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    Iupac Nomenclature Rules 1

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    CjES Evaristo
    IUPAC nomenclature for organic compounds follows a 3 part system of prefix-root-suffix. The root indicates the main carbon skeleton. The suffix designates the most important functional group. A series of prefixes describe any modifications to the skeleton like branches or substituents. The rules involve identifying the longest carbon chain, numbering it for location of groups, listing substituents in alphabetical order as prefixes, and combining into a single word with hyphens and commas. Functional groups are indicated by prefixes, suffixes, or both depending on the specific group.

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    Iupac Nomenclature Rules 1

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    CjES Evaristo
    71 views1 page
    IUPAC nomenclature for organic compounds follows a 3 part system of prefix-root-suffix. The root indicates the main carbon skeleton. The suffix designates the most important functional group. A series of prefixes describe any modifications to the skeleton like branches or substituents. The rules involve identifying the longest carbon chain, numbering it for location of groups, listing substituents in alphabetical order as prefixes, and combining into a single word with hyphens and commas. Functional groups are indicated by prefixes, suffixes, or both depending on the specific group.

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    IUPAC nomenclature for organic compounds follows a 3 part system of prefix-root-suffix. The root indicates the main carbon skeleton. The suffix designates the most important functional group. A series of prefixes describe any modifications to the skeleton like branches or substituents. The rules involve identifying the longest carbon chain, numbering it for location of groups, listing substituents in alphabetical order as prefixes, and combining into a single word with hyphens and commas. Functional groups are indicated by prefixes, suffixes, or both depending on the specific group.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    71 views1 page

    Iupac Nomenclature Rules 1

    Uploaded by

    CjES Evaristo
    IUPAC nomenclature for organic compounds follows a 3 part system of prefix-root-suffix. The root indicates the main carbon skeleton. The suffix designates the most important functional group. A series of prefixes describe any modifications to the skeleton like branches or substituents. The rules involve identifying the longest carbon chain, numbering it for location of groups, listing substituents in alphabetical order as prefixes, and combining into a single word with hyphens and commas. Functional groups are indicated by prefixes, suffixes, or both depending on the specific group.

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    of 1

    IUPAC NOMENCLATURE: For Organic Compounds

    3 parts: PREFIX-ROOT-SUFFIX
    1. ROOT (or BASE) – indicates a major chain or ring of carbon atoms serving as the basic
    (parent) skeleton.
    2. SUFFIX (or other element) – designates the most important functional group in the molecule.
    3. A SERIES OF PREFIXES – describe the modification mode in the basic skeleton to form the
    structure in question (branches or substituents)

    RULES:
    1. Find the longest continuous carbon chain in the molecule and name as a derivative of the
    normal alkane having the same number of carbon.
    C1 meth C6 hex C11 undec
    C2 eth C7 hept C12 dodec
    C3 prop C8 oct C13 tridec
    C4 but C9 non C14 tetradec
    C5 pent C10 dec C15 pentadec
    2. Number that chain starting from the end that gives the smaller set of numbers.
    - For cyclic structures having only one substituent on the ring, there is no need to number
    the atoms of ring.
    - For 2 or more substituents on the ring, a numbering system must be used to locate the groups.
    e.g. bromocyclopentane 1,2-dichlorocyclohexane
    3. List the alkyl groups or substituents attached to the main chain (in alphabetical order) as a
    series of prefixes to the root name. If two or more identical side chains are present use the
    Greek prefixes di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- and so forth.
    4. Write the name as a single word, using hyphens to separate the various prefixes and commas to
    separate numbers.
    5. If a choice of 2 basic chains of equal length must be made, choose that one which gives a
    maximum number of simple side chains.
    Group Nomenclature: Prefixes and Suffixes
    Functional Group Prefix Suffix
    A. Groups indicated by suffix only:
    Alkanes (C C) NONE - -ane
    Alkenes C=C - -ene
    Alkynes C C - -yne
    B. Groups indicated by prefix or suffix:
    COOH or CO2H
    Carboxylic acids carboxy- -oic acid
    O

    C
    . OH
    O

    C
    Aldehydes CHO or . H oxo- -al
    O

    C
    Ketones . . oxo- -one
    Alcohols OH hydroxy- -ol
    Amines NH2 amino- -amine
    C. Groups indicated by prefix only:
    Halogenated compounds F fluoro- -
    Cl chloro- -
    Br bromo- -
    I iodo- -
    Nitrated compounds NO2 nitro- -
    Alkylated compounds R alkyl- -
    Ethers OR alkoxy- -

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