Project Report On Buck Boost Converter

RIPHAH INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, LAHORE.
POWER ELECTRONICS
PROJECT REPORT ON
“DC-DC BUCK-BOOST CONVERTER IN MATLAB SIMULINK”
SUBMITTED BY:
GHULAM MOHI UDDIN 14398
MEHMOOD ASHRAF 19215
MAMOON ISLAM 14718
SUBMITTED TO:
Prof.TEHSEEN ILLAHI
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

1. Abstract
The demand for switching power supply devices is rapidly increasing in this scientific era. The
design engineers never get the particular supply voltage which they wish to use in their work. So, to
regulate the desired voltage supply we need a converter or inverter. In case we consider a DC-DC
Converter, we can step up the voltage level using a boost converter or step down the voltage level
using a buck converter. Here, in this paper we have discussed about the design of buck-boost
converter using Matlab software, where after necessary simulations we convert a supply voltage of
21V to 12V and this output voltage can be used in the applications which require 12V supply
voltage.
2. Introduction
To work in today's technical environment we have to deal with a rapidly changing market of
electronic products and components. As new technology develops, integrated circuits function
works faster and are smaller in size. Still today many integrated circuits still require a voltage of 12
Volts or 24 Volts in order to function. The DC-DC converters are widely used in regulated switch-
mode dc power supplies and in dc motor drives applications. Often the input of these converters is
an unregulated dc voltage, which is obtained by rectifying the line voltage, and therefore it will
fluctuate due to changes in the line voltage magnitude. Switch-mode DCDC converters are used to
convert the unregulated dc input into a controlled dc output at a desired voltage level. Here, our aim
is to get a 12 to 13 V output from a 21 V input voltage supply. So, for this voltage regulation we
have designed a Buck-boost converter. It will buck (step down) the supply voltage first and then it
will boost (step up) the output of buck converter so as to get the desired 12 to 13V.
3. Basic Configuration of Buck–Boost Converter

Buck – boost converter is “a DC to DC converter which either steps up or steps down the input
voltage level”. The step up or step down of input voltage level depends on the duty ratio. Duty
ratio or duty cycle is the ratio of output voltage to the input voltage in the circuit. Buck – bust
converter provides regulated DC output.
When it is in buck mode, the output voltage obtained is less than input applied voltage. In this
mode, the output current is more than input current. However, the output power is equal to the input
power.
When it is in boost mode, the output voltage obtained is more than the input applied voltage. In this
mode, the output current is less than input current. However, the output power is equal to the input
power. To operate the buck – boost converter, the two switches will operate simultaneously. When
switches are closed, inductor stores energy in a magnetic field. When switches are open, the
inductors get discharged and give the supply to the load. The inductors in the circuit do not allow
sudden variations in the current. The capacitor across the load provides a regulated DC output.
There are several formats that can be used for buck-boost converters:
Duty Ratio
The working of buck boost converter depends upon the duty ratio. Duty ratio is basically the ratio
of on time of pulse to the total time of pulse given to the gate of mosfet. The buck boost converter
works in buck mode for duty ratio between 0-0.4 and it works in boost mode for duty ratio between
0.6-1. For duty ratio equal to 0.5, if there are no losses, the output will be equal to input.
4. Simulink Model
Simulink Model of Buck Boost Converter

5. Basic Parameters Calculation
Suppose the given parameters:
No Vs Vo R Ripple Fs
®
1 18v 12v 10Ω 1% 40KHz
1-Duty Ratio
2-Calculating the minimum Inductance
Lmin=45 H
3-Inductor Current
4-Calculate the rate of change in inductor current
Inductor ripple current= ΔIL =

5-Calculate the minimum Capacitance
6-Calculate the minimum Inductor current
7-Ouput Current
Io=1.31 A (from Simulink model)
6. Output Results
Buck Mode
Output results are almost same as calculated:
For duty cycle = 40% Vo=11.42v (Buck mode)
Duty Ratio of Pulse Generator

Simulink Model
Output Results
For the duty cycle between 0-0.4 the converter works as buck mode and the output voltages are less
then input voltages. Here the input voltages are 18 V and the output voltages obtained with duty
ratio 0.4 are 11.42. The output voltages (11.42V) of Simulink model are approximately equal to
calculated value (12V) at 0.4 duty ratio.
Boost Mode
Now if we increase the duty cycle to 60% the output voltage will be
For duty cycle =0.6
Vo = 27v (obtained from simulation)
Duty Ratio of Pulse Generator
Simulink Model
Output Results
For the duty cycle between 0.6-1 the converter works as boost mode and the output voltages are
greater then input voltages. Here the input voltages are 18 V and the output voltages obtained with
duty ratio 0.6 are 25.86. The output voltages (25.86V) of Simulink model are approximately equal
to calculated value (27V) at 0.6 duty ratio.
7. Conclusion
The designing of buck-boost converter using Matlab Simulink software is done and is verified. The
input voltage supplied to the buck mode is 18V, and then the obtained output of the buck mode (at
0.4 duty ratio) is 12v (approx.).Then 18v was given as the input voltage to the boost mode and then
the obtained output of the boost mode (at 0.6 duty ratio) is 25.82V. So, combining the result of buck
mode and boost mode we got the buck-boost converter output to be varying from 11.43V to
25.82V, when 18V supply was given.

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RIPHAH INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, LAHORE.

“DC-DC BUCK-BOOST CONVERTER IN MATLAB SIMULINK”

GHULAM MOHI UDDIN 14398

MEHMOOD ASHRAF 19215

MAMOON ISLAM 14718

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

3. Basic Configuration of Buck–Boost Converter

Simulink Model of Buck Boost Converter

2-Calculating the minimum Inductance

4-Calculate the rate of change in inductor current

Inductor ripple current= ΔIL =

6-Calculate the minimum Inductor current

Io=1.31 A (from Simulink model)

Output results are almost same as calculated:

For duty cycle = 40% Vo=11.42v (Buck mode)

Duty Ratio of Pulse Generator

For duty cycle =0.6

Vo = 27v (obtained from simulation)

Duty Ratio of Pulse Generator

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