FOREST PREVENTION

INTRODUCTION
Did you know that forests are called the lungs of the
environment? They are a factory of oxygen and various
other very important natural resources. Can humans
live without their lungs? Similarly, the environment too
would not survive without forests. Let us take a look at
forest conservation.
Forest conservation as the name suggests is the
preservation and the protection of forests. It also
involves the reversal of deforestation and
environmental pollution. The preservation of all natural
resources is absolutely essential for the balance of our
ecosystem.
Forest protection is a branch of forestry which is
concerned with the preservation or improvement of a
forest and prevention and control of damage to forest
by natural or man made causes like forest fires, plant
pests, and adverse climatic conditions (global
warming).
Forest protection also has a legal status and rather than
protection from only people damaging the forests is
seen to be broader and include forest pathology too.
Due to the different emphases there exist widely
different methods forest protection.
In German-speaking countries, forest protection would
focus on the biotic and abiotic factors that are
non-crime related. A protected forest is not the same as
a protection forest. These terms can lead to some
confusion in English, although they are clearer in other
languages. As a result, reading English literature can be
problematic for non-experts due to localization and
conflation of meanings.
The types of man-induced abuse that forest protection
seeks to prevent include:
>Aggressive or unsustainable intensive farming and
logging
>Pollution of the forest soil
>Expanding city development caused by population
explosion and the resulting urban sprawl.
There is considerable debate over the effectiveness of
forest protection methods. Enforcement of laws
regarding purchased forest land is weak or
non-existent in most parts of the world. In the
increasingly dangerous South America, home of major
rainforests, officials of the Brazilian National Agency for
the Environment (IBAMA) have recently been shot
during their routine duties.
Forests are areas where most of the species of flora and
fauna are found per square kilometers. It is the lungs of
the planet that take up the carbon dioxide released by
the animals and give oxygen to the environment.
Forests are defined as the areas of lands that grow
various species of trees, plants, shrubs, herbs. The
woods are a natural habitat for numerous animals and
birds. These are the animals that are not grown by
humans. The forests are the areas that regulate the
temperature of the earth. It prevents the soil from
being eroded by floods and other natural calamities.
Forests are the primary source of many medicinal
plants, woods, food, raw materials, and fabrics. About
31% of the earth's surface is covered by forest, but as
the modern age arises, the rate at which the trees are
being cut-down is increasing gradually. Hence, there is
an importance of conserving the woods and its
associated wildlife

IMPORTANCE
Let us take a look at why forests are so very important
to us and our environment. We are basically dependent
on forests for our survival. And so their conservation is
of essential importance.
>The most important function of forests is that it
produces mass amounts of oxygen as a by-product of
photosynthesis. Oxygen is the main respiratory gas for
all animals, it ensures our survival.
>And while photosynthesis, trees also absorb carbon
dioxide from the air. This is one of the main pollutants
of air pollution. Hence forests also reduce air pollution.
>Forests also prevent soil erosion and keep soil
pollution in check. Deforestation, in fact, leads to soil
erosion on a large scale since the topsoil comes loose.
>Forests also play an important part in the water cycle
and control moisture levels of our ecosystem.
>And finally, forests are the natural home and habitat
for millions of species of animals, birds, and insects.
Why is forest protection is so important?
#1. Forests create oxygen
Trees are nature’s recycling machines. They take
carbon dioxide and transform it into oxygen. On
average, two mature trees produce enough oxygen for a
family of four every year. If we don’t protect our forests,
we’re endangering our own lives and the lives of
everything that needs oxygen to survive. By itself, the
Amazon rainforest is responsible for about 6% of the
oxygen created by photosynthetic organisms.
#2. Forests filter the air and reduce pollution
Trees don’t only create oxygen from carbon dioxide,
they’re also natural filters. They remove air pollutants
like carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur
dioxide. Using their “stomata,” which are essentially
pores, trees absorb all kinds of gases and particles,
filtering them from the air. Forest conservation can play
an important role in reducing air pollution around the
world.
#3. Forests provide food security
Besides the nuts, berries, fruits, mushrooms, and seeds
that humans eat, the forest supports a huge variety of
animal life we also depend on for food. Without forests,
these animals would die, leaving us with significantly
limited options. There are already people in the world
struggling with food insecurity because of
deforestation.
#4. Forests help reduce climate change
Carbon dioxide is one of the greenhouse gases that
drive climate change. Trees reduce the amount that’s
released into the atmosphere. As a result, forests cool
the environment around them. In cities where it tends
to be hotter, green spaces can help keep down the heat.
If natural systems like forests were protected and
restored, they could help the world get ⅓ of the way
closer to meeting our climate change mitigation goals
by 2030. On the other hand, destroying forests accounts
for 15% of all greenhouse emissions.
#5. Forests are an important part of the water cycle
With their roots, trees pull water from the earth and
release it back into the atmosphere. Especially-large
forests create their own climates and can trigger
rainfall. This is especially important in areas vulnerable
to drought. Forest watersheds also provide clean
drinking water, acting as a natural water collection,
filtration, and storage system.

PROJECT WORK
METHODOLOGY
Forests are rapidly disappearing all over the world,
alarming many people. The loss of this natural resource
could spell disaster for our planet. Most of us are
unsure of how we can do anything to stop this. How can
we prevent this global crisis? Well, chaining yourself to
a tree might make a statement, but there are many
more efficient ways to prevent deforestation.
Protecting the world’s forests should be our very first
priority in fighting global warming and climate change.
Forests are critical to life on earth. 1.6 billion people
rely on them directly for food, shelter, fuel and income.
>Controlled Deforestation-
While deforestation cannot be avoided completely, we
must look to control it. Young and immature trees
should not be felled as far as possible. We must look to
avoid large-scale commercial deforestation as well.
Adapting practices such as clear-cutting or selective
cutting will be beneficial in the long run.
>Protect against Forest Fires-
Forest fires are the most common and deadly cause of loss of
forests. They can start due to natural causes or can be accidents
caused by man or even intentional in some cases. Once a fire
spreads in a forest it is very difficult to control. Precautions must
be taken for such incidents. Making fire lanes, spreading chemica
to control fire, clearing out dry leaves and trees etc.
What Can the Average Person do to Help Prevent
Forests?
1. Ditch the Printer
The less you print, the less paper is used. Trees are cut
down for paper. Therefore, the less you print, the fewer
trees are cut down. In the long run, this could really add
up to a lot of saved trees.
2. Use Double-sided Paper
If you need to print, then print on both sides of the
page. This will cut down the paper consumption by half,
which saves half the number of trees in a forest.
3. Go Digital With Your Bills
In the same way, printing less causes less of a demand
for paper; getting your bills through e-mail instead of a
printed copy in the mail will decrease the demand for
paper.
4. Buy Only FSC Certified Wood Products
The FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) monitors that
these products were sourced in an environmentally
responsible way; if a product is not FSC Certified,
boycott it, as you will then be supporting unsustainable
deforestation by buying and funding these products.
5. Switch to Bamboo Paper
Bamboo is easily sustainable and grows to maturity
within five years, a lot faster than trees. They have
exactly the same functions as well. Try to use bamboo
paper as much as possible to lower the demand for
paper produced by trees.
6. Switch to Digital Books
Again, this creates less of a demand for paper. Digital
books are also more convenient as you have an endless
supply of books on a single device. You can also read
from a digital device in the dark, unlike with a book
printed on paper.
7. Use the Library
If you still prefer to read the real thing, borrow books
from your local library. It’s cost-efficient and
environmentally conscious. Books are what you can
always borrow, share and donate.

OBJECTIVES
>To broaden the implementation of sustainable
forestry by ensuring long-term harvest levels based on
the use of the best scientific information available.
>To ensure long-term forest productivity and
conservation of forest resources through prompt
reforestation, soil conservation, afforestation, and other
measures.
>To protect water quality in streams, lakes, and other
water bodies.
>To manage the quality and distribution of wildlife
habitats and contribute to the conservation of
biological diversity by developing and implementing
stand- and landscape-level measures that promote
habitat diversity and the conservation of forest plants
and animals, including aquatic fauna.
>To manage the visual impact of harvesting and other
forest operations.
>To manage Program Participants lands that are
ecologically, ecologically, historically, or culturally
important in a manner that recognizes their special
qualities.
>To promote the efficient use of forest resources.
>To broaden the practice of sustainable forestry
through procurement programs.
>To improve forestry research, science, and
technology, upon which sound forest management
decisions are based.
>To improve the practice of sustainable forest
management by resource professionals, logging
professionals, and contractors through appropriate
training and education programs.
>Commitment to comply with applicable federal,
provincial, state, or local laws and regulations.
>To broaden the practice of sustainable forestry by
encouraging the public and forestry community to
participate in the commitment to sustainable forestry
and publicly report progress.
>To promote continual improvement in the practice of
sustainable forestry and monitor, measure, and report
performance in achieving the commitment to
sustainable forestry.

OBSERVATIONS
>Forests contribute to ending poverty by reducing
vulnerability to natural disasters.
>Forests contribute to achieving food security and
water and sanitation by regulating rainfall and
hydrology.
>Forests contribute to healthy lives by providing clean
water and reducing disease.
>Forests contribute to access to modern energy by
protecting the watersheds that fill the reservoirs
behind hydroelectric dams, and controlling erosion to
keep them from silting up.
>Forests contribute to combating climate change and
staving off ocean acidification by serving as a natural
carbon capture and storage system.

ANALYSIS OF DATA
Monitoring of forests has gained vital recognition in the
international scenario due to realization of its role in
carbon sequestration, biodiversity and global warming.
Through advancement of remote sensing and GIS
technology it is possible to monitor and analyse gross
and net changes in forest ecosystems. This arti-cle
analyses the deforestation rates and drivers of
de-forestation in India and summarizes the
Government initiatives for conservation of forests
based on the published literature. It also reviews gross
and net rate of deforestation from the national level to
locale scale. At the national level, Forest Survey of India
has been carrying out mapping of forest cover on a
biennial basis. The current estimate of gross
deforestation in India is quite low (–0.43%) for
2009–2011 compared to the global average of –0.6%.
Even though consider-able progress has been made in
the protection of forests, gross deforestation rate
continues as a focal hin-drance. The deforestation
studies carried out in vari-ous parts of India are found
to be fragmentary and far from being comprehensive.
From the regional analysis carried out, it can be seen
that the overall net rate of deforestation was relatively
high in the North East re-gion (–0.90 to –5.29) and
Deccan Peninsula (–0.19 to –3.2) followed by the
Western Ghats. For precise estimation of gross and
net deforestation, consistency in definitions, uniform
methodology and new techni-ques for quantifying
forest cover have been realized

RESULTS AND
CONCLUSION
Forests and the products they provide are universally
required for the continuation of human society as we
know it. To change our society to one that does not
depend on the forest (to the forest's detriment) and its
associated benefits requires such an enormous
paradigm shift that we generally do not even consider it
worthy of further investigation. Given this situation
therefore, it is imperative that we discover mechanisms
to manage the forest for all the benefits it can provide,
in a sustainable manner.
Few countries have all the answers to all the issues
faced, thus there exists a real need for international
cooperation. Loss of forest resources transcends
national boundaries and affects the entire planet. Given
this, the roles of various agencies become vitally
important in order to minimise any potential downside
and to maximise the upside. Governments, NGOs,
intergovernmental panels and the like must work more
closely in order to resolve the pressing issues facing the
forests. In many cases a collaborative approach will
provide a solution which is more acceptable to all
parties, and more robust than a solution that is
developed unilaterally.
Societies around the world are beginning to face up to
the reality that as a species man requires forest
resources - both the wood and non-wood products a
sustainably managed forest can provide. As the
guardians of those resources our performance has to
date been abysmal. It is with a great deal of urgency
that we must turn that record around and ensure that
we have sustainably managed forests for the
generations that are to follow. Only a long term global
commitment to conservation and sustainable
development can reverse the tide of uncontrolled
deforestation. A sound policy framework is central to
this commitment.