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English
Quarter 1 – Module 3:
Use of Modal Verbs

Prepared by:

Kimberly T. Prado

BSED – English II / Block 1

Submitted to:

Mr. Ferdinand P. Sagun

Adviser
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Introductory Message
For the learner:

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and accomplish.
Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner is capable and
empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and skills at your own pace
and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be able to process the
contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
This part gives you an idea of the skills or competencies
What I Need to Know you are expected to learn in the module.

This part includes an activity that aims to check what

What I Know you already know about the lesson to take. If you get
all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip
this module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review that helps you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you

What’s New in various ways such as a story, a song, a poem, a
problem opener, an activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson.

This aims to help you discover and understand new
concepts and skills.
What’s
This comprises activities for independent practice to
More solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You
may check the answers to the exercises using the
Answer Key at the end of the module.
What I Have Leaned This includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph to
be filled in to process what you learned from the
What I Can Do lesson.

This section provides an activity which will help you

transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life
situations or concerns.
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This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of

Assessment
mastery in achieving the learning competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given to you to

enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned.
Answer Key This also tends retention of learned concepts.

This contains answers to all activities in the module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing this

module.
About the Author This is an introduction to the author of this
module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module.
Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate
to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain
deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
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Lesson
Modal Verbs
1

What I Need to Know

Have you experienced expressing yourself the way it should be but have the hard time
in conveying your thoughts? In this module, you will learn on how to speak with urgency or
importance, possibility, and emphasis through the use of modal verbs. You will also learn its
uses.

Modal is an expression that carries different shades of meaning. It is used to show or

convey meaning with seriousness, certainty, and intensity. There are three types of modals
such as modal noun, modal verb, and modal adverb.

In this module, you will build up your knowledge in using modal verbs appropriately
in writing sentences and paragraphs.

Have fun while learning!

The Most Essential Learning Competency (MELC) covered in this module is on how
to use modal verbs appropriately.

Learning objectives:

In this module, you will be able to:

a. demonstrate understanding of modal verbs

b. recognize the features of modal verbs;
c. construct sentences using appropriate modal verbs;
d. express appreciation of Afro-Asian cultures reflected in the story using modal verbs.
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What I Know

Before you proceed, check your knowledge on the lesson that you are about to learn.
Test yourself by answering the questions below. Take note of the items that you cannot
answer correctly so you could look for the right answer as you go through this module.
Choose the correct modal to complete each sentence. Write the letter of your answer
on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Annaliza turn 16 this year and plans to have a simple party.

A. can B. may C. must D. will

2. You study hard to pass the test and make it to the top.

A. could B. might C. should D. would

3.
3. Only those who passed the admission test enroll in the
university.

A. can B. cannot C. must D. must not

4. My father works abroad, but he promised that he return home on my

graduation day.

A. can B. may C. must D. will

5. Everyone obey the health protocols given by the government to prevent the
spread of the virus and stop the pandemic.

A. can B. cannot C. may D. must

6. If Carl campaigns hard, his win is a/an .

A.promise B. certainty C. responsibility D. obligation

7. There is a of rain tomorrow.

A.decision B. request C. possibility D. necessity

8. Students have a/an to study hard.

A.likelihood B. willingness C. promise D. obligation

9. I have a friend who has the to read minds.

A.ability B. possibility C. request D. permission

10. The sick lady sent a/an for medical assistance.

A. request B. chance C. certainty D. promise

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11. My mother is coming home late tonight because of the heavy traffic.

A.obligately B. possibly C. ably D. promisingly

12. My father is proud to work hard for our family.

A. willingly B. permissively C. requisitely D. obligately

13. Tonton dances during the party.

A. necessarily B. surely C. ably D. certainly

14. My sister is supportive of my hobby.

A. possibly B. decidedly C. obligately D. necessarily

15. I played with my friends.

A. Surely B. permissively C. certainly D. promisingly

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What’s In

Today, as you continue working on the different learning tasks on modal verbs, your
competence on constructing grammatical sentences will be developed. Have fun today!

Activity 1 Roller Skate at the Park

Study the conversation between two friends at the park.

Ramel: It’s so great that you can roller skate, Geterel!

Geterel: I wish I could do it, too! It must be terrific!
Ramel: Don’t worry, I will teach you soon. After few hours of rolling skating in the
park.
Geterel: Shall we go home now, Ramel?
Ramel: Could we stay a little bit longer, please?
Geterel: [phone ringing] Oh that might be your mom.
Ramel: Yes, she is. She must be worried because I didn’t ask permission.

What does the italicized word mean?

Yes! They are called modal verbs. We will learn further about modal verbs and its various
functions as we go through your first module.
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What’s New

You have just done reviewing your previous lesson on writing a bibliography. This
time, as you go through the next activities, you will be learning about the correct use of
modal verbs.

Activity: What’s More Powerful

Study and analyze statements A and B.

Statement A Statement B

All persons below 21 years old might stay at home during E

All persons below 21 years old must stay at home during Enhanced Community Quarantine.

Self-check:

 Which of the two statements would make a person below 21 years old feel sadder?

 Notice the underlined words in the two statements. What do you think are these words?

 These words are examples of modal verbs.

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What is It

Did the previous activity help you? This part of the module will deepen your learning about
modal verbs and their functions.

Read and examine the sentences below:

1. His 75-year-old mother is too old to ride a horse.

2. His 75-year-old mother might be too old to ride a horse.

What have you noticed in sentences 1 and 2?

Do they have the same meaning? If not, what is their difference?

 Sentences 1 and 2 have different meanings. Sentence 1 states a fact that his mother is too old
for horseback riding. Sentence 2 expresses the possibility that his mother could no longer do
horseback riding due to her age.
 The presence of the word ‘might’ in sentence 2 makes the meaning different. The word
‘might ’is an example of a modal expression that functions as a verb.
 Aside from might, there are other commonly used modal expressions that function as a verb,
like may, can, could, shall, should, will, and would.

Modal Verbs are auxiliary or helping verbs which modify or change the meaning of the main verbs.
You use modal verbs in giving advice or suggestions, in making requests, or in giving predictions and
prohibitions. To show more of the other uses of modal verbs, here is a list with sample sentences:

Use Modal Sample Sentence

will, shall, must
Jahna’s debut party will be planned
really certain won’t/will not, shan’t/shall
secretly.
not, can’t/cannot
The traffic is not heavy. We should be there
very likely should, ought to
before the time.
Possibility may, might, could It may rain today.

strong The plan must be accomplished without her

must, have to, need to
obligation knowing it.
weak I should see a dentist. I have a bad breath even
should, ought to
obligation though I brush my teeth regularly.

needn’t/need not, don’t need

I need not brush my teeth now. I will just do it
no obligation to/do not need to, don’t have
later.
to/do not have to

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Use Modal Sample Sentence

permission can, may, could, might May I borrow your pen?
no can’t/ cannot, may not, You cannot go out without a quarantine
permission must not pass.
offer will, shall I will bring your things here.
request will, would, could Will you open the windows?
promise Will I will come back after sunset.
decision Will I will eat now.
advice and shall, should, shouldn’t/ You should wear appropriate attire for your
suggestion should not job interview.
ability can, could The students can sing harmoniously.
We can avoid the COVID-19 by following
general truth can, may
health protocols.

What’s More
For you to better understand what modals or modal expressions are, enjoy doing the series of
activities that follow.

Activity 1: Printed Shirt

If you were Andie, which of the shirts would you want to wear? Notice the modal verbs
printed on each shirt.

You MUST
Follow
me.

 Which printed shirt expresses obligation, ability, permission, request, or willingness?

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Assessment 1: Pick It Right

Determine the function of the underlined modal verb as used in the sentence. Write the
letter of your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Could you open the door for me?

A. offer B. permission C. promise D. request
2. I will eat now.
A. ability B. decision C. permission D. promise
3. May I go now?
A. decision B. offer C. permission D. request
4. I can play any musical instrument.
A. ability B. general truth C. offer D. promise
5. You must follow the doctor’s advice.
A. no obligation C. strong obligation
B. permission D. weak obligation

Activity 2: Let Us Talk!

Read the conversation below and list the modal verbs used. Write your answers on a separate
sheet of paper.

Hi, Yna! Hello, Ysa!

Of course, Ysa. We might get the deadly virus anytime, so we shouldn’t take any cha
Do we really need to wear our face mask whenever we go out?

You are right, Yna. We can’t take any chances of getting sick.
We should always wear a face mask and wash our hands to protect us.

Self-check:
 Do you also wear a face mask like Ysa and Yna?
 What words are used in expressing necessity of wearing face masks?

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Assessment 2: Mean It Right!

Choose the correct word that would best complete the sentence. Write the letter of your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Jahna turn 18 this year, but because of the pandemic, we have cancelled all the
preparations and reservations.
A. can B. may C. must D. will
2. To look pleasant is a key in getting a job. So, you wear appropriate attire for
your interview.
A. could B. might C. should D. would
3. During Enhanced Community Quarantine, only those who have quarantine passes
go outside from their houses to buy necessities.
A. can B. cannot C. must D. must not
4. My father works abroad, but he promised that he return home on my graduation
day.
A. can B. may C. must D. will
5. Everyone obey the health protocols given by the government to prevent the spread
of the virus and stop the pandemic.
A. can B. cannot C. may D. must

Activity 3: Reading Selection

You have a glimpse of the Chinese way of living through the literary pieces and activities you
worked in the previous module. You will now have a taste of the Japanese culture in this part of the
lesson. As you read the excerpt below, please find the answers to the following questions:
1. Are the values and/or traditions of the Japanese similar to that of the Filipinos? In what way?
2. How did the farmer violate the governor’s law? Why did he do it?

The Story of the Aged Mother

A Japanese Folktale (An excerpt)
By Matsuo Basho

Long ago, in a tiny village in Japan, there lived a young farmer and his old mother. They lived
well but simply until the cruel governor declared a wicked law. He said, “I have no desire for old
people in my village. They are weak and cannot do work!” The law was to put the people aging 75
years and above to be abandoned in the mountain. The cruel governor also added, “All who will
disobey the law must be put to death together with their old relatives.” This law made the young
farmer very sad for his mother was very old. Though he loved his mother, he must obey the governor.
The young farmer carried his mother to the mountain with a heavy heart. On their way to the
mountain, the mother dropped small twigs as markers to help her son get back. When the farmer bade
farewell, she advised him to return home with the aid of the twigs. This made the son make up his
mind to take his mother back home. Filled with dread, he hid his mother in his home. Their kitchen,
where he keeps their food, became his mother’s new place to live. Time passed, and the farmer was
beginning to feel safe when the governor had announced a demand to all of his people that he
wanted a rope of ash. Nobody in the village could make one, it was impossible. The farmer became
anxious with the governor’s demand,

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so he asked his mother if she knew how to make one. His old mother, filled with the wisdom she
gained from her years of living, had smiled to show her son that the governor’s demand is not
impossible. She said, “Son, make a rope from a twisted straw.” Then she added, “Stretch it on a flat
stone and burn it there on a windless night.”

The farmer did what his mother told him, and amazingly it worked. He told the other villagers
that he could make the governor’s demand. Immediately, the farmer was sent to the governor’s place
to show him the rope of ashes. The governor became happy to see how smart his people are from
accomplishing a difficult task. To his joy, he asked the farmer where he got his wisdom. This made
the farmer tremble in fear and immediately bowed down to the governor, begging for forgiveness. The
farmer had told him about his mother and how he was able to create the rope of ashes.

The governor became silent and had thought deeply for a while. At that moment, he abolished
his law on abandoning the old people. He would not kill the elders anymore because they had great
wisdom.

Comprehension Check:
 What was the governor’s reason for sending the old people away?
 Why did the farmer take his mother to the mountain and bring her back even though he might
be punished?
 What caused the governor not to kill the farmer and his mother after disobeying his law?
 Did you find the values and/or traditions of the Japanese people reflected in the story similar
to your values and/or traditions as a Filipino? Explain your answer briefly.
 Why is it important to know the values and traditions of our Asian neighbors?

Assessment 3: Share Now

Choose the correct answer to the questions based on the story. Write the letter of your answer
on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What punishment would the governor give to those who might disobey the law?
A. The relatives of those who will disobey will be put to death.
B. All who will disobey will be buried at the topmost part of the mountain.
C. Any citizen who will disobey will be buried alive by his/her relatives.
D. All who will disobey the law must be put to death together with their old relatives.

2. How did the young farmer respond to the law of the governor?
A. He must obey the governor.
B. He would defy the governor’s law.
C. He should hide his mother from the governor’s eyes.
D. He could not possibly follow the governor because he dearly loved his mother.

3. What did the governor think about his demand in making a rope of ash?
A. Nobody in the village could make a rope of ash.
B. Only the governor himself can make the rope of ash.
C. Somebody from the village could make a rope of ash.
D. It is impossible that someone can think of a way in making a rope of ash.

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4. What was the young farmer’s reaction upon knowing the governor’s demand?
A. He was certainly desperate.
B. He thought that he should not inform his mother about the demand.
C. He told the other villagers that he could make the governor’s demand.
D. He did not tell the other villagers that he could make the governor’s demand.

5. What could be the decision of the governor after knowing that it was the young farmer’s
aged mother who taught him how to make a rope of ash?
A. He would ask the young farmer to be one of his trusted men.
B. He would certainly punish the young farmer for disobeying his order.
C. He would not kill the elders anymore because they had great wisdom.
D. He considered the possibility of letting the young farmer and his aged mother live in his house.

What I Have Learned

Complete the paragraph by writing down the things that you have learned about modal verbs.
Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

My Diary

For the past few days, I have learned that modal verbs are
(1) . They are words that (2) or
(3) the meaning of the main verbs.

The words can, could, (4) , (5) and

(6) are some examples of modal verbs.

Modal verbs function differently. They are used to show a

possibility, (7) , (8) ,
(9) , (10) , (11) ,
(12) , (13) , and (14) .

I conclude that modal verbs are

(15)
.

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What I Can Do

Look at the table below. Basing from the meaning of the modal in column A, write the
appropriate modal verb for column B and its sample sentence in column C. Write your answers on a
separate sheet.

Meaning Modal Example

Example: ability Can I can swim.

1. really certain

2. very likely

3. possible

4. strong obligation

5. weak obligation

6. no obligation

7. permission

8. no permission

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Lesson
Modal Nouns
2

What’s In

You have just read the Story of the Aged Mother and moved by the characters dedication towards
honoring the old people. Let’s see how much you can recall from the story by answering the activity
below.

Activity: In the Right Order

Arrange the letters below to form the modal verb that fits the sentence.

1. The son not leave his mother alone. He felt a

DOUCL great responsibility to take back his mother home.

2. The possibility of the farmer to leave his old mother on the

SOHULD top of a mountain be done or else both of them
will die.
3. The governor realized his mistake so with the ability he has as a
ILWL governor he abolish the law.
4. Long, long ago there lived a poor farmer and his aged
DOLUW mother in a village where a cruel governor test
the capacity of his people in following his demands.
5. The governor once again expressed his ability to use his power
by demanding that his people bring him
UMST a rope of ashes. Using the clever idea of his mother, the
farmer made a rope of ashes.

Take note of the underlined words used in each of the sentences. Are they familiar to you?
These words are called modal nouns. The next activities will let you know more about them.

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What’s New
Do you remember the announcement in the previous lesson which said, “All persons below
21 years old must stay at home during Enhanced Community Quarantine”? What was your reaction to
it?
Below is the reaction of Peter and Donna. Read their dialogue and find out if you have the
same reaction.

Donna, did you hear that it is an Really, Peter? I thought it is only

obligation for persons below 21 years a possibility!
old to stay at home during Enhanced
Community Quarantine?
Well, whether it is an
obligation or just a
possibility, it is a
necessity that we
That is what I protect ourselves from
heard in the the virus. Right, Peter?
news.

You are right,

Donna.

 Do you have the same reaction with Peter and Donna? Notice the underlined words. What do
you think are these words?
 These words are called modal nouns.

What is It
Based on what you have noted on the use of modal nouns from Peter and Donna in their
conversation in the previous activity, let us learn more about Modal nouns.

Read and study the sentences below.

A. If Carl campaigns hard, his win is a certainty.
B. Carl’s friends expressed their willingness to help Carl in his campaign.
C. There is likelihood that the students will vote for Carl.

What do the underlined words in each sentence mean?

Do they have the same meaning? If not, what makes them different? How
are they used in the sentences?

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 The three underlined words may mean the same because they are all qualities or states.
However, each is unique. ‘Certainty’ is a quality or state of being certain or sure.
‘Willingness’ is a quality or state of being ready to do something. Furthermore, ‘likelihood’ is
a quality or state of something having the chance to happen.

 Specifically, ‘certainty’ in Sentence 1 expresses that Carl’s win is for sure. The word
‘willingness’ in Sentence 2 expresses that Carl’s friends are ready to help him. In addition,
‘likelihood’ in Sentence 3 expresses that there is a chance that the students will vote for Carl.

 These words are used as nouns that express modality. These nouns, that express modality, are
called modal nouns. Just like the modal verbs, modal nouns also express the quality or state
in some manner other than as a simple fact.

Read the table below that shows more examples of modal nouns, their meanings, and sample
sentences.
Modal Noun Meaning Sample Sentence
possibility the condition or fact of being possible There is a possibility of rain
tomorrow.
obligation a condition or feeling of being Students have an obligation to
obligated or required study hard.
necessity the quality or state of being in need Nowadays, mobile phones are
considered a necessity.
ability the quality or state of being able I have a friend who has the
ability to read minds.
permission the right or ability to do something given My brother is given permission to
by someone who has the power play.
to allow or disallow
request the condition or state of being The sick lady sent a request for
requested or sought after medical assistance.
promise a declaration to do or refrain from It is important that when we
doing something make a promise, we keep it.
chance the condition or fact of a particular If Tony works hard, he has a big
outcome in an uncertain situation chance of succeeding.
requirement a condition that something is needed or During the pandemic, quarantine
must be done pass is a requirement if one will
go to the grocery store.
responsibility the quality or state of being It is the parents’ responsibility to
responsible provide for their children.
capacity the quality or state of being able to do I believe my teacher has the
something capacity to teach us online.

What do you observe with the modal nouns shown in the table?
Are they similar to modal verbs? If yes, how are they similar? If not, how are they different?

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 The modal nouns are mostly names of qualities or states. They are similar to modal verbs in a
way that they also express modal meaning. However, they are different from modal verbs in
the way they are used in a sentence. Modal verbs are used to add information to the main verb
while modal nouns name a quality, state, or condition that state modality.

What’s More
It is now time for you to practice what you learned about modal nouns. Accomplish the
activities and assessments provided for you to enrich your learning.

Activity 1: Be Puzzled!
Find the given words in the grid. They are formed horizontally or vertically. Write your
answers on a separate answer sheet of paper.

opportunity
possibility
ability
willingness
certainty
requiremen
t obligation

Self-check:
Have you found all the
modal nouns?
What modal noun did
you find first?

Assessment 1: Find Me
Identify the modal nouns used in each sentence. Write your answers on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. There is a possibility that I will be chosen to join the contest.

2. The weather forecast stated that the likelihood of rain tomorrow is high.
3. Eating healthy foods is a necessity.
4. Many people expressed their willingness to help those in need.
5. My father made a promise that he would buy me a laptop.
6. We have an obligation to take care of the environment.
7. The construction workers made a request to allow them to go back to work.
8. Our classroom has the capacity to accommodate 30 students.
9. I met the basic requirements for me to enroll in an online class.
10. Many families were given the chance to bond during the lockdown.

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Activity 2: Fill It Out

Fill in the crossword puzzle with modal nouns defined below. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.

Self-check:
 Are you now more familiar with the meaning of some modal nouns?
 Which of the modal nouns are you most familiar with?

Assessment 2: What’s in the Blank?

Write the correct modal nouns to complete the sentences. Use the given meaning beside
the sentence as your clue. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1. There is a big that I will (the condition or fact of a particular

make it to the top. outcome in an uncertain situation)

2. It is my to make my (the quality or state of being responsible)

assignments on time.

3. My mother gave me the (the right or ability to do something given

to play after I do my homework. by someone who has the power to
allow or disallow)

4. Sometimes, I lose my to (the quality or state of being able)

concentrate on my studies.

5. There is a that classes (the condition or fact of being possible)

will be postponed.

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Activity 3: Choose It Right!

Complete the description of each picture below by writing the correct modal nouns. Choose
your answers from the word box. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

obligation ability promise chance necessity likelihood

1. It is a that we avoid wet floors to avoid accident.

2. Every parent has an to take care of their

children especially when they are sick.

3. Many love Anna because of her to sing.

4. I hope I will have the to ride my bicycle again.

5. I was so happy on my birthday because my mother kept her

that she would buy me a cake.

Self-check:
 How about you? What do you wish for your birthday?

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Assessment 3: Describe It
Use a modal in writing a sentence that will describe the given picture. Write your
answers on a separate sheet provided for you.

1. .

2. .

3. .

4. .

What I Have Learned

Complete the paragraph by writing down the things that you have learned about modal
nouns. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
My Diary
For the past few days, I have learned that modal nounsare .Theyareusedto
.
Thewordspossibility,certainty ,
,,, andare some examples of modal nouns.
They may mean similar to modal verbs because
. However, they are different to modal verbs because
.

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What I Can Do
This time, you are going to apply what you learned from the lesson to solve the problem of
garbage pollution.

Think of five ideas that will help minimize the problem of garbage pollution in our country.
Write them in complete sentences using the given modal nouns. Be guided by the illustrations. Write
your answers on the answer sheet provided for you.

Modal Noun: necessity

Sentence:

Modal Noun: obligation

Sentence:

Modal Noun: requirement

Sentence:

Modal Noun: responsibility

Sentence:

Modal Noun: promise

Sentence:

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Lesson
Modal Adverbs
3

What’s In

Write the correct modal nouns to complete the sentences. Use the given meaning beside
the sentence as your clue. Write your answers on the answer sheet provided for you.

Sentences Meaning
1. My mother is possibly be given the - the right or ability to do something given by
to sell vegetables in someone who has the power to allow or
the market. disallow
2. My friend has the to
lift objects twice her weight. She the quality or state of being able
certainly would win in a weightlifting
contest.
3. Surely, this generation considers mobile the quality or state of being in need
phones as a -
.
4. There is a of rain the condition or fact of being possible
tomorrow, it is necessarily to bring
an umbrella.
5. Arrah decidedly write the list of the a condition that something is needed or
school’s to apply for must be done-
a scholarship.

Take note of the underlined words used in each of the sentences. Are they familiar to
you?

These words are called modal adverbs. The next activities will let you know more
about this topic.

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What’s New
Do you remember Peter and Donna? They are friends who are staying at home because of the
Enhanced Community Quarantine. They want to be productive while they are at home, so they ask
each other about activities that they can do.
Let us find out the activities that they are planning to do.
Donna, what are we going to do
to be productive at home during We can possibly do
this quarantine? gardening, Peter. What do
you think?
I think it is a great idea.

We can also willingly help

our parents in doing the
household chores.

You are right, Donna.

Indeed, Peter. I am certainly happy
you came up with that idea. Our
parents will be surely proud of us if
we do that. Right, Peter?

What do you think of the ideas of Peter and Donna? Would you do the same activities? Notice
the underlined words. What do you think are these words?
These words are called modal adverbs.

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What is It
In the previous lesson, you learned about modal verbs and modal nouns. This time, you will
learn about modal adverbs.

Read and study the sentences below.

A. If Carl campaigns hard, he shall surely win.

B. Carl’s friends are willingly happy to help him in his campaign.
C. The students will likely vote for Carl.

What do you call the underlined words in each sentence? Is

there something unique with these words?
How are these words related to modal verbs and modal nouns?

 You probably remember that the underlined words are called adverbs that are used to describe
or give more information about verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. Unlike other adverbs,
these ones are unique because they help express modality and that is why they are called
modal adverbs.

 The modal adverbs used in the given sentences describe the adjective and modal verbs or
expressions found in each sentence. In Sentence A, the modal adverb ‘surely’ describes the
modal expression ‘shall win’. It adds the information that without a doubt, Carl will win. The
modal adverb ‘willingly’ in Sentence B describes the adjective ‘happy’. It helps to express
that the students are ready to help Carl. Furthermore, the modal adverb ‘likely’ describes the
modal expression ‘will vote’. It gives more information that there is a chance that the students
will vote for Carl.

Read the table below that shows more examples of modal adverbs, their meanings, and
sample sentences.

Modal Noun Meaning Sample Sentence

used to state that something My mother is possibly coming home
Possibly
is possible to happen today.
in a manner that is sure or I am certainly joyful that my family is
Certainly
without a doubt always with me.
in an obligate or necessary My father is obligately proud to work
Obligately
manner hard for our family.
Lolo said that a person’s success does
used to state that something is
necessarily not necessarily reflect one’s personality
necessary or needed
towards other people.
in a skillful or competent
Ably Tonton dances ably during the party.
manner

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Modal Noun Meaning Sample Sentence

used to state something that is
I have to requisitely answer my
Requisitely essential or important for a
homework.
particular purpose
The concert started promisingly but it
Promisingly in a promising manner did not maintain the interest of its
audience.
in a manner that is free from My sister is decidedly supportive of my
Decidedly
doubt hobby.
The police responsibly helped the old
Responsibly in a responsible manner
man cross the road.
used to state something that
Permissively I played permissively with my friends.
is granted or given permission

What adjectives, modal verbs, or expressions are described by the modal adverbs in the given sample
sentences?

What have you observed with the modal adverbs?

Are they similar to modal verbs and modal nouns? If yes, how are they similar? If not, how are they
different?

 In the given sample sentences, the underlined words are the modal adverbs and the italicized
words are the words they describe. Most of the modal adverbs describe how something is
done and how someone feels about something.

 They are similar to modal verbs and modal nouns because they express modality. However,
they differ in form and the way they are used in sentences. Modal verbs are used to add
information to the main verb. On the other hand, modal nouns name a quality, state, or
condition that state modality while modal adverbs describe or give more meaning or
information to verbs and adjectives.

What have you observed with the form of modal adverbs?

 Noticeably, most modal adverbs have equivalent modal noun forms. Some of the examples
are possibly and possibility, necessarily and necessity, certainly and certainty, etc.

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What’s More

In this part of the module, you will practice what your learned about modal adverbs.
The next set of activities and assessments will help you enrich your learning.

Activity 1: Scramble Time

Arrange the scrambled words to form modal adverbs. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper
SLYISOBP
LIGNLLIYW
EGLITOBYAL
BYLA
LYMNIRPGSIO
RPYSIEELVIMS
DDYCDLIEE
IIEYRQLTSEU

Self-check:
 How long did it take you to answer the activity?
 What helped you discover the correct word?

Assessment 1: Harvest Modal Adverbs

From the tree, harvest the modal adverbs and put them inside the basket. Write your answers
on a separate sheet of paper.

promise responsibly will

certainly necessarily
likely possibility

can surely
chance

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Activity 2: Look for My Twin

Match the modal adverb in Column A to its correct meaning in Column B. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Column A Column B
1. permissively A. used to state something that is essential or
2. requisitely important for a particular purpose
3. necessarily B. used to state that something is possible to
4. likely happen
5. possibly C. used to state something that is granted or
given permission
D. used to state that something is necessary or
needed
E. in an obligate or necessary manner
F. used to state that something good might
happen

Assessment 2: Pick the Meaning

Choose the letter of the modal adverb defined in the underlined phrase in each
sentence. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Anna danced in a skillful or competent manner.

a. certainly b. possibly c. obligately d. ably

2. My father has given me the permission to go picnic with my friends.

a. willingly b. likely c. permissively d. necessarily

3. I love my mother without a doubt.

a. requisitely b. promisingly c. certainly d. responsibly

4. My father raises me in a responsible manner.

a. decidedly b. responsibly c. ably d. surely

5. A heavy rain is something that is possible to happen today.

a. possibly b. necessarily c. decidedly d. willingly

Activity 3: What Does a Teacher Do?

Complete the sentences by identifying the most appropriate modal adverbs that describe
the duties of teachers. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

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A. Teachers (responsibly, promisingly, likely) prepare lessons for their classes.

B. Teachers (necessarily, requisitely, possibly) sleep late at night to organize their
classroom presentations.
C. Teachers (obligately, decidedly, ably) teach their learners.
D. Teachers (necessarily, promisingly, possibly) conduct home visits to learners who have
problems in their grades and classroom behavior.
E. Teachers (surely, decidedly, likely) dedicate themselves to guide the learners.

Self-check:
 What duties of a teacher do you appreciate the most? Why?

Assessment 3: Future-Teller
Share what you want to become in the future by writing your dream profession inside the box.
Then, write sentences about the roles/duties of that profession using modal adverbs. Write your
answers on the answer sheet.

My dream profession is

ROLES / DUTIES

1.

2.

3.

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What I Have Learned

Complete the paragraph by writing down the things that you have learned about modal
adverbs. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

My Diary
I learned that modal adverbs are (1) . They are used to
(2) .
The words possibly, certainly (3) , (4) , (5) ,
(6) , and (7) are some examples of modal adverbs.
They may mean similar to modal verbs and modal nouns because (8)
. However, they are different to
modal verbs and modal nouns because (9)
.
All the three modal expressions are (10) .

What I Can Do
In this part of the module, you will apply what you learned from the lesson by doing the
activity below.

Help your community recover from flood by writing the things that should be done and how
these should be done by you and other people in your community. Use modal adverbs in writing your
sentences. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

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Assessment
Choose the correct modal to complete each sentence. Write the letter of your answer on your
answer sheet.

1. There is a of rain tomorrow.

A. decision B. request C. possibility D. necessity

2. I have a friend who has the to read minds.

A. ability B. possibility C. request D. permission

3. My mother is coming home late tonight because of the heavy traffic.

A. obligately B. possibly C. ably D. promisingly

4. Only those who passed the admission test enroll in the university.
A. can B. cannot C. must D. must not

5. If Carl campaigns hard, his win is a/an .

A. promise B. certainty C. responsibility D. obligation

6. My sister is supportive of my hobby.

A. possibly B. decidedly C. obligately D. necessarily

7. Annaliza turn 16 this year and plans to have a simple party.

A. can B. may C. must D. will

8. Everyone obey the health protocols given by the government to prevent the
spread of the virus and stop the pandemic.
A. can B. cannot C. may D. must

9. The sick lady sent a/an for medical assistance.

A. request B. chance C. certainty D. promise

10. My father works abroad, but he promised that he return home on my

graduation day.
A. can B. may C. must D. will

11. Tonton dances during the party.

A. necessarily B. surely C. ably D. certainly

12. Students have a/an to study hard.

A. likelihood B. willingness C. promise D. obligation

13. I played with my friends.

A. surely B. permissively C. certainly D. promisingly
14. You study hard to pass the test and make it to the top.
A. could B. might C. should D. would

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Additional Activities

Hi! I am Luis. May I share to you the activities that I enjoy doing at home with my family? In the morning, I he

Activity 1: Of Chores I Can!

Write a short paragraph about the activities you enjoy doing at home with your family. Do not
forget to use modal verbs, modal nouns, and modal adverbs in your sentences. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper. In making a short paragraph, be guided by the rubrics.

Criteria (10) (8-9) (6-7) (4-5) (2-3)

Writing Content has Content has Content has Content has Content has
Mechanics/ shown modal shown modal shown modal shown shown
Content verbs, modal verbs, modal verbs, modal modal verbs, modal verbs,
nouns, and nouns, and nouns, and modal nouns, modal nouns,
modal modal modal and modal and modal
adverbs with adverbs with adverbs with adverbs with adverbs with
no error 1-2 errors 3-4 errors 5-6 errors 7-8 errors
found either found either found either found either found either
in spelling, in spelling, in spelling, in spelling, in spelling,
punctuation, punctuation, punctuation, punctuation, punctuation,
and and and grammar and and
grammar. grammar. grammar. grammar.

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Answer Key

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References
Caldito, A., 2020. LR Portal. [online] Deped LR Portal. Available at:
<https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/detail/15688> [Accessed 3 July 2020].
Murcia-Celce, Marianne, and Dianne Freeman-Larsen.1999. The Grammar Book: An
ESL/EFL Teacher’s Course Second Edition. United States of America: Heinle & Heinle
Publishers.
2020 Merriam-Webster, Inc.

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