MATH – 361

Introduction to Probability and Statistics

Lecture No. 09

Measures of Dispersion

Reference: Ch # 1, Sec 1.3, Text Book

No. of Slides: 24
2
 Desired Learning Objectives

After this lecture, students will be able to

 Identify different Measures of Dispersion

 Apply Measures of Dispersion in the fields of engineering

particularly while conducting technical investigations

3
 Measures of Dispersion

Types of Absolute Dispersion

1. Range
2. The Quartile Deviation
3. The Mean Deviation
4. The Standard Deviation

4
 The Mean Deviation(M.D)

Definition

 It is the average distance of all values of data set from Mean of

that same data set
or
 Simply we can say Mean Deviation is the average of the
differences of all dataset values from their Mean value

5
The Mean Deviation(M.D)

6
 The Mean Deviation (M.D)
Formula

Ungrouped Data
σ 𝒙−𝒙ഥ
𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒏 𝑫𝒆𝒗𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 = 𝑴. 𝑫 =
𝒏
Grouped Data
σ𝒇 𝒙 − 𝒙
ഥ
𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒏 𝑫𝒆𝒗𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 = 𝑴. 𝑫 =
𝒏
7
 The Mean Deviation (M.D)
Example : Ungrouped Data
The Marks obtained by 9 students are given by
45,32,37,46,39,36,41,48,36. Calculate Mean Deviation (M.D)
σ 𝑥−𝑥ҧ
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝐷𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝑀. 𝐷 =
𝑛

8
 The Mean Deviation (M.D)
Example : Ungrouped Data
Steps to calculate M.D

 All the values are for variable x

σ𝑥
 Find Mean i.e. 𝑥ҧ =
𝑛
 Find difference of all the values i.e. x from 𝑥ҧ i.e. 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ
 Find sum of all these differences i.e. σ 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ
σ 𝑥−𝑥ҧ
 Divide sum of differences by total number of values i.e. n i.e.
𝑛

9
The Mean Deviation (M.D)

σ 𝒙−ഥ
𝒙
𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒏 𝑫𝒆𝒗𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 = 𝑴. 𝑫 =
𝒏
σ𝒙 𝟑𝟔𝟎
ഥ=
𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒏 = 𝒙 = = 𝟒𝟎
𝒏 𝟗

𝒙 = 45,32,37,46,39,36,41,48,36

10
The Mean Deviation (M.D)
x ഥ
Deviation = 𝒙 − 𝒙 ഥ
Absolute Deviation = 𝒙 − 𝒙
45 45 – 40 = 5 45 – 40 = 5
32 -8 8
37 -3 3
46 6 6
39 -1 1
36 -4 4
41 1 1
48 8 8
36 -4 4
Total σ 𝒙−𝒙
ഥ =40
11
 The Mean Deviation (M.D)

σ 𝑥−𝑥ҧ
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝐷𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝑀. 𝐷 =
𝑛
σ𝒙 𝟑𝟔𝟎
ഥ=
𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒏 = 𝒙 = = 𝟒𝟎
𝒏 𝟗
σ 𝑥−𝑥ҧ 40
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝐷𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝑀. 𝐷 = = = 4.4
𝑛 9

So, the Mean Absolute Deviation is 4.44. The average distance

between each data value and the Mean is 4.44 units
12
The Mean Deviation (M.D)

Example : Grouped Data

Classes Class Marks = x f

1-5 3 10
6-10 8 20
11-15 13 30
16-20 18 20
21-25 23 10

13
 The Mean Deviation (M.D)

Example : Grouped Data

For grouped data to find M.D we need to first calculate

σ 𝑓𝑥
 Mean for Grouped data 𝑥ҧ =
𝑛
 Find difference of Mean from class marks 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ
 Product of frequency with difference 𝑓 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ
 Sum of product σ 𝑓 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ

14
The Mean Deviation (M.D)

Example : Grouped Data

Classes Class Marks = x f fx
1-5 3 10 30
6-10 8 20 160
11-15 13 30 390
16-20 18 20 360
21-25 23 10 230
σ 𝒇 = 90 σ 𝒇𝒙 =1170

15
 The Mean Deviation (M.D)

Example : Grouped Data

First we find Mean for the data

σ 𝑓𝑥
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝐺𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑑 𝐷𝑎𝑡𝑎 = 𝑥ҧ =
σ𝑓
σ 𝑓𝑥 1170
𝑥ҧ = = = 13
σ𝑓 90

𝑥ҧ = 13
16
 The Mean Deviation (M.D)

Example : Grouped Data

Classes Class Marks = x f fx ഥ

𝒙−𝒙 ഥ
𝒇 𝒙−𝒙
1-5 3 10 30 10 100
6-10 8 20 160 5 100
11-15 13 30 390 0 0
16-20 18 20 360 5 100
21-25 23 10 230 10 100
σ 𝒇 = 90 σ 𝒇𝒙 =1170 σ𝒇 𝒙− 𝒙
ഥ =400

17
The Mean Deviation (M.D)
Example : Grouped Data

σ𝒇 𝒙 − 𝒙
ഥ
𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒏 𝑫𝒆𝒗𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 = 𝑴. 𝑫 =
𝒏
𝟒𝟎𝟎
𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒏 𝑫𝒆𝒗𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 = 𝑴. 𝑫 = = 𝟒. 𝟒𝟒
𝟗𝟎

18
 Relative Measure or Coefficient of
Dispersion for Mean Deviation

Coefficient of Mean Deviation for the current example

𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒏 𝑫𝒆𝒗𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝑴.𝑫

𝑪𝒐𝒆𝒇𝒇 𝒐𝒇 𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒏 𝑫𝒆𝒗𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 = = ഥ
𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒏 𝒙

𝟒. 𝟒𝟒
𝑪𝒐𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒊𝒄𝒊𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒏 𝑫𝒆𝒗𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 = = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟒 = 𝟑𝟒%
𝟏𝟑

19
 Practice Problem 1

The table shows the number of points scored each game for
two different basketball teams. Find the mean absolute
deviation for each set of data. Round to the nearest hundredth
if necessary

20
 Practice Problem 2
A website captures information Dollar
Order
Amount
about each customer's order. The
1 12
total dollar amounts of the last 8 2 23
orders are listed in the table below. 3 31
What is the Mean Absolute Deviation 4 15
of the data? 5 26
6 24
7 16
8 23

21
 Practice Problem 3
Following are the observations showing the Age in Years Employees
age of 50 employees working in a whole sale 40-44 4
center 45-49 7
50-54 14
• Find Mean Absolute Deviation from Mean 55-59 11
• Find Coefficient of Mean Deviation from 60-64 8

mean 65-69 6

22
 Study Links

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cx2tGUze60s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=USFY2I9VGNQ

https://byjus.com/mean-deviation-formula/

http://glencoe.com/sites/pdfs/impact_math/ls9_c1_mean_absolute_deviation.pdf

23
 Graded Assignment No - 3

Probability and Statistics (Math-361) Time Given : 05 days

Date of online submission : 30 April, 20 (late submission will result in marks

deduction)

Assignment may be emailed on : mzubair@nust.edu.pk

24