writing component of the class is an important one, introducing the principles of good writing and providing numerous opportunities for students to write. The writing process is stressed as students begin learning proofreading and rewriting techniques. Interdisciplinary writing is also a part of the program as students write in the content areas of science and history, applying skills learned in English class. 107. English 7 Seventh-grade English is an interdisciplinary course taught in conjunction with seventh-grade U.S. history and includes art, music, and philosophy. Major genres of literature include the novel, drama, poetry, essay, and the short story. Students learn vocabulary through literature as well as the vocabulary text. They study sentence structure, usage, and punctuation and are expected to apply these skills in their writing. The writing process is emphasized, and students submit pre-writing and several drafts with formal papers. They engage in portfolio and journal writing and write response journals each quarter for their outside reading. 108. English 8 Beginning with a unit on short stories, English 8 deepens and further develops the students' critical vocabulary as they study the elements of the literature, with emphasis on plot structure, point of view, symbolism, and allegory. Major literary selections include Romeo and Juliet, The Old Man and the Sea, Of Mice and Men, The Merchant of Venice, The Catcher in the Rye, Animal Farm, and To Kill a Mockingbird. Writing assignments include journal entries, reaction papers, argumentative writing, and short stories. Critical and analytical essays involve multi-step development of a thesis supported and developed by examples, details, and reasoning. Themes include justice, identity, prejudice, and the courage needed to make moral choices. 109. Honors English 9 Ninth-grade English complements "Honors World History to 1700," and includes the major art, architecture, music, and ideas of this era. Works studied were either written during this time period or are about the culture being studied. Major genres include the novel, drama, poetry, and the essay. Grammar is learned through written assignments, with special emphasis on sentence variety and common grammatical errors. Process and portfolio writing, especially the five-paragraph essay format as the foundation for future analytical and research writing in later years, is integral. Students also develop their public speaking skills and increase their confidence in front of an audience by performing informative, persuasive, and interpretative speeches. 110. Honors English 10 This course complements Honors World and American History 1700-1900 and includes the major art, architecture, music, and ideas of this era. Representative American and British literature as well as literature from other cultures either written during or written about the period is studied. Writing focuses on critical thinking, literary analysis, reading response, and modeling. Students write both personal and analytical papers of varying lengths, correlating historical and social principles and specific themes with the literature they read. During the process they expand their vocabularies, refine their writing skills, and find relevancy in what they read. Fall semester includes reviews of vocabulary and test-taking strategies, including multiple sample tests, in preparation for the PSAT. 111. Honors English 11 Concentrating on the 20th century, the English 11 curriculum continues to complement what students are learning in their history courses. Knowledge of the literature of this time period is enriched by

supplementary studies of art, music, theatre, motion pictures, and major inventions of the past 100 years. Literature is both traditional and multi-cultural in scope. Writing focuses on formal explication of shorter works and formal essays relating to issues attending the longer works, as well as informal daily writing. Students write personal essays in preparation for the college essay. Fall semester includes reviews of vocabulary, test-taking strategies, and multiple choice tests in preparation for the critical reading and writing portions of the PSAT and SAT. 115. AP Language and Composition (for juniors only) This course is designed for juniors with exceptional verbal ability. Covering most of the works studied in English 11, it also includes additional works from the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries. The accelerated pace of reading includes novels, poetry, drama, short stories, and essays. Students write on a variety of topics including but not limited to the literature studied in class. Grammar, mechanics, and style are emphasized, and students take the AP Language and Composition examination in May. Prerequisite: B+ or better in previous English course. There will be no appeals process for students who do not meet the grade prerequisite. AP Language and Composition is not a prerequisite for AP Literature and Composition. 112. Honors English 12 Senior English offers a different approach to literature than previous years because it focuses less on a specific chronological period and more on examining different genres of literature. In the fall semester, the class studies the genres of comedy and tragedy in drama, focusing mainly on the works of Shakespeare. In the spring, students will study two additional genres of literature: autobiography and detective fiction. One of the main objectives of Senior English is to build a bridge between high school level work and college. Analytical reading and writing remain an integral part of the curriculum, but students will be asked to expand their repertoire of writing modes to reflect those that occur in many of the college Freshman Composition courses. Students also develop their writing skills by paying particular attention to style, diction, and grammar. 114. AP Literature and Composition Fall semester begins with discussion and writing about two 20th-century novels assigned as summer reading followed by an in-depth study of five plays: four by Shakespeare and one by another significant playwright. Also included are a survey of critical approaches, projects involving works of short fiction and selected schools of poetry, and critical papers on longer works. During spring semester, students explore 19th and 20th century works--reading, thinking, and writing critically as they prepare and practice for the AP exam. This college-level course involves challenging material and assignments. Prerequisite: B+ or better in previous English course. There will be no appeals process for students who do not meet the grade prerequisite. 120. Journalism/Newspaper Students learn the techniques and obligations of journalism writing. With emphasis on principles of journalism, ethics, standards, and styles, students learn how to plan assignments, meet deadlines, and accept and/or give editing advice. Members of the class publish The Trinity Voice. Prerequisite: A or B in all previous English classes and demonstrated ability to work independently. Newspaper adviser approval is required. 121. Yearbook The yearbook staff plans, produces, and distributes a well-designed and accurate yearbook to the Trinity community. Students learn skills that are in high demand in the workplace: writing, analysis, organization, communications, photography, desktop publishing, computer graphics, and leadership skills.

FINE ARTS "In the beginning God created the heavens and the earthand on the sixth day he made man after his own image." Genesis 1 "To be creative is to be human." Unknown The Fine Arts Department approaches each student grounded in the belief that everyone has a fundamental and insatiable urge to create. In order to guide the student to a full expression of that urge, we offer opportunities for exploration of the disciplines and their potential to communicate the truth of the human spirit. Through ongoing study and application of their craft, the students begin to hone their artistic skills as they seek to elevate their capacity for creative expression. Due to the diversity of disciplines within the Fine Arts Department, students are urged to consult with the instructors of the course(s) they are considering. Many courses require the instructor's permission. 606. Fine Arts 6 (full year; rotating quarters) Sixth grade classes focus on the basic skills and introductory concepts in art, music, computer, and theatre. Students participate in and observe various aspects of the arts through interdisciplinary ventures, field trips, productions, art shows, and classroom projects. Creative Writing 614. Creative Writing 8 (semester) This fine art course for eighth graders includes publishing a Middle School literary magazine and creating a personal anthology of poems and short stories. Class limited to 12 students. 125/126. Writing Workshops I and II (semester) Writing Workshops I and II are designed for Upper School students as intensive experiences in the creative-writing process. The emphasis is on creativity and craft. Workshop participants will be engaged in a variety of writing strategies, all designed to trigger and promote the imaginative process with respect to poetry, the personal essay, memoir, and short fiction. Because prose and poetry are divided into separate courses, students may take both writing workshops in succession for a full-year credit. Class structure focuses on immersion in all phases of the writing process (e.g. brainstorming, drafting, peer/instructor feedback, editing, and revision). Round-table group workshops of selections from each writers work allows for a diversity of important feedback and constructive criticism that promotes taking a manuscript to a higher, more polished level of completion, and assigned readings of the literary masters serve as informative and instructional models for student pieces. Although Writing Workshop I focuses on literary prose and Writing Workshop II on poetry, students have opportunities to concentrate their efforts within the genre of their particular interest. By semesters end, each student will have a finished portfolio of original work. Workshops limited to 15 students. Photography 665. Photography I (semester) Students become proficient in taking, developing, and printing black and white photographs. Emphasis is on the rigid rules of an exacting craft as well as on the imaginative freedom inherent in an expressive and creative visual medium. Subjects covered include camera care and operation; principles of composition, proper exposure, cropping, and image evaluation; black and white film processing and printing; safe handling of chemicals; and care of equipment. Students will supply their own 35mm SLR camera. Open to students in grades 10-12. 666. Photography II (semester) Students continue to build on skills learned in Photography I. Darkroom skills are refined and polished. Time is spent on learning advanced photographic techniques involving creative use of shutter speed,

aperture, creative composition and point of view, and alternate image presentation modes. A history component will familiarize students with the history of photography. Prerequisite: Photography I Photography III Students who have successfully completed Photography I and II may choose from the following offerings of single-semester Photography III tracks. These classes meet during the same period but follow different tracks. Space is limited in each track. Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor 645. Experimental (spring semester) Students will explore non-traditional photo image reproduction and presentation. 646. Photojournalism (semester) Students shoot assignments for the newspaper and yearbook, as well as assignments that will build a portfolio in photographic news coverage. 648. Digital (semester) Students work entirely in digital imagery. Each student will supply his/her own digital camera and will learn image capture and manipulation in Photoshop. Theatre 609. Theatre 7 (semester) Seventh graders learn and develop their acting abilities through mime, pantomime, improvisation, voice and diction work, scenes, and monologues. Students are required to attend live theatre performances. 612. Theatre 8 (semester) Eighth graders learn and develop their acting abilities through mime, improvisation, timed writing, voice and diction work, scenes, and monologues. Students begin to do character analysis work and rehearse and perform traditional scenes and monologues in the classroom. Experiencing live theatre is an integral part of this course. 615. The Art in Pop Culture: Finding Meaning in the Madness (fall semester) What is the meaning and message in our societys current artistic expression? By treating current literature, theatre, film and television as art, this course will challenge the student to examine culture and society from an artistic vantage point, delving into and exploring the conscious and unconscious messages and thoughts inherent in our current media climate. Students should be prepared to write weekly papers and participate in lively classroom discussions. Through a sampling of current literature, film, theatre, and television, students will begin to awaken a discerning eye toward the constant barrage of societys media frenzy. Through timed writings, theatre, and performance art, they will hone their response. Open to students in grades 9-12. 620. Theatre I (fall semester) Upper School students embark on a journey through World Theater starting with the Greeks and ending with the political theatre of Brecht. During the course of each play, different aspects of theatre (language, character, design, direction) are explored in individual and group creative projects. Experiencing live theatre is an integral part of this course. 677. Theatre II (spring semester) Upper School students continue their exploration of theatre beginning with unarmed stage combat, moving through and introductory exploration of Commedia DellArte and into a study of American theatre. The course concludes with an exploration of American social pro-active/documentary style of theatre and playwriting. Experiencing live theatre is an integral part of this course. Prerequisite: Theatre I or permission of the instructor.

621. Advanced Acting I (fall semester) Advanced students work on vocal development using Linklater techniques, exploring and increasing their emotional range, and college level text analysis. Through the use of IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet), students learn to standardize their pronunciation of American English. The necessary skills to perform Shakespeare are introduced. Experiencing live theatre and auditioning is an integral part of this course. Prerequisite: Theatre I, II, or permission of the instructor. 622. Advanced Acting II (spring semester) As continuation of Advanced Acting I, students continue their exploration of Shakespeares characters and language moving onto an in-depth study of Commedia DellArte (Italian street theatre) and the comedic style of Moliere. Socially active theatre is explored through The Living Newspaper Project and IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) is reviewed when students learn a standard British dialect. Experiencing live theatre and auditioning is an integral part of this course. Prerequisite: Advanced Acting I, no exceptions. 682/683. Technical Theatre I and II (fall and spring semester) Students in this Upper School course are the creative force behind all the physical aspects of the department's productions. They will design, create, and assist with all productions on the Trinity stage. 623. Musical Theatre (spring semester) This course is performance-based with an emphasis on putting together a showcase at our annual Fine Arts Day. It surveys the history of American musical theatre and gives the student an opportunity to learn choreography and songs. 617. Performance (spring semester) The primary focus of this class is the technical and emotional skills needed to perform the works of William Shakespeare with a secondary focus on The Tempest. In addition to preparing all the aspects of the production for an April run (acting, stage management, costumes, set, lights, sound, poster, program, ad sales), this class will also focus on an in depth exploration of character, plot, and Shakespearian text. Students will not only explore the writings of William Shakespeare, but also study the history, culture, mores, and language of the Elizabethan period. An audition is required, however not all cast members are required to take this class. Prerequisite: Audition/Tech interview in November 2006. No previous theatre classes or experience needed. 618. Master Class (fall and spring semester) Upper School students may elect to take this independent study class upon permission of the instructor. They may choose their own focusperformance, direction, playwriting, or a combination of these three. The focus of their semesters work will be determined by instructor/student conference and will culminate in a theatrical production. Prerequisite: Advanced Acting I and II or permission of the instructor. 679. Stage Combat (spring semester) A specialized class for the focused theatre student who wishes to learn the basics of stage combat with an emphasis on unarmed combat. Quarterstaff and single-handed Broadsword will be introduced according to student ability level. Students will learn to notate and reproduce the combat of other choreographers as well as create their own unique choreography. Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. Art 607. Art 7 (semester) In this course, seventh graders explore with many tools and materials used in artistic expression. Within a cultural and historical framework, they sculpt, draw, paint, and work with clay. 611. Art 8 (semester) Eighth graders explore more advanced techniques and materials used in artistic expression. Within a cultural and historical framework, they sculpt, draw, paint, and work with clay.

610. Art 8: Ceramics (semester) Ceramic students will learn traditional skills including hand building, wheel throwing, surface decoration, glazing, and firing. Students will work on individual and group projects while studying historical and contemporary examples of pottery from various cultures. Prerequisite: Art 7 and permission of the instructor. Class size limited to 14. 630. Visual Foundations: Ancient Art through 15th Century (semester) This Upper School course covers the time periods of art history while exploring the methods and materials of drawing, painting, and three-dimensional art. The student will become familiar with a variety of materials and techniques. Visual Foundations (course #630 or #631) is required for students who plan to continue to the advanced-level courses of Painting, Drawing, or 3-D. 631. Visual Foundations: 15th Century through Modern Art (semester) This Upper School course covers the time periods of art including European and Modern Art. It includes an exploration of materials and techniques of both two- and three-dimensional art. Visual Foundations (course #630 or #631) is required for students who plan to continue to the advanced-level courses of Painting, Drawing, or 3-D. 633. Drawing I (fall semester) This course teaches the basics of drawing and the art of seeing. It will cover a variety of methods of drawing and rendering in pencil, pen, ink, watercolor, and pastels. Prerequisite: Visual Foundations. 639. Drawing II (spring semester) Intermediate- to advanced-level drawing assignments in charcoal, pencil, ink, pastels, and more are included. The course may be taken more than once. Prerequisite: Drawing I or permission of the instructor. 632. Painting (spring semester) Beginning- to intermediate-level painting assignments using watercolor, acrylics, oils, pastels, and more are included. Study of color is emphasized in this course. The course may be taken more than once. Prerequisite: Drawing I or permission of the instructor. 634. Sculpture (fall semester) Intermediate- to advanced-level sculpture assignments using wood, wire, clay, plaster, stone mixtures, and more are included. The course may be taken more than once. Prerequisite: Visual Foundations. 635. Pottery I (fall semester) This course teaches the fundamentals of hand building, wheel throwing, and glaze techniques. Prerequisite: Visual Foundations. 638. Pottery II (spring semester) Advanced-level assignments in hand building, wheel throwing, and glaze techniques are included. This course may be taken more than once. Prerequisite: Pottery I. 664. Portfolio Development (semester) This course is designed for the serious art student who wishes to create a portfolio for college or to develop one section of the AP Studio Art portfolio without submitting it to the College Board for grading. Offered at the same time as AP Studio Art, students create works that demonstrate broad experience and accomplishment or works organized around a compelling visual concept. Prerequisite: Four semesters of art classes, which can include one semester of photography, and permission of the instructor. 637. AP Studio Art (2-D, 3-D, and Photography) This course requires advanced skills and a strong work ethic. Assignments include a combination of specific design assignments and self-directed projects. Submission of a portfolio of thirty or more works of art is required for completion of an AP portfolio. For a detailed description of the course, students should

speak with the instructor. Prerequisite: Four semesters of art classes, which can include one semester of photography, and permission of the instructor. One semester of drawing is recommended. Vocal Music 628. Middle School Chorus Middle School Chorus is a full-year, daily ensemble class in which the primary focus is the preparation of music for public performance. Students learn to practice good rehearsal etiquette, to read music, and to execute the fundamentals of proper singing, such as breathing, vowel formation, and tone production. Music of various genres will be explored. 686. Vocal Society Vocal Society is a full-year, daily ensemble class which explores the art of small ensemble and choral singing. The primary goal of this course is the preparation of music for public performance. Students learn to practice good rehearsal etiquette, to read music, and to execute the fundamentals of proper singing, such as breathing, tone production, and vowel formation. Music of various genres is explored. Instrumental Music 695. Strings I Strings I introduces the beginning-level string student to the many aspects of ensemble rehearsal and performance. The violin, viola, cello, and string bass are introduced, and each student can explore the various characteristics of the string instruments. Fundamental concepts of rhythm, music theory, sightreading, and ear training are discussed and demonstrated on a daily basis. A planned sequence of appropriate pedagogical materials and repertoire are explored through daily rehearsal and performance. 698. Intermediate Strings II Strings II is an interactive exploration of the wealth of masterpieces composed for string orchestra. Music of diverse musical styles is introduced, rehearsed, and performed on a regular basis. Fundamental concepts of music theory and relevant aspects of music history are presented daily. Students gain an essential perspective on the performance practice of music during the Baroque, Classical, Romantic, and Contemporary periods. Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. 680. Intermediate Strings III Strings III is a continuation of the skills developed in Strings II. Designed for the intermediate player, this course prepares the student for the rigors of Advanced Strings IV, with particular emphasis on ensembleship. Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. 681. Advanced Strings IV Building on the foundations laid in Strings III, this ensemble is designed to expand the musical, technical, and aesthetic awareness of an experienced string student. The ensemble performs frequently throughout the school year, on and off campus. Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. 678. Advanced Strings V Building on the foundations laid in Strings IV, this ensemble is designed to expand the musical, technical, and aesthetic awareness of an experienced string student. The ensemble performs frequently throughout the school year, on and off campus. Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. 691. Beginning Band This ensemble is open to Middle School students who have had no prior experience playing a band instrument. With the aid of the instructor, students choose an instrument and selected students are allowed to switch to percussion by the end of the first quarter. The emphasis of this class is to develop solid fundamentals, i.e. posture, embouchure, hand positions, breathing, and listening skills. Concepts of rhythm, music theory, sight-reading, and ear training are discussed and demonstrated on a daily basis. A planned sequence of appropriate pedagogical materials and repertoire is explored through daily rehearsal

and performance. Private study is strongly encouraged, and twenty minutes per day of home practice is expected. 692. Concert Band This ensemble is designed for the Middle School musician who has had at least one year of experience on his/her instrument. Fundamental concepts of rhythm, music theory, sight-reading, and ear training continue to be discussed and demonstrated on a daily basis. Concepts of ensemble balance and blend are introduced. Concert band meets every school day and performs several times throughout the year. Opportunities for solo and chamber performance are provided outside of the class time. Private lessons are strongly encouraged, and thirty minutes per day of home practice is required. Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. 675. Wind Ensemble This ensemble is designed for the Upper School musician who has demonstrated a solid command of the fundamentals on his/her instrument. Fundamental concepts of rhythm, music theory, sight-reading, and ear training continue to be discussed and developed on a daily basis. Private lessons are strongly encouraged, and thirty minutes per day of home practice is required. Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. 694. Jazz Band This ensemble is designed for Middle School and Upper School students who desire to examine the distinct style of jazz. Fundamental concepts of rhythm, music theory, sight-reading, and ear training continue to be discussed and developed. Students will be exposed to swing, be-bop, blues, and jazz rock forms. Students are also exposed to principles leading toward good improvisational skills. Students will attend one sectional rehearsal and two full rehearsals each week and receive .5 credit for the school year. Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. 689. AP Music Theory - Composition This course is designed for the serious musician who intends to pursue music at the college level. Skills learned include realizing figured bass, harmonizing given melodies, sight singing, and four-part chorale writing. For a detailed description of the course, students should speak with the instructor. Prerequisite: Score of 70% on the entrance exam. Forensics/Speech 613. Speech 8 (semester) This introductory course in public speaking for eighth graders focuses on informative and persuasive speeches as well as on oral interpretation of literature. Students learn effective structures, logical support, and valid evidence. While performance and listening skills are the primary goals of the course, stage fright, body language, and gestures are discussed. 640/ 641. Forensics I and II (semester courses) Upper School students learn the techniques required for successful competition in forensics speaking. In these semester courses, emphasis is on all three areas of competition: debate, public address, and dramatic interpretation. Students are encouraged, but not required, to attend regional- and local-level competitions to fine-tune their skills. 642. Forensics III Students learn the techniques required to win at the national level in forensics competition. They may choose areas of expertise to explore in depth, and independent study is encouraged. Competition at the local, regional, and national levels is required. Prerequisite: Forensics I or II. 643. Forensics IV A continuation of the independent study program, this course requires students to participate in nationallevel competition. Multiple-eventing is also required at this level. Prerequisite: Forensics III.

644. Forensics V A continuation of the independent study program, this course requires students to participate in nationallevel competition. Multiple-eventing is also required at this level. Prerequisite: Forensics IV. FOREIGN LANGUAGE Trinity's minimum foreign language requirement for graduation is two consecutive years of one language and continuous language study through the sophomore year. Three consecutive years of one language is recommended; the most competitive colleges prefer four years. Very strong language students could graduate with sequential language study through 5 or 6 years and AP courses in two languages. Students who change or add a second language are required to take a minimum of two years of the new language. Students who do not meet the grade prerequisite for a course may initiate an appeals process which includes 1) recommendation from previous foreign language teacher, 2) department chair meeting with principal to evaluate students overall academic performance, and 3) final decision made by department chair and principal. 201. French IA In this introduction to French language and culture, students master elementary concepts of basic vocabulary and grammar through reading, writing, and listening activities. Cultural and linguistic elements are enriched through projects, games, and songs. Emphasis is placed on the development of oral proficiency through group and individual work. Open to students in grades 6 and 7. 202. French IB In this continuation of French IA, students build on their skills and appreciation of French. Upon successful completion of French IB, students enroll in French II. Open to students in grades 7 and 8 who have completed French IA. 203. French I In this introduction to French language and culture, students master elementary concepts of basic vocabulary and grammar through listening, speaking, reading, and writing activities. Oral proficiency, a major component of the course, is developed and strengthened through frequent oral presentations. Open to students in grades 8 and above. 204. French II Both oral and written aspects of the French language are equally emphasized to promote a balanced proficiency. Cultural study includes specific lessons about France. Open to students in grades 8 and above. 206. French III This continuation of French strengthens and develops skills learned in French I and II. Oral aspects are again emphasized and the vocabulary base broadened. Syntax continues to be stressed, and its application is demonstrated through frequent compositions. 207. Honors French III This course is designed for students who, during their level II academic year, have consistently shown superior skills in both the written and the oral aspect of the French language. The textbook used is Discovering French Level III. The course continues the acquisition of vocabulary, grammar, and cultural aspects of French life. Oral presentations, as in the previous levels, play a significant role in the development of oral proficiency. Frequent compositions are assigned throughout the year. The painting of Monet and the Impressionistic movement are studied. Students are also introduced to the poetry of Victor Hugo. Prerequisite: B+ in French II and permission of the instructor.

230. French IV Designed to serve as a transition from the study of language to the study of literature, this course introduces students to 20th-century literature. Students read a wide variety of short stories and poems written in contemporary French. Frequent compositions and oral presentations are part of the course and grammar is reviewed. Cultural study includes the geography and the history of France. 233. Honors Pre-AP French IV Designed to serve as a transition from the study of language to the study of literature, this course is geared to students who have demonstrated the ability to express themselves well in oral and written forms. They read and discuss a variety of French authors and genres from various periods including Le Petit Prince. Students analyze the poetry of Paul Verlaine; they discover the music of Claude Debussy and the painting of Antoine Watteau. Medieval literature through the Lais of Marie de France is studied during the second semester. Students learn to speak accurately and confidently. Frequent oral presentations and compositions are assigned throughout the year. Prerequisite: B+ in French III or French IV and permission of the instructor. 231. French V This course is designed for all French IV students who desire to continue their apprenticeship of the French language, grammar, and culture. Oral proficiency will be given strong emphasis through the use of frequent oral presentations. Written competence will be strengthened through the continuous study of grammar and periodic written compositions. The history of France is emphasized. Prerequisite: French IV or Honors Pre-AP French IV. 208. AP French Language The objectives are understanding French in various conversational situations; development of vocabulary for reading a variety of non-technical writings without dependence on a dictionary; and ability to express oneself in French accurately and resourcefully, both in speaking and in writing. French literature is studied in preparation for the AP French Literature course, completed the following year. The text is Maupassant's Pierre et Jean; the poetry is that of Baudelaire. Prerequisite: B+ in Honors Pre-AP French IV and permission of the instructor. 209. AP French Literature Offered to students who have successfully completed the AP Language exam, this course is equivalent to a junior-level college-survey course in literature. Its content focuses on the plays of Moliere et Giraudoux; the novels of Laye, Maupassant, and Voltaire; and the poetry of Apollinaire, Baudelaire, Du Bellay, Hebert, Labe, and La Fontaine. The required works determined by the College Board may be subject to change. Selections from each genre are chosen for additional reading. The goal is to teach students to read, analyze, and understand French literary texts with particular attention to character and theme as well as structure and style. Prerequisite: Permission of the AP instructor. 210. Latin IA In this introduction to the language and culture of the Roman world, students acquire the skills needed to read and use Latin as soon as possible. The study of English derivatives based on Latin vocabulary is an important element of the class. Open to students in grades 6 and 7. 211. Latin IB In this continuation of Latin IA, students are introduced to more sophisticated sentence patterns and grammatical concepts are reinforced and augmented. In addition to new Latin vocabulary, students expand their English vocabulary through the study of derivatives. Upon successful completion of Latin IB, students enroll in Latin II. Open to students in grades 7 and 8 who have completed Latin IA. 212. Latin I Students are introduced to the language and culture of the Roman world and learn basic grammatical concepts and terminology. In addition to Latin vocabulary, students expand their English vocabulary through the study of derivatives. Students develop the skills needed to read Latin immediately. Open to students in grades 8 and above.

213. Latin II Students learn more sophisticated sentence patterns and grammatical concepts. They expand their knowledge of Latin vocabulary, English derivatives, and Roman culture. Open to students in grades 8 and above with recommendation of current instructor and completion of Latin I. 257. Honors Latin III This course completes the introductory curriculum and refines and reviews knowledge of grammar and vocabulary from previous years. Students translate original Latin authors, both prose writers and poets, for the first time; they are introduced to Latin meter, scansion, and poetic devices. The Latin authors are presented within historical context. Derivative work continues. Prerequisite: Recommendation of current instructor and completion of Latin II. 258. Honors Latin IV Students read only original authors, some of whom are part of, and, thus, good preparation for the AP curriculum. There will be selections from the following authors: Sallust/Cicero, Ovid, Vergil, Catullus/Horace, or Plautus. Grammar is reviewed and tested within the literary contexts. There is study of more diverse meters and poetic devices. The historical backgrounds are discussed. Prerequisite: Recommendation of current instructor and completion of Latin III. 216. AP Latin (Vergil) Students study Vergil's Aeneid. The syllabus is determined by the College Board AP Latin Committee, and students prepare for the national examination in May. Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor; student must have a B+ or above in Honors Latin IV. 217. AP Latin Literature Students study the poetry of Catullus and of a second author. The syllabus is determined by the College Board AP Latin Committee, and students prepare for the national examination in May. Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor; student must have a B+ or above in Honors Latin IV. 220. Spanish IA In this introductory Spanish course, students develop the four skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing. They learn about Hispanic culture. Oral proficiency is emphasized through group and individual work. Cultural and linguistic elements are enriched with projects, games, and songs. Open to students in grades 6 and 7. 221. Spanish IB This course continues the skills and mastery developed in Spanish IA and is designed to build on oral and written skills and appreciation of Spanish. Upon successful completion of Spanish IB, students enroll in Spanish II. Open to students in grades 7 and 8 who have completed Spanish IA. 222. Spanish I This introductory course is for students with no prior knowledge of the language. Students learn how to listen and speak in Spanish. From the first day of class, students are exposed to a variety of authentic materials. Students practice conversation in small groups. During the second semester more emphasis is given to reading and writing skills. Open to students in grades 8 and above. 223. Spanish II This course builds oral proficiency, increases reading comprehension, and improves writing skills. Students acquire an appreciation of the customs and traditions of Hispanic cultures in Latin America and Spain. Speaking Spanish at all times is required. Open to students in grades 8 and above. 225. Spanish III This course focuses on everyday communication and prepares the student to use the language appropriately in a variety of situations and contexts, both in speech and writing. The skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing are taught through the study of a wide range of materials. This class is conducted entirely in Spanish, and students are expected to participate in class discussions and to speak Spanish at all

times in order to increase oral proficiency. The course includes an overview of Latin American culture and geography as well as insights into the culture of Spain. 226. Honors Spanish III This course focuses on enhancement of listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills through a variety of authentic materials and internet resources. This course includes an overview of Latin American culture and geography as well as insights into the culture of Spain. Study of advanced grammar structures complements an increased emphasis on composition writing. The class is conducted entirely in Spanish, and students are expected to participate in class discussions and to speak Spanish at all times in order to increase oral proficiency. Students are encouraged to follow the honors sequence leading to AP language and literature. Prerequisite: B+ in Spanish II and permission of the instructor. 227. Spanish IV Enrichment activities using a variety of media communication furthers proficiency in the four skill areas of listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Students read selected works by Spanish and Hispanic contemporary writers and continue a review of the grammatical points and verb tenses presented in Spanish III. Speaking Spanish at all times is required. A hand-held recorder is required for three tests during the year. Prerequisite: Spanish III. 234. Honors Pre-AP Spanish IV This intensive course is a continuation of Honors Spanish III and is designed to prepare students for the Advanced Placement Spanish Language examination. It focuses on strengthening all four language skills according to the Advanced Placement guidelines. Supplemental reading, writing, and speaking activities are included, as well as discussions and analyses. Prerequisite: B+ in Honors Spanish III or Spanish IV and permission of the instructor. 237. Advanced Spanish Conversation and Culture of Hispanoamerica This course is designed to provide students with the opportunity to practice the language through discussion of selected films and topics of interest. The course will provide students with the fundamental concepts of discourse analysis applied to culture and cinematography. The course will enable students to better understand Hispanic cultures as reflected in its cinema through the study of fundamental concepts of analysis, and to enrich students understanding of Hispanic cultures as expressed in literary readings and on screen, as well as to prepare students to express fluently their opinions, ideas, points of view, and criticism on readings and films. Prerequisite: Spanish IV, Hon Pre-AP Spanish IV, or Advanced Spanish Conversation and Culture of Spain. 228. AP Spanish Language Offered to qualified students, this course is equivalent to a college course in advanced composition and conversation. The main objectives are to understand formal and informal spoken Spanish, acquire extensive vocabulary, write expository passages, and express ideas with accuracy and fluency. Students read selected works by Hispanic writers. The main focus is preparation for the AP exam in May. Prerequisite: B+ in Honors Pre-AP Spanish IV and permission of the AP instructor. 229. AP Spanish Literature Open to qualified students, this course is equivalent to a junior-level college-survey course. Course content focuses on the works of Spanish and Latin American writers from medieval times to the 20th century. The reading list is determined by the College Board and may be subject to change. The reading selections are chosen to be representative of a particular author's style. Students are responsible for taking notes and communicating at all levels in Spanish, both orally and in written form. They make cross-media presentations of selected works in Spanish in order to rework the themes and materials studied. Prerequisite: B+ in AP Spanish Language and permission of the AP instructor.

MATHEMATICS Trinity's mathematics program aims to provide students whose abilities range from average to gifted with the quantitative, critical thinking, and creative problem-solving skills necessary for success at college and in the real world. The courses offered range from Math 6 through AP Calculus BC. Students who complete the latter before their senior year may take an independent study of selected topics or more advanced classes at area college campuses. College Algebra is offered as a year-long course to students in grades 11 and 12 who may take it to meet graduation requirements or as an elective. Tracking begins with Math 7, and every effort is made to place students appropriately so that they may experience success in their classes. The criteria used to place students include prior records, standardized test scores, and/or placement exams as well as teacher recommendations. Honors courses are recommended for students whose strength is in mathematics and who can work independently on more challenging problems. Students who fall short of an honors or AP math course prerequisite by no more than one percentage point may appeal for placement in that course provided they have an overall GPA of no less than 3.5, a final math exam grade of B or better, and strong recommendations from their current and past math teachers. Our Middle School curriculum is accelerated so that students in grade 8 take Algebra I/Honors Algebra I. Students must take three years of mathematics in the Upper School to meet graduation requirements; four years of math in the Upper School is recommended and sought by highly selective colleges. The four basic course sequences listed below provide guidelines for course selection. Crossovers are possible in appropriate/exceptional cases and may be made at the beginning of a school year or other convenient times with departmental approval. Track 1 Math 6 Math 7 Intro to Algebra Algebra I Geometry Algebra II Precal or Prob/Stat or College Algebra Track 2 Math 6 Math 7 Algebra I Geometry Algebra II Precal or Prob/Stat or College Algebra Hon Calculus or AP Stat Track 3 Math 6 Adv Math 7 Hon Algebra I Hon Geometry Hon Algebra II Hon Precalculus AP Calculus AB or AP Statistics Track 4 Math 6 Adv Math 7 Hon Algebra I Hon Geometry Hon Algebra II AP Calculus AB AP Calculus BC

406. Math 6 Mastery of numeration and computation skills in the four basic operations are learned. The program of continuous review of these operations uses whole numbers, fractions, decimals, ratios, percents, and integers. Fundamental concepts of number theory, measurement, and the geometry of plane figures are also included. Students learn the skills necessary for successfully analyzing and solving verbal problems. 407. Math 7 Students learn the skills necessary for success in Algebra I. Topics include elementary algebraic equations, inequalities, and polynomials and graphing, as well as review and maintenance of basic math skills. These skills include computation with whole numbers, decimals, integers and rational numbers, solving equations, ratio and proportion, and working with percents. Additionally, students are introduced to informal geometry, probability, statistics, and problem solving. 408. Advanced Math 7 Students learn the skills necessary for success in Honors Algebra I and are expected to excel in computational skills, to be particularly industrious, and, above all, to understand and use mathematical theory. Topics include the use and properties of number systems, ratio, proportion, equation solving in one variable, polynomials, problem solving, graphing, informal geometry, probability and statistics.

Prerequisite: A+ average in Math 6, or an A- average on Trinity's seventh grade placement test for new students. 409. Introduction to Algebra Fundamental mathematical concepts and operations are learned as a firm base to prepare for Algebra I. Major areas of study include the decimal system, rational and irrational numbers, integers, percents, and geometry. Concepts as well as practical applications are discussed. An introduction to algebra is presented through equation solving, graphing, inequalities, and two-step problem solving. For students with a C+ or below in Math 7. 410. Algebra I This course provides the foundation for more advanced mathematics courses. Topics include sets, variables, structure and properties of the real number system, solving and graphing first degree equations/inequalities, systems of linear equations/inequalities, integral exponents, operations with polynomials, factoring, operations with rational algebraic expressions, relations and functions, quadratic equations, radical expressions, irrational numbers, and word problems. Prerequisite: C- in Introduction to Algebra or B- in Math 7 or B- on the Algebra I placement test for new students. 411. Honors Algebra I Providing a rigorous and in-depth study of algebra and emphasizing deductive reasoning skills, this course is a foundation for more advanced mathematics courses. It develops the skills needed to solve mathematical problems. Topics include, but are not limited to, operations and properties used within the real number system, algebraic and graphical solutions to first-degree equations and inequalities in one and two variables, relations and functions, direct and inverse variation, operations with polynomials including all forms of factoring, rational and irrational algebraic expressions, quadratic equations, quadratic inequalities, and quadratic functions. Prerequisite: A+ in Introduction to Algebra and A on the Honors Algebra I placement test, permission of department chair, and summer work; or A+ in Math 7, B- on Honors Algebra I placement test, permission of the department chair, and summer work; or B+ in Advanced Math 7; or B+ on Honors Algebra I placement test for new students. 412. Algebra II This course continues the study of the structure of algebra and the foundation for applying the skills to other mathematical and scientific fields. Topics include extending the study of the structure and properties of the real number system, complex numbers, relations, functions and graphs, polynomial functions, quadratic equations and inequalities, real exponents, word problems, polynomials and rational expressions, and logarithms. Conic sections are introduced if time permits. Prerequisite: Algebra I and Geometry. 413. Honors Algebra II This advanced course presents an in-depth study with emphasis on theory, proof, and development of formulas, as well as their applications. Topics include, but are not limited to, algebraic structure, firstdegree equations in one and two variables solved algebraically and graphically, systems of equations and inequalities, functions and relations, polynomials and rational expressions, exponents and radicals, logarithms, complex numbers, conic sections, polynomial equations, sequences and series, permutations, combinations, probability, and matrices. Prerequisite: B+ in Honors Geometry; or at least a B+ on Honors Algebra II placement test for new students; or A+ in Geometry and a teacher recommendation. 414. Geometry Students learn about sets of points in the plane and space, gain understanding of the deductive method of thinking, develop creative thinking involving the discovery of relationships and proofs, and develop skill in applying the deductive method to mathematical situations. Topics include the Euclidean geometry of lines, planes, angles, triangles, polygons, circles, area, volume, similarity, congruence, geometric inequalities, constructions, tessellations in the plane, and logic. Prerequisite: Algebra I. 416. Honors Geometry Students begin the first semester with a rigorous, in-depth study of geometry, emphasizing basic concepts and properties; methods of proof; angle relationships; triangles, quadrilaterals, and other polygons;

perpendicularity and parallelism in the plane and in space; congruence and similarity of geometrical figures; circles and spheres; and areas and volumes. Topics in the second semester include, but are not restricted to, transformation geometry, geometric probability, and an introduction to trigonometry. Relevant aspects of algebra, general probability theory, and geometric constructions are integrated into the curriculum throughout the course. Prerequisite: B+ or above in Honors Algebra I or A+ in Algebra I and permission of department chair, or a minimum of B+ on the Honors Geometry placement test for new students. 418. Precalculus Three broad areas are covered: algebraic functions (including polynomial, rational, exponential, and logarithmic functions); analytic geometry (including coordinate proofs of geometry theorems and the conic sections); and trigonometric functions (including triangle trigonometry and the circular functions). The characteristic properties of these functions and their use as mathematical models for solving real world quantitative problems are explored. Prerequisite: C+ or above in Geometry and Algebra II. 420. Honors Precalculus This advanced course covers selected topics including, but not limited to, polynomial, rational, algebraic, exponential, and logarithmic functions; limits; conic sections, vectors, linear transformations, sequences and series; and an introduction to calculus. Prerequisite: B+ or above in Honors Geometry and Honors Algebra II. 422. Honors Calculus This course provides an introduction to topics covered in a college level calculus class. These include a review of the properties of functions studied in precalculus, limits and continuity, the derivatives and antiderivatives/integrals of functions and their applications to real world problems encountered in the physical, biological, and human sciences, and in business. Prerequisite: C or above in Honors Precalculus or B- or above in Precalculus and permission of the department chair. 425. AP Calculus AB The level of course work each year depends upon the preparation of that particular class. All classes cover, as a minimum course content, the AB syllabus. Some may proceed to the BC level. They may then have an option for which exam to sit. Students enrolled in this course who are interested in physics should enroll in AP Physics C. Prerequisite: B+ in Honors Precalculus or A+ in Precalculus or A+ in Honors Geometry and Honors Algebra II with permission of the department chair. 426. AP Calculus BC This highest-level course reviews all the topics of AP Calculus AB and progresses through the study of more advanced topics in calculus in preparation for the BC exam. Prerequisite: A minimum score of 3 on the AP Calculus AB exam or A+ in Honors Precalculus with permission of the department chair. 434. AP Statistics This course covers the entire AP Statistics syllabus, which is equivalent to a one-semester, introductory, non-calculus-based college course in statistics. Students are exposed to four broad conceptual themes: 1) exploring data (observing patterns and departures from patterns); 2) planning a study (deciding what and how to measure); 3) anticipating patterns (producing models using probability theory and simulation); 4) statistical inference (confirming or disconfirming models through inferential and diagnostic methods). Prerequisite: Open to juniors and seniors who have a minimum of B- in Honors Precalculus, B+ in Precalculus, or B+ in Probability and Statistics. 435. Probability and Statistics This course includes work in conditional probability, numerical data sampling and analysis, and estimation, as well as random variable functions, binomial distribution, normal distribution, the analysis of correlation and regression, and statistical report writing. Prerequisite: Open to juniors and seniors with a C+ or above in Geometry and Algebra II and permission of the department chair.

439. College Algebra This course reviews basic algebra and progresses through more advanced topics including polynomial and rational functions, systems of equations and inequalities, mathematical induction, sequences and progressions, the binomial theorem, and probability theory. Some basic trigonometry may be covered as well. Prerequisite: Open to juniors and seniors who have a minimum of C- in Geometry and Algebra II or any higher-level course in the regular math track and permission of the department chair. PHYSICAL EDUCATION 806 (girls)/816 (boys). PE 6 807 (girls)/817 (boys). PE 7 812 (girls)/822 (boys). PE 8 (semester) Trinity's physical education program is based on the standards developed by the National Association of Sports and Physical Education (NASPE) and Sunshine State Standards (SSS). Daily PE is required for students in grades six and seven throughout the school year. Students in grade eight participate daily in PE for one semester. All activity classes are separated by gender. Students are assessed in five areas: participation, motor skills, physical fitness, log of out-of-class physical activity, and content knowledge. The curriculum includes the following units of activity: badminton, basketball, flag football, pickle ball, recreational games, soccer, softball, swimming, team handball, tennis, track and field, volleyball, and general fitness. 829 (girls)/819 (boys). Personal Fitness (semester) Ninth grade students are encouraged to complete this course in the fall or spring semester. They may complete the course during the summer session prior to their ninth grade year, but space is limited. This course is designed to increase the student's personal fitness level through daily exercise and training. The class will give students the knowledge and desire to establish personal health and fitness programs, help them realize that daily physical activity will increase their energy level and productivity, and provide lifetime fitness activities. The goal of this course is to provide participants an overall health and wellness awareness that will lead to behavior change. This course satisfies the graduation requirement. 810 (girls)/811 (boys). Life Management Skills 8 (semester) 809. Life Management Skills (semester) Life Management Skills is offered as a semester course in the eighth grade. Upper school students who have not yet received credit for this course can take it during the summer, fall, or spring semester. Students learn the skills they need to become health literate, maintain and improve health, prevent disease, and reduce health related risk behaviors. The curriculum includes units on mental, emotional, social, and family health; growth and development; nutrition; personal health; alcohol, tobacco, and drugs; communicable and chronic diseases; consumer and community health; and injury prevention and safety. This course satisfies the graduation requirement. 842. Conditioning I (semester) This course is for students in grades nine through twelve. The purpose of the course is to introduce the student to the basic fundamental principles of weight training and conditioning. Areas that will be covered include identifying muscles of the body, identifying physiological considerations, stretching and flexibility, proper use of the equipment, and safety precautions. Prerequisite: Personal Fitness. 843. Conditioning II (semester) This course is designed for students in grades nine through twelve. The purpose of the course is to expand the student's background on the basic fundamental principles of weight training and conditioning and explore the areas of proper nutrition, effects of supplements and drugs, and creation of an individual fitness program. Prerequisite: Conditioning I.

844. Team Sports (fall semester) Students will participate in a variety of traditional team sports. Class time will include skill development, rules and regulations, and strategies in sports such as basketball, flag football, and volleyball. Prerequisite: Personal Fitness. 845. Lifetime Sports (spring semester) Participants will be exposed to skills, strategies, rules and regulations of individual or dual sports such as tennis, badminton, bocce ball, and other recreational sports. Prerequisite: Personal Fitness. SCIENCE To be an informed citizen today, one must understand the language, the attitudes, and the methods of science. The science department strives to develop scientific literacy by having the student obtain a thorough understanding of scientific principles. A successful science student develops the characteristics, attitudes, and techniques of a scientist, some of which are an inquiring mind, accurate and critical observations, alertness to recognize the unexpected, willingness to reject old ideas and to accept new ones when sufficient data warrant, resistance to the tendency to make generalizations on the basis of insufficient data, and scientific writing. Laboratory work is central to every course; it is this experimentation which distinguishes science from other disciplines. Students who do not meet the grade prerequisite for a course may initiate an appeals process which includes 1) recommendation from previous science teacher, 2) department chair meeting with principal to evaluate students overall academic performance, and 3) final decision made by department chair and principal. 506. Science 6 An introduction to the major areas, this course focuses on selected topics in marine biology, human biology, genetics and heredity. A "hands on" approach develops the students' powers of observation and critical thinking skills. Students learn the proper use of basic laboratory equipment and procedures. Special emphasis is placed on use of the microscope, the scientific method, and collection of data. 507. Science 7 This class focuses on utilizing scientific methods to produce original studies and learning/reinforcing content. Units studied include scientific methods and measurement, ecology, earth and space science. Students learn to become proficient in critical thinking, problem solving, cooperative strategies, and learning content. 508. Physical Science Students in grade 8 are introduced to the basic concepts of chemistry and physics through a hands-on, discovery approach. They examine concepts of atomic theory and structure, bonding, chemical reactions, and stoichiometry in the chemistry semester. In the physics semester, students examine concepts of motion, forces, work, energy, power, and electricity. Critical thinking skills and practical laboratory methodology are further developed. 509. Honors Biology This required Upper School freshman course emphasizes the ten major themes of biology: biological systems, cell theory, form and function, inheritance by reproduction, environmental interaction, energy, regulation, evolution and adaptation, bioethics, and science as inquiry. Students discuss contemporary topics as well as the moral issues surrounding biology. Laboratory skills are continually reinforced with particular emphasis on data accumulation and interpretation. This course is a prerequisite for all Upper School science courses.

510. Honors Chemistry Students learn the basic principles of chemistry, including a logical problem-solving approach as applied to chemical theories. Some concepts examined include states of matter, atomic theory and structure, stoichiometry, thermodynamics, and qualitative analysis. Laboratory experimentation reinforces the theoretical modes studied in the classroom. Prerequisite: B in Algebra I or Honors Algebra I. 515. Honors Physics Students learn the fundamental laws of physics in four major subject areas. One full semester is devoted to Newtonian mechanics, which is the study of motion, forces, momentum, and energy. The second semester includes studies of fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, electricity and magnetism, and the wave nature of light, including geometric optics. These subjects are presented in a context that is related to everyday, observable phenomena, and are accompanied by numerous demonstrations and laboratory exercises. Prerequisite: A math course that includes trigonometry. Exceptions may be made for seniors who are concurrently enrolled in precalculus. 520. Environmental Science This course deals with man's impact on the environment. Students study ecosystems, biodiversity, population dynamics, resource supply and depletion, environmental ethics, and decision-making. Students develop an understanding of these complex interrelationships while working on field investigations and a study of Lake Martha. Students are responsible for completing several projects during the year. 525. AP Environmental Science This course is designed to provide students with the scientific principles, concepts, and methodologies required to understand the complex interrelationships of the natural world. Topics include population dynamics, biodiversity, resource supply and depletion, environmental ethics, and decision-making. An overnight field trip to the Riverwoods Field Station, as well as field investigations of the Trinity campus are used to reinforce and apply theories taught in the classroom. Students are responsible for several research projects during the year. Prerequisite: B+ in Biology and Chemistry. 530. Anatomy and Physiology Students receive an overview of the structure and function of the human body with emphasis on a systematic approach to the study of the human organism. Introductory topics include chemistry and review of cell biology. Laboratory activities are used to reinforce anatomical and physiological concepts. A formal research project on histology and significant dissection (including, but not limited to, a cat) are integral to the course. This course is NOT recommended for students who have taken or intend to take Advanced Placement courses. 535. Honors Anatomy and Physiology This advanced course is designed for the self-motivated student who has a strong interest in the biological sciences. The textbook used is college level. The course includes an in-depth study of the structure and function of the human body. All systems and their interdependence are discussed. Laboratory activities supplement the lecture material and include physiology experiments to demonstrate functions of various systems and major units on histology, the skeletal system, and dissections (including a cat and various organs). Students are responsible for research projects during the year and discuss bioethical issues relating to topics of study. Prerequisite: B+ in Biology and recommendation of biology instructor. 540. AP Biology This course meets seven periods per week and stresses the basic facts and synthesis of these facts into major concepts and themes. Coverage of three general areas is emphasized: molecules and cells, genetics and evolution, and organisms and populations. Twelve major lab topics are also covered. Prerequisite: B+ in biology, B+ in chemistry, and recommendation from chemistry instructor. We strongly recommend but do not require that students have taken Honors Anatomy. 545. AP Physics B In this introductory course in college physics, students learn the basic natural laws governing the following specific areas: mechanics (kinematics, dynamics, mechanical energy, and linear momentum), fluid

mechanics (Archimedes principle, steady flow, and the Bernouli effect), heat and thermodynamics (thermal properties of matter, gas laws, and heat engines), electricity and magnetism (electrostatics, direct current, and electrodynamics), wave phenomena (periodic waves, wave interference, sound, light and geometric optics), and twentieth century physics (the photoelectric effect, electron energy levels, energy of photons, and nuclear reactions). Concepts are reinforced with numerous laboratory investigations and experiments. Prerequisite: Completion of Honors Precalculus and recommendation of current science teacher. 546. AP Physics C This is a calculus-based course in introductory university physics for scientists and engineers. It includes an in-depth study of Newtonian mechanics and an introduction to electricity and electrodynamics, if time permits. Concepts are reinforced with numerous laboratory investigations and experiments. Students must take the AP Physics C (mechanics) exam and may take the AP Physics C (electricity and magnetism) exam if they do the extra work required. Prerequisite: Completion of, or current enrollment in, AP Calculus AB and recommendation of current science teacher. 550. AP Chemistry This course meets seven periods per week and is structured according to the course description for AP Chemistry. It includes a detailed study of bonding, chemical reactions, equilibrium, electrochemistry, thermodynamics, and kinetics. Prerequisite: B+ in Chemistry and recommendation by chemistry instructor. SOCIAL SCIENCE Charting a Course: History for the 21st Century The vision of the social science department is to develop well-educated people who share a body of knowledge; understand common cultural references; preserve a set of values; acknowledge the role of religion and ethics; and are prepared to participate with confidence in the dynamics of political, economic, and social groups. Middle School students are required to complete a three-year sequence: World History and Geography, U.S. History, and Civics. 306. World History and Geography This sixth-grade course offers students a look at the geography, history, and culture of regions of the world. They follow the sweep of history from its beginnings in the Middle East through the growth of Europe, Africa, and Asia, to the emergence of the nations of the Western Hemisphere. 307. U.S. History The seventh-grade course presents a lively chronological history of the United States from the period of early exploration to the present day. Important themes include the shaping of a national identity from our diverse population, developing and preserving democratic institutions, and moving forward in a global perspective. Through this course students will become more aware of and understand the impact of relevant historical events, people, and beliefs within our society. 308. Civics The eighth-grade course is directed toward developing a sound, basic understanding of the theories, the structure, and the functions of the U.S. political system. Students learn the rights and responsibilities of citizens and the importance of individual civic participation in the democratic process. Topics include analysis of the three branches of government at the local, state, and federal levels; the role of the political parties; and economic fundamentals. Students also learn about careers, foreign affairs, and selected social, economic, and political problems. Upper School students must complete 4-1/2 credits, beginning with a required three-year sequence (two options):

Option 1: Honors World History to 1700 (9th), Honors World and American History 1700-1900 (10th), and Honors World and American History since 1900 or AP United States History (11th) OR Option 2: Honors World History to 1700 (9th), AP World History (10th), and AP United States History (11th) Seniors take one of the following: 1) Honors Economics/Honors Government, 2) Honors Economics/Honors Personal Finance, or 3) AP Economics. The additional half credit is satisfied by selecting one of the following courses: Introduction to Ethics, Introduction to the Bible, or Comparative Religions. There will be no appeals process for students who do not meet grade prerequisites. 309. Honors World History to 1700 This ninth-grade study of world history and geography provides an extensive survey of history from ancient civilizations to 1700. It emphasizes major civilizations with some study of other societies as well and begins with a review of hunting and gathering societies, the transition to agriculture, and the consequent impact to the environment. The salient characteristics of classical civilizations are identified and reviewed, including caste, Confucian family, natural law, and democracy. As students proceed in their study from one civilization to another, certain themes such as gender roles, technological innovation, the evolution of social classes, the role of the major religions, environmental transformation, growth of bureaucracy, codification of law, and the structure and types of government are considered so that students will develop several bases for comparison. 310. Honors World and American History 1700-1900 During the sophomore year, three transformational themes of modern times are emphasized: the democratic revolution, the industrial and technological revolutions, and the modern growth and mobility of populations. The course begins with the study of ideas and ideals which shaped the American Revolution and analyzes the documents that expressed those concepts. Subsequent units examine circumstances in the U.S. and other areas of the world with regard to the development of governments which claim to be freelyconstituted, the spread of technology and capitalistic enterprise, and human gains and losses incurred by the populations. Topics studied include the revolutions (French, industrial, and South American) and the rise of European empires (the American, Asian, and African colonies). 311. Honors World and American History Since 1900 The theme of this junior-year course is how the three dominant movements of the 19th century were resolved in the 20th century. It begins with a review of the industrial and technological revolutions of the world in the later years of the 19th century. Students study the spread of liberal democratic ideas in the U.S. and beyond the western world, the rise of Marxist and fascist challenges to capitalistic liberal democratic ideals, and the collapse of the European colonial empires. World Wars I and II receive special attention. Other changes (intensified communications, new weaponry, and global environmental change and pollution) are studied as well. 322. AP World History Available to qualified sophomores, this course is organized around particular global historical themes and frameworks. Students learn specific factual knowledge and appropriate analytical skills in order to understand and interpret the causes and consequences of cultural, institutional, technological, and geographic change. The course focuses primarily on the past one thousand years. Prerequisite: A- in ninth grade English and history. Students must take AP United States History in 11th grade. 314. AP United States History This junior-level course must be taken as a follow-up to AP World History or can be taken in place of Honors World and American History Since 1900 by students who meet entry requirements and wish the additional challenge of college-level work. The course is an in-depth study of the entire scope of U.S. history, with emphasis on critical thinking and evaluative writing. Text material is college-level, and

students are encouraged to read outside sources of historical interpretation. Prerequisite: B+ or higher in previous year's social science course and permission of the department chair. 316. AP European History While a global approach to the study of history is important, the world in which we live today has been significantly shapedfor better and for worseby the inhabitants of Europe. This survey course exposes students to the history of Europe since 1450. A variety of perspectivespolitical, diplomatic, economic, social, intellectual, and culturalwill be explored so that students can enhance their understanding of Europes impact on all aspects of the modern world. While much of the course is devoted to study from these perspectives, there will also be an emphasis on analysis of primary documents, identification and evaluation of historical interpretation, and the development of writing and critical thinking skills vital to success on the Advanced Placement examination. This is an elective course open to juniors and seniors. Prerequisite: B+ or higher in previous years social science course. 318. Honors Economics (semester) This course examines how markets for goods and services operate to solve the basic economic problem of scarcity. It focuses on the economic way of thinking about incentives, cost, and decision-making. It also explores topics from micro and macroeconomics such as supply and demand, theory of the firm, market structures, fiscal policy, Federal Reserve, and trade. Participation in the Florida Stock Market Game is required. 319. Honors Government (semester) This course examines the structure and function of our government with regard to the current political system, public policy, and the impacts of those policies. In addition to the text, the students will use newspaper articles, editorials, speeches, political debates, Supreme Court cases, and political films to explore the contemporary scope of government in the United States. 335. Honors Personal Finance (semester) Available to juniors and seniors as an elective, this course fulfills one-half of the history/social studies requirement for seniors not taking AP Economics. Juniors enrolling have a choice of AP Economics or Honors Economics/Honors Government their senior year. Students study basic financial planning: budgeting, cash management, insurance, investments, taxation, and retirement planning. 315. AP Economics Designed for stronger students, this course is devoted to the study of macroeconomics with selected micro topics covered as an introduction. It fulfills the senior social science requirement. Prerequisite: B+ or higher in previous year's social science course and permission of the department chair. 317. AP United States Government and Politics Available to juniors and seniors, this advanced course is a survey of the development of the American political system and its operative institutions with particular emphasis on legal interpretations of the Supreme Court in defining the character of American governance. This college-level program encompasses a high level of reading and interpretative skills. Case studies and independent analysis of political scenarios require critical thinking and writing skills. Prerequisite: B+ or higher in previous year's social science course and permission of the department chair. 342. Psychology (semester) Available to juniors and seniors, this course examines the history of psychology from ancient to modern times. Early philosophers and schools of psychology are studied. Major psychological theorists' lives, theoretical concepts, and important research are discussed. Topics include development, personality, abnormal psychology and treatment of psychological disorders, social psychology, cognition and language, learning and memory, intelligence and its measurement, sensation and perception, and motivation and emotion. Introduction to experimental methods and to influential experiments in the history of psychology are also covered.

341. AP Psychology Available to juniors and seniors, this advanced course introduces students to the systematic and scientific study of the behavior and mental processes of human beings and other animals. Students are exposed to the psychological facts, principles, and phenomena associated with each of the major sub-fields within psychology and learn about the methods psychologists use in their science and practice. Main topics include methods, history, biological bases of behavior, sensation and perception, motivation and emotion, developmental psychology, personality, testing, abnormal psychology, treatment, and social psychology. Prerequisite: B+ or higher in previous year's social science course and permission of the department chair. 345. Introduction to Ethics (semester) This course is open to sophomores and above. The first portion of the class is theoretical and has two goals: first, to establish the relationship between worldview and ethics; second, to encounter different ethical situations through primary readings. The second portion of the class is application, during which the class examines current moral issues from the perspectives of these varying ethical systems. Discussion and group readings are the primary vehicles for the critical work which occurs during the semester, and special emphasis is placed upon the intellectual/moral trends which attract attention in the university setting. 348. Introduction to the Bible (semester) This course is a survey of the Hebrew and Christian Testaments of the Bible with emphasis on the major stories and passages. Reading and discussing biblical texts and connecting the texts to the development of both Judaism and Christianity are the focus of the class as well as the premise that knowledge of the Bible is essential to understanding western literature. 355. Comparative Religions (semester) This course is open to sophomores and above. Students read many of the sacred texts from Hindu, Buddhist, Jewish, Christian, and Islamic sources and seek to hear the voices from within each tradition. Through these primary-source readings the class considers each tradition in the light of the basic questions of a worldview: Is there a god, and if so, what is his/her/their/its nature? What are human beings, and do we have a purpose? What constitutes the "good life? Why is there suffering? Is there an afterlife, and, if so, does it have any bearing on my current existence? Discussion and group readings are the primary means of instruction.