PMT Am Solstice Ze Datasheet
PMT Am Solstice Ze Datasheet
PMT Am Solstice Ze Datasheet
REFRIGERANT
(HFO-1234ZE)
Ultra-Low GWP Hydrofluoroolefins (HFO)
Alternative to Hydrofluorocarbons
Refrigerants
FOURTH GENERATION
REFRIGERANTS FOR
THE 21ST CENTURY
Honeywell has been at the forefront a family of unique products that of Solstice products causes them
of every major development of offer comparable performance to to have short atmospheric lifetimes,
fluorocarbon refrigerants technology. today’s most widely-used stationary which means they have very low
As the world seeks new, lower-global- and mobile refrigerants, blowing global warming potential (GWP).
warming-potential solutions, Honeywell agents, propellants, and solvents.
Honeywell’s Solstice brand reflects the
delivers again, with its Solstice® However, unlike their more common
products’ breakthrough environmental
brand of hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs), counterparts, the molecular structure
properties.
2 | www.honeywell-refrigerants.com
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Solstice® ze is trans-1,3,3,3- tetrafluoroprop-1-ene to which ASHRAE Standard
34 has assigned the nomenclature of R-1234ze(E). The suffix (E) indicates
that it is an isomer. The other isomer (suffix (Z)) is cis-1,3,3,3- tetrafluoroprop-
1-ene. The physical properties of the (E) and (Z) isomers are different: both
are ultra-low GWP molecules with GWP<1, but R-1234ze(Z) has a high
boiling point (9.8°C) associated with a higher critical temperature (153.7°C)
and a volumetric capacity roughly 50% lower than R-1234ze(E), which
means it is not a good candidate to replace R-134a. Even if the properties of
R-1234ze(Z) could be utilised in specific applications like high-temperature
heat pumps, R-1234ze(E) will show operating conditions and applied costs TEMPERATURE ºC PRESSURE
(ABSOLUTE) KPA
much more in line with R-134a according to system and compressor sizes.
-40 37
3000
-20 97
-15 120
2500 -10 147
-5 179
Pressure (kPa)
2000 0 216
5 259
1500
10 308
15 364
1000
20 427
500 25 499
30 578
0 35 668
-40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
40 767
Temperature (oC)
45 876
A0 50 997
log10 (Press) = +A2
T + 273.15 + A1 55 1131
A0 = -1115.58 (bar, ºC) 60 1277
with A1 = -6.78 65 1437
A2 = 4.52 70 1611
100ºC
90ºC
95ºC
10ºC
15ºC
20ºC
25ºC
30ºC
35ºC
40ºC
45ºC
50ºC
55ºC
60ºC
65ºC
105ºC 110ºC
70ºC
75ºC
80ºC
85ºC
-5ºC
0ºC
5ºC
35
vapour occurs, take the same
30
28
26
24
measures as with R-134a.
22
20
1.100 g/cc
18
Leak detection
1.200 g/cc
16
1.300 g/cc
14
12
Hand-held leak detectors can be used
for pinpointing leaks. For monitoring
Pressure (bar)
10
9
8 an entire room on a continual basis,
7
6 ` leak monitors are available. Leak
5
detection is important for protection
4
of those in proximity of the system,
3
refrigerant conservation, equipment
2
protection and performance, and
reduction of emissions. Customers
should consult the equipment
1 manufacturer for appropriate detectors.
160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560
E th l (kJ/k )
Enthalpy (kJ/kg)
Reference State: h=200 kJ/kg, s=1.00 kJ/kg-K sat. liq. at 0oC
www.honeywell-refrigerants.com | 3
MATERIALS COMPATIBILITY
Honeywell does not recommend the use of chlorinated
solvents to clean refrigeration systems or components.
4 | www.honeywell-refrigerants.com
SAFETY AND STORAGE
Honeywell recommends reading the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) before using the product.
Refrigerant Solstice® ze or trans-1,3,3,3- tetrafluoroprop-1-ene is registered under
the European Union’s REACH program (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and
Restriction of Chemicals).
TOXICITY irritation was observed in rabbits; no classified in safety group A2L, i.e.,
Solstice® ze has undergone extensive cardiac sensitisation was observed in it is in the lower segment of the
toxicity testing and when used in dogs with exposures up to 120,000 mildly flammable refrigerants.
accordance with applicable guidelines ppm; repeated dose toxicity in
A unique characteristic of this
and standards, is considered safe rats (13-wk) found mild effects on
refrigerant is the absence of
for its intended refrigeration and the heart (NOEL 5,000ppm); in
flammable mixture with air under
air-conditioning applications. vitro genotoxicity findings include
30°C of ambience. That’s why it is
negative Ames Test and negative
The Occupational Alliance for Risk nonflammable for handling and storage.
human lymphocyte chromosome
Science (OARS) WEEL value for aberration test; in vivo genotoxicity When utilised in a system, R-1234ze(E)
R-1234ze(E) is 800ppm (8-hour findings in the mouse micronucleus could become flammable with air.
time-weighted average). HFC-134a, test were negative (inhalation, In case of leakage, the following
with a 1,000ppm WEEL value is mammalian bone-marrow cytogenic chart gives a graphical positioning of
currently used in centrifugal and screw test with chromosomal analysis). R-1234ze(E) versus other refrigerants in
chillers. The Solstice® ze refrigerant the ‘chance of flame occurring’ ranking:
SDS contains the following toxicity
FLAMMABILITY R-1234ze(E) needs 10 times more
information: the 4-hr acute inhalation concentration and 250,000 times more
According to ASHRAE Standard-2010,
LC50 (rat) was >207000ppm; no skin energy than hydrocarbons to become
Solstice® ze, R-1234ze(E) is
flammable, only above 30°C. In case of
Flammability is evaluated by ‘Chance of Flame occurring’ and a flame occurring with Solstice® ze, the
‘Effect of Flame occurring’ effect of this flame would be extremely
100,000 R-1234ze @ 60°C
mild, as its very low heat of combustion
Non-flammable below 30°C
10,000
R-1234yf PROBABILITY OF (5 times less than propane) associated
IGNITION
Minimum Ignition Energy (mJ)
1,000
g
x 250,000 to a ultra low burning velocity wouldn’t
NH3 sin y
rea ilit more energy Chance of Flame
100 Inc mab
m to ignite! occurring: Lower Flame be enough to propagate a fire.
Fla R-32
10 Limit vs Minimum
R-600a Methane
1
R-152a
Ignition Energy FLAMMABILITY CHARACTERISTICS
R-290
0.1 Gasoline
Acetylene
Upper Flammability Limit,
0.01 Vol. % in air (21°C, ASTM None
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 350
E681-01)
Lower Flame Limit (g/m ) 3
R-290 R-600a
40
ing
occurring: Burning Lower Flammability Limit,
eas
30
Incr mage Velocity vs Heat of Vol. % in air (60°C, ASTM 11.3
Da
NH3 Class 3 Combustion E681-01)
20
R-1234ze R-1234yf R-152a
Class 2 Minimum Ignition Energy,
10
R-23
mJ at 20°C and 1 atm No ignition
R-134a
0 (Chilworth Technology)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Minimum Ignition Energy,
Class 2L
Burning Velocity, cm / s >61,000
mJ at 54°C and 1 atm
<64,000
(Chilworth Technology)
LFL UFL
Autoignition Temperature, °C
(EC Physico/Chemical Test
120 368
A15, Measured by Chilworth
100
R-1234ZE FLAME Technology, UK)
LIMIT: US DOT &
ASHRAE Heat of Combustion, MJ/
Temperature, oC
80
kg per ASHRAE Standard 34
60 10.7
(Stochiometric composition
40 7.73% in air)
No flame limits
20
below 30°C Fundamental burning 0
0 velocity, cm/s (per ISO 817, (no flame
0 5 10 15 Measured by AIST, Japan) propagation)
Vol. % in Air
www.honeywell-refrigerants.com | 5
PED STORAGE AND HANDLING any further rise in temperature can
PED is a European directive and not IN BULK AND CYLINDER cause it to burst, potentially resulting
an industry standard like ISO5149 or Solstice® ze has similar storage and in severe personal injury. Never allow
EN378. When refrigerant classification handling requirements to R-134a, a cylinder to get warmer than 52°C.
for industry standards refers to since according to the compressed
Vessels, containers, transfer lines,
ISO817 or ASHRAE 34, it is based gas classification it is nonflammable.
pumps and other equipment used with
on EU definition for PED (or any Solstice® ze should not be exposed
Solstice® ze cylinders must be clearly
European directive classification). to high-temperature sources (such
marked and kept in a cool, dry and
PED has two fluid groups, hazardous properly ventilated storage area as welding, brazing and open flames)
and not hazardous. Flammable are away from heat, flames, corrosive until they have been thoroughly
in the hazardous group and the PED chemicals, fumes, explosives – and be purged and confirmed free of vapours
define flammability according to A11 otherwise protected from damage. or liquid. Cylinders must never be
method from European Regulation EC exposed to welding, brazing or open
Under no circumstances should flames. When possible, maintenance
440/2008. This flammability test is
an empty cylinder be refilled with or cleaning of equipment should be
done at 21°C so under EU A11, Solstice®
anything other than virgin product. performed without entering the vessel.
ze is not flammable and does not flash,
Once empty, properly close the If a tank or any confined space must be
therefore it is group 2. Honeywell duly
cylinder valve and replace the valve entered, then formal confined space
registered R-1234ze under REACH
cap. Return empty cylinders to your entry procedures must be followed.
at the highest tonnage tier and the
Honeywell distributor. Cylinders of These procedures require that a fully
classification, as submitted to the
Solstice® ze should be kept out of direct qualified work team be used and
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
sunlight, especially in warm weather. that applicable confined space entry
is reported in the Producer’s Safety
Data Sheet (SDS): therefore R-1234ze Liquid Solstice® ze expands significantly documentation be completed.
(trans- 1,3,3,3-Tetrafluoroprop- when heated, reducing the amount
1-ene) properties correspond of vapour space left in the cylinder.
to that of PED group 2. Once the cylinder becomes liquid-full,
APPLICATIONS
Honeywell Solstice® ze refrigerant PERFORMANCE OTHER FEATURES OF
(HFO-1234ze) is the best medium Field tests of air-cooled chillers in SOLSTICE® ZE:
pressure, low GWP refrigerant on the similar systems comparing Solstice® ze • As Solstice® ze is a pure molecule
market when considering the balance with propane (R-290) show significantly it can be used in flooded systems
of all properties. It is an energy-efficient lower energy consumption. In addition, • The thermodynamic properties of
alternative to traditional refrigerants compared to traditional refrigerants, the Solstice® ze may benefit from a liquid-
in different medium temperature properties and operating characteristics line/suction-line heat exchanger
uses and has been selected by a of Solstice® ze are a very good match, or other cycle modifications
number of equipment manufacturers but without the environmental
for applications with a capacity penalty of high GWP HFCs. COST-EFFECTIVENESS
range from several kW to 20MW and Fast Implementation
Once the design of the application has
charges varying from 300g to 13mT: Solstice® ze exhibits similar
been optimised to match capacity of
performance to medium-pressure
• Air-cooled and water-cooled chillers R-134a, the advantage of Solstice®
refrigerants like R-134a, so
• District heating and cooling ze is higher energy efficiency or
only minor considerations are
• Heat pumps Coefficient of Performance (CoP)
required to use Solstice® ze.
• Refrigerators than R-134a across a range of
• Vending machines applications and conditions. According Longer life of compressors
to compressors experts, performance Solstice® ze refrigerant’s lower
• Beverage dispensers
with HFOs can be further improved discharge pressure results in less
• Air dryers
with optimisation of compressor mechanical stress, thus extending
• CO2 cascade systems, etc.
design. Reciprocating, scroll, screw and the life of the compressor.
Multi-awarded by the industry, centrifugal compressors can be used.
Solstice® ze meets the criteria that are
most important to refrigerants users:
Performance, Cost Effectiveness,
Environmental Impact and Safety.
6 | www.honeywell-refrigerants.com
Energy Efficiency SAFETY PACKAGE SIZES
Solstice® ze is more energy efficient in Solstice® ze Refrigerant is significantly Solstice® ze refrigerant is available
hot regions than competitive LGWP safer in use than alternatives such in 890 kg rolldrum and ISO bulk. For
alternatives for this type of equipment. as hydrocarbons and ammonia, other packing sizes please contact
which are either extremely Honeywell distribution network.
Global Solution
flammable or highly toxic.
Solstice® ze refrigerant provides
efficient cooling in all global climate
zones and is commercially available. ATMOSPHERIC
DECOMPOSITION OF
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT SOLSTICE 1234ZE
Solstice® ze has a GWP of <1, exceeding HFO-1234ze(E) breaks down
existing climate protection goals. into the same by-products of
other commonly used fluorinated
• Helps with eco-design directives compounds at levels much lower than
• Reduces direct CO2 emissions naturally present. F atoms degrade
by 99.6 percent into HF which is then rained out
• Reduces indirect CO2 emissions due and mineralised with no additional
to the lower energy consumption effect on Ozone or on Climate*.
• Atmospheric life is only 18 days, much
* “We conclude that the products of the
lower than the 13 years of 134a. atmospheric oxidation of trans-CF3CH=CHF
will have negligible environmental impact”,
M.S. Javadiet. al. ; Atmospheric Chemistry
of Trans-CF3CH=CHF” in Atmospheric
Chemistry & Physics Discussions,Vol8, pp
1069-1088, 2008
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AVAILABLE TOOLS
SIMULATION SOFTWARE The software models systems from MOBILE
App StoreAPPS
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Basics
software is a free download that refrigeration systems. The results can applications for iOS and Android free
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The App Store badge must b
marketing and advertising co
in selecting a refrigerant by allowing the data can be manipulated in a variety TV spots, print ads, video tra
and websites, whenever you
refrigeration engineers to run of ways. The software also creates offered on the App Store. On
simulations based on actual data. typical Mollier diagrams (Pressure- LITERATURE is approved by Apple.
The tool runs property calculations of Enthalpy, Temperature-Entropy). Honeywell has a wide range of literature
For online communications
link to your app on the App
refrigerants, conducts thermodynamic You can download the Genetron available on Solstice® ze includingApp Store badge is used. T
case
app on the App Store, go to
evaluations of air conditioning and Refrigerants Modelling Software at Available on the