Exercises

WORD ORDER
EXERCISES
 Clue  Basic Constructions

A. Change the following sentences into the suitable forms.
1. She is a student (+)
_________________________________________________________ (-)
_________________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_________________________________________________________ (?-What)
2. You are not fine today (-)
_________________________________________________________ (+)
_________________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_________________________________________________________ (?-How)
3. Am I your teacher (?Y/N)
_________________________________________________________ (+)
_________________________________________________________ (-)
_________________________________________________________ (?-Who)
4. Tim and Bill are not in the garden now (-)
_________________________________________________________ (+)
_________________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_________________________________________________________ (?-Where)
5. There are ten students in the class now (+)
_________________________________________________________ (-)
_________________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_______________________________________________________ (?-How many)
6. You know the boy next to the door (+)
_________________________________________________________ (-)
_________________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_________________________________________________________ (?-How)
7. Tom does not go to school on Mondays (-)
_________________________________________________________ (+)
_________________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_________________________________________________________ (?-Why)
8. Do you want this book now (?Y/N)
_________________________________________________________ (+)
_________________________________________________________ (-)
_________________________________________________________ (?-What)
9. This does not happen all the time (-)
_________________________________________________________ (+)
_________________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_________________________________________________________ (?-Why)
10. Does she work seriously (?Y/N)
_________________________________________________________ (+)
_________________________________________________________ (-)
_________________________________________________________ (?-How)
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B. Arrange these scrambled words into the correct order.
1. is / a / there / the / on / table / book.
__________________________________________________________________
2. does / rain / not / much / it / very.
__________________________________________________________________
3. has / books / she / on / some / shelves / the.
__________________________________________________________________
4. not / they / museum / the / now / are / in.
__________________________________________________________________
5. sugar / he / in / some / puts / the / tea.
__________________________________________________________________
6. see / in / I / somebody / street / the.
__________________________________________________________________
7. is / on / wall / picture / that / the.
__________________________________________________________________
8. does / play / in / he / now / yard / tennis / the?
__________________________________________________________________
9. everything / fine / is / today?
__________________________________________________________________
10. sings / very / Jane / songs / sweetly / some / stage / on / the / on /
Sundays.
__________________________________________________________________
 Clue  Adjective
A. Arrange these scrambled adjectives into the correct order. Use Adjective
Order.
1. He is a / American / young / rich / exciting business man.
_______________________________________________________________
2. That is a very / long / steel / strong bridge.
_______________________________________________________________
3. I have some / interesting / thick / English / expensive story books.
_______________________________________________________________
4. They are building some / amazing / beautiful / white / high towers.
_______________________________________________________________
5. The very / golden / beautiful / stolen / old watch cost two million
dollars.
_______________________________________________________________
6. A very / black / fascinating / small / intelligent dolphin is swimming
near the boy over there.
_______________________________________________________________
7. Let’s find the very / white / luxurious / shining / small diamond here.
_______________________________________________________________
8. I am very happy to meet a very /young / brilliant / talented / person like
you.
_______________________________________________________________
9. How do you make this / circle / wide / great / blue line to dig the
ground?
_______________________________________________________________
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10. I can’t stand living in a / cold / damaged / small / tremendous village.
_______________________________________________________________
B. Identify the following adjective’s positions. Is it Predicative (P) or

Attributive (A) in the sentences below?
1. She is afraid of the dog. (____)
2. You must be a secretary general here. (____)
3. He will be alone in this town. (____)
4. Tom is twenty years old now. (____)
5. This room is only for the rich. (____)
6. I don’t believe that her grandparents are still alive. (____)
7. This is the new library in our school. (____)
8. I want to go somewhere quiet to study now. (____)
9. Everybody is ready to go now. (____)
10. He is asleep at home now. (____)
 Clue  Adverb
A. Arrange these scrambled words into the correct order. Use Adverb Order.
1. the news / listen to / carefully / they / everyday.
_____________________________________________________________
2. often / well / the man / piano / plays / in the morning.
_____________________________________________________________
3. usually / she / TV / watches / in / at night / her / bedroom.
_____________________________________________________________
4. the door / he / quietly / opens / never.
_____________________________________________________________
5. games / play / sometimes / in / the children / their / happily / room.
_____________________________________________________________
6. the little boy / an apple / frequently / in / eats / the kitchen.
_____________________________________________________________
7. stays / she / on / at home / Sundays.
_____________________________________________________________
8. a book / I / the library / always / from / borrow.
_____________________________________________________________
9. leave / immediately / they / this / town.
_____________________________________________________________
10. a tree / in / plants / the / he / often / garden.
_____________________________________________________________
B. Match these words with the words in the box. Use Adverb Modifier.
1. __________ cold weather.
2. __________ motivated students. Deadly
3. __________ fast car Artificially
4. __________ damaged city. Tremendously
5. __________ decorated room. Highly
6. __________ sweetened beverages. Well
7. __________ known people. Terribly
Beautifully
Automatically
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8. __________ poisonous snakes.
C. Identify the underlined words below. Is it Adjective (Adj) or Adverb

(Adv)?
1. Let’s find a fast food restaurant around here. (____)
2. He can run fast to catch the ball in the match. (____)
3. You must study hard to pass the exams. (____)
4. Don’t worry. This is not a hard work for you. (____)
5. Can you show me the fair play now? (____)
6. Don’t break the rules of the game. You must play fair. (____)
7. Jane has straight hair. She must be very beautiful. (____)
8. Just go straight! The movie is next to the bank. (____)
9. Japanese usually bends low to greet other people. (____)
10. Professor Jones has a low profile at university. (____)
 Clue  Noun
A. Combine the following nouns with a good structure!
1. a – six – year – old – boy 
_________________________________
2. the – tiger – skin 
_________________________________
3. children – clothes 
_________________________________
4. a – wooden – bridge 
_________________________________
5. a – piece – land 
_________________________________
6. the – tortoise - shell 
_________________________________
7. a – car – door 
_________________________________
8. the – lamb – wool 
_________________________________
9. a – bird – egg 
_________________________________
10. a – bunch – flower 
_________________________________
11. the – roof – house 
_________________________________
12. an – elephant – trunk 
_________________________________
13. the – top – mountain 
_________________________________
14. a – paint – tin 
_________________________________
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15. a – silk – dress 
_________________________________
 Clue  Verb
A. Underline one of the following similar words which is used as a verb.
1. The teacher needs your answer. So you must answer his question.
2. The rain is hard today. It usually rains a lot here.
3. I am at work now. I work eight hours every day.
4. People must change the world since the change is very important.
5. She always smiles at me and I will always miss her smile.
6. Stop the fight now! They must not fight here.
7. I think the bank is open now because it opens at eight o’clock.
8. The table is clean now. They clean it every day.
9. The bottle is not empty. We must empty it now.
10. Look! The door is close. The students usually close it on time.
INTEGRATED EXERCISE
Choose the best answer to the following questions.
1. The manager thinks Jenny is a very ____ secretary because she always does her
works well.
a. reliable b. reliability c. rely d. reliance
2. Indonesian Batik is ____ recognized.
a. international c. internationally
b. internationalized d. internationalization
3. The doctor gained immediate ____ for his great discovery.
a. recognize b. recognized c. recognition d. recognizing
4. Because of his knowledge and experience, Dr Herbert is recognized as an ____ in
the field of academic.
a. authorize b. authorized c. author d. authority
5. What is so special about Kim’s house?
It is a ____
a. wooden Japanese style house c. Japanese wooden house style
b. Japanese style wooden house d. wooden style Japanese style
6. As a good film ____, he has great contribution to the developments Indonesian
films.
a. critic b. criticize c. critics d. critically
7. Don has very ____ mind, he will make a good scientist.
a. analyze b. analytical c. analyst d. analysis
8. Careless dumping of ____ waste into the Amazon River has caused serious water
pollution.
a. industrial b. industrialist c. industrialized d. industry
9. The problem of most developing countries is that the rapidly ____ population is not
supported by a strong economy.
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a. grows b. grown c. growing d. growth
10. Land and houses are often the largest single investment that most ____
a. will make families ever c. families will make ever
b. ever families will make d. will make ever families
11. The original ____ manuscript of the play is on display in the museum.
a. writing-hand c. hand-writing
b. hand-written d. written-hand
12. She is trying to lose her weight by drinking ____ beverages.
a. artificially sweetened c. sweetened artificially
b. artificially sweet d. sweetly artificial
13. It is believed that the ____ city of Aceh will take a long time to rebuild.
a. tremendous damage c. damaging tremendous
b. damaged tremendous d. tremendously damaged
14. We know that Mr John is our ____ teacher.
a. mathematics b. mathematical c. mathematically d. mathematic
15. Mike is a very ____ student, he always gets good marks in English.
a. high motivation c. highly motivate
b. high motivating d. highly motivated
CONCORD 1 (PRONOUN)
EXERCISES
 Clue  Personal Pronoun

A. Fill in the blanks with suitable subject and object pronouns.
1. Tom never comes on time to the class. ____ is 15
minutes late now.
2. Frank is the leader in our class. We can ask ____
about the plan.
3. I don’t see John and Terry here. Let’s find ____ now.
4. Nancy is a new director. ____ has lots of money now.
5. Lee and I have a plan to go camping next week. Will
you join ____?
6. Look at the cat. ____ is very funny.
7. Do you know Tony and Bill? ____ get the
scholarships to study abroad.
8. This is Tina. It is ____ that often goes to the library
in the evening.
9. Tony and I are good friends. But he is shorter than
____.
10. Peter often gets an accident. It is good for ____ not to
jaywalk in the street.
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11. Sarah and I are classmates. ____ often study hard
together.
12. Today is Jane’s birthday. I’ll buy ____ a present.
13. I am a new student here. Can you show ____ the
principal’s room?
14. You come here to ask for help. But I am sorry I can’t
help ____now.
15. You bring me this delicious cake. How do you make
____?
 Clue  Possessive pronoun

A. Fill in the blanks with suitable possessive pronouns.
1. I am a new student here. ____ name is Laura.
2. John and I are good friends. He is a friend of ____.
3. If you want to join the program, don’t forget to write
down ____ identity.
4. This book belongs to you. So it is ____.
5. Tim has a big house. ____ house is white.
6. We have a library. ____ library is next to the
laboratory.
7. Jane is a nice girl. Mr. Albert is ____ father.
8. Kim and Bill often put some books on the table. So
the books are ____.
9. Lisa is my girlfriend. So I am a boyfriend of ____.
10. Do you see the dog? ____ name is doggy.
 Clue  Demonstrative pronoun

A. Fill in the blanks with suitable demonstrative pronouns.
1. Look at the books here. ________ books are thick
and expensive.
2. I need some salt. Can you pass me ________ salt,
please?
3. Look! Who is coming? I think I like ________ guy.
He is nice.
4. Who is the man over there? He is so rude. I hate
________ man.
5. Can you see ________ buildings from the top, Max?
They are very big.
6. What a fantastic film? I want to watch ________
again next time.
7. Be quiet, please! ________ is the most romantic song
I have ever listened.
8. John : I don’t know you have a piano.
Lisa : No, ________ piano belongs to Mr. Smith.
 Clue  Reflexive pronoun
A. Fill in the blanks with suitable reflexive pronouns.
1. Julia had a great holiday. She enjoyed ________.
2. It’s not your fault. You cannot blame ________ for this.
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3. What I did was wrong. I’m ashamed of ________.
4. Jack found ________ unconscious when he took a plane yesterday.
5. Have you ever seen the cat biting ________?
6. We must protect ________ from the crime in the street.
7. Bill and Benny are playing with fire. I am afraid that they will burn ______.
8. Be careful! That pan is very hot. Don’t hurt ________.
 Clue  Relative pronoun

A. Fill in the blanks with suitable relative pronouns.
1. Barbara works for a company ________ makes washing machines.
2. Do you know the man ________ house costs about two million dollars?
3. I think she is the woman ________ you met at the party last night.
4. A dictionary is a book ________ gives you the meaning of words.
5. Did you find the building ________ we came into last week?
6. Alexander Bell was the men ________ invented the telephone.
7. An architect is someone ________ designs buildings.
8. Can I borrow the book ________ you read in a library yesterday?
 Clue  Indefinite pronoun

A. Fill in the blanks with suitable indefinite pronouns.
1. I saw ________ from their team doing some exercises in the stadium.
2. When I run home last night, ________ tried to chase me.
3. I can’t concentrate. I have to find ________ quiet to study.
4. John, I want to say ________ to you about Jane.
5. All students are sleeping now. I don’t see ________ coming out.
6. Many people are haunted by the ghost. ________ comes out at night.
7. I lost my glasses last night. I could not see ________ around me.
8. There are many interesting places here. You may go ________ you want.
 Clue  Reciprocal pronoun

A. Fill in the blanks with suitable reciprocal pronouns.
1. John and Terry are foreigners. John is from USA and Terry is from
________
country.
2. Some people are very interested in museum, zoo and library. But Lisa and
Tom are
very interested in ________ places.
3. We get two options. One is taking a plane to go abroad, and ________ is by
a train.
4. Lee and Sue have been living together for ages. They have a happy family
and love ________.
5. I can’t visit you every day. I work on Monday, Wednesday and Friday. So I
can
visit you ________ day.
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INTEGRATED EXERCISE
Choose the best answer to the following questions
1. What makes you so sad with the current reform movement in Indonesia?
____ bad effect on economic condition.
a. It b. Its c. They d. Theirs
2. Everybody lost ____ houses on the fire last night.
a. our b. your c. its d. their
3. What has made the tourist resorts so unattractive?
The poor maintenance of ____ facilities causes many problems
a. their b. our c. its d. your
4. Farmers in this area lacks means of transport, ____ vital role is neglected by the
government.
a. their b. our c. its d. your
5. Anita and I missed the flight morning, and this made ____ late to the wedding’s
party.
a. his b. us c. their d. her
6. I have forgotten my pen. Well, you can use one of ____.
a. me b. my c. mine d. I
7. Both my brother and I refused to sign the petition. Nobody could force ___ to do it.
a. him b. me c. them d. us
8. She wanted the children to come to the dining room, so that ____ can have dinner
together.
a. I b. they c. we d. you
9. Lee did not believe when Lisa wanted to kill ____ last week.
a. her b. herself c. she d. hers
10. The teacher gets angry when the children are talking to ____ in the class.
a. themselves b. their c. theirs d. them
11. The two men standing next to the door are from Europe.
One of them is from Italy and ____ is from France.
a. other b. another c. each other d. the other
12. I did not see ____ in the team spending the night in a bar last night.
a. someone b. somebody c. anybody d. nobody
13. Do you think most people are happy with ____ jobs nowadays?
a. their b. your c. his d. its
14. Everyone wants to get ____ own success in the life.
a. my b. our c. their d. its
15. The world is full of ____ varieties.
a. it b. their c. its d. theirs
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CONCORD 2 (QUANTITY)
EXERCISES
Clue  Degree of Quantity

A. Fill in the blanks with (much/many/(a)little/(a)few).
1. You must not spend ________ money now.
2. There are ________ people in the town hall today.
3. John is not popular. He has ________ friends in this town.
4. We must be quick. There is ________ time.
5. Would you like to give me ________ sugar, please? It’ll taste better.
6. Jack only wants to visit ________ countries when he has a leisure time.
7. There is no ________ difference about those plans.
8. We can find ________ differences between English and Japanese.
B. Change the underlined nouns into the correct form (Count/Non-count).

1. I want to read a papers  (________)
2. I need some papers to write on.  (________)
3. Can you collect some datums about the students.  (________)
4. You must understand a phenomena occurred in this country. (________)
5. Do you love musics?  (________)
6. I’ll show you some job from the advertisement.  (________)
7. Will you go down stair to see what is happening?  (________)
8. I’ll give some advices to make your English better.  (________)
C. Choose the correct choice of the underlined verbs. Is it singular or Plural?

1. Water is/are very important to make our body healthy.
2. Books is/are very good for the students at school.
3. Police keep/keeps order the street.
4. Each family has/have to protect their own children.
5. The trousers does/do not fit me.
6. Physics was/were my best subject at school.
7. The furniture is/are very good in this shop.
8. Rice commonly grow/grows in Asia.
D. Choose the best choice to the following questions.

1. Different interpretations on the same event by various newspapers ____ readers
confused and angry.
a. to make b. makes c. make d. it makes
2. At the beginning of the semester, each of the students ____ given a new time table.
a. is b. be c. are d. am
3. Due to the monetary crisis, the number of people without jobs ____ at the moment.
a. increase b. to increase c. increases d. increasing
4. One of the problems faced by foreign businessmen ____ the frequent changing of
regulation.
a. are b. to be c. be d. is
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5. The number of the students graduating from university ____ increased over the past
few years.
a. to have b. having c. has d. have
6. A number of the reporters ____ at the conference now.
a. is b. are c. am d. be
7. The majority of applicants joining the test and interview ____ University graduate.
a. to be b. is c. are d. be
8. Neither of the two candidates ____ reliable to lead the company.
a. is b. be c. are d. to be
9. The use of credit cards in place of cash ____ high nowadays.
a. be b. is c. to be d. are
10. All the classmates of their only son ____ in the living room now.
a. be b. is c. are d. being
11. Five hundred miles ____ a long distance to drive in on one day.
a. be b. are c. is d. being
12. Neither the football players nor their coach ____ satisfied with the result of the
match.
a. to be b. be c. were d. was
13. The number of people attending the concert ____ not as had been expected.
a. be b. were c. to be d. was
14. It was a miracle that neither the driver nor the passengers ____ injured in the
accident.
a. was b. be c. were d. being
15. A new couple of marriage ____ happy at the party last night.
a. was b. are c. be d. were
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TENSES
EXERCISE
 Clue  Present Simple

1. Alex is a bus driver (+)
______________________________________________________ (-)
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-What)
2. They are not in the garden now (-)
______________________________________________________ (+)
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-Where)
3. Is she very happy today (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (+)
______________________________________________________ (-)
______________________________________________________ (?-Why)
4. Tom often gets up late in the morning (+)
______________________________________________________ (-)
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-Why)
5. You do not come from Canada (-)
______________________________________________________ (+)
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-Where)
6. Does he play tennis in the yard every morning (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (+)
______________________________________________________ (-)
______________________________________________________ (?-What)
7. The sun sets in the west (+)
______________________________________________________ (-)
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-Where)
8. You love me (+)
______________________________________________________ (-)
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-Why)
9. I do not live without you (-)
______________________________________________________ (+)
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-How)
10. They are fine today (+)
______________________________________________________ (-)
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-How)
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B. Identify the following statements. Is it Habitual Action (HA) or General
Truth (GT)?
1. It snows in Alaska. (____)
2. I eat three times a day. (____)
3. It doesn’t rain very much in summer. (____)
4. He always goes to bed before midnight. (____)
5. She is a nurse at Hilton Hospital. (____)
6. The ice is cold. (____)
7. Bees make honey. (____)
8. George often sleeps late at night. (____)
9. Vegetarians do not eat meat. (____)
10. The bank opens at 09.00 every day. (____)
C. Change the verbs in the brackets into the correct form. Use the Present
Simple.
1. Ann ________ (speak) English very well.
2. I never ________ (drink) coffee in the evening.
3. Bad driving ________ (cause) many accidents in the street.
4. My parents usually ________ (not/live) in a very small flat in this town.
5. What time ________ (the banks/close) in Britain?
6. Where ________ (Lee/come) from?
7. It ________ (take) me an hour to get to work.
8. Rice ________ (not/grow) in Britain.
9. The earth ________ (go) around the sun.
10. How often ________ (you/visit) your parents in the village?
D. Situational exercise.
Make the questions to the following statements. Use the Present Simple.
1. You know that Jane plays tennis. You want to know how often.
____________________________________________________?
2. You know that Jane reads a magazine. You want to know which one.
____________________________________________________?
3. You know that Jane works. You want to know what she does.
____________________________________________________?
4. You know Jane goes to the cinema a lot. You want to know how often.
____________________________________________________?
5. You don’t know where Jane lives?
____________________________________________________?
E. Choose the best choice to the following questions!

1. The water ____ at 100 degrees Celsius.
a. boil b. boiling c. boils d. to boil
2. Laura : Why do you look so sad?
Tim : My father ____ sick today so he can’t deliver me to the party.
a. feel b. feeling c. felt d. feels
3. Nurses ____ the patients in the hospital.
a. looks after b. looking after c. look after d. to look after
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4. Susan is very big. She ____ 80 kilos.
a. weighed b. weighs c. weigh d. is weighing
5. Diana : What do you do here?
Sarah : I ____ John in the class.
a. see b. am seeing c. to see d. sees
6. Paul : What do you think about Joe’s school.
John : He ____ much money to pay his school fee.
a. need b. needing c. needed d. needs
7. There ____ always the mistakes for the students in learning English.
a. is b. are c. am d. was
8. Jane often ____ when looking at me.
a. smiles b. smiling c. is smiling d. smile
9. We ____ an English class today.
a. has b. are having c. have d. having
10. Why ____ Mike and John in the class today?
a. was b. is c. are d. were
 Clue  Present Progressive

1. Amy is reading a magazine at the moment (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-What)
2. They are not playing in the garden now (-)
_____________________________________________________ (+)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-Where)
3. Is she going to the office today (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?-Why)
4. Tom is visiting his girlfriend soon (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-Why)
5. You are not studying at the library at present (-)
_____________________________________________________ (+)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-Where)
6. Is he building a new house this year (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?-What)
7. They are meeting at a hotel next to the bank soon (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
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_____________________________________________________ (?-Where)
8. The economic situation is getting worse today (+)

______________________________________________________ (-)
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-Why)
9. The inflation is not increasing very fast in a moment (-)
______________________________________________________ (+)
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-How)
10. Your English is getting better now (+)
______________________________________________________ (-)
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-How)
B. Situational exercise
Use the Present Progressive to the following sentences. Use negative form if it is
possible.
1. Diana usually plays tennis at noon.
But today _________________________________ in the morning.
2. Kathy often sits down in front of the class
But now ___________________________________ at the back.
3. It sometimes rains in the morning.
But ______________________________________ at the moment.
4. He always goes to bed late at night.
But tonight _________________________________ early soon.
5. She seldom meets the manager in the office at lunch time.
But now ___________________________________ at lunch time.
6. The tax generally increases every year.
But _______________________________________ this year.
7. Ben never tells his problem to the teacher.
But _______________________________________ now.
8. The water usually flows into the river very fast.
But _______________________________________ slowly now.
9. Tom rarely goes to the party.
But _______________________________________ tonight.
10. Kim frequently visits his girlfriend after school.
But _______________________________________ this week.
C. Change the verbs in the brackets into the correct form. Use the Present
Progressive.
1. Let’s go out. It ________ (not/rain) now.
2. Hurry up! Everybody ________ (wait) for you at the moment.
3. Her English ________ (get) better. She is quick at learning a language
4. What ________ (you/talk about)? Let me know.
5. Tell me now. Where ________ (you/go) now?
6. I must go now. It ________ (get) late.
7. The Smiths ________ (not/make) a new garden this year.
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8. Nowadays the world ________ (change). Don’t worry about it.
D. Choose the best choice to the following questions!

1. She is not in her room now. She ____ breakfast at this restaurant.
a. has b. have c. is having d. having
2. You must not disturb me. I ____ about my lesson now.
a. think b. thinks c. thinking d. am thinking
3. “Look! The sky is dark, it ___ soon.”
“Oh, no, I do not bring my umbrella with me now.
a. rains b. is raining c. rained d. are raining
4. How is your English now? “It ____ better.”
a. gets b. get c. is getting d. getting
5. Johan looks very busy now. He ____ his homework.
a. do b. does c. is doing d. did
6. Susan can’t get the phone because she ____ her hair now.
a. washes b. is washing c. are washing d. washes
7. Don’t put the dictionary away. I ____it.
a. uses b. am still using c. are use d. is using
8. Teacher: Have the boys had their breakfast?
Peter : Not yet, they ____.
a. will take a bath c. are still taking a bath
b. have taken a bath d. were taking a bath
9. Noah : May I borrow your pen?
Bill : I am sorry, my sister ____ it.
a. reads b. read c. is still reading d. has read
10. Ferry : Do I hear something?
Don : Yes, somebody ____ the door now.
a. knocks b. knock c. knocked d. is knocking
E. Integrated exercise
Correct the verbs (tenses) of the following sentences. Use either Present Simple
or Present Progressive.
1. The water is freezing at 0 degree Celsius.
_____________________________________________________
2. Doctors cures the patients in the hospital every day.
_____________________________________________________
3. Mike is seeing the car accident in the street at the moment.
_____________________________________________________
4. There are always a mistake in learning English.
_____________________________________________________
5. He is having an English class today.
_____________________________________________________
6. Sorry, I think about the lesson now.
_____________________________________________________
7. I am thinking that your opinion is true.
_____________________________________________________
8. Frank and Tom are looking very busy with their work now.
_____________________________________________________
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9. The Smiths does not go to London every week.
_____________________________________________________
10. Does the children often meet you in the classroom?
_____________________________________________________
11. Look! The man tries to break your car windows.
_____________________________________________________
12. After studying hard, his English gets better now.
_____________________________________________________
13. The cost of living rises nowadays.
_____________________________________________________
14. Bill builds a new house this year.
_____________________________________________________
15. The earth is moving around the sun.
_____________________________________________________
 Clue  Present Perfect

1. Alex has been a bus driver for two years (+)
______________________________________________________ (-)
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-How long)
2. They have not been in the garden so far (-)
______________________________________________________ (+)
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-Where)
3. Has she been sick for two days (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (+)
______________________________________________________ (-)
______________________________________________________ (?-How long)
4. Tom has cried since morning (+)
______________________________________________________ (-)
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-Why)
5. You have not done your work yet (-)
_____________________________________________________ (+)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-What)
6. Has he played tennis in the yard since morning (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?-What)
7. She has just put the flower on the terrace (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-Where)
8. You have just built a new house (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
96
_____________________________________________________ (?-Why)
9. Kim has not read a new magazine (-)

_____________________________________________________ (+)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-What)
10. They have already bought fifty pigeons (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-How many)
B. Change the verbs in the brackets into the correct form. Use the Present
Perfect.
1. Up to now, Professor Swan ________ (give) our class five tests.
2. Bill ________ (be) in this city since last January.
3. I ________ (know) Adam for three years.
4. In her whole life, Anne ________ (never, see) snow.
5. We ________ (have) three meetings so far.
6. Tim ________ (visit) Perth twice.
7. Tell me now. Where ________ (you, be)?
8. Mike ________ (lose) his car key. We must help him.
9. The Smiths ________ (not, make) a new garden recently.
10. Ask him now. What ________ (he, do) recently?
C. Choose the best choice to the following questions!

1. The classroom was dirty 20 minutes ago. Now it is very clean.
The students ___ it.
a. cleaned c. have cleaned
b. are cleaning d. clean
2. I ____ many people since in June
a has met c. was meeting
b. has met d. met
3. I’m afraid there’s nothing for lunch since Frank ____ our meal.
a. eats b. is eating c. has eaten d. eat
4. Anne : How long has he been the principal of our school?
Alice : Since I ____ this school.
a. am entering c. entered
b. is entering d. had entered
5. Quick! Phone the ambulance now, a car ____ his leg.
a. breaks b. is breaking c. has broken d. break
6. John : Mike, you look so sad today. What’s the mater?
Mike : My father ____ his job.
a. loses b. is losing c. has just lost d. lose
7. John : Susi seems to be very delighted.
Baker : Sure she does. Don’t you know her boyfriend ____ from this University.
a. graduate b. graduates c.. has graduated d..is graduating
8. William: Where is my dictionary? It was on my desk.
Andy : Perhaps somebody ____ it.
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a. will take b. is taking c. has taken d. takes
9. Tom : Ten years ago there was no statue in front of this building..
Diana : Well, it ____ there for three years now.
a. is b. has been c. was d. be
10. Several hotels in this region are closing down. That’s because tourism
itself ____ since last year.
a. is declining b. declined c. declines d. has declined
D. Situational exercise
Read the situations and write the questions for each. Use the Present Perfect.
1. Jack tells you that his mother is in hospital.
(How long/be) ____________________________________________________
2. Tom is looking for his key. He can’t find it. He forgets the place.
(Where/put) ____________________________________________________
3. Jane tells you that she is Carol’s good friend.
(How long/know) ____________________________________________________
4. Bill went to Mexico two weeks ago. He is still there now.
(How long/be) ____________________________________________________
5. Jane is returning a book that he borrowed yesterday. It was the second
time for him
to read the book.
(How many times/read)
____________________________________________________
6. I didn’t see anything on Tom’s table yesterday. But now there is
something on it.
(What/buy) ____________________________________________________
7. I found the computer broken last night. But it works now.
(Who/fix) ____________________________________________________
8. Frank tells you that he wants to visit a museum downtown again.
(How many times/visit)
____________________________________________________
Correct the verbs (tenses) to the following sentences. Use either the Present
Perfect or Past Simple.
1. Thomas Alfa Edison has invented lamp a long time ago.
_____________________________________________________
2. Where have you been born?
_____________________________________________________
3. Aristotle has been a Greek philosopher in the past.
_____________________________________________________
4. I wrote many novels recently.
_____________________________________________________
5. He worked in this company for a long time.
_____________________________________________________
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6. It was long time since we met.
_____________________________________________________
7. How long were you here so far?
_____________________________________________________
8. What has happened with your mother last night?
_____________________________________________________
9. I did not see you for ages.
_____________________________________________________
10. Were you ever to London before?
_____________________________________________________
 Clue  Present Perfect Progressive

1. Alex has been driving a car for two hours (+)
______________________________________________________ (-)
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-How long)
2. They have not been waiting in the garden so far (-)
______________________________________________________ (+)
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-Where)
3. Has it been raining the whole day (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (+)
______________________________________________________ (-)
______________________________________________________ (?-How long)
4. Tom has been crying since morning (+)
______________________________________________________ (-)
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-Why)
5. You have not been watching news program all day (-)
______________________________________________________ (+)
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-What)
6. Has he been playing tennis in the yard since morning (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (+)
______________________________________________________ (-)
______________________________________________________ (?-What)
7. She has been sitting on the terrace all morning (+)
______________________________________________________ (-)
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-Where)
8. You have been making a new report since morning (+)
______________________________________________________ (-)
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-Why)
9. Kim has not been reading a new magazine in his room (-)
______________________________________________________ (+)
99
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-What)
10. They have been building some houses since last year (+)
______________________________________________________ (-)
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-How many)
B. Choose the best choice to the following questions!
1. Bill : Do you know John will be promoted a manager here.
Lee : He deserves to get it. He ____ here for a long time.
a. works b. work c. has been working d. worked
2. Her English is getting better. She ____ English for years.
a. learned b. will learn c. has been learning d. learns
3. Hello, Tom. I ____ you all morning. Where have you been?
a. have been looking for c. was looking for
b. look for d. will be looking for
4. We always go to Ireland for our holidays. We ____ there for years.
a. will go b. had gone c. have been going d. was going
5. I ____ about what you said and I’ve decided to take your advice.
a. will think c. am going to think
b. have been thinking d. think
6. Can we stop for a minute? We ____ all day.
a. have been walking c. are going to walk
b. had walked d. were walking
7. Susan : “How long ___ you ___ living in Bali?”
Jane : “I have been living in Bali for three years”
a. had / been b. has / being c. has / been d. have / been
8. Lee : Look! The ground is wet.
George: It ____ the whole day.
a. rain b. rained c. has been raining d. is raining
9. All these years Ben’s family ____ in poverty.
a. lived b. is living c. has been living d. was living
10. Ann : You look sun burnt. What‘s the matter with you?
Ronald : I ____ in the sun for a week. I still enjoy doing this.
a. am sitting b. had sat c. have been sitting d. will sit
C. Situational exercise
Read the situations and make the conclusions showing about the result (Present
Perfect) and duration (Present Perfect Progressive).
1. Tom started learning mathematics two hours ago. He is still learning
now and he is
on lesson five.
Result  (learn/lesson five)
_____________________________________________________
Duration  (learn/two hours)
_____________________________________________________
2. Linda is from Australia. She is visiting five countries in Europe at the
moment. She
began her tour three months ago.
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Result  (travel/five countries)
_____________________________________________________
Duration  (travel/three months)
_____________________________________________________
3. Jimmy is a tennis player. He began playing tennis when he was ten
years old. This
year he is a professional player.
Result  (play/as a professional)

_____________________________________________________
Duration  (play/ten years)
_____________________________________________________
4. When they left college ten years ago, Mary and Sue started making
films together. They are making their tenth film today.
Result  (make/ten films)
_____________________________________________________
Duration  (make films/they left college)
_____________________________________________________
5. Sally is a university student. She started studying at Cambridge
University two years ago. She is in the fifth semester now.
Result  (study/the fifth semester)
_____________________________________________________
Duration  (study/two years)
_____________________________________________________
D. Integrated exercise
Change the verbs in the bracket into the correct form. Use either the Present
Perfect or Present Perfect Progressive.
1. Oh, no! Somebody ________ (break) the window.
2. Look! Jane is falling down. She looks very tired. She ________ (work)
for ten
hours.
3. I ________ (ever, work) in this company before.
4. This is my best company. I ________ (work) here since last year.
5. Let’s go out now. The rain ________ (stop).
6. I think we can go nowhere today. It ________ (rain) all day.
7. Tom : I can’t find you at the airport now. Where are you?
Betty : Sorry, I left you. I ________ (wait) you for three hours before.
8. Why are you late again? I ________ (wait) you for three hours.
9. I don’t want to go to London for holiday now. I ________ (travel) there
three
times.
10. Sorry for being late to tell you! I ________ (travel) round Europe for
two weeks
now.
E. Put for or since to the following sentences.
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1. It’s been raining ________ lunchtime.
2. Tom’s father has been doing the same job ________ twenty years.
3. Have you been learning English ________ a long time?
4. Sarah has lived in London ________ 1990.
5. ________ Winter, the weather has been quite cold.
6. The house is very dirty. We haven’t cleaned it ________ ages.
7. I haven’t got a good meal ________ last Tuesday.
8. It’s been long time ________ we left.
9. Please hurry up! They have been waiting ____ an hour
10. Kevin has been looking for a job ____ he left school.
 Clue Past Simple

1. Alex was a doctor at Hilton Hospital ten years ago (+)
_______________________________________________________ (-)
_______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_______________________________________________________ (?-What)
2. They were not in the garden last night (-)
_______________________________________________________ (+)
_______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_______________________________________________________ (?-Where)
3. Was she very happy yesterday (?Y/N)
_______________________________________________________ (+)
_______________________________________________________ (-)
_______________________________________________________ (?-Why)
4. Tom got up late this morning (+)
_______________________________________________________ (-)
_______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_______________________________________________________ (?-Why)
5. You did not go to cinema two days ago (-)
_______________________________________________________ (+)
_______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_______________________________________________________ (?-Where)
6. Did he play tennis in the yard yesterday (?Y/N)
_______________________________________________________ (+)
_______________________________________________________ (-)
_______________________________________________________ (?-What)
7. Tom wrote a letter in the library last night (+)
_______________________________________________________ (-)
_______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_______________________________________________________ (?-Where)
8. You hit me with the stick (+)
_______________________________________________________ (-)
_______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_______________________________________________________ (?-Why)
9. I did not work without you last year (-)
_______________________________________________________ (+)
102
_______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_______________________________________________________ (?-How)
10. They were fine last week (+)
_______________________________________________________ (-)
_______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_______________________________________________________ (?-How)
B. Change the following sentences into the Past Simple form. Use the time
signal in the bracket.
1. It works.
(last month) ____________________________________________________
2. It doesn’t rain very much.
(two days ago) ____________________________________________________
3. He goes to bed early.
(last night) ____________________________________________________
4. She is a nurse at Hilton Hospital.
(ten years ago) ____________________________________________________
5. It is cold now.
(last night) ____________________________________________________
6. George is nervous to meet me .
(yesterday) ____________________________________________________
7. Do you play chess?
(last week) ____________________________________________________
8. Is the company bankrupt?
(last year) ____________________________________________________
C. Change the verbs in the brackets into the correct form. Use the Past
Simple.
1. Many people ________ (be) at the town hall last night.
2. Professor Jim ________ (teach) in my school two years ago
3. My parents ________ (not/be) angry with me yesterday.
4. What time ________ (the banks/open) this morning?
5. Where ________ (Lee/be) two days ago?
6. It ________ (take) me an hour to get to work yesterday.
7. Ricky ________ (not/go) to Canada last summer.
8. She ________ (not/be) at home last night.
D. Situational exercise.
Make the conclusion to the following statements.
1. Tom usually smoked after meal ten years ago but he stops smoking now.
(used to) _____________________________________________________
2. Jane watched cartoon when she was young and she still loves it now.
(be used to) _____________________________________________________
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3. I never repaired my car by myself a few years ago but I like doing it now.
(get used to) _____________________________________________________
4. Bill usually took a bus to the office but he drives himself now.
(used to) _____________________________________________________
5. Lisa did not like drinking milk but she always has three glasses a day now.
(get used to) _____________________________________________________

1. The Smiths ____ in the garden yesterday.
a. is b. are c. were d. was
2. Mike and I ____ until midnight last week.
a. works b. working c. worked d. is working
3 Police : When did you realize that you had lost your purse?
Woman : When I ____ money to pay the bus fare.
a. need b. was needing c. needed d. will need
4. What did Kim and Tom ____ last year?
a. study b. studying c. studies d. studied
5. Paul : Where were you last week, John?
John: I ____ at Hilton Hospital.
a. am b. were c. are d. was
6. There ____ an earthquake in London several months ago.
a. were b. was c. is d. are
7. Susan ____ under the tree when It ____ to rain last night.
a. stood – begin c. stand – began
b. stood – began d. stand - begin
8. John ____ too much at the party last night.
a. eating b. eats c. ate d. eat
9. Gaby : Did you see the children when you came home this afternoon?
Jack : No, they ____ their friend in the hospital.
a. visited b. are visiting c. have visited d. visits
10. Mozart ____ more than 600 pieces of music
a. write b. is writing c. wrote d. writes
11. We could not afford to keep our car, so we ____ it last week.
a. sell b. selling c. is sold d. sold
12. Did Ann ____ a lot of money yesterday?
a. spent b. spending c. spend d. spends
13. Director : So you have finished typing those letters. When did you do it?
Young : When you ____ the meeting.
a. attend b. attended c. will attend d. had attended
14. Terry : What happened to tree in front of your house?
Jean: Oh, I ____ last Sunday
a. have cut it down c. will cut it down
b. am cutting it down d. cut it down
15. The rings ____ one hundred dollars last week.
a. cost b. costing c. costs d. was cost
 Clue  Past Progressive
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1. Alex was doing his homework at this time yesterday (+)
_______________________________________________________ (-)
_______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_______________________________________________________ (?-What)
2. They were not playing in the garden at ten last night (-)
______________________________________________________ (+)
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-Where)
3. Was she washing her hair at eight o’clock yesterday (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (+)
______________________________________________________ (-)
______________________________________________________ (?-Why)
4. Tom was reading at the library at seven o’clock this morning
(+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-Where)
5. You were not going to cinema at this time yesterday (-)
_____________________________________________________ (+)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-Where)
6. Was he playing tennis in the yard yesterday (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?-What)
7. Tom was writing a letter in his room last night (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-Where)
8. It was raining hard at nine o’clock yesterday (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-What time)
9. She was not working at this time last week (-)
____________________________________________________ (+)
____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
____________________________________________________ (?-Why)
10. They were running very fast at this time yesterday (+)
____________________________________________________ (-)
____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
____________________________________________________ (?-How)
Underline the following sentences or actions which may occur earlier than the
other.
1. Mike found his watch when he opened his wardrobe.
105
2. When Tom climbed the mountain, he took some photographs.
3. People felt happy when they joined the party yesterday.
4. My father was fixing his car when I came home this morning.
5. Frank hid my bag when he was in the class last week.
6. While my sister was riding a motorcycle, someone robbed her

bag
7. The burglar was trying to break the window when I got up

from the bed.
8. The monkeys jumped away when they saw a falling tree.
9. The birds flew away when they heard a shot gun.
10. Tom picked me up while I was making up my face on the

mirror.
C. Integrated exercise 1
Arrange these sentences into the correct order.
1. breakfast – was – I – While – having – the accident – occurred.
_____________________________________________________
2. barked – the dog – the thief – when – came in.
_____________________________________________________
3. the telephoned – was – I – rang – sleeping – while.
_____________________________________________________
4. walking – rained – I – it – was – when – home.
_____________________________________________________
5. the cat – crashed – the car – was – crossing – when.
_____________________________________________________
6. enjoying – we – the party – the lamp – were – while – turned
off.
_____________________________________________________
7. he – when – into pieces – the glass – broke – fell down – the
floor.
_____________________________________________________
8. when – rang – the thief – the alarm – the window – opened.
_____________________________________________________
D. Integrated exercise 2
Change the verbs in the bracket into the correct form. Use either the Past Simple
or Past Progressive.
106
1. I ________ (call) Roger last night, but he ________ (study) at
that time.
2. I ________ (not, hear) the thunder during the storm last night
because I ________ (sleep).
3. My brother and sister ________ (argue) about something when
I ________ (walk) into the room.
4. When I ________ (open) the package in the mail, I ________
(get) a surprise.
5. The boys ________ (not, be) there because they ________
(play) soccer in the vacant lot down the street.
6. Stanley ________ (climb) the stairs when she ________ (fall)
down and ________ (hurt) her back.
7. While Mrs. Stoner ________ (read) a magazine in the living
room, she ________ (feel) asleep and ________ (go) to bed.
8. Ten years ago, the government ________ (decide) to begin a
food program. At that time, people ________ (starve) due to several years of
draught.
9. Jane ________ (wait) for me when I ________ (arrive) at
home.
10. We ________ (walk) along the street when suddenly we
________ (hear) footsteps behind us.

1. While Tom ____ TV, the phone ____ last night.
a. watched – rings c. was watching – rang
b. is watching - ring d. watched – was rung
2. The engine ____ smoothly when it suddenly ____ yesterday.
a. run – was stopping c. was running - stopped
b. is running - stops d. run - stopped
3. Frank : When did the farmers find these ancient tools?
David : While he ____ his field.
a. is digging b. was digging c. will dig d. has dig
4. I didn’t hear the thunder during the storm last night because I ____ soundly.
a. sleep c. have been sleeping
b. have slept d .was sleeping
5. Rudi ____ strange noise while he ____ TV last night.
a. heard - was watching c. hears - watches
b. was hearing - watched d. was hearing – was watching
6. At eight o’clock last night, she ____ English in her room.
a. is studying b. studied c. was studying d. studies
7. Susan ____ under the tree when It ____ to rain last night.
a. stood – begin c. stand – began
b. stood – began d. stand - begin
8. I ____ Tom while I ____ to London last month.
a. meet – go c. am meeting – am going
b. met – was going d. was meeting – went
107
9. While Tom ____ for dinner, he ____ his hand.
a. cooked – was burning c. was cooking – burnt
b. is cooking – burns d. cooked – burnt
10. We ____ an accident when we ____ home last night.
a. saw – drove c. were seeing – drove
b. see – were driving d. see – drive
 Clue  Past Perfect

1. Alex had been a bus driver for two years before he came here (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-How long)
2. They had not been in the garden when mother arrived home (-)
___________________________________________________ (+)
___________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
___________________________________________________ (?-Where)
3. Had she been sick for two days last week (?Y/N)
___________________________________________________ (+)
___________________________________________________ (-)
___________________________________________________ (?-How long)
4. Tom had stopped crying for an hour when mother came home (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-Why)
5. You had not done your work when teacher came into the class (-)
_____________________________________________________ (+)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-What)
6. Had he played tennis for two weeks in the yard last month (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?-What)
7. She had put the flower on the terrace before the sun set (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-Where)
8. You had built a new house last year (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-Why)
9. Kim had not read a new magazine when Tom met him (-)
_____________________________________________________ (+)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-What)
108
10. They had already bought fifty pigeons before I came back (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-How many)
B. Arrange these words into the correct sentence form. Use the Past Perfect.
1. I / sell / my car
_______________________________before you gave me money.
2. My father / not / start / a new job
_________________________________________when he retired.
3. Kim / give up / smoking
_________________________________before he got heart attack.
4. Charles and Sarah / go / to Singapore.
_____________________________________when I visited them.
5. Suzanne / has / a baby
_____________________________before she moved to this city.
6. You / buy / a ticket?
______________________________before you entered the zoo?
7. What / most beautiful place / you / visit?
__________________________________before you left this city?
8. How long / you / be / here?
________________________________________when I arrived?
9. I / not / see / the film

___________________________________when the movie closed.
10. She / not / drive / a car
____________________________before she had a driving license.
C. Change the verbs in the brackets into the correct form. Use the Past
Perfect.
1. You went to Jill’s house, but he wasn’t there. He ________ (go) out.
2. You went back to your home town after many years last month, and it was not the
same as before. It ________ (change) a lot.
3. I invited Rachel to the party but she could not come. She ________ (arrange) to
do
something else.
4. You went to the cinema last night, but you arrived to the cinema late. The film
________ (begin).
5. It was very pleased to see Tim again after such a long time. So I ________ (not,
see) him for ten months last year.
6. I offered Sue something to eat but she was not hungry. She ________ (eat) a lot.
7. The man sitting next to me was very nervous, it was his first flight. He ________
(not, fly) before.
8. A woman walked into the room yesterday, she was a stranger to me. I ________
(never, see) her before.
9. Simon played tennis yesterday, he was not good to play. He ________ (not, play)
for a long time.
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10. Last year we went to Denmark, it was our first time there. We ________ (never,
be) there before.

1. Uncle took a shower after he ___ the radio.
a. had fixed b. fixed c. was fixing d. fixes
2. Sarah : When you telephoned me, I ____ breakfast already
Fowler : I didn’t disturb you, did I?
a. have b. have had c. has had d. had had
3. She ____ English for an hour when you came last night.
a. is studying b. studied c. studies d. had studied
4. Jenny : I did not see Richard when I went to his house yesterday.
Kim : Oh, he ____ for Singapore to see his parents.
a. will leave b. has left c. is leaving d. had left
5. My brother ____ a lot of photographs of the Great Wall when she went to China on
his last vacation.
a. has taken b. is taking c. had taken d. has been taking
6. Tom : Why did you refuse to eat dinner with her last night?
Bill : I ____ a lot before.
a. eat b. have eaten c. was eating d. had eaten
7. Frank : Why were you very nervous to drive last week?
John : I got confused. I ____ for a long time.
a. did not drive c. have not driven
b. had not driven d. will not drive
8. Baker : I got bored with the film last night. I ____ for five times before.
Kim : Why didn’t you find another film?
a. watched c. had watched
b. was watching d. watch
9. Jane : Why did you look so sad last week?
Lisa : My father ____ sick for five days. He could not deliver me to my friend’s
party.
a. have been b. was c. had been d. were
10. Every body ____ ready to go for an hour when you arrived this morning.
a. was b. were c. has been d. had been
E. Situational exercise
Read the situations and make the conclusion for each. Use the Past Perfect.
1. Sarah and Paul went to a party last week but they did not see each other. Paul went
home at 11.00 and Sarah arrived at 11.30.
 __________________________________________________
2. Lisa called the police this morning because the burglar stole her TV. Lisa slept at
10.00 and the burglar came into her house at 12.00.
 __________________________________________________
3. Frank did not answer the telephone yesterday. He went out in the morning but I
called him at noon.
 __________________________________________________
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4. John and Laura were disappointed in the movie last night. They came at 07.00 but
the film started at 06.00.
 __________________________________________________
5. I did not know when Robert went to England to meet his colleagues last week. He
went on Monday but I came to see him on Tuesday.
 __________________________________________________
 Clue  Past Perfect Progressive

1. Alex had been driving a car for an hour before he got the town
(+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-How long)
2. They had been not sitting in the garden for an hour when Lee
arrived home (-)
_____________________________________________________ (+)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-Where)
3. Had it been raining for two hours when I woke up (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?-How long)
4. Tom had been crying for an hour when I came home (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-Why)
5. You had not been doing your work all morning yesterday (-)
__________________________________________________ (+)
__________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
__________________________________________________ (?-What)
6. Had he been playing tennis for three hours before I called you
(?Y/N)
__________________________________________________ (+)
__________________________________________________ (-)
__________________________________________________ (?-What)
7. She had been hiding behind the door for an hour before I found
her (+)
__________________________________________________ (-)
__________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
__________________________________________________ (?-Where)
8. You had been living alone for ten years before you married
Jane (+)
__________________________________________________ (-)
__________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
__________________________________________________ (?-Why)
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9. Kim had not been reading a magazine in the class when Gill
saw him (-)
__________________________________________________ (+)
__________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
__________________________________________________ (?-What)
10. They had been writing a letter for five hours before they went
away (+)
__________________________________________________ (-)
__________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
__________________________________________________ (?-How long)
B. Arrange these words into the correct sentence form. Use the Past Perfect
Progressive.
1. I / study / the lesson / six hours
________________________________________ when I got tired
2. My father / not / find / a new job / two years
_________________________________________when I told you.
3. Kim / smoke / twenty years
_________________________________ when he got heart attack.
4. Charles and Sarah / live / in Singapore / a year
_____________________________________when I visited them.
5. Suzanne / stay / in a flat / two months
_______________________________when she moved to this city.
6. You / stand / in front of the gate / an hour?
________________________________ when you entered the zoo?
7. How many people / you / invite?
_________________________________ when you held the party?
8. How long / you / live / here?
______________________________________ when you moved?
9. I / not / watch / the film / two hours
_________________________________when the lamp turned off.
10. She / drive / a car / four years
_____________________________ when his car crashed last year.
C. Choose the best choice to the following questions!

1. I was very tired when I arrived home. I ____ hard all day last week.
a. had been working c. worked
b. was working d. work
2. When the teacher came into the class, some students were dirty and had black
eyes.
They ____ .
a. are fighting b. fought c. had been fighting d. fight
3. Our game of tennis was interrupted. We ____ for an hour when it started to rain
very heavily.
a. have played c. have been playing
b. had been playing d. were playing
4. Ken gave up smoking two years ago. He ____ for 10 years before
a. has smoked c. was smoking
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b. smoked d. had been smoking
5. The two boys got tired yesterday. They ____ for five hours when they asked to
rest
for a while.
a. walked c. have walked
b. had been walking d. will walk
6. Jack suddenly realized that the teacher was asking him a question. He
could not
answer because he ____ for the last ten minutes yesterday.
a. had been daydreaming c. has been daydreaming
b. daydreamed d. will daydream
7. At least two hundred people began waiting in line to buy tickets to the game last
week. Even some of them ____ in line for more than three hours before the game
started.
a. stood c. have stood
b. had been standing d. stand
8. It was midnight. I ____ for five straight hours. No wonder I was getting tired.
a. have been studying c. was studying
b. had been studying d. studied
D. Situational exercise
Read the situations and make the conclusion for each. Use the Past Perfect
Progressive.
1. We played tennis yesterday. Half an hour after we began playing, it
started to rain.
 _________________________________________________
2. Lisa had arranged to meet Tom in a restaurant. Lisa arrived and waited
for him.
After 20 minutes she realized that she was in the wrong restaurant.
 _________________________________________________
3. Sarah worked in a factory. Five years later, the factory closed down.
 _________________________________________________
4. I went to a concert last week. The orchestra began playing. After about
ten minutes,
a man in the audience began shouting.
 _________________________________________________
5. Mike watched TV last night. Two hours later after he began watching
TV, I arrived
home.
 ________________________________________________
Change the verbs in the brackets into the correct form. Use the Past Perfect, Past
Perfect Progressive or Past Progressive
1. We were good friends ten years ago. We ________ (know) each other
for a long
time.
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2. It was very noisy next door. Our neighbors ________ (celebrate) a
party.
3. John and I went for a walk. I had difficulty keeping up with him because
he
________ (walk) so fast.
4. Marry was sitting on the ground. She was out of breath. She ________
(run) for an
hour.
5. When I arrived, everybody was sitting round the table and talking. Their
mouth was
empty but their stomachs were full. They ________ (eat).
6. When I arrived ten minutes late, everybody was sitting with their
mouths full. They
________ (eat).
7. Jim was on his hands and knees on the floor. He ________ (look for) his
contact
lens.
8. When I arrived, Kate ________ (wait) for me. She was rather annoyed
with me
because I was late. She ________ (wait) for a very long time.
9. I was sad when I sold my car. I ________ (have) it for a very long time.
10. We were extremely tired at the end of the journey. We ________
(travel) for more than 24 hours.
 Clue  Future Simple

1. Alex will be a doctor (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-What)
2. They will not be in the garden tomorrow (-)
_____________________________________________________ (+)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-Where)
3. Will she be very happy at the party (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?-Why)
4. Tom will get up late tomorrow morning (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-Why)
5. You will not go to cinema (-)
____________________________________________________ (+)
____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
____________________________________________________ (?-Where)
6. Will he play tennis in the yard tomorrow (?Y/N)
____________________________________________________ (+)
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____________________________________________________ (-)
____________________________________________________ (?-What)
7. Tom will write a letter in the library (+)
___________________________________________________ (-)
___________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
___________________________________________________ (?-Where)
8. You will go to the party by a taxi tomorrow (+)
___________________________________________________ (-)
___________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
___________________________________________________ (?-How)
9. She will not make a birthday cake (-)
___________________________________________________ (+)
___________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
___________________________________________________ (?-Why)
10. They will be fine tonight (+)
___________________________________________________ (-)
___________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
___________________________________________________ (?-How)
B. Identify the following statements. Is it Willingness (W), Plan (P) or Future

Arrangement (FA)?
1. If I am not busy, I’ll come to your party. (____)
2. It’s 9 o’clock. I’m going to meet John at ten. (____)
3. I’m visiting my parents. I can’t join the game now. (____)
4. What are you going to be in the future? (____)
5. What will you do tomorrow? (____)
6. Where are you going, John? We need you now. (____)
7. Don’t worry! I’m coming soon. (____)
8. I am disappointed. I won’t help you anymore. (____)
9. The cloud is thick. It’s going to rain soon. (____)
10. The plan succeeds. Everything is going to be all right. (____)
C. Change the following sentences into the Future Simple form (shall/will).
1. It works.
____________________________________________________
2. It doesn’t rain very much.
____________________________________________________
3. He goes to bed early.
____________________________________________________
4. George is nervous to meet me .
____________________________________________________
5. Do you play chess?
____________________________________________________
6. What do they eat?
____________________________________________________
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D. Situational Exercise
Read the situations and change the verbs in the brackets into the correct form.
Use Future Simple (shall/will or going to)
1. The phone rings and you answer. Somebody wants to speak to Jim.
Caller : Hello. Can I speak to Jim, please?
You : Just a moment. I __________ (get) him.
2. It’s a nice day. You’ve decided to sit in the garden. You tell your friend.
You : The weather is nice. I __________ (sit) in the garden.
Friend : That’s a good idea. I think I __________ (join) you.
3. Your friend is worried because she has lost her letter.
You : Don’t worry about the letter. You __________ (find) it.
Friend : I hope so. I __________ (send) it at ten tomorrow.
4. There was a job advertised in the paper. But you decided not to apply it.
Friend : Look! There is a job vacancy. _______________ (you/apply)?
You : I don’t like that job. I __________ (not/apply) it.
5. John has to go to the airport to catch a plane tomorrow morning.
John : Ann, I need somebody to take me to the airport tomorrow.
Ann : That’s no problem. I __________ (take) you. What time?
John : 10.50
Ann : OK, we __________ (leave) at about 9 o’clock then.
6. There is a good TV show now. You’ve planned to turn on TV to watch it.
Mother : Why are you turning on the television?
You : I __________ (watch) the talk show.
7. John plans to use the camera for his friend’s party. But he doesn’t know the way
to use it.
John : I __________ (use) this camera for my friend’s party tonight.
You : That’s a good idea. What’s the matter?
John : I don’t know how to use it. Can you help me?
You : No problem. I __________ (show) you.
8. You get a headache now. You ask your friend an aspirin.
You : I get a headache.
Friend : Do you? Wait here, I __________ (get) an aspirin for you.

1. John : Can you come to Tom’s party tomorrow?
Ferry : Oh, sorry. I ____ my parents in London
a. visits b. visited c. am going to visit d. visiting
2. Sarah : What is your plan for this weekend?
Susan : I ____ to Tokyo.
a. went c. am going to go
b. have gone d. go
3. Freddy : Can you tell your brother to meet me at the library tomorrow?
Lim : Sure, I ____ him.
a. told b. am telling c. tells d. will tell
4. Look! The cloud is thick and dark. It ____ soon.
a. rains c. is going to rain
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c. has rained d. rain
5. Tom : What do you think about Jane?

Bill : Jane is never late. She ____ soon.
a. come b. has come c. is coming d. came
6. Susan : Can you wait for a minute. I ____ very long.
Dora : It’s OK.
a. am not b. will not be c. haven’t been d. was not
7. Gill : I’m sorry about yesterday. I promise It ____ again.
Sarah : Just forget it.
a. is not happening c. does not happen
b. did not happen d. will not happen
8. Maria : Have you decided where to go for your vacation?
Hans : Yes. I ____ my girlfriend in Italy.
a. meet c. met
b. was meeting d. am going to meet
 Clue  Future Progressive

1. Amy will be reading a magazine at this time tomorrow (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-What)
2. They will not be playing in the garden at nine tomorrow (-)
_____________________________________________________ (+)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-Where)
3. Will she be going to the office tomorrow morning (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?-Why)
4. Tom will be visiting his girlfriend at seven tonight (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-Why)
5. You will not be studying at the library at this time next week (-)
_____________________________________________________ (+)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-Where)
6. Will he be collecting stamps at this time next week (?Y/N)
____________________________________________________ (+)
____________________________________________________ (-)
____________________________________________________ (?-What)
7. They will be meeting at a hotel next to the bank at six tonight (+)
____________________________________________________ (-)
____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
____________________________________________________ (?-Where)
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8. She will be waiting for you at this time tomorrow (+)
____________________________________________________ (-)
____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
____________________________________________________ (?-With whom)
9. Tom will not be working at twelve tomorrow (-)
____________________________________________________ (+)
____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
____________________________________________________ (?-What time)
10. They will be packaging twenty books for the class tomorrow (+)
____________________________________________________ (-)
____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
____________________________________________________ (?-How many)
Use the Future Progressive to arrange the following sentences.
1. Diana / play / tennis
At this time tomorrow ___________________________________
2. Kathy / sit / on a terrace
At ten tomorrow ________________________________________
3. It / rain
Perhaps tomorrow morning _______________________________
4. He / go / to bed / late
At this time tonight ______________________________________
5. She / meet / the manager / in the office
Tomorrow afternoon ____________________________________
6. Kim / use / my bike / to the library
Tomorrow afternoon ____________________________________
7. Ben / tell / his problem / to the teacher
Tomorrow morning _____________________________________
8. We / have dinner / at this restaurant
At seven tonight _______________________________________
9. Tom / go / to the party
At this time tonight _____________________________________
10. Kim / visit / his girlfriend
At this time next week __________________________________
C. Change the verbs in the brackets into the correct form. Use the Future
Progressive.
1. Don’t phone me between 7 and 8. I ________ (have) dinner then.
2. Tomorrow afternoon we’re going to play tennis from 3 to 4 o’clock. So at 3.30 we
________ (play).
3. John : Can we meet tomorrow afternoon?
Betty : Not in the afternoon. I ________ (work).
4. What ________ (you/do) at this time tomorrow?
5. Kim : Are you usually free at nine?
Jane : Yes. But tomorrow morning I ________ (meeting) my boss.
118
6. I will begin to study at seven. You will come at 07.30. I ________ (study) when
you come tomorrow.
7. The Smiths ________ (not/make) a new garden at this time next year.
8. Right now I am sitting in the garden. At this time tomorrow I ________ (sit) in
the
garden.

1. She will not be in her room at this tomorrow. She ____a breakfast at this restaurant.
a. has b. will be having c. have d. is having
2. You must not disturb me at nine tomorrow. I ____ about my lesson.
a. think b. will be thinking c. think d. am thinking
Johan is usually busy. At this time tomorrow he ____ his homework.
a. do b. will be doing c. is doing d. did
3. Susan can’t get the phone now because she is washing her hair. At the same time
tomorrow she ____ her hair.
a. washes b. will be washing c. are washing d. washes
4. Don’t put the dictionary away tomorrow morning. I ____it.
a. uses b. am still using c. will be usingd. am using
5. Teacher: Tell the students to go to the library at nine tomorrow.
Peter : Yes, sir. They ____ at the library at that time.
a. will be studying c. are studying
b. have been studying d. were studying
6. Noah : Is it possible for me to meet you tonight?
Bill : I am sorry, I ____ my grandparents at seven tonight.
a. visit b. will be visiting c. is visiting d. has read
7. Ferry : Will you help me fix my car tomorrow afternoon?
Don : Sorry. I ____ to London.
a. am going b. will be going c. was going d. go
E. Read about Jenny. Then give information about her to the following times.
Use the Future Progressive.
Jenny goes to work every day. She leaves home at 8 o’clock and
arrives at work about 08.45. She starts work immediately and
continues until 12.30 when he has lunch, which takes about an hour.
He starts work again at 01.15 and goes home at exactly about 04.30.
After arriving home he takes a bath at 05.30 and eats dinner at 06.00.
She sometimes watches TV at 07.00 and finally she goes to bed and
sleep at 10.00 in the evening. Every day she follows the same routine
and tomorrow will be no exception.
What will Jenny be doing at this time tomorrow?

1. At 08.15 in the morning
_____________________________________________________
2. At 09.15 in the morning
_____________________________________________________
119
3. At 12.45 at noon
_____________________________________________________
4. At 04.45 at noon
_____________________________________________________
5. At 05.45 in the evening
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
8. At 11.00 at night
_____________________________________________________
 Clue  Future Perfect

1. Alex will have been a bus driver for two years by July (+)
______________________________________________________ (-)
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-How long)
2. They will not have been in the garden for two hours by eight (-)
______________________________________________________ (+)
______________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (?-Where)
3. Will she have been sick for two days by Wednesday (?Y/N)
______________________________________________________ (+)
______________________________________________________ (-)
______________________________________________________ (?-How long)
4. Tom will have visited his parents for five days by Monday (+)
_____________________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________________ (?-Why)
5. You will not have done your work by tonight (-)
____________________________________________________ (+)
____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
____________________________________________________ (?-What)
6. Will he have played tennis in the yard for six hours by ten (?Y/N)
____________________________________________________ (+)
____________________________________________________ (-)
____________________________________________________ (?-What)
7. She will have put the flowers on the terrace by midnight (+)
____________________________________________________ (-)
____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
____________________________________________________ (?-Where)
8. You will have built a new house by the end of this year (+)
____________________________________________________ (-)
____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
____________________________________________________ (?-Why)
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9. Kim will not have painted his house by next week (-)
___________________________________________________ (+)
___________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
___________________________________________________ (?-What)
10. They will have caught fifty pigeons by next month (+)
___________________________________________________ (-)
___________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
___________________________________________________ (?-How many)
B. Arrange these words into the correct sentence form. Use the Future
Perfect.
_________________________________________ by two o’clock.
_____________________________________ by the end of 2008.
___________________________________________ by next year.
____________________________________ by the end of March.
5. Suzanne / find / a new flat
______________________________________________ by May.
6. You / stand / in front of the gate / six hours?
_________________________________________by ten o’clock?
__________________________________________by next week?
_____________________________________ by the end of June?
9. I / watch / the film / two hours
___________________________________________ by four p.m.
10. She / not / drive / a car / four years
______________________________________ by the end of 2008.
Perfect.
1. We have been married for a long time. By our anniversary next month, we
________ (be) married for 43 years.
2. The race began over an hour ago. By the time they reach the finish line, the coach
________ (welcome) them.
3. Go ahead and leave on your vacation. Don’t worry about this work. By the time
you get back, we ________ (finish) it.
4. Margaret was born in 1950. By the year 2010, she ________ (live) on this earth
for
about sixty years.
5. John is studying in the class. It’s seven o’clock now. By twelve, he ________
(study) for five hours.
121
6. I’m getting tired of sitting in the car. Do you realize that by the time we arrive in
Chicago tonight, we ________ (drive) for twenty straight hours.
7. This morning I came to class at nine. It’s 10 o’clock now. By twelve, I ________
(sit) in the class for four hours.
8. The traffic is very heavy in the morning. By the time we get to the airport at noon,
Bob’s plane ________ (arrive).
1. Tom takes an English course and ends next May. So Tom ____ his English course
by June.
a. have finished c. finishes
b. had finished d. will have finished
2. Frank : Ben plans to go to a college in August this year.
Hans : I think so. He ____ from this school by the end of July.
a. graduates c. will have graduated
b. graduated d. is graduating
3. John : Susi seems to be very delighted.
Baker : Sure she does. Don’t you know her boyfriend ____ from this University
by next month.
a. will have graduated c. graduates
b. has graduated d. is graduating
3. Tom : Ten years ago they started building a statue in front of this building..
Diana : Well, it ____ there for three years by next January.
a. is b. has been c. will have been d. have been
4. Shinta : Professor Jones will retire next month.
Sherly : Yes. He ____ for thirty years by the time he retires.
a. had taught c. has taught
b. will have taught d. will be teaching
Read the situations and write the questions for each. Use the Future Perfect.
1. Jack tells you that his mother was sick yesterday, and she will be in the hospital
until next month.
(How long/be) ____________________________________________________
2. Bill went to Mexico two weeks ago. He will stay at hotel until next week.
(Where/stay) _____________________________________________________
3. Jane is reading her novel. She loves it very much and wants to read more and
more.
She will return it next week.
(How many times/read) _______________________________________________
4. Lee is a senior high student. He has been studying for two years. He will finish
next
July.
(When/graduate) ____________________________________________________
5. Frank tells you that he wants to visit a museum downtown. He truthfully did it last
year. He also tends to do it again next year.
(How many times/visit) ______________________________________________
 Clue  Future Perfect Progressive
122
1. Alex will have been driving a car for five hours by ten. (+)
____________________________________________________ (-)
____________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
____________________________________________________ (?-How long)
2. They will not have been sitting in the garden for two hours
by eight (-)
___________________________________________________ (+)
___________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
___________________________________________________ (?-Where)
3. Will she have been living here for two days by Wednesday (?
Y/N)
___________________________________________________ (+)
___________________________________________________ (-)
___________________________________________________ (?-How long)
4. Tom will have been visiting his parents for five days by
Monday (+)
___________________________________________________ (-)
___________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
___________________________________________________ (?-Why)
5. You will not have been doing your work for an hour by twelve
(-)
___________________________________________________ (+)
___________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
___________________________________________________ (?-What)
6. Will he have been playing tennis in the yard for six hours by
ten (?Y/N)
___________________________________________________ (+)
___________________________________________________ (-)
___________________________________________________ (?-What)
7. She will have been planting the flowers on the terrace by
midnight (+)
___________________________________________________ (-)
___________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
___________________________________________________ (?-Where)
8. You will have been building a new house by the end of this
year (+)
___________________________________________________ (-)
___________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
___________________________________________________ (?-Why)
9. Kim will not have been painting his house by next week.(-)
___________________________________________________ (+)
___________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
___________________________________________________ (?-What)
123
10. They will have been breeding pigeons for ten years by
December (+)
___________________________________________________ (-)
___________________________________________________ (?Y/N)
___________________________________________________ (?-How long)
B. Arrange these words into the correct sentence form. Use the Future Perfect
Progressive.
________________________________________ by two o’clock.
______________________________________ by the end of 2008.
__________________________________________ by next year.
____________________________________ by the end of March.
5. Suzanne / stay / in a new flat / two months

______________________________________________ by May.
6. You / stand / in front of the gate / six hours?
_________________________________________by ten o’clock?
__________________________________________by next week?
_____________________________________ by the end of June?
9. I / watch / the film / two hours
___________________________________________ by four p.m..
10. She / not / drive / a car / four years
______________________________________ by the end of 2008.
Perfect Progressive.
1. Tom started to draw the picture an hour ago. It will finish three hours
later. So he
________ (draw) the picture for five hours by noon.
2. The work on building the bridge began two months ago. It will not
finish this
month. By the end of this month, they ________ (build) it for six months.
3. I saw Gill repairing his bike this morning. I think he will not finish his
work at
noon. So He ________ (repair) his bike for five hours by twelve.
4. Margaret rent this apartment in 2000. By the year 2010, she ________
(live) in this
apartment for ten years.
5. John is studying in the class. It’s seven o’clock now. He will be there
until the
library closes. By twelve, he ________ (study) there for five hours.
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6. I’m getting tired of sitting in the car. We will reach Chicago tomorrow.
So we
________ (drive) for twenty straight hours by tonight.
7. This morning I came to class at nine. It’s 10 o’clock now. I will be in
the class until
two. By twelve, I ________ (sit) in the class for four hours.

1. Tom takes an English course and ends next August. So Tom ____ his English
course by June.
a. have been taking c. is taking
b. had been taking d. will have been taking
2. Frank : Ben plans to finish studying in August this year.
Hans : I think so. He ____ here for three years by the end of June.
a. has been studying c. will have been studying
b. had studied d. is studying
3. John works in Microsoft Company. He will resign next year. So he ____ in this
company for ten years by the end of this year.
a. will have been working c. had worked
b. has been working d. had been working
4. Tom : Two months ago they started building a statue in front of this building. It
will finish next June.
Diana : Well, the workers ____ that statue for three months by the end of April.
a. is building c. had been building
b. will have been building d. have been building
5. Shinta : Professor Jones will retire next month.
Sherly : Yes. He ____ for thirty years by the end of this month.
a. will have been teaching c. has been teaching
b. had been teaching d. will be teaching
Read the situations and make the conclusion for each. Use the Future Perfect
Progressive.
1. Jack tells you that his mother was sick last month, and she will be in the
hospital
until next month.
By the end of this month, ________________________________
2. Bill went to Mexico two weeks ago. He will stay at hotel until next
week.
By the end of this week, __________________________________
3. Jane read her novel in his room this morning. She will finish reading it
tonight.
By twelve o’clock, ______________________________________
4. Lee is a senior high student. He has been studying for two years. He will
finish next
July.
By the end of March, ____________________________________
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5. Frank tells you that he went to Canada last May. He will be there for his
vacation
until next November.
By the end of September, ________________________________
MODAL
EXERCISES
 Clue  Modal Auxiliary

1. Tom can catch the fish in the sea (+)
_____________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________ (?-How)
2. You must not bring an application letter now (-)
_____________________________________________ (+)
_____________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________ (?-What)
3. Should they leave me alone here (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________ (+)
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_____________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________ (?-Why)
4. Bill could stay in this apartment for two weeks last month (+)
_____________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________ (?-How long)
5. Would you drink some coffee at this restaurant tonight (?Y/N)
_____________________________________________ (+)
_____________________________________________ (-)
_____________________________________________ (?-What)
B. Complete the following sentences using can/may/must/should. Sometimes you

need the negatives.
1. My father is very smart. He ________ speak five languages.
2. Look! The girl is falling into the river. We ________ rescue her now.
3. Tom gets failed in his exams. I think he ________ study harder.
4. There is nobody in the room now. They ________ go out to buy something.
5. If you don’t bring your dictionary, you ________ borrow mine now.
6. You ________ touch the wall. My father has just painted it.
7. You ________ care about her since she loves you very much.
8. John is absent from school today. He ________ be sick.
9. The bus 1 has just left. We ________ another later.
10. Sorry, I am very busy now. I ________ help you.
C. Situational exercise 1
Give your responses or opinions to the following situations with the suitable
modal auxiliaries. Use your own words to express your ideas.
1. You want to go or study abroad. What must you do?
_______________________________________________________
2. Your father gives you a lot of money. What can you do?
_______________________________________________________
3. Your mother is sick today. What should you do?
_______________________________________________________
4. You come late and don’t see any friends in the class. Tell the possibilities
about it.
_______________________________________________________
5. You’ll have the exams next week. What you must you do?
_______________________________________________________
6. Ann finds difficult to understand the lesson. What can you do?
_______________________________________________________
7. Jane looks tired. She’s been working for ten hours. What is your
suggestion?
_______________________________________________________
8. Your teacher is coming late today. This never happens before. What do you
think
of possibilities about him?
_______________________________________________________
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 Clue  Modal Perfect
A. Complete the following sentences with Modal Perfect.
1. The ground was wet this morning. It __________ (rain) last night.
2. John was absent yesterday. He __________ (be) sick.
3. Tom woke up late this morning. He ________ (sleep) earlier last night.
4. Susan __________ (win) the contest but she got an accident on the way to
the stage last month.
5. John got lost to my house last week. He __________ (take) the wrong bus.
6. I didn’t see Peter at home last night. He __________ (go) to the hall.
7. Jane got failed in her interview because of being late last week. She
__________ (come) earlier to the interview.
8. Kim __________ (help) me do my homework but she was very busy last
night.
B. Use Modal Perfect to give your responses or opinions about the following
situations.
1. I didn’t see my jacket in the class this morning. I had left it there last night.
(might)__________________________________________________
2. I didn’t think that we would get lost to the museum yesterday. The bus was
not in
the way to go there.
(must) __________________________________________________
3. Tom got accident last month. He drove his car 100 kilometers an hour.
(should)_________________________________________________
4. I promised to come home earlier but the bus was 30 minutes late last night.
(could) __________________________________________________
5. Tom was absent from school yesterday. Nobody knew where Tom was.
(might) __________________________________________________
6. It was raining hard when I wanted to leave home. Unfortunately, I didn’t
bring my
umbrella with me.
(should)_________________________________________________
7. I planned to take some pictures when I climbed the mountain. But I lost my
camera
on the way to get the top of the mountain.
(could)__________________________________________________
8. Everyone laughed when the film started. They watched a comedy show in
the
theatre last night.
(must) __________________________________________________
INTEGRATED EXERCISE
Choose the best choice to the following questions.
1. We ____ when the traffic light shows red.
a. must stop b. may stop c. can stop d. ought to stop
2. He asked me whether he ____ my car to go to the party
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a. must borrow b. might borrow c. may borrow d. would borrow
3. I could not find the museum you told me about. I ____ the wrong bus
a. must have taken c. might have taken
b. should have taken d. could have taken
4. She did not tell me where she ____ after classes.
a. would go b. should go c. might go d. must go
5. “Does Anton know that Myrna had an accident yesterday?”
“I don’t think so, we ____ him as soon as we were informed.”
a. may have told c. should have told
b. must have told d. would have told
6. “I can’t find my phone book in my bag”
“Well, you ____ in the car, let’s take a look.”
a. must leave b. will leave c. can leave d. may leave
7. “Don’t you think the driver is speeding?”
“Yes, I am afraid he ____ the lives of the passengers.”
a. may endanger b. should endanger c. must endanger d. can endanger
8. “The players spent the night before the big match at a party.”
“That was foolish of them, they ____ to bed early.”
a. must have gone c. could have gone
b. should have gone d. would have gone
9. “The oil was frozen, mother could not use it to fry the fish.
“I am sure, it ____ very cold last night.
a. must have been c. should have been
b. might have been d. could have been
10. She looks so hungry and weak. She ____ some food.
a. may buy b. must buy c. will buy d. can buy
11. She missed the train yesterday. She ____ earlier.
a. would have left b. should have left c. must have left d. might have left
12. “She did not answer the phone when I called her.”
“She ____ yesterday.”
a. must have slept c. would have slept
b. could have slept d. should have slept
13. I did not know there was a test yesterday, you ____ me about it.
a. should have told c. could have told
b. might have told d. must have told
14. “I wonder how old he is. He was Asti’s classmate in 1985, so he ____ at least
twenty five now.
a. will be b. shall be c. can be d. may be
15. “I am sorry I was not able to finish typing your paper.”

“Well, it was my fault, I ____ you with too much work.”
a. might not have burdened c. could not have burdened
b. should not have burdened d. must not have burdened
16. Rita has just missed the plane to Medan. She ____ at the airport at least two hours
before the departure.
a. could have been c. should have been
b. might have been d. must have been
17. Many people didn’t eat during the war ten years ago. They ____.
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a. could have suffered c. must have suffered
b. may have suffered d. should have suffered
PASSIVE VOICE
EXERCISE
 Clue  Passive Voice

A. Change the following sentences into the suitable forms of Passive Voice.
1. Millions of people in Europe speak English - Is/am/are VIII
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_______________________________________________ (+)
_______________________________________________ (-)
_______________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_______________________________________________ (?-Where)
_______________________________________________ (What-Subject)
2. Somebody is washing the dishes in the kitchen. is/am/are being VIII
_______________________________________________ (+)
_______________________________________________ (-)
_______________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_______________________________________________ (?-When)
_______________________________________________ (What-Subject)
3. The police have caught the thief in a small village in London.
_______________________________________________ (+)
_______________________________________________ (-)
_______________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_______________________________________________ (?-Where)
_______________________________________________ (Who-Subject)
4. Tim built this house in 1980s. was/were VIII
_______________________________________________ (+)
_______________________________________________ (-)
_______________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_______________________________________________ (?-When)
_______________________________________________ (What-Subject)
5. Kim was visiting Jane at this time yesterday. was/were being VIII
_______________________________________________ (+)
_______________________________________________ (-)
_______________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_______________________________________________ (?-When)
_______________________________________________ (Who-Subject)
6. The thief had broken the car window quickly before he stole it.
_______________________________________________ (+)
_______________________________________________ (-)
_______________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_______________________________________________ (?-How)
_______________________________________________ (What-Subject)
7. Tom will deliver Cindy to the town hall tomorrow afternoon. will be VIII
_______________________________________________ (+)
_______________________________________________ (-)
_______________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_______________________________________________ (?-Where)
_______________________________________________ (Who-Subject)
8. Lisa will have written fifty novels by the end of next year.
_______________________________________________ (+)
_______________________________________________ (-)
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_______________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_______________________________________________ (?-How many)
_______________________________________________ (What-Subject)
9. The director is going to promote Tom the supervisor next week.
_______________________________________________ (+)
_______________________________________________ (-)
_______________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_______________________________________________ (?-When)
_______________________________________________ (Who-Subject)
10. Diana must return the books to the library tomorrow.
_______________________________________________ (+)
_______________________________________________ (-)
_______________________________________________ (?Y/N)
_______________________________________________ (?-When)
_______________________________________________ (What-Subject)
B. Change the verbs in the bracket into the correct Passive Voice tenses.
1. Most of the Earth’s surface ________ (cover) by water.
2. The lamp ________ (invent) by Thomas Alfa Edison many years ago.
3. The Olympic Games ________ (hold) in England next year.
4. You can’t use my car now. It ________ (repair) by a mechanic.
5. When my father went home last night, he ________ (follow) by somebody.
6. The class is not dirty anymore. It ________ (clean) by the students already.
7. We could not get some tickets for the concert last night. They ________ (sell) out
when we came to buy them.
8. All equipment ________ (check) by the time you arrive here tomorrow.
9. Look! The package ________ (send) to the costumer soon.
10. The illegal logging ________ (stop) to save our forest in this country.
C. Change the following sentences into the Indirect Passive Voice.

1. Tom often gives Laura some flowers.
 (Laura) ___________________________________________________
 (Some flowers) ____________________________________________
2. The teacher is explaining the children an experiment.
 (The children) _____________________________________________
 (An experiment)____________________________________________
3. Paul has just shown Kim his new bike.
 (Kim) ____________________________________________________
 (His new bike) _____________________________________________
4. Bill bought Lisa a dress yesterday.
 Lisa)_____________________________________________________
 (A dress)__________________________________________________
5. Hawk was lending Dian the car at ten yesterday.
 (Dian)____________________________________________________
 (The car) _________________________________________________
6. Bob had introduced Tina a new friend before he went out.
 (Tina) ____________________________________________________
 (A new friend) _____________________________________________
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7. John will offer Catherine a new job in his company.
 (Catherine) _______________________________________________
 (A new job) _______________________________________________
8. The company will have paid the employees a few dollars by next week.
 (The employees) ___________________________________________
 (A few dollars) ____________________________________________
9. Frank is going to bring Susan some hats soon.
 (Susan) __________________________________________________
 (Some hats) _______________________________________________
10. The coach should reward Lucy a medal.
 (Lucy) ___________________________________________________
 (A medal) ________________________________________________
D. Write these sentences in another way. Use Complement Passive Voice.
1. People usually call this place a “hidden city”.
 _________________________________________________________
2. People elected Frank a “president” in this company.
 _________________________________________________________
3. People will name her the “iron lady”
 _________________________________________________________
4. People appoint him the “leader” in the team.
 _________________________________________________________
5. People admitted them the “reformation hero”
 _________________________________________________________
E. Choose the best choice to the following questions.

1. All the classmates of their only son ____ to his birthday party.
a. invites b. invited c. are invited d. is invited
2. After the house ___white, it looked beautiful.
a. had been painted c. be painted
b. had painted d. painted
3. Robert : Sorry, you can’t use my car. It ____ by the mechanics.
Marry : It’s OK
a. used b. is still being used c. was used d. is use
4. Jon : Which painting will be exhibited tomorrow?
Tom : We don’t know yet, they ____ by a team.
a. are being selected c. will select
b. is selected d. to be selected
5. Costumer: I want the red dress displayed in the window yesterday.

Shop asst: I am sorry. It ____
a. has sold b. sells c. has been sold d. is being sold
6. My sister thinks that the ceramic vase is too big ____ on the piano.
a. be put b. to be put c. being put d. put
7. Tina is looking forward to her birthday because she ____ a new watch.
a. promised c. promises
b. has promised d. has been promised
8. Tourist : How old is this building?
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Jack : Well. It ____ in 1670
a. is built b. built c. was building d. was built
9. Police : When did the accident happen?
Bill : When the goods ____from the truck.
a. were unloading c. unloaded
b. being unloaded d. were unloaded
10. Lee : Have you delivered the package to the customers?
Kim : Not yet, some ____
a. are being wrapped c. were wrapped
b. have been wrapped d. wrapped
11. Frank : You seem to like him very much.
Susan : Yes, he is a such nice man ____.
a. to be talked to c. talking
b. talked to d. be talking to
12. This is a very popular TV show. Every week it ____ by millions of people.
a. watches b. being watched c. is watched d. watched
13. The picture is not here anymore. It must have ____.
a. taken away c. been taken away
b. been taking away d. being taken away
14. The shipment schedule ____ because of the bad weather today
a. be postponed c. was postponed
b. is postponed d. was postponing
15. Tom has got enough experience ____ principal of our school.
a. promoted b. to be promoted c. promoted d. is promoted
16. The stewardess is now serving to the passengers.
The passive form of the above sentence is ____.
a. Coffee is served by the passengers
b. Coffee is serving to the passengers.
c. Coffee is being served to the passengers
d. Coffee is being serving by the passengers
17. The children can’t swim here today because the pool ____.
a. is cleaning b. has been cleaned c. is being cleaned d. cleaned.
18. Jenny : Why do those people panic?
Willy : Their semi-permanent houses ____.
a. demolished c. are demolishing
b. are being demolished d. to be demolished
19. Until Alexander Blackwell opened a medical school, American women

____ to study.
a. have not been allowed c. were not being allowed
b. had not been allowed d. will not be allowed
20. The progress of this class needs ____.
a. to be evaluated c. evaluated
b. is evaluated d. to evaluate
21. Komodos ____ to be descended from dinosaurs.
a. they believe b. to believe c. believed d. are believed
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22. Do you know that at the moment some amazing experiments ____ by the
University research biologist?
a. are being carried out c. was carried out
b. are carrying out d. carried out
23. The director wants the result of the research ____ at the regional meeting.
a. presented b. to be presented b. are presented d. is presented
24. The president Director agreed that the performance of the company has
been good these past few years. In fact, its organization ____ now for
improvements.
a. restructured c. is restructuring
b. is being restructured d. restructuring
25. We called the committee to ask whether the competition ____ to begin that
afternoon.
a. was scheduled c. to be scheduled
b. be scheduled d. to schedule
26. Due to the current financial condition, our budget plan for 2014/2015
____.
a. needs to review c. needs be reviewed
b. needs to be reviewed d. needs review
27. I am still waiting ____ for an interview.
a. to call b. to be calling c. call d. to be called
28. The cell phone ____ to send a picture through its modern technology.
a. must be used c. may be used
b. should be used d. can be used
29. Don : I didn’t see the medal on the stage this morning.
James : I think it ____ to the winners of the math competition last night.
a. must have been given c. should have been given
b. could have been given d. might have been given
30. Ann : Why don’t you touch the dog?
Alice : I am afraid of ____ .
a. to bite b. to be bitten c. being bitten d. biting
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
EXERCISES
 Clue  Conditional Type 1

A. Make Conditional Sentences based on the following situations. Use the
Conditional Sentences type 1.
135
True situation: You jaywalk in the street and you get hit by a car.
 If you jaywalk in the street, you’ll get hit by a car
 You’ll get hit by a car if you jay walk in the street.
1. True situation: She drives a car carelessly and she gets an accident.
 _________________________________________________________
2. True situation: The lamp turns off and we don’t see anything.
 _________________________________________________________
3. True situation: It is winter and it is cold everyday.
 _________________________________________________________
4. True situation: They bring compass and they don’t get lost.
 _________________________________________________________
5. True situation: The government corrupts and the country is bankrupt.
 _________________________________________________________
6. True situation: The light shows red and we stop our car.
 _________________________________________________________
7. True situation: You touch the electricity and you get shocked.
 _________________________________________________________
8. True situation: You touch the fire with an empty hand and you get burnt.
 _________________________________________________________
9. True situation: He breaks the rules and he gets fired
 _________________________________________________________
 Clue  Conditional Type 2 and 3

A. Give the true condition to the following Conditional Sentences. Use the
Conditional Sentences type 2 and 3.
1. You would go to the movie if the weather were nice
Fact: _______________________________________________________
2. I would marry Jane if I were you.
Fact: _______________________________________________________
3. I would have told you if I had known the information.
Fact: _______________________________________________________
4. Tom would be an Engineer if he studied at ITS.
Fact: _______________________________________________________
5. I would go around the world If I had much money.
Fact: _______________________________________________________
6. Bill could have come home on time if the bus had not been late yesterday.
Fact: _______________________________________________________
7. I would have known the Second World War if I had been born in 1945.
Fact: _______________________________________________________
8. I would build develop this country if I were a president.
Fact: _______________________________________________________
Integrated Exercises
A. Change the verb in the bracket with the correct form. Use the Conditional
Sentences.
1. The police will not fine you if you (have) ________ a driving license.
2. I would fix your bicycle if I (have) ________ a screwdriver of the proper size.
3. I would have traveled abroad if I (have) ________ much money last year.
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4. If you break the rules of the school, the teacher (punish) ________ you.
5. If Sally were in her office now, she (answer) ________ the phone.
6. If the weather had been nice last night, we (go) ________ to the movie.
7. I (not, be) ________ a tour guide if my English were poor.
8. If I had taken a taxi last night, I (not, be) ________ late at the party.
9. I (pass) ________ the exams last year if I had studied hard.
10. If you smoke a lot, you ________ (get) Cancer later.
B. Choose the best choice to the following questions.

1. If he ____ more confident during the interview, he might have been got the job he
wanted.
a. were b. had been c. is d. was
2. If the plane had taken off on time, he would not have been late for the opening of
the seminar.
That means that we were late because the flight ____.
a. was delayed b. had been delayed c. is delayed d. were delayed
3. Had I realized that Tim was a bad driver, I ____ him my car
a. did not lend c. would not have lent
b. would not lend d. will not lend
4. Had my parents had enough money, I would have studied at this academy.
From this sentence we may conclude that the speaker ____
a. was a student of the academy c. was not a student of the academy
b. is not a student of the academy d. is a student of the academy
5. If our school had been able to get enough sponsor for our matching band, we would
have participated in the festival.
We may conclude that ____.
a. the funds were insufficient c. we participated the festival
b. we won the festival d. we succeeded in getting the medal
6. Rudy would have lost his way in London if he had not been able to speak English
well. The above sentence means ____
a. he lost the way in London c. he spoke English well
b. he did not understand English d. he did not get the way.
7. “Why didn’t you buy these shoes?” You seem to like them.
“I would have bought the shoes if they had been cheap.”
The answer means ____.
a. I bought the shoes c. the price was expensive
b. I could afford to buy the shoes d. the price decreased
8. Had the company not raised Mike salary, he would have looked for another job. We
may conclude that Mike ____.
a. does not like his job c. did not leave his job
b. could not find a good job d. his salary was very low
9. If he hadn’t been promoted, he would have quit his job.
It means that ____.
a. he kept his job c. he quit from his job
b. he was not promoted d. he promoted himself
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10. If I started writing my paper yesterday, I would not be late to submit it on time.
This means that ____.
a. I was late to submit it c. I submit it on time
b. I do not write the paper d. my paper was bad
11. If you use a city map, you ____ your way.
a. will not lose c. would not lose
c. did not lose d. would lose
12. If her mother had not been ill, she would have joined the tour.
This means that ____.
a. her mother was ill c. she joined the tour
b. her mother joined the tour d. she went to the tour
13. Should you need me, I ____ in my office now.
a. was b. would have been c. will be d. am
14. Were I you, I ____ the new job offered by your uncle.
a. will accept c. would have accepted
b.. would accept d. shall accept
15. Had I had much time, I ____ to the party with you last night.
a. would have gone c. will go
b. would go d. had went
SUBJUNCTIVE
EXERCISES
 Clue  Present & Past Subjunctives
138
A. Give the true condition to the following Subjunctives.
1. I wish the weather were nice tonight.
Fact: _______________________________________________________
2. I wish she would answer the phone.
Fact: _______________________________________________________
3. I wish Tom had known the news last week.
Fact: _______________________________________________________
4. Tom wishes he could study at ITS.
Fact: _______________________________________________________
5. Jane wishes she had much money now.
Fact: _______________________________________________________
6. I wish I could have come home on time last night.
Fact: _______________________________________________________
7. Bill wishes he had seen the Second World War.
Fact: _______________________________________________________
8. Lee wishes he were a director in this company.
Fact: _______________________________________________________
 Clue  Emphatic subjunctive (If only

A. Make the Emphatic Subjunctives to the following situations.
 Fact  They will not come on time to the party.
(If only) ____________________________________________________.
 Fact  He is not rich.
(If only) ____________________________________________________
 Fact  I did not see the accident last night.
(If only) ____________________________________________________
 Fact  I will not get the phone.
(If only) ____________________________________________________
 Fact  She is not a secretary in this company.
(If only) ____________________________________________________
 Fact  The bus was late.
(If only) ____________________________________________________
 Fact  We have a car.
(If only) ____________________________________________________
 Fact  The weather was nice last night.
(If only) ____________________________________________________
 Clue  Conditional reality of comparison ( as if/though)

A. Change the verb in the bracket with the correct form. Use (as if/though).
1. Tom likes studying Japanese. He speaks Japanese as if he ________ (understand)
it
well.
2. Bill often borrows some money to me. He buys a car as if he ________ (have)
much money now.
3. Jack did not see about the accident last night. He told the police the accident as if
139
________ (know) it.
4. James likes Susan a lot. He gets married with her as if he ________ (love) her.
5. Sarah does not work. Her performance looks as though she ________ (be) a
secretary in a big company.
6. Lisa did not come to the party. She phoned and talked to me as though she
________ (enjoy) the party.
7. Tina came late to the class this morning. She argued and complained as though
she
________ (come) on time.
8. Susan lives in a small house. She often comes into some apartments as though she
________ (rent) ones.
 Desirable condition/Formal insistence

A. Write a conclusion about Formal Insistence to the following situations.
1. The doctor wishes you to meet a specialist.
The doctor suggests that ________________________________________
2. Your parents wished you not to go out during the storm.
Your parents recommended that _________________________________
3. The teacher wishes you to be on time for the class.
It is essential that _____________________________________________
4. The police wish you to obey the laws in the street.
It is vital that _________________________________________________
5. The students wish the lesson to be explained in detail.
The students insist that _________________________________________
Integrated Exercise
A. Choose the best answer to the following questions!
1. She wishes that she had not forgotten her promise. This means that ____.
a. She forgot her promise c. she did not forget her promise
b. she does not forget her promise d. she forgets her promise
2. I wish I ____ much money to buy a new car.
a. have b. has c. had d. having
3. He wished that he ____ the meeting yesterday.
a. would have joined c. join
b. will join d. would join
4. If only the teacher ____ late to the class.
a. came b. come c. coming d. be come
5. He went to a mall as if he had much money to buy some clothes.
We may conclude that he ____
a. has much money c. didn’t have much money
b. doesn’t have much money d. he bought the clothes
6. I wish she _____ here to see my teacher now.

a. was b. is c. were d. are
7. I wish it would stop raining. It means that ____
a. the rain stops c. it does not rain any more
b. it is still raining d. the rain goes on
8. I wished I could have gone home on time. It means that ____
140
a. I came home on time c. I did not go home
b. I came home late d. I do not come home
REPORTED SPEECH
EXERCISES
141
 Clue  Reported Speech – Statement/Negation
A. Change the following statements into indirect speech.
1. Alex said “I am interested in English.”
___________________________________________________________
2. Alice said “I have an expensive diamond at home.”
___________________________________________________________
3. Anne and Arnold said “We are taking an English course now.”
___________________________________________________________
4. Amy said “My father has ever been to Singapore.”
___________________________________________________________
5. Ben said “Sarah has sent the letter to the post office.”
___________________________________________________________
6. Bobby said “Tom and Jerry went to cinema yesterday.”
___________________________________________________________
7. Betty said “I was happy at the party last night.”
___________________________________________________________
8. Barney said “I can make a beautiful hat.”
___________________________________________________________
9. Baxter said “I am going to visit my parents.”
___________________________________________________________
10. Brian said ‘The sun rises from the east.”
___________________________________________________________
 Clue  Reported Speech – Question

A. Change the following questions into indirect speech.
1. Bill asked “Are you fine?”
___________________________________________________________
2. Cindy asked “Do you know Mr. Smith?”
___________________________________________________________
3. Clara asked “Where is the nearest bank in this town?”
___________________________________________________________
4. Donny asked “Why do you study English?”
___________________________________________________________
5. Diana asked “Is Jane watching TV now?”
___________________________________________________________
6. Ely asked “What are you doing now?”
___________________________________________________________
7. Eva asked “Have you ever been to Paris?”
___________________________________________________________
8. Elijah asked “Has Jim finished his work?”
___________________________________________________________
9. Frank asked “How long have been here?”

___________________________________________________________
10. Freddy asked “How many stamps have you collected?”
___________________________________________________________
11. Fernando asked “Was Lee in the library last night?”
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___________________________________________________________
12. Gill asked “Did you get an accident yesterday?”
___________________________________________________________
13. George asked “When were you born?”
___________________________________________________________
14. Grace asked “Where did you go?”
___________________________________________________________
15. Hans asked “Are you going to buy a new house?”
___________________________________________________________
16. Helen asked “What are you going to do with this flower?”
___________________________________________________________
 Clue  Reported Speech - Command

A. Change the following commands into direct speech.
1. Harry said “Do the homework”
___________________________________________________________
2. Herbert said “Be quiet”
___________________________________________________________
3. Ina said “Don’t smoke in this room”
___________________________________________________________
4. James said “Don’t be afraid of speaking English”
___________________________________________________________
5. Jill said “get the solution for your problem”
___________________________________________________________
 Clue  Reported Speech – Impersonal “It”

A. Use impersonal it to make indirect speech.
1. People say that English is important to work in a company.
___________________________________________________________
2. People say that Drugs are bad for the next generation.
___________________________________________________________
3. People said that the dinosaurs existed in the world million years ago.
___________________________________________________________
4. People say that smoking is not good for health.
___________________________________________________________
5. People said that Samaratungga Built Borobudur temple a long time ago.
___________________________________________________________
Integrated Exercise
A. Choose the best choice to the following questions.
a. John said “ I eat hamburgers today”
He said that ____.
a. I eat hamburgers. c. He ate hamburgers.
b. He eats hamburgers. d. I ate hamburgers.
2. Tom asked “Were you hungry?”
Tom asked me ____.
a. if I was hungry. c. that I had been hungry.
b. whether I was hungry d. if I had been hungry.
3. “Don’t go to the river” Lee said to Jim.
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It means that Lee told Jim ____.
a. not to go to the river c. not go to the river
b. does not go to the rive d. no going to the river.
4. “What are you doing now?” Jim asked me
He asked me ____.
a. if I was doing. c. what I had been doing
b. what I was doing d. whether I am doing
5. Lisa said “ I did not passed the exams”
She said that ____.
a. she had not passed the exams. c. she does not pass the exams
b. she did not pass the exams d. she had passed the exams
6. Tony asked me “Have you finished the job?”
He asked me ____
a. if he finished the job c. whether I have finished the job
b. if I had finished the job d. whether he had finished the job
7. “Be a good boy” his father told
It may conclude that his father told him ____.
a. be a good boy c. being a good boy
b. to be a good boy d. if to be a good boy
8. The teacher asked Shinta “Why did you make many mistakes?”
The teacher wondered _____.
a. why she made many mistakes c. why she had made many mistakes
b. why did she make many mistakes d. why had she made many mistakes
9. Mother said “I was preparing a meal”
She said that ____
a. I am preparing a meal c. she is preparing a meal
b. she was preparing a meal d. she had been preparing a meal
10. Dony asked Myra “Will you go with me?”
He asked Myra ____
a. if I will go with her c. whether she would go with me
b. if she ill go with you d. whether he would go with her
11. The teacher told the students to come on time.
It means that the teacher said “____”
a. coming on time c. come on time
b. to come on time c. be come on time
12. “Where have you been?” John asked
He asked me _____
a. where I had been c. where I was
b. where I am d. Where I have
GERUND
EXERCISES
144
 Clue  Subject Gerund
A. Use Subject Gerund and change the following sentences.
1. It is illegal to park in a bus stop.
___________________________________________________________
2. It is right to obey all the rules in our school.
___________________________________________________________
3. It is impolite to ask the marital status in America.
___________________________________________________________
4. It is rude to play music too loud at midnight.
___________________________________________________________
5. It is bad to smoke in the room.
___________________________________________________________
6. It is wrong to waste the garbage into the river.
___________________________________________________________
7. It is terrible to make a right turn on red.
___________________________________________________________
8. It is good to read the instructions before drinking a medicine.
___________________________________________________________
9. It is dangerous to ride a motorcycle without a helmet.
___________________________________________________________
10. It is great to be honest.
___________________________________________________________
 Clue  Object Gerund

A. Change the verbs in the brackets into the correct form. Use Gerund.
1. She always avoids ________ (answer) my questions.
2. He will consider ________ (be) a lecturer at University.
3. I dislike ________ (teach) the children.
4. They really enjoy ________ (visit) making the cakes.
5. Would you keep ________ (talk) with him at the moment, please?
6. Would you mind ________ (help) me with this?
7. It’s good for you to practice ________ (speak) English everyday.
8. She will be afraid of ________ (meet) you after this.
9. I am good at ________ (cook) western food.
10. He is used to ________ (smoke) after meal.
11. His wife objects to ________ (live) in the village.
12. Excuse me! This is no ________ (park) area here.
13. It’s hot today. Let’s go ________ (swim) now.
14. You have to change your ________ (understand) about him.
15. I think I prefer ________ (stay) at home tonight.
16. I hope you will have a good time ________ (take) a walk with her.
17. John had trouble ________ (read) a sentence when he was a child.
18. He has a fun ________ (drive) his new car.

19. It’s no use ________ (ask) him this question.
20. It’s worth ________ (learn) some foreign languages today.
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 Clue  Gerund Modifier
A. Find the suitable words or phrases from the following definitions or
statements.
1. A pill used for making someone sleep easier is called ________________
2. A machine used for sewing the clothes is called ____________________
3. A room used for holding the meeting is called ______________________
4. A field used for killing people in the war is called ___________________
5. A stick used for helping someone to walk is called __________________
6. A machine used for washing the clothes is called ____________________
7. A room used for waiting the patient in the hospital is called ____________
8. A lot or an area used for parking the cars is called __________________
9. An account used for showing the money kept at the bank is called ______
10. A service done to make the room and office clean is called ____________
Integrated Exercise
1. As a child I always enjoyed ____ in the rain.
a. play b. playing c. to play d. be playing
2. He must avoid ____ too hard because of poor health.
a. working b. work c. works d. be working
3. My niece is not used to ____ in a dormitory.
a. to live b. living c. to living d. live
4. What are the horns of a buffalo used for?
Well mostly for ____ handicrafts.
a. make b. to make c. making d. being made
5. My brother has been away from home for years without ever ____ to us.
a. write b. to write c. writing d. be writing
6. They have considered ____ down the factory because of continuous losses.
a. to close b. close c. closing d. closed
7. They should avoid ____ preserved foods.
a. to consume b. being consumed c. consuming d. consumed
8. My friend Hans is looking forward to ____ a new job.
a. get b. getting c. to get d. being got
9. Facing hard times, people with very low income are looking forward to ____the
well-to-do in getting the daily basic necessities
a. support b. being supported c. be supported d. supported
10. I am not used to ____ on the left since I learned to drive there.
a. driving b. be driving c. to drive d. drive
11. What did you learn from him? ____ people impressed me much.
a. convincing b. his convincing c. to convince d. convince
12. What do you need my calculator for?
a. solving b. to solve c. solve d. be solving
INFINITIVE
146
EXERCISES
 Clue  Bare Infinitive

A. Change the verbs in the brackets into the correct form. Use Bare Infinitive
1. You may ________ (enjoy) yourself here.
2. I don’t ________(understand) what you mean.
3. ________ (keep) silent, please! We are concentrating now.
4. Peeling onions makes me ________ (cry).
5. It is important that John ________ (come) on time to the class.
6. Why not ________ (go) to the party if you have a leisure time.
7. I will not let you ________ (do) that without my supervision.
8. I am just trying to help you ________ (fix) your car now.
9. He needs not ________ (say) anything to me about his plan.
10. I think she would rather ________ (stay) at home tonight.
 Clue  “To” Infinitive

A. Change the following sentences using To Infinitive.
1. Parking in a bus stop is illegal.
__________________________________________________________
It is _______________________________________________________
2. Asking about the marital status in America is impolite.
___________________________________________________________
It is ________________________________________________________
3. Playing music too loud at midnight is rude.
___________________________________________________________
It is ________________________________________________________
4. Smoking in the surgical room is bad.
___________________________________________________________
It is _______________________________________________________
5. Wasting the garbage into the river is wrong.
___________________________________________________________
It is ________________________________________________________
6. Making a right turn on red is terrible.
___________________________________________________________
It is ________________________________________________________
7. Riding a motorcycle without a helmet is dangerous.
___________________________________________________________
It is _______________________________________________________
8. Being honest nowadays is great.
___________________________________________________________
It is _______________________________________________________
B. Change the verbs in the brackets into the correct form. Use Infinitive.
1. The company can’t afford ________ (pay) the employees today.
2. She has decided ________ (live) in this town any longer.
3. Kim deserved ________ (get) the scholarship last year.
4. Noah expects ________ (receive) a letter from his girlfriend.
5. I did not mean ________ (hurt) your feelings last night.
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6. We need ________ (meet) you in a bus stop now.
7. They promised ________ (not/be) late to the party yesterday.
8. I don’t know why she refuses ________ (talk) with me now.
9. He wishes ________ (marry) you soon.
10. I want ________ (tell) you something important about the project.
A. Change the verbs in the brackets into the correct forms. Use Gerund or
Infinitive.
1. I’m absolutely sure I locked the door. I clearly remember ________ (lock) it.
2. My mother tells me to lock the door. I remember ________ (lock) it now.
3. He has just been to the post office. But he is afraid that he forgets ________
(post) his letter when he arrives home.
4. He is in a hurry to the post office now. He forgets ________ (post) his
application letter since it has to be received by the manager tomorrow.
5. I now regret ________ (say) what I said. I should not have said it last night.
6. We regret ________ (inform) that our company is unable to offer you the job.
7. The minister went on ________ (talk) for two hours.
8. After discussing the economy, the minister went on ________ (talk) about the
politics.
9. Each student must stop ________ (write) when the teacher tells to submit their
papers.
10. Each student must stop ________ (write) when the teacher tells the time to
begin working for the paper.
11. Jane is trying ________ (learn) English at school with us.
12. Jane has been trying ________ (do) some methods to improve her English.
B. Choose the best choice to the following question.

1. It is useful ____ the chapters before they are discussed in the class.
a. reads b. reading c. to read d. read
2. I believe Denny is too young ____ the personal manager of our company.
a. is b. to be c. being d. be
3. “What did the cashier of the bookstore tell you?”
“____ with a credit card.”
a. Not pay b. Not be paid c. Did not pay d. Not to pay
4. My sister thinks that the ceramic vas is too big ____ on the piano.
a. to be put b. be put c. being put d. put
5. It is often difficult for the new university students ____ for their new
environment.
a. adapt b. to adapt c. adapts d. they adapt
6. Please remind him ____ the book in the library.
a. return b. returning c. returns d. to return
7. “Have you told your problem to the supervisor?”
“No, he was too busy ____ to me yesterday.”
a. talking b. talk c. to talk d. to be talked
8. He hasn’t got enough experience ____ the principal of our school.

a. to promote b. to be promoted c. being promoted d. be promoted
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9. My parents advised my sister ____ too much money on clothes.
a. not spend b. not spending c. not to spend d. do not spend
10. The progress of this company needs ____ soon.
a. evaluated b. to evaluate c. be evaluated d. to be evaluated
11. The director wants the result of the research ____ at the regional meeting.
a. presenting b. to be presented c. be presented d. to present
12. The reason why I am here is ____ you fill in the forms of the scholarship.
a. help b. helped c. to help d. to be helped
13. I am still waiting ____ for an interview.
a. to call b. to be called c. be calling d. called
14. “Do you think I can wear my new necklace?”
“I won’t advise ____ the jewelry in a difficult time like this.”
a. to wear b. to be wearing c. wear d. wearing
15. What is your decision about his current position?”
____ after his getting pension.
a. To retire b. To be retiring c. Retired d. Retire
PARTICIPLE
149
EXERCISES
A. Use Static Participle to express the following sentences.
1. The class is (bore) ___________________________________________
2. The students in the class get (bore) _____________________________
3. Sometimes work is (tire) ______________________________________
4. After walking a long distance, they are (tire) ______________________
5. I don’t believe it. The present is (surprise) ________________________
6. When winning the quiz, we get (surprise) _________________________
7. The electricity is (shock) ______________________________________
8. Don’t touch the electricity, you may get (shock) ____________________
9. The formula is (confuse) ______________________________________
10. Try to understand and don’t be (confuse) _________________________
B. Change the verbs in the brackets into the correct form. Use Present (active) or
Past (passive) Participle.
21. John has ever visited some ________ (interest) places in this country.
22. The police have saved the money ________ (steal) by the burglars.
23. Tom is such a ________ (disappoint) man since he never keeps his promise.
24. He comes from the city ________ (locate) in the southern part of the country.
25. The police caught the man ________ (steal) some money in the shop yesterday.
26. Be sure to follow the instructions ________ (give) on the information board.
27. The robbers are in the building ________ (surround) by the police.
28. I think it’s the time for us to give the audience some ________ (amuse) jokes.
29. Who is the ________ (sleep) child over there?
30. We can find that many ________ (educate) people who live in this town.
C. Combine these two sentences into a good combination. Use Present (active) or
Past (passive) Participle Expressions.
1. When they come back from the library, they bring some books.
___________________________________________________________
2. After he had saved a lot of money, he bought a very big house in the village.
___________________________________________________________
3. Because she does not come on time, she gets failed in her exams.
___________________________________________________________
4. I was given some money by my boss, I took my friends to a restaurant.
___________________________________________________________
5. Because the house is built near the street, it pays the tax a lot.
___________________________________________________________
6. After she had known her husband dead, he cried and got shocked.
___________________________________________________________
7. She was kissed by his boyfriend, she run and jumped happily.
___________________________________________________________
8. Bill climbed a mountain, he took some pictures.
___________________________________________________________
9. Because he is genius, he gets a scholarship to study abroad.
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___________________________________________________________
10. Because he was intimidated, he moved to another city last year.
___________________________________________________________
D. Choose the best choice to the following questions.

1. ____ a few million dollars, he went on a tour to Europe
a. Saved b. Having saved c. Saving d. To save
2. The results of the test were ____ to the teacher as well as to the students.
a. disappoint b. to be disappointed c. disappointing d. disappointed
3. ____ foreigner, he needs visa to stay abroad.
a. Be b. Been c. To be d. Being
4. What have people recently found in Chine?
a. A hiding city c. A hidden city
b. A city hiding d. A city of hidden
5. The young man ____ by this institute is a university graduate.
a. employing b. employ c. employed d. to employ
6. ____ near a beautiful beach, the town soon became a popular tourist resort.
a. Situating b. Situated c. Situates d. Situation
7. What are they arguing about?
The ____ tax that citizens have to pay.
a. increases b. increasing c. increase d. increased
8. ____ by not more than 40 families, Kampung Naga is a unique village in West
java.
a. Inhabit b. Inhabiting c. To inhabit d. Inhabited
9. ____ by mountains, the city has a cool climate.
a. Surrounded c. Be Surrounded
b. Surrounding d. Having surrounded
10. The people ____ during the war were mostly young soldiers.
a. kill b. killing c. killed d. to kill
11. His car, ____ from the back crashed into a very deep river.
a. to hit b. hitting c. hit d. be hit
12. The rain ____ all day and night will surely flood the area.
a. fall b. to fall c. falling d. fallen
13. The original ____ manuscript of play is on display in the museum.
a. hand-writing c. write hand
b. hand-written d. writing hand
14. Slowly and carefully the police entered the forest ____ the robber’s hiding
place.
a. surrounding b. surrounded c. surround d. to surround
15. The manager was frustrated when he saw the ____ results of the training
course.
a. disappoint b. disappointment c. disappointing d. disappointed
CAUSATIVE
151
EXERCISES
A. Use the Causative to express the following sentences in another way.
1. Ann can’t make the cakes.
Active : ____________________________________________________
Passive: ____________________________________________________
2. Alice wants to tell a mechanic to fix her car.
Active : ____________________________________________________
Passive: ____________________________________________________
3. Amy does not wash her clothes by herself.
Active : ____________________________________________________
Passive: ____________________________________________________
4. Andrew did not cut his hair by him self yesterday.
Active : ____________________________________________________
Passive: ____________________________________________________
5. Arnold wanted somebody to paint his house last week.
Active : ____________________________________________________
Passive: ____________________________________________________
6. Ashley does not make his clothes by himself.
Active : ____________________________________________________
Passive: ____________________________________________________
7. Anton cannot send this letter by himself now.
Active : ____________________________________________________
Passive: ____________________________________________________
8. Angel wants somebody to put the vase in her room.
Active : ____________________________________________________
Passive: ____________________________________________________
9. Ali himself finds it impossible to renovate the building.
Active : ____________________________________________________
Passive: ____________________________________________________
10. It was midnight. Alan wanted to tell his brother to turn down the music.
Active : ____________________________________________________
Passive: ____________________________________________________
B. Change the verbs in the brackets into the correct form. Use Causative.
1. The doctors have the patients ________ (stay) in bed.
2. Mrs. Crane had her house ________ (paint) yesterday.
3. The teacher has had the students ________ (write) a 2000-word paper.
4. John has got his son ________ (make) some coffee for the guest.
5. I want to go to the bank to get a check ________ (cash).
6. Don gets some kids in the neighborhood ________ (clean) his garage.
7. Tim got a headache yesterday. He had his brother ________ (get) a medicine.
8. Bill has the children ________ (be) quite at home.
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9. Hans runs out of gasoline. He is trying to find the station to have the tank ________
(fill) soon.
10. The manager gets the document ________ (type) by the secretary.
11. Susan does not understand English. She often has her friend ________ (translate)
her book in the library.
12. It is good for the parents to get their children ________ (be) polite to everyone.
13. The principal had the students ________ (participate) in the match yesterday.
14. Most of the students get the exams ________ (cancel) until next month.
15. Father has ever had the money ________ (save) at the bank.
C. Choose the best choice to the following questions.

1. “Why are you taking the car to the garage?”
“____ by him”
a. I will check the brakes c. I will have checked the brakes
b. I will have the brakes checked d. I will have to check the brakes
2. “I fixed the light in the bathroom yesterday, but it went out again today.”
“Why don’t you have an electrician ____ it’
a. checking b. check c. checked d. to check
3. “I’ve tried to fix my motorbike, but it is still not running well.”
“Why don’t you have a mechanic _____it.”
a. check b. checking c. to check d. checked
4. Rudy broke his leg in an accident, therefore _____drive him to work
a. He will have Amy c. Amy doesn’t have to
b. Amy has asked Rudy to d. He will have to
5. “This cake is delicious, is it home-made?”
“No, I ____”
a. I baked myself c. I had lucy bake it
b. Lucy asked me to bake it d. I had to bake it
6. “This English test on Biology is too difficult for me to read.”
“Well, you had better _____.”
a. translate c. have it translated
b. have to translate it d. to translate it
7. “Do I have to go to the post office to get my package?”
“No, you can ____”
a. have delivered it c. have it delivered
b. have to deliver it d. deliver it
8. “Why does the secretary have to work overtime?”
“Her boss ____ the letters’”
a. has her retype c. has retyped
b. has to retype d. has been retyped
9. I don’t have time to do all my household work, so I always ____.
a. help somebody c. have to help somebody
b. have somebody help me d. have helped somebody
10. “Andy, will you close the window, please?”
“ I am very busy, but I ______”
a. will close them c. will have them closed
b. will have to close them d. will have closed them
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CONJUNCTIONS
EXERCISES
 Clue  Coordinating Conjunction

A. Combine the following sentences by using the appropriate Coordinating
Conjunction.
1. The old man is extremely kind. The old man is extremely generous.
___________________________________________________________
2. Tom may go to school by a bus today. Tom may go to school by a taxi today.
___________________________________________________________
3. John is very lazy in the class. John is very smart in the class.
___________________________________________________________
4. Mary opened the door last night. Mary met her friend last night.
___________________________________________________________
5. Tim can go out tonight. Tim can stay at home tonight.
___________________________________________________________
6. Paul looked for his watch in the cupboard. Paul found his car key in the
cupboard.
___________________________________________________________
7. You can enjoy watching TV now. You can enjoy listening to music now.
___________________________________________________________
8. Please try to speak English loudly. Please try to speak English clearly.
___________________________________________________________
9. The ball is big. The ball is light.
___________________________________________________________
10. Her face looked nervous. Her face looked sad.
___________________________________________________________
 Clue  Correlative Conjunction

A. Combine the following sentences with the appropriate Correlative
Conjunction.
 Use: … both … and …
1. The teachers are in the auditorium now. The students are also there now.
__________________________________________________________
2. The driver was injured in the accident. The passengers were also injured.
__________________________________________________________
3. Wheat may grow in Kansas. Corn may also grow there.
__________________________________________________________
4. The city suffers from air pollution. The city also suffers from water pollution.
__________________________________________________________
5. The research will take time. The research will also take money.
__________________________________________________________
 Use: … not only … but also …
6. Yesterday it rained. It also mowed.
__________________________________________________________
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7. You speak English. You also speak French.
__________________________________________________________
8. He loves you. He also wants to get married with you.

__________________________________________________________
9. Lee bought a coat in the market last night. Lee also bought a hat.
__________________________________________________________
10. My brother is living with me in this apartment. My sister is also living with me.
__________________________________________________________
 Use: … either/neither … or/nor …
11. I will take physics next term. I will also take chemistry.
__________________________________________________________
12. That book is not interesting. This book is also not accurate.
__________________________________________________________
13. The president is on the plane to London. The ministers are also there.
__________________________________________________________
14. The teacher is not in the class now. The students are not there.
__________________________________________________________
15. The leaves of the tree fall down by the storm. The stem also falls down.
__________________________________________________________
16. The police don’t see the accident. The driver does not see the accident.
__________________________________________________________
 Clue  Subordinating Conjunction

A. Complete the following sentences by using the appropriate Subordinating
Conjunction.
1. Will you wait me here ________ I come back to get the ticket?
2. I have never seen you ________ you went to America last year.
3. You must knock the door ________ you come into my room.
4. He never goes to the concert ________ he is not interested in music.
5. ________ I am not busy, I can help you.
6. He does not study hard. ________, he gets failed in his exams.
7. They must turn down the music ________ I can sleep now.
8. English is an International language. ________, It is spoken by millions of
people all over the world.
9. Tom is able to buy a luxurious ________ he does not have much money at the
bank..
10. You know that you will not pass the exams ________ you study hard.
Integrated Exercise
1. We were planning to open a new office in Surabaya,
____ the economic crisis forced us to postpone it.
a. and b. or c. so d. but
2. The government is planning to liquidate several banks
soon, ____ very few people know which ones they are.
a. but b. for c. as d. or
155
3. ____ Andy seldom attends classes, he is always one of
the best students in the class.
a. since b. because c. although d. if
4. “How were you doing in your exam?”

“Not very well ____ I studied hard for it.”
a. since b. in spite of c. even though d. whenever
5. “His two last musical showed the he was not
professionally conducted.”
“You’re right, ____ he had contacted Mike-a professional in the
entertainment business for his next show.”
a. so that b. in addition c. therefore d. moreover
6. ____ I can drive, I often ask my brother to drive me to
the city.
a. since b. because c. although d. whether
7. I told Tommy to take the recruitment test seriously, ____
he would not be accepted.
a. and b. so c. for d. or
8. Our school library needs to add more books to its
collection, ____ I m collecting donations to buy new books.
a. therefore b. however c. nevertheless d. in addition
9. A lunar eclipse occurs ____ the earth passes between the
sun and the moon.
a. even though b. in order that c. so that d. when
10. My uncle doesn’t earn much money, ____ he can send
his children to college.
a. however b. and c. therefore d. hence
11. ____ she likes him very much, she always pretends to
ignore him.
a. whereas b. even though c. however d. because
12. The murder wanted to tell the police the truth, ____ they
were afraid.
a. so b. nevertheless c. otherwise d. moreover
13. ____ his good performance as a student, he is always
nervous when doing exams.
a. unless b. although c. instead of d. even though
14. The child hid behind his mother ____ he was afraid of
the dog.
a. for b. and c. or d. yet
15. I was late because I got the wrong bus.
It means I caught the wrong bus ____ I was late.
a. although b. but c. so that d. since
156
CLAUSES
EXERCISES
 Clue  Adjective Clause

A. Combine the two sentences using an adjective clause.
1. The woman is beautiful. Tom invites her for dinner.
___________________________________________________________
2. The doctor is very gentle. He often examines the sick
child at school.
___________________________________________________________
3. The bag is good. It costs about two thousand dollars.
___________________________________________________________
4. The apartment is luxurious. The president of the
corporation bought it last year.
___________________________________________________________
5. The man called the police. His wallet was stolen.
___________________________________________________________
6. I apologized to the woman. I spilled her coffee last night.
___________________________________________________________
7. I met the woman. Her husband is the president of the
corporation.
___________________________________________________________
8. I know the professor. He invents a new theory about
gravity.
___________________________________________________________
9. I want to buy a car. It can run 100 kilometers an hour.
___________________________________________________________
10. He is very interested in the pictures. The painter
displayed them in the gallery
___________________________________________________________
 Clue  Noun Clause
157
A. Change the questions into a noun clause.
1. What time is it?  Can you tell me…
___________________________________________________________
2. Where does she live?  I wonder…
___________________________________________________________
3. Why did she cry last night?  I’ll ask…
___________________________________________________________
4. When will they go?  I don’t care…
___________________________________________________________
5. How long have you been here?  May I know…
___________________________________________________________
6. Who are you talking about?  Let me know…
___________________________________________________________
7. How much does it cost?  I don’t remember…
___________________________________________________________
8. Does he leave you?  Don’t ask…
___________________________________________________________
9. Whose pen is this?  Does anybody know…

___________________________________________________________
10. Will she go with you?  You may ask…
___________________________________________________________
B. Use “That” clause showing the FACTS to the following statements.

11. The world is round.
___________________________________________________________
12. Drug abuse can ruin one’s health.
___________________________________________________________
13. Smoking can cause cancer.
___________________________________________________________
14. English is spoken by millions of people in the world.
___________________________________________________________
15. The plants need water to grow.
___________________________________________________________
 Clue  Adverb Clause

A. Use “Adverb of Time” to combine the following sentences.
1. I’ll call you. I get back home.
___________________________________________________________
2. She must clean the room. She wants to sleep
___________________________________________________________
3. I can visit her. I finish my work.
___________________________________________________________
4. You may wait here. You want to meet her
___________________________________________________________
5. He wants to see you. You come to my house.
___________________________________________________________
158
Integrated Exercise
1. Did I tell you about he girl ____ I met during the holiday last week.
a. who b. whose c. whom d. of which
2. Have you already been told ____ the festival takes place?
a. if b. when c. whether d. where
3. ____ Bali is a beautiful rich island in culture has been confirmed by tourist from
around the world.
a. That b. Which c. Whether d. If
4. The books on this shelf, most of ____ are about child education, belong to my
sister.
a. what b. where c. which d. whom
5. “What did Bambang say to you?”
“____ he would join us at restaurant after this meting.”
a. That b. what c. When d. Which
6. “Whom did you invite to this meeting?”
“The managers ____ reports you this morning.”
a. who b. whom c. whose d. which
7. “What do reporters usually ask the authorities nowadays?”
“____ Indonesia will son be able to overcome its economic problem very soon.”
a. whether b. where c. when d. which
8. Teenagers delinquency, people are now complaining, has become a popular topic
discussed among psychologists.
a. who b. whom c. whose d. which
9. “Have you ever heard of this village?”
“Of course, it is the village ____ I was born”
a. when b. where c. why d. who
10. “Do you know when Ari will be leaving for Australia?
“Oh, he told me ____ my brother is studying now.
a. why b. how c. when d. that
11. “I visited the University of California last year.”
a. which b. when c. whose d. whom
12. Doctors agree ____ patients should try to reduce taking medicine for slight
headache.
a. whether b. which c. that d. how
13. Sydney, ____population is more than three and a half million, is Australia’s largest
city.
a. whom b. of which c. what d. who
14. “I hear your son is going hiking again”.
“Oh, yes, I just don’t understand ____ he likes it so much.”
a. when b. where c. why d. what
15. These scholarships will be given to the students____ pass the test.
a. who b. whom c. what d. how
159
DEGREE OF COMPARISON
EXERCISES
 Clue  Positive Degree

A. Make the conclusions from the following situations using as … as
1. I’m 175 centimeters tall. Jack is also 175 centimeters tall.
___________________________________________________________
2. My salary is ten thousand dollars a month. Lee gets ten thousand dollars too.
___________________________________________________________
3. It is still 5 degrees Celsius now. It was 5 degrees Celsius yesterday.
___________________________________________________________
4. This watch costs 50 dollars. Your watch is 50 dollars.
___________________________________________________________
5. Jack is 17 years old. Laura is also 17 years old
___________________________________________________________
B. Make the conclusions from the following situations using the same as …
1. Sally and Kate are both 22 years old now.
___________________________________________________________
2. You and I have both brown skins.
___________________________________________________________
3. Mercedes and BMW can both run 150 kilometers an hour.
___________________________________________________________
4. John and Jill both weigh 60 kilograms.
___________________________________________________________
5. Diana and Nina both have bright and interesting faces.
___________________________________________________________
160
 Clue  Comparative Degree
A. Make the conclusions from the following situations using the Comparative
Degree.
1. Yesterday the temperature was nine degrees. Today it’s only six degrees.
___________________________________________________________
2. The journey takes four hours by car and five hours by train.
___________________________________________________________
3. Dave and I went for a run. I ran ten kilos but Dave stopped after seven kilos.
___________________________________________________________
4. Chris and Bush both did badly in the exams. Chris got 50 but Bush only got 30.
___________________________________________________________
5. I expected my friends to arrive at 4 o’clock. In fact, they arrived at 3.30.
___________________________________________________________
6. The buses run every 30 minutes. But the trains run every hour.
___________________________________________________________
7. My bag is 50 kilograms and your bag is 60 kilograms.
___________________________________________________________
8. Tom’s picture has white and black colors. Kim’s picture has blue, red and
yellow
___________________________________________________________
9. Tim’s house is only ten kilometers from school. But my house is five
kilometers.
___________________________________________________________
10. Spaghetti costs 5 dollars and Hamburgers is only 3 dollars.
___________________________________________________________
 Clue  Superlative Degree

A. Use the Superlative Degree to express the following situation.
1. You’ve just been to the cinema. The film was extremely boring.
(boring/film) ________________________________________________
2. Your friend has just told you a joke. It is very funny.
(funny/joke) _________________________________________________
3. You’re drinking some coffee. It tastes very delicious.
(delicious/coffee) _____________________________________________
4. You are talking to a friend about Mary. Mary is very polite.
(polite/girl) __________________________________________________
5. Your friend told you about Jack. He is a very clever student.
(clever/student) ______________________________________________
Integrated Exercise
A. Change the words in the brackets using the Comparative or Superlative
Degree.
1. John always gets 100 in his math exams. He is ________ (good) student in the
class.
2. Other hotels are very expensive. So we stayed at ________(cheap) hotel in this
town.
3. The United States is large but Canada is ________ (large) than USA.
161
4. I’ve never got the trouble like this before. Today must be ________ (bad) day
in my life
5. It is said that Everest is ________ (high) mountain in the world.
6. He was a bit depressed yesterday. But today he looks ________ (happy).
7. People believe that Sahara ________ (large) desert in the world.
8. English is spoken by millions of people in the world. It must be ________
(popular) language.
9. Our company is ________ (big) than all the others in this town.
10. Football can be recognized and played by people everywhere. That is why, it is
________ (favorite) sport.
11. Spaghetti and pizza are well-known by most of Italian. They are ________
(famous) food in Italy.
12. I prefer shopping in this mall since it is ________ (convenient) than the others.
13. Excuse me! Can you tell me where I can find ________ (near) bank here?
14. I have two little brothers in my family and I am ________ (old).
15. I think English is ________ (easy) than Chinese.
TYPICAL STRUCTURES
EXERCISES
 Clue  Elliptical Sentences

A. Combine the following sentences with the Elliptical Speech Connection.
Use too/so
1. Ann is a nurse at Hilton hospital. Amy is also a nurse there.
Too  __________________________________________________
So  __________________________________________________
2. Alice works at Wendy’s Restaurant. Angel also works there.
Too  __________________________________________________
So  __________________________________________________
3. Bill is studying now. Ben is also studying now.
Too  __________________________________________________
So  __________________________________________________
4. Bobby went to cinema last night. Barney also went there last night.
Too  __________________________________________________
So  __________________________________________________
5. Don has cleaned the room. Deny also has cleaned the room.
Too  __________________________________________________
So  __________________________________________________
6. Dennis must obey the rules. Donald must also obey the rules.
Too  __________________________________________________
So  __________________________________________________
7. Eddy is going to move to London. Edward is also going to move to London.
162
Too  __________________________________________________
So  __________________________________________________
8. Frank will join the meeting with us. Fowler will also join the meeting.
Too  __________________________________________________
So  __________________________________________________
B. Combine the following sentences with the Elliptical Speech Connection.

 Use either/neither
1. Gill was not a bus driver two years ago. George was not a bus driver at that time.
Either  __________________________________________________
Neither  __________________________________________________
2. Guile does not live in Chicago. Gerry does not live in Chicago
Either  __________________________________________________
Neither  __________________________________________________
3. Hawk is not watching TV now. Hans is not watching TV now.
Either  __________________________________________________
Neither  __________________________________________________
4. Irene hasn’t finished her work yet. Jack has not finished his work yet.
Either  __________________________________________________
Neither  __________________________________________________
5. Jill must not step on the grass. John must not step on the grass.
Either  __________________________________________________
Neither  __________________________________________________
6. Jay is not going to buy a new car. Jane is not going to buy a new car.
Either  __________________________________________________
Neither  __________________________________________________
7. Kim will not come late tomorrow. Jenny will not come late tomorrow.
Either  __________________________________________________
Neither  __________________________________________________
8. Laura did not see the accident yesterday. Lee did not see the accident.
Either  __________________________________________________
Neither  __________________________________________________
 Clue  Tag Questions

A. Complete the following sentences with the Question Tags (Positive).
1. I am a student, __________________?
2. It is a beautiful day, __________________?
3. He knows something about the plan, __________________?
4. She is going to help you, __________________?
5. They are swimming in the river now, __________________?
6. You can call the ambulance soon, __________________?
7. Somebody went to the office last night, __________________?
8. Everything is all right, __________________?
9. Tom has done his homework, __________________?
10. He would like to have some coffee, __________________?
B. Complete the following sentences with the Question Tags (Negative)

1. I am not invited, __________________?
163
2. He does not care about you, __________________?
3. She is not going to be here, __________________?
4. Somebody did not tell you the direction, __________________?
5. They would like to meet the director, __________________?
6. You have not repaired my car yet, __________________?
7. We can’t leave her alone here, __________________?
8. Something the same will not happen again, __________________?
9. Mary and Nina are not watching TV, __________________?
10. You were not sick yesterday __________________?
Integrated Exercise
1. Your sister always gets up late on Sundays, ____?
a. isn’t it b. does it c. doesn’t she d. does she
2. His name is not Paul, ____?
a. isn’t he b. isn’t his c. isn’t it d. does he
3. The dishes we had for lunch were very delicious, ____?
a. didn’t they b. hadn’t they c. weren’t they d. were they
4. Tom will have graduated from this school by July and My brother ____.
a. has too b. does too c. will too d. have too
5. Everybody agreed about the plan while ____.
a. I did b. I didn’t c. I was d. I wasn’t
6. You had better sleep now, ____?
a. don’t you b. didn’t you c. hadn’t you d. had you
7. You seldom have your hair cut short, ____?
a. don’t you b. do you c. haven’t you d. have you
8. Lee and Laura would rather not go out tonight and ____.
a. Bill would too c. So would not Bill
b. Neither would Bill d. Bill would either
9. I have got to go to the subway station now, but ____.
a. Jane doesn’t c. Jane hasn’t
b. Jane does d. Jane has
10. There was not any talk of such a thing, ____?
a. was it b. wasn’t it c. wasn’t there d. was there
11. Let’s make things better, ____?
a. shan’t we b. do we c. don’t we d. shall we
12. There aren’t any problems in our project, ____?
a. are there b. aren’t there c. isn’t it d. is it
13. The teachers are never late to the class and ____.
a. the students are too c. the students aren’t either
b. so do the students d. Neither do the students
14. Have another glass of water, ____?
a. do you b. will you c. don’t you d. aren’t you
15. You used to smoke after meal, ____?
a. did you b. were you c. didn’t you d. weren’t you
164
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WORD ORDER

 Clue  Basic Constructions

B. Identify the following adjective’s positions. Is it Predicative (P) or

C. Identify the underlined words below. Is it Adjective (Adj) or Adverb

 Clue  Personal Pronoun

 Clue  Possessive pronoun

 Clue  Demonstrative pronoun

 Clue  Relative pronoun

 Clue  Indefinite pronoun

 Clue  Reciprocal pronoun

Clue  Degree of Quantity

B. Change the underlined nouns into the correct form (Count/Non-count).

C. Choose the correct choice of the underlined verbs. Is it singular or Plural?

D. Choose the best choice to the following questions.

 Clue  Present Simple

E. Choose the best choice to the following questions!

 Clue  Present Progressive

8. The economic situation is getting worse today (+)

D. Choose the best choice to the following questions!

 Clue  Present Perfect

9. Kim has not read a new magazine (-)

C. Choose the best choice to the following questions!

 Clue  Present Perfect Progressive

Result  (play/as a professional)

E. Put for or since to the following sentences.

 Clue Past Simple

E. Choose the best choice to the following questions!

 Clue  Past Progressive

3. People felt happy when they joined the party yesterday.

5. Frank hid my bag when he was in the class last week.

6. While my sister was riding a motorcycle, someone robbed her

7. The burglar was trying to break the window when I got up

8. The monkeys jumped away when they saw a falling tree.

9. The birds flew away when they heard a shot gun.

10. Tom picked me up while I was making up my face on the

E. Choose the best choice to the following questions!

 Clue  Past Perfect

9. I / not / see / the film

D. Choose the best choice to the following questions!

 Clue  Past Perfect Progressive

C. Choose the best choice to the following questions!

 Clue  Future Simple

B. Identify the following statements. Is it Willingness (W), Plan (P) or Future

E. Choose the best choice to the following questions!

5. Tom : What do you think about Jane?

 Clue  Future Progressive

D. Choose the best choice to the following questions!

What will Jenny be doing at this time tomorrow?

 Clue  Future Perfect

 Clue  Future Perfect Progressive

5. Suzanne / stay / in a new flat / two months

D. Choose the best choice to the following questions!

 Clue  Modal Auxiliary

B. Complete the following sentences using can/may/must/should. Sometimes you

15. “I am sorry I was not able to finish typing your paper.”

 Clue  Passive Voice

C. Change the following sentences into the Indirect Passive Voice.

E. Choose the best choice to the following questions.

5. Costumer: I want the red dress displayed in the window yesterday.

19. Until Alexander Blackwell opened a medical school, American women