Angat Edukasyon 2022-2023

General Science Lecture and Reviewer

Level: Easy

1. Which of the following statements is true?

a) Bees die if they sting b) Bats can pick up radio signals.
c) Penguins can fly. d) Owls can move their eyes in their heads.

Answer: A, This is because of the structure of their stinger. It is barbed, which traps in the skin and keeps the
stinger in place while still injecting venom into the unfortunate person who received the sting.

2. Animals which live on land but return to the water to breed.

a) mammals b) amphibians
c) reptiles d) crustaceans

Answer: B, Amphibians are any individual who belongs to the group of vertebrate creatures that may utilize
both aquatic and terrestrial environments.

3. The sun is mostly made of which gas?

a) hydrogen c) nitrogen
b) oxygen d) helium

Answer: A, The primary component of the sun is hydrogen atoms that combine into helium two at a time,
releasing enormous amounts of energy.

4. Of the following metric units which one is the smallest?

a) millimeter c) nanometer
b) centimeter d) micron

Answer: C, A metric unit of length that is one billionth (short scale) of a meter (0.000000001m).

5. Of the following elements which is the most common in the earth's crust?

a) aluminum c) iron
b) silicon d) calcium
Answer: B, Only oxygen outnumbers silicon in terms of abundance in the crust, which makesup27.7% of the
entire planet.

6. Corals are animals that live in

a) deep sea vents c) cold polar waters
b) warm waters d) all of the above

Answer: B, To feed the symbiotic algae that grow beside them, they require warm water and lots of
sunlight.

7. A rise in atmospheric temperature due to an increase in carbon dioxide, methane and other
gasses that trap heat in the atmosphere is called

a) Coriolis effect c) GreenHouse effect

b) Carbon cycle d) El Niño phenomenon

Answer: C, When certain gasses, referred to as greenhouse gasses, accumulate in the Earth'satmosphere,
the greenhouse effect occurs. These gasses, which are present in the atmospherenaturally, include fluorinated
gasses and substances frequently referred to as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).

8. Suppose a river has a channel cross section of 25 square meters and a flow speed of 6 meters per
second. What is its discharge rate?
a) 6 m3/s c) 150 m3/s
b) 25 m3/s d) 300 m3/s

Answer: C, Discharge is the amount of water that flows across a certain area in a set amount of time.
ft3/sec, or cubic feet per second, is a common unit of measurement.The discharge equation, Q=AV
(Q=discharge rate, A=area, V=velocity), is also occasionally used.

9. Which of the following determines the development of soil in a particular place?

a) climate c) the type of bedrock

b) presence of plant & animal life d) all of the above

Answer: D, The type of parent material, the slope of the surface, the length of time available, and the climate
(particularly average temperature, average precipitation, and amount of vegetation as a result) are the
elements that determine the nature of soil and the rate of its development.

10. The ____ is the region of the atmosphere which absorbs harmful ultraviolet
a) ionosphere c) heterosphere
b) ozone layer d) thermosphere

Answer: B, A normal oxygen molecule and one oxygen atom are produced when an ozone molecule breaks
down. So, even before it reaches the earth's surface, UV radiation energy is absorbed by the ozone layer.
We are shielded from UV rays in this way by the ozone layer.

11. Which of the following states the reason why the troposphere is warmest near the Earth's
surface?
a) Lightning strikes the surface which in turn heats the layer above.
b) The Earth's surface reradiates solar énergy which heats the lower
troposphere.
c) Radioactive elements in the Earth's crust heat the atmosphere above the ground.
d) The air is most compressed there by the weight of the atmosphere.

Answer: B, Because air cools as it rises and as the sun heats the troposphere predominantly from the surface
of the globe, the troposphere is often hottest where it is closest to the planet.

5 layers of Atmosphere
-Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere

12. Evaporation is the process by which a liquid changes into gas. In this process, liquid water
molecules become
a) tiny drops of water c) separate atoms of water
b) molecules of water vapor d) atoms of the hydrogen and oxygen

Answer: B, When water is heated, it evaporates. The molecules move and vibrate so swiftly that they
release water vapor molecules into the environment.

13. Fog is a cloud with its base at or very near the ground. The formation of fog generally occursafter
the ground has lost heat by
a) convection c) radiation
b) transpiration d) evaporation
Answer: C, When the air is almost completely still yet not quite. Through radiation, the ground loses heat to
space and cools to below the air temperature.

14. Thunderstorm is a storm produced by a cumulonimbus cloud and is always accompanied by

lightning and thunder. If you hear a clap of thunder a minute after a seeing a flash of lightning, the
distance between you and the lightning is about
a) 5 km c) 20 km
b) 10 km d) 45 km

Answer: C, As you can see, the speed of sound varies with temperature and humidity; however, if you want
a round value, 350 meters per second and 1,200 feet per second are suitable choices. As a result, sound
travels 1 km in around 3 sec and 1 mile in about 5 sec.

15. Lunar eclipse occurs when the earth passes between the moon and the sun. Eclipse Of
the Moon does not occur each month because
a) the Moon rarely comes close enough to the earth
b) the dark side of the Moon rarely faces the earth
c) the earth is usually between the Moon and the Sun
d) the Moon's orbit is at an angle to the earth's orbit around the Sun

Answer: D, Due to the Earth's orbit around the sun not being in the same plane as the Moon'sorbit around the
Earth, they do not occur every month.

16. If you observe the sky at 11:00 PM on a clear night during the new Moon, you would most
likely see
a) the new Moon rising in the east
b) the new Moon in the western sky
c) the new Moon directly overhead
d) stars but no visible Moon

Answer: D, Due to the Sun, Moon, and Earth's alignment, the side of the Moon that faces Earth is completely
dark.

17. Light travels at the rate of 3 x 10 8m/sec. How long does it take for light to travel
from the sun to the Earth? (distance of the sun to the earth is approximately 1:44x 10 km)
a) 8 seconds c) 8 days
b) 8 minutes d) 8 light years
Answer: B, Distance = velocity x time is the formula that may be used to answer this question. We have two
known parameters and one unknown one, but in order to address the issue, we must first rewrite the
equation to account for time: time = distance / velocity.

18, The process by which water evaporates from plants is called

a) exhalation c) advection
b) transpiration d) vapor release

Answer: B, When a plant's stomata are open for the passage of CO2 and O2 during
photosynthesis, water from the plant's leaves evaporates through a process known as
transpiration.

19. Cell is the smallest unit of living material that can carry out all the activities necessary for life.
Plant cells contain most of the same organelles and structures found in animal cells. The Major
difference between plant cells and animal cells is that plant
cells have
a) vacuoles c) mitochondria
b) a plasma membrane d) a cell wall

Answer: D, Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts, plasmodesmata, and plastids used for storage, and
a large central vacuole, whereas animal cells do not.

20. Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants transform sunlight into chemical energy.
Which of the following equations represents the overall reaction for photosynthesis?

a) 6O2 + 12H2O C6H12O6+ 6O2 + 6H2O

b) C6H12O + 6O2 + 6H2O 6CO2 + 12H2O

Sunlight C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O

c) 6O2 +12H2O

Sunlight C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O

d) 6CO2 + 12H2O

Answer: D, The fundamental equation for photosynthesis is surprisingly straightforward. Inactuality, there
are numerous phases in the process that involve intermediate reactants andproducts. Two molecules of the
three-carbon GA3P compound combine to formglucose, themain energy source for cells.
21. The building blocks from which all matter is composed are known as
a) elements c) compounds
b) liquids d) atoms

Answer: D, A particle known as an atom served as the fundamental building block of all matter.

22. Which of the following is an element?

a) water c) 24-karat gold
b) salt d) carbon dioxide

Answer: C, Due to the fact that gold cannot be further split into chemical compounds, it is considered to be an
element. The nucleus and its electrons make up a gold atom.

23. A compound results from the chemical union of

a) an electron and a proton
b) two or more elements
c) a neutron and an atom
d) a neutron and a proton

Answer: B, Compounds can be created by chemically combining elements, hence a compoundis made up
of two or more elements combined in specific ratios.

24. An example of a compound is

a) mercury c) carbon
b) salt d) oxygen

Answer: B, Salt is made up of the two components sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl). Both elements are found
linked together as the compound sodium chloride.

25. When matter is changed into another matter having different properties, the type of change is
known as
a) physical change c) chemical change
b) electrical change d) atomic change

Answer: C, Bonds that are created or broken between molecules or atoms cause chemical changes.
This implies that a material that once had a certain set of qualities gets changed into substance that now
has a different set of attributes.
26. Baking soda produces carbon dioxide when mixed with
a) sour milk c) water
b) flour d) egg

Answer: C, When baking soda and water interact, heat and carbonic acid are produced, which leads
to the production of carbon dioxide.

27. The bubbling in soft drinks is due to

a) air dissolved in the liquid
b) carbon dioxide dissolved in liquid
c) alcohol in the liquid
d) sugar in the liquid

Answer: B, As the carbon dioxide dissolved in the liquid turns into gas.

28. A gas which bacteria extract from air and change into a form which plant can use is
a) argon c) carbon dioxide
b) nitrogen d) oxygen

Answer: B, This nitrogen is changed by bacteria into ammonium ions (NH4+), which plants may utilize.

29. Pressure is the push or pull exerted by a weight on a given unit of area. Since air has weight, it
exerts pressure on all objects exposed to it. Decreasing air pressure, air can be made to move from
pressure region to_ pressure region.
a) a low, a high c) a high, another high
b) a high, a low d) a low, the same

Answer: B, From high-pressure to low-pressure regions, gases flow. Additionally, the air will go from a high
to a low pressure area more quickly the greater the pressure difference.

30. Clouds are made up of

a) water vapor c) tiny droplets of water
b) dust particles only d) partially evaporated water

Answer: C, Tiny ice crystals or water droplets that form in the sky around dust particles arewhat make up
clouds.

31. Winds are caused by

a) ocean currents
b) the motions of the earth
c) the waving of the branches of the trees
d) the unequal heating of the earth's surface

Answer: D, The uneven heating of the Earth by the sun and the rotation of the Earth result inwind, which is
the movement of air.

32. The movement of a wind is always from

a) north to south
b) east to west
c) low-pressure region to high-pressure region
d) high-pressure region to low-pressure region

Answer: D, In general, winds move from high-pressure to low-pressure regions. A front is the line separating
these two regions. Different sorts of wind and weather patterns are caused by the complicated interactions
between fronts.

33. Sound is a form of energy produced by the vibration of matter. When an object produces
sound, the vibration travels through space as
a) matter c) sound wave
b) molecule d) radio wave

Answer: C, The particles of the medium move as an item vibrates. Until the particles runout of energy, this
motion—known as sound waves—continues.

34. Density of a substance is its mass per unit volume. A piece of brass has a mass of 16.0gand
a volume of 1.9 cm³. Find the density of the brass.
a) 4.2 g/cm³ c) 0.11875 g/cm³
b) 8.4 g/cm³ d) 12.6 g/cm³

Answer: B, The formula for density is the mass of an object divided by its volume. In equation form, that's d
= m/v , where d is the density, m is the mass and v is the volume of the object.

35. Heat is the total kinetic energy of all the molecules of an object and is measured in Calories or
a) Newton c) Centigrade.
b) Joules d) Kelvin

Answer: B, The relationship between a calorie and a joule is proportional. This indicates that any change in
calorie will affect its corresponding value in joules.
36. The measure of the average kinetic energy of molecules is known a
a) kinetic energy c) heat of vaporization
b) expansion d) temperature

Answer: D, Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. It is the
kinetic energy of a typical particle.

37. Which of the following statements is true about light?

a) Light has the property of waves only.
b) Light is produced by excited atoms.
c) Light striking your eyes will not allow you to see.
d) Light energy cannot be measured.

Answer: B, An atom changes from a ground state to an excited state by taking on energy from its
surroundings in a process called absorption.

38. The color of all objects depends on the light reflected from that object. Color is related to
the frequency and
a) Doppler effect
b) diffraction grating
c) wavelength of light waves
d) primary pigments

Answer: C, Frequency determines color, but when it comes to light, wavelength is the easier thing to
measure.

39. All electric currents are streams of moving electrons. The path followed by an electric current is
called
a) volt c) potential difference
b) conductors d) circuit

Answer: D, An electric circuit is a path in which electrons from a voltage or current sourceflow.
40. A series circuit is a single pathway for all electrons in the circuit. A parallel circuit has two or more
branches for electrons. If all Christmas tree lights go out when one bulb is burned out, the lights are
connected in
a) parallel circuit b) series circuit

Answer: B, With a series circuit, if one bulb burns out, the whole strand will go out.

41. Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity per unit time. A car accelerates
uniformlyfrom15 kph to 40 kph in 10 seconds. Find its acceleration
a) 30 km/hr-sec c) 83 km/hr-sec
b) 3 km/hr-sec d) 8.33 km/hr-sec

Answer: B. Acceleration (a) is the change in velocity (Δv) over the change in time(Δt). To Get the
equation, we can use the formula a = Δv/Δt.

Formula: a = Δv/Δt.

42. The distance covered by an object that starts from rest and accelerates uniformly
depends upon the square of the time elapsed. An object starts from the rest and falls
freely under the force of gravity for 5 seconds. What distance has it fallen during this
time?

a) 49 m b) 24.5 m c) 122.5 m d) 1 225 m

Answer: C.

43. The acceleration of a body is directly proportional to the net force acting on the body and
is inversely proportional to its mass. What force would your arm have to exert to a bowling
ball with a mass of 5 kg down an alley with an acceleration of 10m/sec2

a) 5 N b) 5 kg c) 50 N d) 50 kg

Answer: C. Because, Forces cause objects to accelerate. Newton's second law of motion states that
the acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of
the net force, in the same direction as the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the
object.
44. The product of the mass and velocity of a body is called its momentum. A gun having a
mass of 5 kg fires a 20-g bullet at a speed of 500 m/sec. Find the recoil velocity of the gun.

a) 2 m/sec b) 20 m/sec c) 0.20 m/sec d) 200 m/sec

Answer: A

45. Work in physical science is equal to the force times the displacement in the direction of
the force. A crate is pushed by 5 meters on a level floor. Thefrictional force is determined as
300 N. Calculate the work performed.

a) 60 N-m b) 15 N-m c) 150 N-m d) 1500 N-m

Answer: D

46. Potential energy or energy of position is the product of the weight of an object andthe
height to which the object is elevated. A machine weighing 5000 N is raisedontotheroof a
building 50 m high. Calculate the increase in potential energy.

a) 2.5 x 105 Joules c) 2.5 x 103 Joules

b) 2.5 x 104 Joules d) 2.5 x 102 Joules

Answer: a

47. A rocket with a mass of 1000 kg is fired vertically upward with an initial velocity 100
m/sec. Calculate its potential energy when it reaches the maximum height.

a) 5 x 105 Joules c) 5 x 107 Joules

b) 5 x 106 Joules d) 5 x 108 Joules

Answer: b
48. A substance that gives up hydrogen ions to water to form hydronium ions is called

a) a base c) hydroxide
b) an acid d) a salt

Answer: b

49. A compound that is made up of the positive ions of a base and the negative ions of an
acid is called _____.
a) water c) salt
b) strong acid d) weak acid

Answer: . c

50. The radius of an atom of gold is 144 picometer. Express this radius in centimeter.

a) 1.44 x 10−5 cm c) 1.44 x 10−7 cm

b) 1.44 x 10−6 cm d) 1.44 x 10−8 cm

Answer: d

51. It is the property of matter that is independent of its surrounding conditions and position
is _________.

a) weight c) density
b) mass d) volume

Answer: b
52. An example of a substance that cannot be further decomposed by ordinary chemical
means is ______.

a) air c) salt
b) water d) iron

Answer: d

53. A substance that can be further simplified may either be

a) a mixture or an atom c) an element or a mixture

b) a mixture or a compound d) an element or a compound

Answer: b

54. An example of a chemical change is the _____.

a) burning of wood c) melting of an ice cube

b) breaking of a glass bottle d) sawing of a piece of wood

Answer: a

55. Chemical reaction may involve all the of the following except
a) separation of the molecules in a mixture
b) breaking down of compounds into elements
c) combination of atoms of elements to form a molecule d) reaction of a compound and an
element to form a new compound and newelement.

Answer: a

56. Carbon-14 has a half-life of approximately ____.

a) 5000 years c) 5600 years

b) 5600 days d) 600 years
Answer: c

57. Which of the following has four significant figures?

a) 1.68 c) 0.0168
b) 168.0 d) 0.00168

Answer: b

58. An orbital can never be occupied by ________.

a) 1 electron c) 3 electrons
b) 2 electrons d) 0 electron

Answer: c

59. A positively-charged ion has:

a) More protons than electrons

b) More electrons than protons
c) An equal number of neutrons and electrons
d) An equal number of protons and electrons

Answer: a

60. Of the following graphs, which one best shows the relationship of gas volume to
temperature, with pressure held constant?
Answer: a.

Troposphere - the temperature gets colder as the distance above the earth increases
by about 6.5°C per kilometer.

Stratosphere - the temperature increases (hot) kasi here naka locate yung ozone
layer na sumasalo ng uv radiation from the sun.

Mesosphere - temperature decreases and the coldest layer of atmosphere.

Thermosphere - the temperature increases (hot) caused by the absorption of

energetic ultraviolet and X-Ray radiation from the sun. also called the hottest layer.

Exosphere - cold kasi yung particles dito moves very quick kaya minimal lang ang
transmission ng heat.