Problem Sums Involving Multiplication:

1. 24 folders each has 56 sheets of paper inside them. How many sheets of
paper are there altogether?

Solution:

We can add 56 sheets 24 times

OR

Since multiplication is repeated addition we can multiply 56 and 24 to get the

answer.

25Save

[Sometime, more than one calculation is required.] 

Therefore, altogether there are 1344 sheets. 

2. A carton holds 24 packets of biscuits. Each packet has 12 biscuits. How many
biscuits can be packed in 45 cartons? 

In one carton we can pack 24 × 12 biscuits.

In 45 cartons, we can pack 24 × 12 × 45 biscuits.

24 × 12 = 288

→ 40 + 5

Multiply by 5
25Save Multiply by 40
Therefore, altogether there are 12,960 biscuits.

3. There are 226 pencils in a packet. How many pencils are there in 212 such
packets?

25Save

Number of pencils in 1 packet = 226

Number of packets = 212

Total number of pencils = 226 × 212

                                   = 47912

Consider the following Examples on Word Problems Involving Multiplication:

1. A book costs $ 67. How much will be paid for 102 such books? 

Solution:

The cost of one book            = $ 6 7                   6 7

Number of books                  = 1 0 2             × 1 0 2

The cost of 102 books          = $ 67 × 102        1 3 4

                                          = $ 6834         + 6 7 0 0

                                                                   6 8 3 4

Therefore, cost of 102 books = $ 6834 

2. A bicycle costs $ 215. How much will be paid for 87 such bicycles? 

Solution: 
The cost of one bicycle            = $ 2 1 5                   2 1 5

Number of bicycle                    = 8 7                       × 8 7

The cost of 87 bicycles            = $ 2 1 5 × 8 7        1 5 0 5

                                             = $ 6834            + 1 7 2 0 0

                                     18705

Therefore, cost of 87 bicycles = $ 18705

3. The monthly salary of a man is $ 2,625. What is his annual income by

salary? 

Solution:

Monthly income               = $2,625                   2 6 2 5

Annual income                 = $2,625 × 12             × 1 2

  
                                      = $31,500                 5 2 5 0

                                                                + 2 6 2 5 0

                                                                    3 1 5 0 0

Therefore, annual income = $ 31,500

4. A chair costs $ 452 and a table costs $ 1750. What will be cost of 15 chairs
and 30 tables? 

Solution:

(i) Cost of one chair         = $ 452

Cost of 15 chairs             = $ 452 × 15

                                    = $ 6,780
(ii) Cost of one table        = $ 1,750

Cost of 30 tables             = $ 1,750 × 30

                                    = $ 52,500

Therefore, cost of 15 chairs and 30 tables = $ 6,780 + $ 52,500

Questions and Answers on Word Problems on Multiplication:

1. Each student of class IV $ 75 for the flood victims. If there are 368 students
in class IV, what is the total amount of money collected?

Answer: $ 27600

2. An orchard has 46 rows of mango trees. If there are 150 trees in each row.
What is the total number of mango trees in the orchard?

Answer: 6900

3. A showroom has 165 bicycles. Each bicycle costs $ 4500. What is the total
cost of all the bicycles? 

Answer: $ 742500

4. The teller in the bank received 814 notes today. If the value of each note is $
500, what is the total amount of money collected by the teller?

Answer: $ 407000

5. A car factory manufactures 75 cars each month. How many cars will be
manufactured in the factory in one year?

Answer: 900
6. The National Library has 502 book shelves. In each shelf there are 44 books.
What is the total number of books in the library?

Answer: 22088

7. Our heart beats about 72 times in a minute. How many times will it beat in
an hour?

Answer: 4320

8. Shyam works for 10 hours in a day and Ram works for 9 hours in a day. Ram
works for 6 days in a week and Sham works for 5 days in a week. Who works
for more hours in a week and by how much?

Answer: Ram, 4 hours

9. There are 100 baskets of fruit. Each basket has 24 kg of fruit. If half of the
baskets are kept on the weighing machine, then what weight will be shown by
the weighing machine?

Answer: 1200

10. A truck has 673 boxes of candies. Each box has a dozen candies in it. What
is the total number of candies on the truck?

Answer: 8076

11. A packet consists of 600 chocolates. How many chocolates are there in 248
such packets?

Answer: 148800

12. A book contains 543 pages. How many pages are there in 22 such books?

Answer: 11946
13. A boat can carry 635 people. How many people can travel in 240 such
boats?

Answer: 152400
Multiplication and Division of Integers
The multiplication and division of integers are two of the basic operations
performed on integers. Multiplication of integers is the same as the repetitive
addition which means adding an integer a specific number of times. For
example, 4 × 3 means adding 4 three times, i.e 4 + 4 + 4 = 12. Division of
integers means equal grouping or dividing an integer into a specific number of
groups. For example, -6 ÷ 2 means dividing -6 into 2 equal parts, which
results in -3. Let us learn more about the multiplication and division of integers
in this article.
What is Multiplication and Division of Integers?

The four basic arithmetic operations associated with integers are:

 Addition of integers
 Subtraction of integers
 Multiplication of integers
 Division of integers
Multiplication and division of integers are the most important arithmetic
operations used often. Let us learn the multiplication and division of integers in
detail.
Multiplication of Integers

Multiplication of integers is the process of repetitive addition including positive

and negative numbers or we can simply say integers. When we come to the
case multiplication of integers, the following cases must be taken into account:
 Multiplying 2 positive numbers
 Multiplying 2 negative numbers
 Multiplying 1 positive and 1 negative number
When you multiply integers with two positive signs, Positive x Positive =
Positive = 2 × 5 = 10.
When you multiply integers with two negative signs, Negative x Negative =
Positive = –2 × –3 = 6.
When you multiply integers with one negative sign and one positive
sign, Negative x Positive = Negative = –2 × 5 = –10.
The following table will help you remember rules for multiplying integers:

Types of Integers Result Example

Both Integers Positive Positive 2 × 5 = 10

Both Integers Negative Positive –2 × –3 = 6

1 Positive and 1 Negative Negative –2 × 5 = –10

Example: Anna eats 4 cookies per day. How many cookies does she eat in 5
days? ⇒ 5 × 4 = 20 cookies.

Multiplication of Integers Rules and Steps

Multiplication of integers is very similar to normal multiplication. However,

since integers deal with both negative and positive numbers, we have certain
rules or conditions to remember while multiplying integers as we saw in the
previous section. Let us look at the steps for multiplying integers.
  Step 1: Determine the absolute value of the numbers.
 Step 2: Find the product of the absolute values.
 Step 3: Once the product is obtained, determine the sign of the number according to
the rules or conditions.

Let us look at an example to understand the steps better. Multiply - 7 × 8.

Step 1: Determine the absolute value of - 7 and 8.
|-7| = 7 and |8| = 8.
Step 2: Find the product of the absolute value numbers 7 and 8.
7 × 8 = 56
Step 3: Determine the sign of the product according to the multiplication of
integers rules. According to the multiplication of integer rule, if a negative
number is multiplied with a positive number, then the product is a negative
number.
Therefore, - 7 × 8 = - 56.
Division of Integers

Division of integers involves the grouping of items. It includes both positive

numbers and negative numbers. Just like multiplication, the division of
integers also involves the same cases.
 Dividing 2 positive numbers
 Dividing 2 negative numbers
 Dividing 1 positive and 1 negative number
When you divide integers with two positive signs, Positive ÷ Positive =
Positive → 16 ÷ 8 = 2.
When you divide integers with two negative signs, Negative ÷ Negative =
Positive → –16 ÷ –8 = 2.
When you divide integers with one negative sign and one positive
sign, Negative ÷ Positive = Negative → –16 ÷ 8 = –2.
The following table will help you remember rules for dividing integers:
 Types of Integers Result Example

Both Integers Positive Positive 16 ÷ 8 = 2

Both Integers Negative Positive –16 ÷ –8 = 2

1 Positive and 1 Negative Negative –16 ÷ 8 = –2

To sum it all up and to make everything easy, the two most important things to
remember when you are multiplying integers or dividing integers are:
 When the signs are different, the answer is always negative.
 When the signs are the same, the answer is always positive.
Multiplication and Division of Integers Examples

Few examples of multiplication and division of integers are shown in the table
given below:

Multiplication Division

4×2=8 15 ÷ 3 = 5

4 × -2 = -8 15 ÷ –3 = –5

-4 × 2 = -8 –15 ÷ 3 = –5

-4 × -2 = 8 –15 ÷ –3 = 5

Properties of Multiplication and Division of Integers

Multiplication and division of integers properties help us to identify the

relationship between two or more integers when they are linked by
multiplication or division operation between them. There are a few properties
associated with the multiplication and division of integers.
Properties related to multiplication and division of integers are listed below:
  Closure Property
 Commutative Property
 Associative Property
 Distributive Property
 Identity Property

Let's understand each property in relation to the division and multiplication of

integers in detail.
Closure Property of Multiplication of Integers

The closure property states that the set is closed for any particular
mathematical operation. Integers are closed under addition, subtraction, and
multiplication. However, they are not closed under division.

Operation Example

a × b is an integer 2 × –6= –12

a ÷ b not always an integer –3/4 is a fraction

Multiplication of Integers Commutative Property

According to the commutative property, interchanging the positions of operands

in an operation does not affect the result. The addition and multiplication of
integers follow the commutative property, while the division of integers does
not hold this property.
Operation Example

a×b=b×a 5 × (–6) and (–6) × 5 = –30

a÷b≠b÷a 15 ÷ 3 = 5 but 3 ÷ 15 = 1/5

Associative Property of Multiplication of Integers

According to the associative property, changing the grouping of integers does
not alter the result of the operation. The associative property applies to the
addition and multiplication of two integers but not in the case of the division of
integers.

Operation Example

(5 × –3) × 2 = –30
(a × b) × c = a × (b × c)
5 × (–3 × 2) = –30

(a ÷ b) ÷ c ≠ a ÷ (b ÷ c) (20 ÷ 5) ÷ 2 = 2 but 20 ÷ (5 ÷ 2)= 8

Distributive Property of Multiplication of Integers

Distributive property states that for any expression of the form a (b + c), which
means a × (b + c), operand a can be distributed among operands b and c as
(a × b + a × c) i.e., a × (b + c) = a × b + a × c. Multiplication of integers is
distributive over addition and subtraction. The distributive property does not hold
true for the division of integers.
Operation Example

4 × (–3 + 6) =12
a × (b + c) = (a × b) + (a × c)
(4 × –3) + (4 × 6) = 12

2 × (5 – 3) = 4
a × (b – c) = (a × b) – (a × c)
(2 × 5) – (2 × 3) = 4

Identity Property of Multiplication of Integers

In the case of the multiplication of integers, 1 is the multiplicative identity.

There is no identity element in the case of the division of integers.
 Identity Under Addition is Identity Under Multiplication
0 is 1

For any integer a, a + 0 = 0 For any integer a, 1 × a = a × 1

+a=a =a

For example, 8 + 0 = 0 + 8 For example, (– 4) × 1 = 1 × (–

=8 4) = – 4

Multiplication and Division of Integers Tips and Tricks:

 There is neither the smallest integer nor the biggest integer.
 The smallest positive integer is 1 and the greatest negative integer is
-1.
 PEMDAS rule applies for operations on integers. “Operations” are any
of the following: Brackets, Squares, Powers, Square Roots, Division,
Multiplication, Addition, and Subtraction.