Sijjal Shafique Health Psychology Booklet and Poster

Health Psychology
PCOS Booklet
Sijjal Shafique
231-470956
What are pcos?

Polycystic ovary/ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a set of symptoms associated to an imbalance
of hormones that can affect women and girls of reproductive age.
In spite of the fact that it is called polycystic ovary/ovarian syndrome, it is not primarily
defined by ovarian cysts. Rather, PCOS is defined by the presence of at least two of three
diagnostic criteria.
The specific disorders, signs and symptoms which overlap with those of PCOS must be ruled out for
an accurate diagnosis of PCOS, and because of these diagnosis, primary care providers might
recommend you to see a gynaecologist. PCOS is also a common and treatable cause of infertility.
Symptoms
Symptoms of PCOS include high levels of androgens which typically lead to various dermatological
symptoms. These include hirsutism, acne, and balding/alopecia. In adolescents, some of the
dermatological symptoms may be caused by puberty rather than PCOS.
Menstrual disorders may vary, from complete absence of menstruation known as

amenorrhea to menstruation delayed to 35 days or more known as oligomenorrhea, to
heavy bleeding called menorrhagia.
Women with irregular menstrual periods have a 91% chance of having PCOS. Those with
PCOS are 15 times more likely to report infertility as well.
Another factor is excessive follicles, which is defined as 25 or more follicles that are 2 mm to 10 mm
in a single view of a transvaginal ultrasound, may be present in PCOS. Additionally, increased ovarian
volume, an ovary that is more than 10 mL, may be present.
Health Implications
- Diagram in the booklet
Risk factors &preventive measures

If a close family member, such as a sister or mother, has the condition, you have an
increased, but not guaranteed, chance of developing PCOS. Even without a family history of
PCOS, there are other risk factors that can lead to its development.
Additionally, diet has been found to be a contributing factor for PCOS. Fats and proteins
from one’s diet can form advanced glycation end products (AGEs) when exposed to sugar in
the bloodstream. These compounds are known to contribute to increased bodily stress and
inflammation, which have been linked to diabetes and cardiovascular disease. PCOS patients
already have an increased likelihood for metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular issues, and
diabetes.
What can you do?
It’s best to limit exposure to AGEs. Animal-derived foods that are high in fat and protein are
generally AGE-rich and prone to more AGE formation. Everyday habits greatly affect the
development and severity of PCOS. In contrast, foods that are low on the glycemic index—
such as vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and milk—contain relatively few AGEs, even after
cooking.
Lifestyle and Environment Exposures
Everyday habits greatly affect the development and severity of PCOS. Obesity is widely
recognized as aggravating PCOS, so managing a healthy weight, specially abdominal
circumference, is recommended.
risk factors &preventive measures
Genetics and Diet
Exercise assists with decreasing numerous PCOS side effects, for example, depression,
inflammation, and excess weight. Aim to incorporate exercise into your lifestyle. The
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) suggests 150 minutes (2 hours and 30
minutes) of moderate-power practice every week or 75 minutes of extreme focus practice
every week and incorporating strength training 2 days per week.
In addition to exercise, increase day by day movement by taking the stairs, going on short
walks, and stretching throughout the day. Regardless the movement, one should stay
consistent and choose an enjoyable activity.
Women might need to restrict inflammatory foods such as dairy products, foods with
gluten, and foods high in glycemic load, such as potatoes, white bread, and sugary desserts
as much as possible.
Research shows that endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the environment may pose the
greatest risk during prenatal and early postnatal development, when organ systems are
developing and are a great risk factor for PCOS.
These EDC's can be found in many of our everyday used products which include plastic
bottles and containers, liners of metal food cans, detergents, flame retardants, food, toys,
cosmetics, and pesticides.
Limiting personal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals may benefit your
reproductive health highly.
Treatment options
Currently there is no cure for PCOS, , but symptoms can be managed with lifestyle changes
mentioned above and
medications. Consider consulting a nutritionist or dietitian. Furthermore, quitting smoking
(or never starting) will also improve overall health.
For the management of PCOS, medication should be tailored to each individual’s risk profile,
desires, and treatment goals:
Low-androgen oral contraceptives that contain drospirenone or progestin, known as
minipills.
An inositol supplement, which can help manage PCOS symptoms, such as hirsutism, acne,
difficulty conceiving, etc.
Metformin
Lipid-lowering agents for women with lipid abnormalities
Seek help
It’s important to regularly follow up with your health care provider to make sure that all the
medications prescribed to you, regulate your periods and lessen your chances of developing
additional chronic
diseases. Because women with PCOS have a higher chance of developing diabetes and
having other health problems, your health care provider may suggest having a:
Blood sugar test once a year
Hemoglobin A1C test (a test that tells how high your blood sugar has been the past 2–3
months) once a year or a glucose tolerance test every few years
Vitamin D level test
Thyroid function test
Working in partnership with your doctor and a team of other healthcare providers such as a
dietitian, dermatologist, psychologist or exercise physiologist is important in managing
PCOS.
For online assistance go to
Feroz sons - labs (https://hospitals.aku.edu/pakistan/diseases-and-conditions/Pages/
polycystic-ovary-syndrome.aspx)
Agha Khan (https://hospitals.aku.edu/pakistan/diseases-and-conditions/Pages/polycystic-
ovary-syndrome.aspx
OLADOC (https://oladoc.com/pakistan/lahore/condition/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos)
Social media handles on instagram/facebook
@nutrafemmerx
@pcosnutrition
@healthypcos_
@pcos.treatment
@pcosclubpakistan
There are online groups you can join for peer assistance as well. YOU ARE NOT ALONE!
Poster
Poly cystic ovarian syndrome
Just because you can’t see it, doesn't mean it's not there!
It is estimated that 75% of women with PCOS are undiagnosed.
Go to your nearest clinic and get diagnosed.
Polycystic ovary/ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a set of symptoms related to an imbalance of

hormones that can affect women and girls of reproductive age.
Symptoms include:
Dermatological symptoms
Menstrual symptoms
Polycystic Ovaries
Get
Help:
Obstetrician/gynecologists are the doctors you should consult, who may refer you to further
assistance.
For online assistance go to
Feroz sons - labs (https://hospitals.aku.edu/pakistan/diseases-and-conditions/Pages/
polycystic-ovary-syndrome.aspx)
Agha Khan (https://hospitals.aku.edu/pakistan/diseases-and-conditions/Pages/polycystic-
ovary-syndrome.aspx
OLADOC (https://oladoc.com/pakistan/lahore/condition/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos)
poly cystic ovarian syndrome can cause:
Diabetes. High blood pressure Heart attacks. High cholesterol High Lipids. Stroke. Sleep
Apnoea Endometrial cancer. Gestational diabetes. Obesity Depression. Liver Disease.
Miscarriages. Excess hair growth. Acne. Irregular Periods. Thinning Hair. Mood Swings.
Hormonal Disturbance. Weight Gain. Infertility.

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Health Psychology

What are pcos?

Menstrual disorders may vary, from complete absence of menstruation known as

- Diagram in the booklet

Risk factors &preventive measures

Genetics and Diet

Go to your nearest clinic and get diagnosed.

Polycystic ovary/ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a set of symptoms related to an imbalance of

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