GRE HT 6-9) we “Tae 5+ 6(=9) 20= 9 Co) 1429 0andr—9 40 te-29 4x ORT ete ee SF TaTS ReaD a RQr+ +23) Be eas 4 "GaGt) Gey =r) “Baa x(a +2) Gre arr Neti Functions 1 Soltions Manual Ae = 3) = 3e(8e +2) Grae ar+3) _ (ae = By = OF + 60) Gr Gr G+ 3) ] =~ Ise Gye aa 2e= 34 Oand 3x +2 Oand 2¢ +340 es sep oe 18, Yes, a log as there were no restrictions factored out 9-If the tree consecutive natural numbers are and x +2, you want to show: (atx +2) xG@+ G42) i+ HG +2) Xo T+) Lele +2) Weer paenres) G+ DG +3 = te +2) + ale +2) + xe ED xy Der) DEtee2t eserves Wt Der _ ae Hor +2 RF DEFD 3 +a +2 werer BaG +3) 02 Het ND ae Sort yen 34d Yes itive a+ DeF2)CHAPTER 3: Quadratic Functions NOTE: Answers ae given to the sume number of 3. The axis of symmetry ofa parabola isthe ‘decimal points as te numbers in each question, vertical line x = c, ca fixed number, about whic the parabola is symmetric. The vertex of i : 2 parabola the pnt here the ani of sym Gating Seated S88 inet interct the parabola, The oman the 1 fs)=-3e tart Set of vcs ht Lam abl to cosier, and sy + 4q)~1 the range ithe set of values that re it” Sant or atained, by the fc in question op -2F +4(-2)=1 244-2) cag aa “4 axis of symmey:x = -3 vertex: (3,4) domain: (2 © R), “al eal numbers” ©) fk) = —3(b) + AU) = range: © Rly = ~4) W3E 44k 1 b) 1) fk) = ~3(-¥) + 4-1 ® 34k 1 6 2.To express the following quadraticsn stan- « ‘dard form f(s) = ar + bx eT will needto | 2 A ‘bo polynomial matplication and simpli a) f(a) = (308 +3) VES Pat Se 15 axis of symmeuy=x = 5 P42 1S vertex: (51) by fla) = 2x +6) domain: (x © R}, “all eal numbers” de + ie range: (y' «© Rly = 1) ©) flay = =3( 427 +3 44For a quadratic in standard form (a+ 2)(a +2) +3 yn ar + byte, where a #0, care rel Boe + 2r+ De +4) +3 umber, I can manipulate this equation so that Bet arta) +3 it's easier to work with as follows (thsi called BY 1dr 1243 “completing the square"): E1209 year torte amerert debe) Sass ndeete F5-) Nelion Function 11 Solutions Manual M“This last expressions quite useful. For instance, Tan now find the aus of symmetry uit esl. ‘Todo his, noice tht the points x “-( -care the same distance from, and on ri 2) sonasas b opposite sides ofthe point —2 onthe wai A Similar argument holds inthe case of Soong! — io a ‘my modified equaticn for y Ihave “od 8) v0) ‘Thats the p-values ae the same athe wo 2 — and this shows that he points x and raph of this function is symmetric abou the 2 vertical line x = =2; and so this is my axis 2 of symmetry: Now Ica find the vertex by Substituting this point ito my equation: » dae = 8 Ce a wea =) 2 gbic Tewari ‘quadratic. So, fom what {just dd this funtion Js symmetric about the vertical line ’ =o and this isthe xi of symmetry, The vere is bse), (940K) ae) (aay = (0) Filly the “tireston of peng” or the pero dtermined bythe sign oft cot- Sent name siting net othe tenn, Ths iss the mamber ain sta form, and the Taraol vl open pnd ifthe sgn sad wna ithe sign In ths sae the i ofe= 1's tyandso te pe aboa opens upward. yy = 3G 4) + te Th qedate iscemes siemly in “completed safer, So fom Sat di above, Fino that be (gy Ba “4 and the ais of symm is.x = 4 Alo cara We so the vertex i, 1 Finally $0 this parabola open pwn y= OS¢e 2 7) From my experience Spar, Tkinow that 3 is postne, Chapter 3: Quadratic FunctionsSo the axis of symmetry is x = ~7, the vertex is (7, ~3). and See a = ~05 is negative, the parabola opens downward 4) y= 3x + 2)x ~ $): We first put this ‘quate in stand form ya Ber + 2)Cr= 5) = 32 4 2 - Se~ 10) =3(¢ = 3x = 10) = 30 + 9r +30 6 = 30, and 0 Sox 055 orx = 546. ©) 34? ~ 2x ~ 5 =: can foto. (+ 1)G ~ 5) x+1=Uor3e-5= 5 Sox -torx = 3. 4) 32+ Oe = 7 + 9x ~ 3: Moving everthing to the lefchand side ofthis equation gives me 22 ~Ik+3=0 “This means that he axis of symmetry isx tevenis($!2) ate prions Fp see a, downward (since a= ~3 s negative) @r- Ne -3) '5.To see how to solve the following equations, 2 ~ 1 = Dor ~3= Trt consider he standard form ofthe quadrat- 1 Gg ie again, once Uhave completed the square: 2 your tbete 6. The wimercepts are the points where the “roots” or "zeroes" of the parabola are located, So, iF have a quadratic in standard form Js) = ar + bx + ¢, finding the imerceps is ‘basically the same as solving the equation f(x) ~ 0,1 dd in problem 5 af = 9 = 0: can factor (3) 43)=0 x—3=Oorr+3=0 So. = 23 are the solutions nd the s-interceps are (3.0) and (~3,0), Dye ~ 8r-~ 18 = 0: use the quadratic formula b= VB tae 2a is s known asthe - tes te ais forts (nooo the sve DE parabola (hats laces where the parabola hits 20) the x-axis). Sometimes, rather than using the ‘quadkatie formula twill be easier to jus ctor the quadratic to frd its 08s, lke in par a) Sor below, for instance. 183 and x = 9.83 ae the solutions, ercepts are (~ 1.83.0) and ays — Te +24 = 0: ere, Fcan factor @-De-8) ©) 3 + Id ~ § = 0: Lean factor, x—3=0orr 890 Gr-4Q-x=0 Sox Se 4= or-2—x=0 Nelson Functions 11 Solutions Manual B4 Sox= $and.x = 2are the soluons and the stim ($4) a 0 4) 6 ~ 28 2x(3 — 2) = 2x 0ors Sox = Oand x = 3are the solutions and the intercepts ae (00) and (3 0) 7. The easiest way 1 graph a parahola i 0 Sart with the basie quadratic y = 17.1 has the following graph 0: ean actor, Tasas * 2 (Changing the quadratic wo y = a(x d)? + k will have the effect of contacting/stretching this hase parabola ty a factor ofa (and fipping itita <0), followed by shifting it horizontally by unis, then finaly sifting it venicaly by. ‘units. This allows me to grap the following ‘quadratcs by hand ay fle) =P + Sahih y = up by Sun 8 rere) Tao 2x ~ a:stetch y = 2 by a factor Site down by 4 units 0.72) = ~ (4 ~ 2)(4 + 8): multiply out he ‘expression for fx) simplify then complete the square. fx) = ~(e- 2) +8) (2 te 8 ~ 16) (2 + 6r — 16) (24 6r+9- 9-16) (+37 ~9~ 16) (es 3y 425 So fip y =, shift et 3 units, then up 25 unis @) f(a) = = (2 +2)! + Sip = 2 shite eft 2 units, then up 3 unis flnk-era)-2 8, Here ae some possibilities: Chapter 3: Quadratic Functions3.1 Properties of Quadratic Functions, pp. 145-147 1.8) Make a table of fist and second ference. = [-¥_[ ist ferences [2d differences a2 1s [a = 15 = | -4— sip [ 7=it==4 [a= Of r[ 3-7=-a[-4— i[3[=i-3=—4 ait = a ‘Since the frst differences ae constant and nonzero, and the second diferences are 270, the fonction i ine, >) Make a tble of stand second difernces. 2 | y | tstatferences | 2d differences =zCry a= 3=2 = st 6= 43 of-6 | = 10 [ is 10= 5 = ahs = = Since the Fist diffaences ave non-constant and the second diferences are constant and nonzero, the fueton s quadratic ©) Make a table of irs and second differences. upward, and a negative coefficient means the parabola will open downward 8) f(x) = 3 opens upward, bye) = 20-9041) = 2 = 20-3) W284 46 So the parabola opens downward fla) = + SF — 1 == + 10r +25) -1 <8 ~~ 26 So the parabola opens downward ae 4) fox) = F8 — 2x ~ 1 opens upward 3x) = =3r = Ge +6) 8) To ind the zeros, set the equation qual =3e=2) +6) x-2=0orr +60 So the zeros are x = 2 and x by fla) = 30 = 2) +6) =3(2 + 4r~ 12) = = 120 + 36 So since the coefficient of + is negative, the parabola will open downward (©) The axis of symmetry wil ie halfway between the zeros. So by para), the equation for this ais is 2-6 = Txt diferences | 2nd differences <3[a] g-de4 | 4-4-0 =1te| 2-824 obi is == 4 this [20-16 = 2120) ‘Since the frat difrences are constant and ‘nonzero, and the second differences ae ze0, {he fonction i ine 2) Make a table of first and second differences = _[}_[ ist iferences | 2nd differences Hap ste 3 [t= 3) #2 =ip4[s=4=—1 ops [a=ser rps [aaa = 33 = = Since the Fist differences are non-constant, and the second differenses are constant and nonzero, the funtion is quadratic, 2. To determine whether a parabola opens ‘upward or dosenvard, I noed only Took atthe coefficient (numbe) siting next othe 2° term. IE this cocticent x postive, the parabola opens elton Functions 11 Solutions Manual ae -2 1) Isee directly from the graph that the vertex is (=2,3) 1) The axis of symmeuy goes through the vertex, so by part a) the axis of symmetry is x= ~2 Of course, this agrees with what I see in the graph £6) The domain is “all el numbers" or {x € R), and the range is (y © Rly = 3), since all values below 3are“hit™ by the graph5.1) fx) = ~ 3:this will sift the standard parabola y = 2 dovn by thee uit, giving the raph So the axis of symmetry is x = 0 the vertex is (0,3) and te paabola opens upward by f(a) = = (e+ 37 4tis wil ip the Standard parabola y =.=. then shift i eft by 3 units and dven by 4 units, giving the graph TH So the axis of symmety is x = ~3, the vertex Js (~3, 4, and the parabola opens downward ©) f(s) = 28 — 4)¢¢ + 2) this parabola will have zeros x = Gand x= ~2, so thatthe axis of symm-yis 4-2 z “1 ‘Then the ycoordinae forthe vertex is fy = 201 = 4)(1 +2) 18 So have vente (1, ~18). Its clear, from mul- ‘plying out the equation, thatthe coefficient next to is positive so the parabola will open "upward, All ofthis information i enough for re to sketch the graph fe) = 2ie— ae) aaa +6 So the axis of symmetry isx = ~3,the vertex is (3.4), and the parabola opens downward, one py tor thn it ip by ais ping on “+ 4 this wil ip the stand then compress the raph by a 7 a L So the axis of symmeury is x = 0, the vertex is (0,4) and the parabola opens downward, Gap flo) = =3r= 1 +6 BGP — 2641) +6 =k torts So the ycoordinate forthe yimtercept is 10) = ~3(0)° + 6(0) +3 ‘Thats, Fhave yimercept (0, 3). bya) = 4x ~ 3)(0 +7) (2 + ar ~ 21) = 4 + 6 — 8 So the y-coorinate fr the y-interoepe is 0) = (0)? + 16(0) — 84 =st 7. y ‘chapter 3: Quadratic Functions8) The parabola opens downward by The venexis (=1.8), 6) The zeros are x = —3 and.x = 1, s0 the -cinterceps are (~3.0) and (1.0). 4) The domain is [¢ © Rand the range is (ye Ry = 8} «) Since the graphs & parabola, andi opens Alowrnward, the seed differences would be ‘constant of negative sign. 1) used the verte» form: f(s) = ax — A)! + K, where (hk) isthe vertex, So since the vertex is (1,8) the formula is Fix) = atx — Wy? +k ate +1 +8 1 need only finda. Since the point (1, 0) is on the graph (one of be intercepts), ° have (ste +8 =4a+8 ‘So the final formula fr this parabola (in vertex form) is fs) = ~2(e + 1F +8 Equivalently the factored form is fs) = 20 ~ Ilr + 3) land the standard ferm is fla) = ~28 = 4r +6 8 8) The parabola opens upwat 1b) The verter is (1,3). 1) The axis of symenry is. 4) The domain is (c © R). andthe range is We Ry = 3) «©Since the graphs a parabola nd it opens "upward, the second differences would be constant of postive sign 98, Since inthe following pats the pairs of points are equidistant from the vertex, I need nly find the average the x-oordinates of these pst find the as of symmetry. Nelson Functlont 17 Solutions Manat 18) (2,2), (2,2) te ans of symmenry is +2 2 ° 1b) (9,1), (5, sthe axis of symmetry is a ©) (63). (18, 3): the axis of symmetry is 2 4) (8.7). (P)the axis of symmetry is 72) Here's the completed abe 2p [-1poepiy wt 3) 4)3{o[-s by Heresa wodied ble wih fies and second Alierences include = [fa [is aierences | Sad aitferences =2[ 3] 4-3-1 T=1= = ipa s— a= sys 2) | 3[-o=3=—3[-5~ C3) = 2 Lo [=s—0=—5 * 2st = could have predicted the sigs ofthe second differences would be negative and constant, s this graph isa parabola opening oven 6) Tused the factored form: fla) = ale (x ~5) Where and sare the zeros ofthe parabola, By ‘observing the graph see thatthe eros are x= ~3and.x = 1. Sothe equation becomes fla) = a¢x + 3)(2 ~ 1) and now I need to find 4. For this, notice tht (1,4) the graph (this isthe vere), so 4a(-1 3-1-1) a a=-1 So the final equation i factored form is fe) =~(e + 3)e- 1) Equivalently, tbe venex form is fay (+134 tnd the standard form is Ja) = 82043 AL, h(s) = ~48 + 21, where his the eight ofthe rocket in mets # seconds afer it was Faunce, a) Notice that hy = —ae + 320 4(t—8) so that he zeros ate = O and # = 8, The axis of symmetry is halfvay between these pints, and so1= 4. Now hia) = —404)(4 ~ 8) =o so the vertex is 4, 64), Prom this information, get the graph - 7 80, =a» 32 © SQgrEs saw in par) and from the graph thatthe zeros ae r= 0 and = 8. This means thi the height of the rocket i 0 meues at 0 seconds and 8 seconds after launch, So the rocket sin the air fora total of & seconds. 6) After 3 seconds, the rocket will beat height hQ) = 43) +28) +96 0 metres 4) The maximum beight ofthe rocket 8a the vertex ofthe graph. Ihave already seen in pat thatthe vertex is (4, 64) 0 the rocket reach: ‘es. maximum height of 64m. 12-4 quadratic function with these characteristics sxe =1is the axis of symmetry 4x = 3isthe location ofan cintercept + y= 32s the maximum valve has vertex (1, 2)-and must open downward Since it has a maximum value. 8, using the vertex form of a quadratic, Ihave the equation fla) alr hy +k a(r +17 +32 and T know that a must he ne ative. Taso know that Thave the winterept (3, 9), $0 OF a(3 +1) +32 = 16a + 32 6a = -22 a= -2 So the final equation forthe quadratic (in vertex fem) is fs) = 20s + 1F + Substiuing in x = 0, Thave HO) = 20+ 1F 42 20 40 the vinerept is 0,3 TRfls) = 20 feand B(0) = = (= 1) 2st novice tat fos) = 20 45 = Bee) Chapter 3: Quadratic FunctionsJ factored form. So fx) has zeros x = Oand “x = 2and so has axis of symmetry x = 1. g(a) Jsin vertex form, and so has xis of symmetry = 1. Some similarities ae that both are ‘quadratic, and bot have axis of symmetry = I, Some differences are that f(s) opens up, while g(x) opeas down: (has vertex (1,9(1)) = (1,2), while gy has vertex (12) 14. Tam given that) is quadratic, and the foe lowing incomplete table: = a[=popaqaya Se, 19 First Ditferences_| [=10]=6[=2] ‘Second Differences) | 4] Here is the complaed table, wih the missing wales fr fx fille in = 7 He i] of. Firs Differences I=: Second Ditferenes) [4] 4] 4 [4 a y-intereept of (0, 20) since the halls to just clear the top ofthe tre. Aso, the ‘eintercepts are (~60, 0) and (35,0), ince ‘i's bali 60 m in front ofthe tee (and $0 60 m tothe left ofthe origin), and Jim wants his all to land 35 m behind the tree, orm befor th hole. Using the factored form of 2 quadratic, the Function a(x) = ale = N(x = 8) (x + 60)(x ~ 35) forthe height ofthe bal (in metres) when the bull is x metres aay from the tre (1 = Of Sin’ all between him and the wee, and x > 0 fis bal is between the tee and the hoe). Solve fora Since the sintercep is (0,20), (0 + 60)(0 ~ 35) So te fina formals i factored form is ‘This is because 9 - 19 = ~10,3-9 1-3=-2,3-1=2and9—3=6, 15. The computer profit funetion is modelled by Pa) = = (2-3) +50 Where isthe numberof thousands of dollars in ‘computer sales. This quadratic fonetion is maxi- mized at x ~ 3. dhe ans of symmetry. so Lave ‘maximum profit computer sales of PG)= G3) +50 SO thousand dollars ‘The stereo system aroft function is modelled by Pla) = = (2 ~2)(4~ 7). Teasofsymmay ise = 22,4 = 48 So Thave a maximam profit in stereo system sales of POS) = ~(45 ~2)(45 ~ 7) = 05-25) 625 thowsand dollars So the total maximam profit for combined com- pater and stereo system sales is 50+ 625 = S62Sthousand dollars 556 250 16. The units here ae metres, The tee isa the ‘origin, and is 20/mbigh, so this means there is 1 = Kl + ooy0« - 35), Rewrite this in standard form, ney = 1 his) = =Ggte + 60y(x ~ 35) 1 (e425 = =U + 251 = 2100) 2s, 2100 (203) 25) _ 0s (3) So te vere frm Pe3.2 Determining Maximum and Minimum Values of a Quadratic Function, pp. 153-154 ea) y = —2 + Tx:as negative, this parabola wil open down, nd will have a by fla) = 3(x ~ 1) ais postive, this parabola wil ofen up nd wil have no ©)fls) = Als + 2) ~ 3) negative, so this parabola wil open down, and will have gle) =A + 34 Sais poste, so this parabola wil open up and wil have no zal 7 The vertex is (~5,~2), s0 since the parabola ‘pens up, the minim value is 2, »—r eek ‘The vere is G8). since the parabola opens own, te maximum value is 8 3a) y= —4(e + 17 + 6: this quadratic is in vertex form, and so ts vertex (~1, 6) So Since ais ncpative, the parabola opens down, and will have maximum value 6. Dy f(a) = (& ~ 5) his quadratic is in vertex form, and so has verex (5,0), So since ais positive, the parabola opens up, and wil have @ ‘minimum valve of 0 ovis) factored form, and has zeros x So the axis of symmenry is —2e(x ~ 4) this quadratic iin and = 4 =2 ‘Since a is negative. the parabola will open down, and Iwill have a maximum value. To find ‘his maximum, I subsite the axis of symmetry, and get $2) 20,2 -4) (aM ~2) fora maximum value 4) g(s) = 2° ~ 7: this quadratic isn vertex form, and so as verex (0, ~ 7). So since ais Positive, the parabola opens up, and will have a ‘minimum vale of —7. Aa) y= 2 ~ de ~ [here as positive, so this quadratic will havea minimum, To find this ‘minimum, Fst complete the square yer-ar—t Poars4 (e-2F-5 So, now that sin vertex fem, I see that his ‘quadratic has vertex (2, ~5), and so the mini- som value i —5. ‘To see this in another way I factor he fst wo tems of 9 yew deo x(r=4)-1 So my quadratic has the same axis of symamety asthe quadratic in factored form: y=x(r~ 4) ‘Tis new quadkatc has zeros x ands and so has axis of symmetry x = ‘<= 2 Substituting this int the original qua rate, [now know that the minimum vale is yQ)= QF = 4Qy=1 -8-1 aes which agrees with what Ihave already found. bfx) = 2 ~ x + 12: My approach will be ‘he same as in part a). Notice tht ais positive 0 Lam looking fora minimum value. Chapter 3: Quadratic FunctionsCompleting the square, Thave fa) = 8 ~8e +12 Fars 16-16 +12 Ga 4aF-4 So te vertex of tis quadratic is (4, —4), and the minimum value is ~ Factoring the frst two terms, [have So this quadratic tas the same axis of sym- metry as yr 8) ‘This new quadratic has zeros x = Oand x = 8, sovhas ais of symmetry x ~ 4. Substituting this into the orginal quadratic, I get a minimum value of se) s+ 12 32412 =16 Sa jas lke before ©) y = 2 + 12s: notice that ais postive, so ‘Lam looking for a minimum vale, Completing the square, Thave ya 2e + 12 = 2 + 6x) 208 + 6r +9) — 18 = 2 +3) 18 So the vertex of ths quadratic is (3, ~18), ‘and the minimum value is ~ 18. Factoring the frstwo terms, Ihave ye de + 1 = dex +) So ths quadratic as zeros x = O and x so ha ais of symmiety x = ~3, Substituting this imo the quadratic, I get a minimum value of (3) = 20-3) + 12-3) = 18-36 =18 just like before ‘dy = ~3¥ — 12r + 15:notice that ais nega: tive, so am looking for a maximum value ‘Completing the square, Thave yea De +15 232 64 415 “HP + arta) + 12415 = 34 2) 427 So the vertex ofthis quadratic is (~2,27), and the maximum vale is 27 Factoring the first two terms, Lave “et 12s +15 = he +4) +15 So this quadratic has the same axis of symme= “a(x +4) ‘This new quadratic has zeros x = and = 4, so has ans of symmetry x Substituting this into the original quadrati, T get a maximum value of ¥(-2) = =H -2F = 12(-2) #15 Sant 2asis =7 just lke before ©) y= x(x ~ 2) + Sinotice that is positive, ‘0 Tam looking fora minimum vale First of all his quadratic has the same axis of symmeuy as y= x(x 2) ‘This new quadratic has zeos.x = O and x = 2, so as axis of symmetry x= 1. Substituting this mothe original quadratic, I get the minimum value ya) saya -2) +5 =2 ‘To do this in another way, I put the quartic into standard form. ax(e=2) +5 =e 6 +5 Completing the square with this standard form, Tet Be 6r +5 Boe = 20) +5 BoP 2e+1)- 345 3-1 +2) So the vertex ofthis quadratic is (1,2), and the ‘minimum vali is 2. which arees with what have already found, 1) g(x) = ~2(2 + 1)! ~ $ notice that ais nep- ative, so am looking fora maximum value. ‘This quadratic is already in vertex form, s0 it thas vertex (1, ~5) and a maximum value of -5. ‘On the other hand I can put this quadratic in standard form, and fctr the frst 10 tems g(x) = 200+ 1 = 208 +21) = 28 te 2- W2e = 4-7 =2e(r +2) =7 onSo this quadratic has the samme axis of sym metry as y= dex +2) ‘This new quadratic bas zeros + x = ~2, 0 has axisof symmetry x = ~1 Subsituing this inte the original quadratic Teta maximum vae of and BOI 21+ <5 jus Tike before 8.0) ) p(x) = ~x + S:here and below, the revenue funetion R(x). Thea Ihave R(x) = demand * (number sold) = pay xx (GS-08 = x= 5) i) This quadratic isin factored form, and has zeros x= Sand x = (Sox = 2.5is the axis ‘of symmetry. Also, eis negative, so the revenue function has a maximum value of ea R(x) = x(12 ~ 4r) fw maa(e = 3 i) This quadratic im factored form, and has zeros x= 3andx = 0.50% = 1.38 the axis fof symmetry Also, « is negative, so the revenue funetion "a maxitoum value of 4(1.8)05 ~ 3) uals R(x) = x(15 ~ 064) ~osx(x ~ 25) 1) This quadratic isin factored form, and has zeros.x = 2S and x= 0.504 ~ 125 isthe ais ‘of symmety, Also, ais negative, s0 the revenue function has maximum value of RUS) = ~0.6(125)(125 = 25) ons 393750 1.2 + 4.8 the revenue function #90 equals R(x) = x(48~ 12) ~ 12048) sn {WyThis quadratic sin factored form, nd has and x = 0. Sox = 2is the axis of =. the revenue function has a masitmum value of RQ) = =120)02 ~4) 8 = $1800 6.a) flx) = 22 ~ 65x + 3.2 notice that ais positive, so want find 2 minimum value. By graphing this ona calulator, then using the ‘minimum operation, find the minimum value Js about ~208 and oceurs tx = 1.625 bya) = =36r + 48 notice that ais nega tive, so I want to find a maximum value. By sraphing this ona ealeulator, then using the ‘maximum operation, I find the maximum ‘ale is 1.6 and occurs at around x Tea) Rx) = —2 + 244, C8 ‘ere ad below; cll the profit ancionP) Then have PG) = RU) Co) =P + Dh) ~ (2x +28) oF 4 m8 =n - 12) 28 A Notice that is negative, so seek a maxi um vale, This quai paral factored form, and since the zeros of ~ x(x ~ 12) are = Oand x= 12, the profit function has axis Of symmetry x = 6 So the manimun pri occurs atx = 6, BD RC) = —2e + 32x,C(a) = 104 +45 {he profit function ual Ps) = RG) = Ca) (2e +3) ae + ter ~ 48 ae(e — 9) ~ 45 I Notice that is negative, 50 Teck a mas ‘mum vale. This quadratic in paral factored form, and snc the zeros of ~2x(% — 9) are +t = Gand = 9, the profit function has xis of symmeny x = 45 So the maxinm profit secur atx = 45. ©} R(x) =~ + 264, Cla) = Be + 1B the Profit unction equals Pox) = Ra) CO) =e #26) ~ (e+ 18) Se + ler 18 Buta 6) 18 (14 + 45) ‘Chapter 3: Quadratic Functionsfi) Notice that ais epativ, so seek a mani- ‘num value. This quadratic is in paral factored form, and since the zeros of ~3x(x ~ 6) are = O and x = 6th profit function has axis of symmetry x = 3 So the maximum profit occurs atrs3 0) R(x) = ~2e + 254, Cla) = B+ TT the roi fonction equals Pia) = RG) = Cin) ~2¢ + 31) ~ (Gx + 17) S92 + 20-17 =2x(e =) =17 1 Notice that as negative, so seek a maxi ‘mum value. Tis quadratic is in partial factored form, and since the zeros of ~2s(x ~ 11) are = Oand.x = 11.the profit funtion has axis of symmetry x ~ 85. So the maximum profi ocars atx = $5, Bin) = ~58 + 20 50 4) Put the height funtion in partial factored form, Wi) = ~S + 201+ $0 = =5(0— 4) +50 Since ~Si(r~ 4) has zeros ¢ = Oand ¢ = 4, the height function has axis of symmetry = 2 ‘Substituting this ino the height funtion, 1 get ‘4 maximum height of hQ) = =5Q2)Q 4) + 50 "metres ')Lsaw in par a) thatthe maximum height is reached alice 1 = 2seeonds, (©) To get the height of the rooftop 1 substtte seconds, the me the ball was thrown, So the rooftop fas height ‘n(0} = ~5(0}' + 20(0) + 50 9. C(x) = O28" ~ 07¥ + 1: Putthe cost function in partial factored form, (a) = 02Re = Ie + 1 O28e(x = 25) +1 Since 0.284(x ~ 25) has zeros x = O and 2.5. de cost function bas axis of symmetry X= 125. So the mnimum production costs (1.28) = 0.28(1.28)(1.25 ~ 25) +1 ~ass75 +1 = 0.3625 562 50 "Neteon Functions 1 Solutions Mana 10. Notice thatthe partial factored form ofthis function is SV — Gr + $= 3x(x 2) +5 So since 3x ~ 2) has eros.x = Oand x ry quadratic has axis of symmetry x = 1. So its minimum vale is atx = 1, and this mini ‘mam ale is| 3a) = 6(1) +5 3-645 2 So, in panicula, this quadratic never has & ‘valu less than I infact, iis never Tess than 2). 11, P(x) = ~Se + 400 ~ 2550 a) The profit funtion has part factored form Plx) = Se + 40M ~ 2550 = ~Sx(x — 80) ~ 2550 So since ~Sr(x ~ 80) has zeros x = Oand “x = 8D, the ans of symmety of the profit fune- tion is = 40, So the maximum profs P(ad) = ~S(40)(40 = 80) = 2550 ‘3000 ~ 2550 5450 $5450 000, 1) saw in part a) that the maximum profit ‘occurs at t= 40, of when I spend $40 000 on advertising ©) Enced to know when profit equals $4000 000, or when P(x) = 4000, So I solve this equation 100 se = 4onr + 680 oan 0 Using he qudra formul,1gt mb = VF foe rr 0 = Vea aT, 2 _w Vie 2 = 229m or s7.09 So need o spend at les $22 971 usar ft teat $400 00 in prof However sf open tore han S57 029, wl opto sac inp nce agi = 52 + 400 — 2550 a12. Here is picture ofthe trac, with the rectangular infield autined inside q Call the height of te inside rectangle hand the ‘wid ofthis ectanglew: Then the distance round the wack is given by the fora 2w + distance around two ouside half circles ‘But the two half cies onthe ouside together form a circle of diameter h, and this circle has circumference pl. So the formula forthe dis- tance around the tack simplifies to: aw + ah “The wack coach wants this distance tobe 500 metres, so Dw + xh = 500 500 ~ 2 = baw =289 iss ga cin eile mati tethers} wis tee uecminet ote on Mec dain eape Somat aan 08S ccoacgiage tani ae A So if the high schoo! makes the track have inte rior rectangle with mensions coaches wil have ther demands met. BB. f(x) = 30 Te? ‘One possible response: the function isn stan- ard foem, soto finde minimum, I most find ‘he vertex. Completing the square would result infractions that are more dificult calculate ‘han whole numbers, Since this function does factor as (x ~ 2)(3x ~ 1), puting the anetion a4 in factored form and averaging the 26108 to Find the x-coordinate ofthe vertex would be poss ble; however, there would stil be factions to ‘work with. Using the graphing ealeulator to rap the funtion, thea using CALC to find the ‘minimum, would be the easiest method for this fonction. Alternatively putting the Function in partial factored form ree So(—2) + atom esse 22 ost peters ot the verte, 1d, h(t) = ~49° + va + fy: Lean pu the ‘eight fonction in paral factored form: Wg) = 498 Fy 491-28) +e Tne =49(/ = = Oa += 13. the beight function has axis of + symmetry 1 ~ 7. So the maximum value of the eight function wil occur after r= seconds 18, Let xbe the number of $1 increases inthe pce ofthe ticket, Then the nu er of students that will attend dhe dance after « $1 increases i 300 ~ 30 “The new price ofthe ticket after x SU increases is Bex So the total evenue after $1 increases in rice is Ra) (price of ticket) % (# ofstudents attending) (8 + 2)(300 ~ 302) = =30(r = 10)(¢ +8) ‘This quadratic funtion isin factored form, and ithas zeros x = 10 and = ~8. Averaging these two, get an ans of symmetry for the OES ors = 1.Soin z revenue funetion of = order to maximize revenue, the ticket price should be increased by S110 a price of 9 per ticket. ‘chapter 3: Quadratic Functions3.3 The Inverse of a Quadratic Function, pp. 160-162, 1.) Here sthe dt, and resting graphs of the frction and inven 10,0).(1.3.2.2..27) AM 30 2. Tean grap the inverse by reflecting the ‘orginal graph i tk line y ~ x » « am \s =f Nelson Functions 1 lutions Manual 3.1) = 22 and solve for 720-1) 2g 178 paint o- eS sotse pia 12/2 oF) @) fa +7) 5.5) fs) 30g = 2) 2 iw eh the graph of y = 4° by a factor of 3, siti Fight by 2 units, then down by 2 unis. asTo get he graph of he inverse, » = 4), Tree the graph of» = fe) i he lve y = 6.a)-b) g(x) = —Ve,x = 0: the graph of this Js the lower half ofthe parabola y =" afer it has been reflected i he line y = x. So the raph of» = g-"(s jus the left half ofthe parabola y = 7 ri Tita we ©) The domain of g() is (& © Rx = 0), and the range of gx) is (© Rly = 0) So the domain of fg (2) sx © Ric 0}, andthe range of sis hy © Ry =O} @) Set.x = —VJ, and solve for »: So get that ea) =x <0 Tle) = ~(e4+ DF x= tse = (y+ 17 ~ 3,and sobe for x xe-Ot Weipa ytlesVorod yectsV=r=3 Sol pet rie) ms) 316 ‘The function 2) has maximum value athe vertex, (=I, =3), and ally-sales below ~3 are achieved by this fonction for = —1. So domain fx) range f) domain f) } (ee Ris 3) range F"4) =-1} This means that in my case T realy have PG) = -14 View Bre -3 since ~1 = V=x=3 = ~1 forall allowable 2 and these values ae not part of my range for FG). inaly the graph of» = fx) is the graph ofthe parabola y = flipped, shifted let by 1 unit and down by 3 units. Since x = ~1 in this ease, only grap the ight half ofthis parabola, For the graph ofthe inverse, I just reflec nthe line y= FO, SEN? Nel 8/0) =H 97 +3. Stat notice tha fs) has vertex (5,3), so has ini- mum value 3 atx = 5. So the graph off) for 25 willbe the left half of the parabola en shifted 1 = Femmes sera ony Si any Yan So te ee eps l hy a atin d fet Reh 2 epee le can sens nee fecy iz wl tear gop erty Sn ty) “ond tis equation, setx = Hy —5)°+ 3 and solve for ees xe]y-s'43 toe. x-3ehy-5 2-3) =P yoS= Vie), s2Vie-3 ‘chapter 3: Quadratic FunctionsSol get f(x) = S*V20— 3). = 3 ‘Since the domino fi) is (x © Re = 5), the range of -"s) is) « Rly = 5}-S0L sera ave 1) = § — Ve = Bh 2 -3sinoe 5 + Vie~ 3) = 5 for al allow ables and these vals ae not pat of my range for f"(). Substituting this equation for 4s) into he calelator for x= 3,T gethe ‘ei 9.42) = 38 6 ~2 3) sn the range of fx) on this restricted domain iy © RI-3=y = 24). ') [sa in part a) tat x) has a minimum of —3 atx = Tand that 3) = 9. Soi esict the domain off) 0 (ve RN = x <3). the ringe ‘off on this ested domain is {v= Ri-3 = y <9}, Sothe domain of f(x) willbe fe © Rl=3- 7 2 yt al 1 (1, ~ 3) appears tobe the venex s) fa) = als = 1 =3 ‘Another point on the graph appears to be (0, ~2)- Substitute this nto the Function and solve fora 1-3 fi) First, find the inverse of the Function. Then rap the function. To ind the inverse, ner= ‘change x andy in the equation ofthe Function and solve for = 1F-3 x43 x43 +Ver3 lsVera~y 1tVE +3 =f) Graph the inverse ona graphing calculator 7 — a a Ii) For the inverse to bea function, i needs to pas the vertical line est So, y needs 10 be restricted to greater than Yor Fess than 1 “More specifically, the domain of fx) would = eR|r=1) OR = fee R)x=1) Under one of these two conditions, the inverse of fix) would be a function. Jv) In parti), the equation ofthe inverse was found tobe 2 Vet 3 =F) 1 a) 7 1) The Function appears bea quadratic fune- tion with a restriction. I there was no restic- tion, the vertex would beat (~3.~ 2). ‘Chapter 3: Quadratic Functionsfla) = ale = We tk Hla) = ae ~ (~3)9 ~ fla) = aie +37 =2 ‘Another point on te graph appears to be (~4,~ 1). Substiut this into the funtion and solve for Va = 4439 1-1 qt att)~2 eae: ne fla) = (e+ 38-2 ‘My graph is this function restricted to the left of x3, Hay = (437-25 -3 fi Fist, find the imerse ofthe fontion. The, raph the function. To find the inverse, nter- ‘change randy in e equation ofthe function tnd solve for r422Q43" Gar yea = Vie? =P) <3 = Viv 3 = Fa) isthe only inverse because of tc restiction anf) that x = and so y = ~ 3 forf"*(2). Graph ihe inverse on graphing calculator. is as wt as as Ii) The restition an the domain of (8) 8 re-3 fv) In pati), the equation ofthe inverse was found tobe 32Vea2 ora Nuon Functions 18 Salutions Manus ® 1) The easiest way find the equation ofthis function sto compare this graph with a similar raph, Look at he graph of part i, The top half of the graph looks very similar to this rsp The equation ofthe graph in part a) i) is 42Vi-== Fy ‘The graph reflects Vx with a shift up 4 units sand to the right ¥ unit So, ths graph should eect \V wit a shift up 3 units and to the righ 2 unt, 32V2-e=y ‘Also, this graph should only be the tp bal of {his equation, So, the raph ofthe function is fx) =3+V2-= {Graph this Function oma graphing caleulator to check, 4) First find the inverse ofthe function. Then, raph the fonction. To find the inverse, iter {change x and y inthe equation ofthe funeion land sole for ya34Vioe ka3tVa7y r-3eVi-y (e3F=2 24@-3P= -y 2-G-3P=y (aR +2=y == 38 42=7Q) However, the range of fi) is =lyeRiy=3}, So, the domain of f(x) is mise Rix =3} So, the equation of (x) is = (en 3 e2ee3 aGraph the inverse on graphing caeulaor 2 a wee rst 2 oy “The graph of 2) in par a) relets this graph 1) The range off 8 =WeRiy=3} Jy) In pari, te equation of the inverse was found to be (e~ 3) 425823, 14. The orginal funtion mast be restricted so that only one brane of the quadratic fanetin is admissible. For example, if fle) = + had its domain restricted tox = 0, the inverse off) ‘would be a function. 15. Possible response: Switch x andy and solve the resulting quadratic equation for», either by completing the square or by using the quadratic formula, 'b) No, Because the crignal function assigns some }values to two values, 0 the inverse assigns two y-valuesto some a-alues, 16.mn(z) = 14700 ~ 30408 8) For every hilogram of beet she sells, she rakes a total of x ~ 3.21 dollars of profit. So the profit fonction fer one week is P(x) = (profit per kg) % (# kg of beet sold) =~ 321) » mx) (x ~ 3.21)(14700 ~ 340%) by The zeros ofthe profit function are x = 3.21 14700 and x = HOP so te axis of symmetry for san $3 sie ett = 08 ‘iu ro en em ry =a = 28 Ted a Foe +k ‘To make things easier, write the vertex form as P(x) = ~3040(x ~ fh) + k eventhough | know the expressions for and k. Then setting = 30H — know solve for “This function will ake a8 a input the total profit | want to have per week, and output what sed t charge po Kilogram to obtain this amount of profit €) From what I observed in part b), I should charge P™"(1900) dollars pe kilogram to eam $1900 in profit So 1 aced to charse [2008.2 — 1900 ie 838% oF $421 per kilogram ‘Thats, if the meat manager charges ether 'S3.83 or $4.21 per kilogram, she wil earn ‘51900 in profit forthe week 4) found the vertex forte profit function in arb, (hk). Sok = $2008.18 isthe maximum profit, and this occurs when she charges J = S402 per kilogram of mest (900) 4.02 «= ‘Chapter 3: Quadratic Functions©) The axis of symmetry from par b) would change to 700 241240 ‘0.800 “397 So the xcoordinate for the vetex changes to roughly 3.97, and wo the meat manager should charge $3 97/Ke is she wishes to maximize Profit OF cours. tne new profit function is Pix) = (x ~ 3.40)18 700 ~ 30408) So, substiting the axis of symmetry the ‘maximum profit wil be 239) «ca 310) x ae 3005) Mera 4— ay a) Notice that rods ayty? w-3F So, solving fo y pareve Soli ix) = (a ~ 2, then the given elation is ‘describing the inverse function, and I just found ‘at fle) =2=VE 49) 8 just the parabola y = x shifted right by 2 units, so Team elect tis through the line ‘y= to ara my relation ‘by The domain of ji) = {5 = 2)? 55 fx «Re so the range of the given eelaton, which is the Same asthe domain of f(x is{» = R). The range of sis {y € R19 = 0) s0the domain ofthe given relation i {2 © R= 0} Nelson Functions 1 Solutions Manual £91 found the inverse ofthe given relation in part a) tobe y = (4 ~ 2V. 1) Yes, the inverse ofthe given relation ‘eserbes the parabola y = x shifted right by 2 units, and so is Fumetion (hati, passes the vertical line te. 3.4 Operations with Radicals, pp. 167-168 Lay Vi = V9 x V3 VI 0) Vi8 = VB x VE we a) V2 = V6 x V2 v2 am V3x Vi = VE by Vii x Ve = V6 0)2Vi x 3V3 = 0x5) EXD ove (4x8) xx VB) = 329 aayavinavi~ says V5 wovF- 47-0 -avF ae 9) 3V3 + 8V2 - 4V3 410 GB =4yV3 + (8 + V2 =-Vi+ wy? @Va~Vi8 = Vix V3-VoxV3 2v3-3Vi =Q2-3V2 Vi 3x V4xV3 3x2KV3 va asx VBxV5 HS KSKVS -asv5 @)-4V3xaVB Pet}9 10VH = 10x Vax VO wx1x Vio 2ovi6 s.a) Vite - V3) = Va x2 — Vix V3 v3 - Vis w2Vievi «av XV2x VI +2 x V2 KIX VE = 24 + 2x3) (3x VI) = 2Vid + 6 ©) (V3 = (4V21 x (4V2) = (4x4) x (V2 x V9) 26x Va 6x2 =2 @ (-2v3 -2Va) x (-2V x (-2VD, (2) (2) * (22) x (Vix V3 xV3) AVI x V6 = (4x 3) x ve) = 2x (V3 x Vax V2) 12x (VoxVB, 2x3 x V3 = V2 38 1) IVI x SVE = (-1 5) x (VEX VB) 5 x V6 “Bx4 140 6.) Vi - Vib = Vax V3- Vie x V3 = wi -4vi 2vi by Vid + Vis - VI7+ VD VEXV3 + VOx V2 -VOx VE + VB x Va 4 3V3-3V3+ VI = V5 + 8V2 03V98 - SVR VB xV3~ 5x VIX VE fA-sx6xvi a) ~4V200 + SV2A 4x Vii x V2 +5 x VIE x V3 4x wx Vie5x1xV2 40v2 + 58V2 sV2, 9) SVB + VE VTS = Sx Vox VE 4 VE x VB +3 xVBx V5 xaxVE42x Vi 4 axsx vi 1sV5 + 2Vi3 + 15V5- WE " VB svi + IVa VE Tx Vax V9-3 x Vax VT x VIG VE 42 VO VF “es TxIxV3-3K2KVi +E x4 xVae2x3KV7 uv 694 2V342V7 13-47 ‘Chapter 3: Quadratic Functions2.ay (6 V3(3+ 2V70) =6x346x2x V0 w3V5~ Vi x2 Vib 18+ 12Vi0 -3V5 -2V50 18+ V0 35 2x VIVE = 18+ 12V10 -3V5-2x 5x V3 = 18+ 120 ~ 3V5— 10V2 b+ 3V3) = 2 +3V3)0 +39) = 2x242x 3+ 2%3V3 +3V3x3V3 = 44 6V5 + ov + 9V5 de RVis9x3 ane ni 00+ VIV3- VB = Vix V+ VIX VE- VE xV5-V5xV5 aes 3 GV5 + viv5 -2V3) = BVI x V3 BVI xV3 =1V3 x 3V3 - V3 x2V3 =9 + 4V6—6V8 - 16 = 7-16 8 eV5 35" = av - svijav5 - 33) = 2V5 x 2V5 ~3V9 x 2V5 =3V9 x2V5 + V7 x 3VF 20-635 6B + 6 -8- nV Ha —Vae + vans + v3) (x21 %V6-Vix2 = Vix V6 + V3) (2+ V6 -2V3- Vi8s + V3) (2+ V6 -2V3 - Va x Vay + V2) = (24+ Ve—2Vi -aVa5+ VB) 2x5+V6x5~2V3x5 =3V3x 542% V34V6x VE 2Va x Vi 33x V2 = 10+ sV6— 103 ~ 15V3 42V+ VB 26-6 Nelion Functions 11 Solutions Manual 443V6-13V2- V3 + Vax Va 44 3V6~ 13V2 - 10V3 + 2V3 44 3V6 - 13V3 -8V3 8, The diagonal and two sides of the square form aright triangle, and the lees ofthis right Aeiangle have length & em, Call the length ofthe diagonal d. Then by the Pythagorean theorem ones +2 a=VB Vig «Vi 4V2em_ 9. Gale qu’ sd ngs The since Shs square sea 450 cman the ae ofthe Square is given by #1 pttbe equation ots Vis V3 18V2om_ 10.4 seo length 3 cm anda ideo length Sicin togetner wth he gon of the ect tte fom aright tangle (ike in poem 8) Lat the length ofthe diagonal be Tenby the Pyihagerean thorn aoeTe =90 a= V0 =Voxvi0 3Videm 11. foe right rangle using the points A(=21),B})- and C(—2.1), Then the Hine ‘epment from A to Bis the hypotenuse ofthis right triangle. Let AB be the length ofthis hypotenuse and similarly for the other two legs ofthe right rangle. Then by the Pythagorean theorem (AB) = (BC) + (ACP 33saaeVE | =Vi6x V3 V2 unit 2 mM Ng ne Toe posimeteris Vi +3Ve+ VB = 2V34 3x Vax VIVE x V5 $2V3 32x VE AX VE =2Vi+ 63 +45 Va + 45 units The aes 3x 3V8x2Vi-3 x Vib ax unis? 13, Notice that Vet Vie =ath On the other hand, (Va + Voy = Vex Va 42x Vax Vo + Vb x vb =atb+2~Vab So T see that (Va +V/b)? is larger, since it includes the extra pestive term 2V/ab. 14. Lave Vim = Vi00 x V2 10Vv3 Vii = VB x VE 38 Vii = Va x V5 =2V%0 So ome possible response is 2V50, SV&, 10°V2; the last one is in simplest radical form because the number under the radical sign eannot be simplified. 18.) Vai = Vat x Va =aVa VER = VE x VP (BxVaxy 326 =#xVexy! rye 9SVaT ~ 2nVi8 x Vi x Vin = an x Vi x Vi SPX Vin — 20 08 x Vi = 5a Vn =v (Vp + 2V4)V4 ~ VP) = Vp x Va+2VaxVe Vp x Vp-2V4 xP = Vig + 2a= p ~2V 9 2 -p-Veq 16. VV V0 = VV -VE ve va =VEx =i 11, (V3 = 256 (VBI) = 256 (vay, = 65536 2a 5536 r= 16 \Mid-Chapter Review, p. 1’ 9 1a) = [at aiferences E2|-8 2 (-8)=6 —T]=2 C= oy 0 ~0==3| Tp=2s=a= 2-8 = = Since the second diferences are constant and neg ative (60 nonzero) the fncton is quadratic. [3 [ist differences [2nd diferences Zpop 1 3-t=2 Erp aa S352, ofa 9 y=s=3 to is= 957 * 26 = = ‘Chapter 3: Quadratic FunctionsSince the second citferences are constant and postive (So non- 20), the Tanetion is quadrat 2.a) flx) = ~3(4~ 2) + Sethe graph ofthis ‘quadratic willbe te parabola y = < Ripped, Stretched bya factor of 3, shifted right by 2 units and then up by 5 uit 7 a) terar) Db) f(a) = 262 + 4)(x ~ 6): the graph ofthis ‘quadratic will be a parabola opening up with eros x= 6 and x = ~4, To sketeh the graph Precisely only aed one oder point, for instance (0,0) = (0,48). With dis infor- mation, I can now sketch the graph, Fle)=2e 4) e~ 6) 7 ze / 3.4) fix) = ~3(— 2) + 5: this quadatc is in vertex form, so has vertex (2,5) and axis of symmetry x = 2. Since a is negative, the parabola opens down, and 5 isa maximum ‘ale. So the domain of (x) i fv © R) and the range is {¥ € Rly = 5). by fla) = 264 + N(x ~ 6) since the zeros ate sx Gand x = ~4,the axis of symmetry is 4 1 So the vertex is (1,f(1)) = (1,2(5)(=5)),0r (1, =50). Since a positive, the parabola opens up. and so ~50 is a minimum for this ‘quadratic. So the domain of fx) is {x = R} and the range is (y € Rly = —50) Nelson Functions 1 lutions Mana 4.4) flx) = -3(x- 2) +5 $3 ES sy t5 = -3e + 12-7 bye) =2 + He =9) = 2e 28-24) De ~ ax 48 Sa) f(x) = — 6x + 2 the pana factored form ofthis quadratic is fla) == 6 +2 x(r-6) +2 Since the zeros of x(x ~ 6) are x 2 = 6 Fknow that fl) has axis of ‘Symmetry + = 3, So the verte is (3./(3)) = G,3(-3) +2), or (3.7). Since ais postive for this quadratic, tis means that ~7 is the sinimum value for fs). Dy f(x) = 2(x — 4)(x + 6) ince the zeros of this quadratic ae x= 4 und x= ~6,T know and that fis) has axis of symmetry x z 1. $0 the venex is (1,1) (-1,2(-5)(5)).0F (= 1, ~ 50). Since ais pos: itive Tor this quadratic, ths means that ~50is the minimum value for A). ‘of(s) = ~2e + 10r the factored form of this quadratic is fla) = ~2e + 10 2x = 5) Since the zeros are v = Oand = that fx) has axis of symmetry x vertex is (25, f(25)) = (25, =2(25)(=25)), ‘0 (23, 12.5), Since ais neptive fr this quad rate, this means that 12.55 the maximum valve for. 4) fx) = 328° + 15x ~ The paral factored orm ofthis quadrats fs) = 320+ 1c =7 = 32a(e + 46875) ~7 Since the zeros of 324(x + 46895) are x= 0 4.6875, T know that 2) has axis of 4875 and = symmetry x= orx = ~243 75.80 2 the vertex is (~2.343 75, (2.343 75)), and f-2MBIS) = 32(—2349 75)(2343 75) —7 24578 125 So the vertex is (~234875, ~24578 128), Since a is positive for his quadratic, this means that ~24.$78 125 isthe minimum value for f(s a6. P(x) = =e + 16x — 7 the partial factored form fr this quae is Pla) = =e +16: = 7 ware - 4) —7 So since ~dr(x ~ 4) has zeros x = 4, Pa) has axisof symmetry x So te vertex of Pon is (2. P2)) @,=42)("2) ~ 7), oF (2,9). Since as ne: ative fr this quadratic, this means thatthe max- imum value ofthe profit function is 9, oF 9000, and that Tolan this profit atx = 2, or when I sell 2000 items, 7.Clx) = 03x ~ 12e + 2: he pata factored orm for this quadratic is C(x) =030 = 120+ 2 = Oax(s— 4) +2 So since the zeros of.3¢( ~ 4) ax = Oand 1x 4sthe axis of symmetry for Cle) is x = 2 So, sitce a's posite for this quadratic, his means that the minimum value for Ct) occurs Wen = 2, thatthe most economical rede: tion levels when I predice 2000 tems per hou 8, Call the two numbers x andy. Then T know that and 16 yale ‘The product ofthese two mumbers is given by Peasy Substituting for Tee Pix) = x(06~ *) = =x 16) ‘This quadratic isin factored form, and has ‘eros x = O and x = 16,0 P(x has axis of symmetry x = 8, nd so has vertex (8.P(S)) = (8,8(81), oF (8,64). Since a is negative for this qualratic, dis means that (x) has maximum value 64 when x = 8. That Js, the largest possible product for these two numbers 6, when = Sand y = 8 Bfx)=e~ e43 4) First put this quaitic in vertex form by ‘competing the squae. fl)= 2 4r43 wat hnaes @-H1 Now set= (y~ 2 1,and solve for x= (y-2P1 rH1=G-25 328 Sol get f'Q) -2*VEFd 1) The vertex form of Rs) fla) = (= 29-1 So fx) has vertex (2, ~1). Since ais postive for this quadratic, dis means that) as ‘minimum value ~1- 0 (0) has domain {ore R) and range (y € Rly = ~1). This ‘means that (3) has domain fee Rix = I) andrange {y R) €) The graph of fa) isthe parabola y = = shitod Fight by 2 units and down by 1 unit figh8—4e03 ‘The graph of (x) is obtained from the graph of Ax) by reflecting across the ine y = x : 3 x 10, Set R = ~28(x ~ 10)8 + 15,and solve 28(x — 10) + 15 2ate — 10)? “This isan expression giving the number sold in terms of revenue. For instance, i the revenue i ‘= 5 toousand dollars, then the number of items sold either fia x-0- = 811 dowand tems +2 ae N28 © 11.89 thousand items (Chapter 3: Quadratic Functions11 Ua he ong anton Beige sobs es ofr evan soe ine asi uy les some es, milo fal be ve He tnd eee vote lcm Tafa) 2 2 V7 3 gph is ton, ose hy gate ach of thu toofunciony Ws lt by Sate 4) The domain of fx) (x © Rlr = ~3), since the number under the square reat must not be negative. The range off) i all negative ume ‘pers and 2eo, or {9 @ RY = 0} Vip +3, and solve fory Sox) 5 Dsince the range for fis) was (y 6 Ry = 0} 13. a) V48 = Vie x V3 vi VB = Vix VR vi 9 Vis0 = V6 » V3 =6v5 4) -3V75 = -3« VBXV5 W3KSKVE -1v3 ©) SVB = 5 x VB x VE sx7KV2 35V3 1 -8Vi0 = -8x Vax V8 = 8x 2x VE = 163 14a) V7 x Vid = 98 Neluon Functions 11 lutions Manu (3x2) (V3 VB) = 6x VB = 6x V3 x VE 6xSKVE = 303 9 VB +2V8- svi Va x V5 + 2x VI6x V3 =sxVOxV5 = 252K 4x VE-Sx3xVE = 2V3 + V5 -15V3 = 5 4) 3V28 - 2V50 + VG - 3VI8 23x Vix Vi-2x VBXVE WO x VE-3x VO x VI 3x2xVI-2x5xV2 43x V7 -3x 3x VE = 6V5~ wv + 3V7 - VE = 95 - 19V3 4 VIS + = 4x54 4x2V. b)aV5 x 2Vi5 -V3xKVa 20+ 8V3-sV3-6 = 144 3V5 1 GV + 2Vi\(-2V5 + 5V-3), = -2V5 x 3V5 - 23 x 2V'0 3.5 Quadratic Function Models: Solving Quadratic Equations, pp. 177-178 1. The routs ofthe equation ae the values. of "at satiny the equation. a) e+ Sr taao (Haat r4d=dorr+1=0 hor “Therefore, the roots ofthe equation are “aor Ur + i 9x2) ors 2 k= 9orr= ‘Therefore, the rots ofthe equation are x= 90rd a9‘Therefore, the roots ofthe equation are eee aceag @ We ~T-4=0 Gr DG-§ Det 1 =Oorx— De = Torr =4 ‘Therefore, the root ofthe equation are soba 2. Te quai rms term ofthe vale or, bs the constant term fof the value for, ard isthe remaining aye 4r—9=0 Using the quadratic formula with a= Lb= a! ande = ~9: pe EVER DEH 2a) 42 Vis~ 35) 42VB ere 521 x=S61 oF bac +2r—8=0 Using the quadrati formula with a= 3.b=2ande = 8 Q)=VE=OCH 2a) a0 #133 0rx =~ 0-20 +3r-6=0 Using the quadratic formula with ‘Because the radical bas negative number and hhence a nonreal (imaginary) number, there are no real rots 4) 052 ~ 22¢~47=0 Using the quadratic formula with a= 05,b= 22, ande= 47) xa222 Viamd 22237 24377 or x =22 = 597 ore = 157 Ba) an Use the zero function onthe caulator to Find tate = Tore = 025, Chapter 3: Quadratic Functions>» VU Use the zero fineton on the calelator wo Bind that r= Lore = 45, dare dae +e Group all erms om et side and simplify ae = 0 P= Me= 0) “This function facts, so solving by factoring is chosen because is quicker and easier iy toe (= 10)=0 Dorx= 10 ‘Therefore, x = 00°10 bide sort 1=0 “The function does not appear tobe factorable. ‘Therefore the quadratic formula isthe chosen method. fi) Using the quadetc formal with an4b one +ar-3 ‘Te function dos so appear ote actor “Therefore he guna formulas the chosen iret. A Using the unde formal with fetbe dunes = y= Veaes 2) Nelson Functions 18 Salutons Manual =42 VOD 2 4227 ae a-22VF 0) (e +3) = 2 ‘Simplify and group all terms onthe left sid, (er 3) (er 3) = 2 Bhat drt 9=—2e Ph 6r+9= 2 P+ar+9=0 “he nto es ot pear tobe ate ‘There th und oul he ben into 3) Vang the quadri formula wit coho aande= 9 8) + V8 = 4019) 2) “8: V@=% 2 -s2 VE z 8: VOD wi 2 x=-42V7 @D3e ~Sr=2e 4 ar +10 Simplify and group all terms on the let side Ben de Se ae 10-0 9x -10=0 “This funtion factors, so solving by factoring is ‘chosen because its quicker and ease. i P-%-10=0 (r= 10) (r+ 1) =0 x 10=0ore +1=0 k= Worx = -1 ‘Therefore, x= 10or —1 D243) = 4) = 6 +6 Simplify and group all tems on the fet side, 2UP~ de Fx 12) =r +6 268 x= 12) 6r +6 2-2 2x24 2 &r~ 3 aThe funtion does mot appear to be fatorable ‘Therefore, the quadatie formula isthe chosen method 1 Using the quadearie formula with xr=22V 5. The intercepts re found by setting the Function, fs), qual 00, a) fa) = b= T=? 0-38 Te? “The function does nc appear tobe easly fac- torabl. Therefore, we the quadratic Formula to 150 = (80) = Ea AE, es 2) moe 2400) Nelson Functions 11 Slutione Msn 143.2456 5 = 179 01x #24 Ifthe strip is 17.9 m long, them the wid ofthe tesa cece = (5 = 28) (a5 = 2079)) (a5 — 358) = 208 ‘This clearly does not make any sense. ‘Therefore x = 21 m, In this ease, the width of the new area is (1s ~ 28) = G5 - 22) is ~ 42) = 108 ‘This son acceptable answer ‘The width of the stp i 2). 13h) = 498 +9249 2) To determine the time at which the ares ht willbe 150 substitute 150 forthe eit) and solve for hd) = 490 + 9+ 9 150 = 498 + 901+ 9 150150 = =A" + 90¢ +9150 0 = ~49" + 01— 181 “Te function des nt appear tobe casi factorable: Therefore, the quadratic Formula is the chosen metod for factong, Us the ‘ada formula with @ == 49, = 92, and mn = (2) + V@P— AO) 2-49) =n = VETS oR =o = Vion 38 ons 7550 a =o + 75.50 or 16399 =m ~ 15501 ry = 167501 98 8 168 oF“The are’s height willbe 150 m at 1,68 seconds and again at 17.09 seconds. n this problem, "wo answers make sense, The frst ime is when the flare is shooting upward and the second time is when te lave is returning to the round 1) The lare’s height willbe above 150 m between 1.68 secones and 17.09 seconds ‘Therefore, the Mae is above 150 m for (17.09 ~ 1.68) = 1.41 seconds. 14. Let rhe the numberof $0.15 increases, The total fae will be (2+ 0.15) and the total numberof people wil be (4000 ~ 40x). If the company needs to tke in $10 450, then the equation is 10450 = (2 + 0.151) 4000 ~ 4x) 10-450 = 8000 ~ Ste +600" — 6x 2450 = —6¢2 + S40 G2 ~ S40e +2450 = 0 Using the quadratic formula with 2 6.) = = S40, and ¢ = 2480: 540) = V— (OF «(6 2D), 216) 540 = Vina — 58800 1m a0 12 540 = 482.494 2 5 452494 2 1022494 | 57506 Fy Xe 8521 ore © 48, ‘The number of $0.18 increases hasta be & Whole number, so ound these numbers £= Sore “The solution of 8S does not work and so is the only answer. Five 80.15 increases is $0.75 The 2 dollar fare plus $0.75 is a $2.7 fare 15. First method: Graph the function on a graphing calculator and use the “zeo' operation tofind the zeros ofthe function. Second method: Use the factoring method Factor a ~2 out of the function and then break the remaining value sto two brackets, Ten, find the values ofthat would give a zero in ‘each bracket, 502 336 “Thind method: Use the quadratic formula with a= -2,b= 1ande = ~24 16. i bem ya Lethe onesie ofthe triangle, y be another side ofthe triangle, and be the hypotenuse of {he wiangle. From the description of the trian- ale, h= 2 + 6.1 also know that he perimeter {5 60 and sox + y +h = 60. Subsite hin the ‘sation and simplify. xt yt Or +6) =o koytoets Bev y e660 Solve for y= ¥-6 ya se- [Now any are in tems of Substitate hand y inthe Pythagorean theorem arto! 1624 + 97 se + De + 12 +36 ox! ~ 324 + 2916 = ae? + 24x + 36 6e — Sse + 2860 = 0 PS + 480=0 (= yt ~ 48) =0 10 = ors — 48 x= lorr= 48 148 is substtted for «inthe equation fr h then h = 2(48) + 6 = 96+ 6 = 102. This is rot posse because the hypotenuse length ‘would be longer than the entire perimeter 1 10 i substitte for «inte equation for h, then h = 2(10) + 6 = 20+ 6 = 26. 1 10 is substitute for inthe equation fry, then y = $4~ 3(10) = S4~ 30 = 24 “The lengths ofthe sides ofthe wiangle are em, 246m, and 26 em, 2 #206 ~ 102s ‘chapter 3: Quadratic Functionstrgeye set To ind the zeros, set the function fx) equal to aro and solve fore onset Of #1) = 3e(r+ 1) = 1G +1) 1 + yer O=3e 43-14 Om 3e +20 O=x(x+2) x=or+2=0 = Oorke= 2 x= 0orx= -2 “The zeros ofthe faction are + 3.6 The Zeros of a Quadratic Function, pp. 185-186 Layfl)=3e-5 Se oso ‘Therefor, the vrei (0.3). Since 0th parabola opens up Since a <0 and vere below the ans thee are 2 zr. bys) ae +7 atx 07 +7 ‘Therefor, he vem (0, Since a> De prabola opens dow Since a > O andthe vertex above he ais there ate 2 zr. of)y= se = Ste 08 +3 ‘Teer the ver 6 (0.3) Since a 0 the paola opens up Since a > Dand te vex above the as thor aro sero, Of) 3043 ‘The verte is (2.0), Since a> the parabola opens up Since the vertex son the way heres re. efx) = 4 + 3-5 The vertex is (3-5) Since a 0 the pala opens don Since © (an the vos elo the aig thee ae no sco Nelson Functions 11 Solutions Manual 1) f(s) = 05x ~ 4) The vertex is (4. ~2). Since a > 0, the parabola opens vp. Since @ > O and the vertex is below the x-axis, there are 2 zeros Dayfla) <2 ~ 6x ~ 16 = (x ~ 8)(0 +2) ‘This funetion has 2 zeros. by fz) = 2 oe = deta = 3) “This function has 2 zeros. Ofte) = 40 = 1 (Qx—@r +1) ‘This funtion has 2 zeros. A) fx) =9e + be 1 = Get G+ 1) “This function has 1 zero, B.ays(a) = 20 ~ 6 ~7 BF = fac = (~6)8 = 4(2)(-7) 536456 = Since the discriminant i greater than zero, there 2 b) fa) 38+ 2 +7 B= dae = 2) = 4)17) 48 =-a0 Since the discriminant is ess than zero, there P+ Be +16 b dae = (8) = 4¢1)(05) = ot 64 0 Since the discriminant i 2ro, there is 1 ze. 4) fx) = 9P ~ ae + 576 B dae = (~144)" = 4(9)(576) 207.36 ~ 207.36 a Since the discriminant i zero, there is 1 ze, 4a f(x) = 32) +4 The verex is 2.4) Since a < Oand the vertex is above the x-axis, there are 2 zeros. Df) = 5-3) +4) ‘This fumetion is already factored, “This function has 2 zeros. ©) f(s) = 48 ~ 2 2x(2r=1) ‘This fanetion has 2 zeros a7@) fix) ae r+ S dae = (1)? 4)(5) «0 =39 Since the discriminant is less than zero, there $5.) Ava break-even point the profit is zero, Hence, P(x) = 0 Pls) = 21x + 9.06" — $4 O= ~21e + 906 = 54 BF = Ae = (805) ~ 4(-2.1)(- 54) 20835 ~ 45.36 6.7236 Since the disriminant is greater than zero, thre are 2 zeros for this fumetion, Therefore, it Js possible forthe cempany to Ineak even in 2 ways bb) Ata break-even point, the profit is 220. Hence, P(x) = 0 P(x) = ~030 + 2-78 O= ~03e + 2r 78 sac = @ = «(-03)(-78) = 4-936 =536 ‘Since the disriminanis less than zero, there ‘Therefore. it isnot possible forthe company to break even, ©) Ata break-even punt, the profit is 200. bar ~ 5:12 = 5:12 ~4(-2)(-512) 4096 Since the discriminant is zero, there is 1 zero. ‘Therefore, itis posse forthe company to beak even in 1 ay 44) Ata break-even pint, the profits er0 Hence, P(x) = 0 Pla) = ~24e? = x12 O=-24e 12 oc = (A ~ a(=2.4)(-12) =1-12 052 Since the disriminaa is lss than zero, there “Therefor, itis nt possible for the company to breakeven, a8 6.flx) = 38 — ar tk ‘The function will have one s-intrcept when the discriminant is zero. Hence, set D ~ dae equal to zero, substitute values fora. by and ¢, and solve for tac Car «av is 1k = 16 16 a} 4 7 “The funetion will have one intercept when Te) = ke ~ ar +k Te funtion will have no zeros when the iseriinant i less than zero, fac <0 (ay = UG) <0 164i <0 16 < 4k 42k Ro4 k>dork<—2 “The function will have no ze08 when k > 2 ork = ~2, Bijla)=3e tar + k=0 ‘The funtion will have no zeros when te discriminant is less than 2270. B= dae > 0 GF -4@iw a0 16~ 12k>0 16> 12k k= 16 16 cong 4 net The unon il hve wo es when k< ‘The function will have one 220 when the isriminant is equal © 210. B= ac =0 4G) <0 16 — 12k =0 16 = 12% chapter 3: Quadratic Functions‘Me uno il ene when k= 4 The funetion wil ave two zeros when the discriminant is greater than zero. BP dae >0 ay = sy) >0 16 12k >0 ‘The faneton will ve two zeros when k-< 9.f(x) = — kr eR 8 Since the Tanetion ouches the ans at one pin, de discriminant is equal zero. dae = 0 (bP a1) #8) = 0 B48) =0 4k -3=0 (e-s)k- )=0 k= b= 0ork+4=0 k=8ork=~4 ‘The posible values of Kare 8 and —4, 10, Set? + 25 equal to ~8n and solve for 0 se if there ae any solutions. W425 = 80 pe 4 8 + 25= Bn + 8 me +25=0 BP dae = (8) — 40025) = 64 100 = 36 ‘Since the diserimivant is es than zero, the function hat no zeros and ence no values ‘of efor which the equation is tre “Therefore it isnot posible for’ + 25, {o equal ~8n 11, Answers may sary a)y= ~22+ le +2) byy=2r +1 y= 20-2) elton Functions 11 Solutions Manual 12, The income isthe price times the number of stems sol. In this eas, is px) times x whieh jg i + 42.5. To find the breakeven quan ties fr each machine, set the profi equal toa machine and solve for x Machine A: x? + 42Sr = 4x + 92.16 =r — 38a + 9216 Using the quadratic formula with b= 38, and ¢= 92.16 s84) = Vea? — A) 0216) 24) Tae s84.2 ViNTES % 384+ V0 43 Machine Bay" + 42.58 O= 42 2468 + 19.36 Using the quadratic formula with b= 286, ande = 19 (248) = V3 19 + 19.36 208) 246 + Ve05.16 = 309.76 8 _ 6 VI54 * 8 . 17.187 246 + 17I8T 4, 246 — 17.187 8 * 8 41.787 6 a2 me) r+ S20rx=093 “The first break-even point i when Machine C: ~ 41° + 42 = Bar +55 mae —337e +554 Using the quadratic formula with 33.7, and = $5.4 + VI = HA 24) 2 VINE — 8864 5 337+ V3029 ®B87 15.7886 S7 = 157886 * 3 s9.4ss9 179111 5 OS gy 2 TH x= 620rx 222 The fist break-even point is when x = 2.2 Since Machine B has the earliest break-even points recommended tothe company, 1B.flz) = 3° “The verte ofthe function son the x-axis and ‘the function has 1 2470. a) The vertex isstillon the x-axis, There is no cect. ') The vere is silon the x-axis. Tete is no cect. €) The vertex is sillon the x-axis and even though the function snow opening downward, there i tll I zero, Thee is no effet, a) The verex is now below the raxis and the function is opening upward, It now has 2 zeros. €) The verter is now above the x-axis and the function is opening upward, It now has no 1) The vertex is now above the w-axis and the function is opening downward. now bas 2 zeros. 14. Points of intersection between two equa tions are found by seting the equations equal to each other, fz) Foor te 2+ tie t+ k=O there is exactly ons point of intersection, then the discriminant is equal © 0. Therefore, se the lisriminant equal tc 0 and solve for B= ae = 0) (ay — suas +) =0 196 = B(18 + 6) = 0 (a) 202 — k “Ther is exactly one point of intersection between the tvo parcbolas when k= 105. 15. f(x) © ~(¢ ~3)(3x + 1) + 4 isa verical translation of 4 units up ofthe Function aU) =~ Ce 3) + 1), The fanetion a6) ‘opens down and has 2 zeros. Translating this function 4 units up will have mo effect the ‘numberof zeros so fl) has 222405 Tn panicul, fi) has a vertex above the a-axis ‘witha = O and hence 2 zeros 16.) Ifthe vertex i above the ans, the function will have 2 zeros if it opens dowe and no zeros if t opens up. Ith vertex is below the -cans, there willbe 2 zeros if he function ‘pens up and no zeros i it opens dose If he vertex ison the cans, theres oly 1 2210 by If he finest factor are equal or multiples of each other, there is I zero: otherwise, there are 2 zeros. {If posible, factor and determine the number ‘of zeros asin par b). IF not, use the value of BP ~ dae I~ 400 > 0 there are 2 zero, IED — dae = 0, 1 2010, and if BP 4ac <0, We k= @= 1) ke kere ke k= P2041 O=F ke det 1 +k O=r(l ~~ 2 +144) ‘The -quation will ave one solution when the disc inant is equal to zero DP dae = 0 (28-40 -Ha +H =0 4-40- B= 0 soa 4a =o 42-0 a0 k=0 ‘Therefore, the function will hve one solution when & IB.flx) = (K+ Ie + ke RT ‘The function will have no zeros when the liscriminant is es than zero, BE dae <0 (2bF 4+ DE-1) <0 ae 408-1) <0 ME 4B 450 420 chapter 3: Quaatc Functions‘This inequality is rever uve. Hence, there reno values off such that he Function has ‘The function wil Have one zero when the Aiseriminant is equal © er 4 (be — 4k +k) <0 eae — 420 This equity is never tue, Henee there are no wales of K such tht the Function has 1 zero, ‘The function will Fave ow0 Zr08 hen the discriminant is greater than zero. tac > 0 (26 = 44 e-D>0 4e 408-1) >0 ae ae 450 450 “This inequality is always tru, Hence, for ll ‘als of the funeton wil have 2 zene. 3.7 Families of Quadratic Functions, pp. 192-193. Lefla) = ale 3(r +4) ‘Amy two parabola in this family will have dgeros atx = Sand = —4 2. The ewo parabols fix) and gtx) are similar ‘in that they both ve the same vertex of (2,4). However, 0) opens downward and (0) opens upward. Furthermore, the (wo prabolas ae stretched vertically by different factors 3.Atthe point where x = 0 (the yintercep0, ‘both parabolas havea y value of ~7. This can be seen by substituting 0 for x and solving for fle) and g(). This means tha both parabolas have ay-intercept atte point (0, ~7) 44 Start witha quadratic function in factored form, $2) = ale ~ Nx) Substitute the zeros and then substitute the \alues of rand fx rom the given point to Find the value of a a) f(x) = aCe ~ (-4))( ~ G@) fla) = ale + aie ~3) (2 + 4i(2 3) 4(o)(-1) f= ern» by flay = a(x = (ONG ~ (8)) fx) = alte ~8) 6 = a(-3)(-3~ 8) == a(—3\(-1) ~6 = a(33) 6 s00) = Ste) opis) = al (VAI)(e (VA) fa) ~ alx ~ VA)(x + V7) fox) ~ ox + Vi ~ Vie ~ (AVA) fs) = a(x? 7) 3 al(-s7=7) 4 f00)~ ale ~ (1 -Va))(e = (1 +9) Jos) ~ ole ~a(1 + V3) ~ x(t - V3) + (1 va)(1+ v3) fx) = ae? =x — V2 2 + V2 +(1+-Vi-V3-Va) fla) = ale? =2e+ (1-2) fla) = a(x? = 21) 4 = a((2)' = 22) 1) 4ea(d- 4-1) 4=a(-1) dna fla) = ~4(8 = 2-1)Start with a quadatic fue form, f(x) = ae ~ Substitute the verte point and then substitute the values of ands) from the given point to find the value of afl) ate C2 +6) fs) = ate ras mas3yes a6) +8 sls) by fa) ro) y T= 00-1) +6 AT=a(-1F +6 means when x ae 67 (2) = 6(2) 7 fe 12-7 =19 6-7 say Jaye) He) == 248) 2 2 6) 8. Stare witha quadratic function in factored form. fx) = a(x ~ te ~ 3) Substitute the intercepts (eros) and then substitute the values of «and fx) from the ven point o find the vai of fla) = als ~ (8))G (4) Fla) = at = Ay(x + 4) 6= 03-4) +4) 6 = a(—1)(7) 6=—70 foe -fe- 040 9, Sat witha qua anton infact fom f(a) = a(x Nex ~8) Scbssat the zaos and then substi he Wales of and) rom the given point id tievabe ofa Sta) = alx ~ (2 + V3))(x ~ 2 - V3) 00) = ale ~ 2 V3) ~ (2 + V3) + (2+ va)(2-v3)) os? — 26 +2V5 22-35 +(4 fe) 2Vi+ 2V5- Vi) ‘chapter 3: Quadratic Functionsfis) = a(e = de + (4-3) fa) = ale — 4 +1) fa((-4)? ~ (4) +1) 5=a(l6 + 16+ 1) rc) gre fx) = X08 =r +1) 3 10, This problem is similar t Example 3.1F the edge of the tunnel sa the origin, then one ofthe zeros is 0. Ithe tunnel 12 m wide, then the ether zeros (12,0), Now, write the ‘equation i factored form. i= ar(x~ 12) ‘The eight ofthe ach 4 m fom the left edge ism. Hence, when x = 4» 6, This is {he point (4,6). Sustute this point imo the equation and solve for a 6m a(ay(s ~ 2) (4)(-8) x(e= 12) Substitute the given height, of Sm inthe Staton ant Sivetor (= 30 + 36x ~ 80 Using the quadratic formula with b= 36, and vee 2-3) Vi — 960 <6 Nelson Funetions 1 Solutions Manual 23641833. = 36-18 2 x 2980 = 9.05 ‘These are the zeros at a eight of Sm, Hence, at aubeight of 5m the bridge is (8.05 ~ 2.94) = 6.1 m wide. Therefore, tuck thats 5 m tall snd 35 m wie can passthrough the tunel 1a)b) wth 50 0 0 eigen) ime s 16) The venex is at 3, $6). ‘Use the quadratic eqation in venex form Wi) = a(t A) k Io) = al 37 + 56 [Now choose another point onthe parabola, ‘Substitute the values in, and solve for a (6, 11) isa pot on the parabola = (6 ~ 3) +56 45 =3 no 12.8),b) gh zs B> a ’ Tas TimeThe verex isa (15) Use the quadratic equation in vertex form. Substitute the given point (4, ~9) in the equation for x and fl) and save fora w= ae he sea et 3) i) atl Up ss oD Now: home aes poiton be parbla, "9 = subnet sabes in andsove fora (20) —3 {8 a point on the panbola. SG) = ~3(x + 1) + 3) Ow a(2= 1h +5 15. Sample response: 7s Definition: ‘Characteristics: wes ee |e HS(f= 0-12) +5 Seeraae wayne ase beetje Toit soo” Examples; |_Parbols [Non-examples ae pore faye 3y + 3 m0 foy= oe sonaes 3 2 i 3 x00 i * 00. pla) wats : : tayenwaaees eee Amount 2 Water (ar) ' The vertex is at approximately (1.35, 442). «) Use the quadratic equation in vertex form, fx) = ar hy +k ‘Now, choose another point onthe parabola, sub- stute the values in, and solve fro, (060, 198) {soit on the pasbols, 198 = a(Q60 = 1.35) + 442 198 » a -0.75) + 482 44 = 056250 - 24 seas “4 4078 =a fla) = ~43378(x — 138)" + 482 14, By looking at the graph, one can see that ‘he function is quadratic, the vertex is at (© 2,3), and thee ae two zeros atx and ‘An equation ofthe quadratic Tanti in atored frm is is Mx 8) Fa) = ale ~ (Ie ~ (3) (e+ 18+ 3) 16. This problem is similar wo Example 3. I the edge ofthe bridge is tthe origin, then one of the zeros sx = 0, Ifthe tunnel is 40 m wide, ‘then the other zero is x = 40, Now, write the ‘equation i factored form, ‘ale — re 3) a(x ~ 0)( ~ 40) fax(x ~ 40) Substitute the given pot (5, 8) into the equa tion for x and ft) and solve fora B= a(5(5~ 40) Sa(—35) i h A ~o08ste(x - 40) ‘The height ofthe bidge is wanted at 12 m in from the outside edge. Substitute 12 in foe and solve for fe -0.0887(12)(12 ~ 40) j= ~0.5484(—28) ds 1536 ‘Therefore the height ofthe bridge 12 m in from the outside edge is 15.36 m, chapte 3: Quaate Functions17, Substitute the given point (3,6) into the equation for x and (x) and solve for a We) sale +3)r 1-5) 6=aG + 3)3—)G—5) (GND, ae fla) =~} +3) Ye=5) 3.8 Linear-Quadratic Systems, pp. 198-199 1.) Graph both fanetons na graphing cilelaor. ©) Graph bot Functions on a graphing caleulator et ee Adjust the window, and use the intersection ‘operation vo leat the points (3,9) and (~2, Adjust the window, and notice that there are ‘no points of intersection. Gosh he ') Graph both functions on a graphing caleulator Adjust the window, and vse te incersetion operation to locate the points (0,3.and (Cas, 285 Nelton Functions 1 Slutions Manual Swbstiate 4 and 6 back ito one ofthe ‘equations to find the y-coordinats. a) = 4+ 19 gO) = ~4(4) +19 gla) = 16+ 19 al) =3 When x= 4, g(x) = 3. Hence, one point of intersection is (4.3). oscar gl) = -24+ 19 gs) = 5 When = 6,9() = $. Hence, another point ofimerssetionis (6, ~5). by fix) = g@) ae laaet a —3r-2=0‘Using the quadratic ‘muta with “a ande = — Vee AB a=2b Susie ant in oe he esuations to find the -coordinates. When x = 2, g(x) 7. Hence, one point of imersection is (2.7), n=) 03 a0) 1 a=} sine e—Yae)= a tr pitti 2, f=) Sty sc6 one -1F = 48)05) 2h Since the value ofthe disriminant i es than zero, there are no red solutions and hence no points of itersection 346 fe) aetr3 ae4t=0 ulate the value ofthe discriminant. saa) Since the value of the diseriminant is equal 0 4250 thee sone solution and hence one point (oF inersection, De + 1-21 Using the quadratic formula with 26 3 3 redo -7 subi ant 7 ck in pte equation find the y-coordinats. (= 6-1 a) eG) =9-1 eG) =8 43, Hence, another point of intersection is (—7, ~43) Chapter 3: Quadratic Functions') Graph both functions on a graphing caeulator, ye [Adjust the window, and use the intersection ‘operation to locas the points (1.91, 8.91) and (157.543) Bid Calculate the value ofthe discriminant. Pda s()(4) 80 Since the vale of he discriminant ess han 2 here are weal solos ad hence no poins of intersection a fe) =a) mie 243 Using the quadraie feral with anda Tande -O = VOR= eH) 244) -12Vo=%6 3 -i+ VB 5 5.7446 3 74 57886, Seo Nelo Functions 1 Solutions Manual = 1.2588 5 x 016 ors = 1.59 Substiute ~0.16 and ~159 back into one of the equations to find the y-soorinates ga) sed 12746 8G) = (016) = 4 ga) = 08 4 a) =32 When « = 0.16, g(x) = 32, Hence, one point of imtersection is (0.16, 32) g(a) = (1.59) +4 way = ~798+4 gta) = ~395 ‘When x = ~1.59, g(x) = ~3.95. Hence, another point of intersection i (159, -395) 5. Lec be the first integer. Also lec y be the ‘second integer. ra2ey aea1ty Solve these equations by substituting one ‘equation into the ther and Finding an att) aetyateye deyeity Om yay 0= 30+) yesorye 1 My=3athenr=2+3=5 Hy = ~Ithenz = 2+ (-1) ‘Therefore the two integers can be 5 and 3 orland 1 6 RM= Co) ~ sae + 300" = 600 ~ sue = Sor — 3801 + 600 Using the quadratic formula with a= 50, = ~380, andPradetion will reas even when te ticket Price is $3.00 or $4.00 7a) bye y ye carts {© They all have yinerepts that ar less than 1 & fla) = 43) Ie Set Sade tk 2e a+ 3—k Set the value of the discriminant equal 10 0 and salve fork Bi dae = 0 (87 ~ 490 ~ 41 64-8 k= Set the value ofthe discriminant as less than 0 and salve for ‘tac <0 6) 491A -49).<0 25-12 ~ 4) <6 25-12 + 48 <0 T= 12k B 2 Bey r oB 10. This problem i similar to Example 1. One method isto graph both fonctions ona graphing ealeulator rea een garter Adjust the window, and wse the intersection ‘operation to locate the point (7.20, 113). ‘That means thatthe daredevil released his parachute 7.20 safer jumping. 11. The line will be tangent othe parabola when itimersects the parabola in oly ene spat. Set the ‘wo equations equal to eachother ad then set ‘the discriminant equal to 0 and solve for m F(8) =) Se +4r—2 = me —S ae + deme 4 3=0 Se += me +3 ~ fae (4 = my = 493) 16 ~ 4m — 4m + nf ~ 36 = 0 m= 8m 20=0 (m= 10ym +2) =0 m= orm = 2 ‘Therefore the line wil be tangent vo the parabola when the slope ofthe lines 10 or ~2 12, Set) and g() equal to each oer and solve for he = ato) Ag + 18.24 08 =~ 1431 + 426 0= 497 ~ 19.67 + 346 Using the quadratic forma with 49, = 1067, and ¢= 3.46 ete Seen (196 « Via — ISA 967 Be 19.67 = 17863 a ‘chapter 3: Quadratic Functions1967 + 17868 | 1967-17863 15. Zero points of ienecton: 98 ore 98 F B ogra eee ae 388 or = 018 Because of the cortext of the problem, 0.18 WA ad | the wanted time. 34 LY Sut hs vale back io he fnton fr the Blokes and and save forthe eight). One point of imerseetion s() = 1480+ 426 7 0) = ~LA3(0.18) + 4.26 ‘ 1) = 02574 +426 a go =40 ‘Therefore, the blocker ean knock down the punt (.18 after the kick atthe point (0.18, 40) 13. One way to determine the number of points of imersection iso graph the two functions and «count the points of intersection, Another method isto calculate the value ofthe Aiseriminant 9? — dae > 0, there are 0 points of intersection. I ~ dae = 0, there is fe point of intersection. IF? ~ dae <0, there are no points of imersection, 142s + 3y 46 =0 Boag ge “wo points of iereetion: Subse this inthe aber equation and solve aT 7 foe b Poa t (6m) +6=0 / ode 6-2 b= eo ar=0 aa sao 4 Does [Now find the values of y when x= and x = 4 16 by substiating them bck noone ofthe erie al equation. seo 20) ty +6 r= 9@r+3) <0 y= 6 ya-2 (ne point of intersctiom is (0, 2. 2a) sy +6 845946 1s ayo jye-us 0. One point of itersestion 14 5 Aortic (1-1) Nelson Functions 11 lutions Manual a93 1 When = =3.7()= ~F. Another point etic (-3 -2) ‘These points are 2 points on the Hine of imerseetion ofthe tvo paraboas. Use these points tocaeulate slope, yrntercep, and an equation slope = 22H slope slope 243 1 a slope = + 2 7.2 stope = 2.2 2 slope = 2 1 stope = 4 Use the point (2, 0) and rise overrun to Aetermine that anoter point is I down and 2 lett of 0). This isthe point (0 —1) This is the yintrcept. Hence, an equation ofthe line that passes through the points of intersection of the two quadratic functions is y ‘Chapter Review, pp. 202-203 Lefts) = (= 2) +S 4) This quadratic isin venex form, So the vertex is 2,5). Also, since ais nepative, the parabola will open down. Since the verte is (2, 5), the axis of symmetry isx = 2 'b) The domain off is all eal numbers, {© R), Since the parabola opens down and {he vertex is (2,5) 2) has maximam value 5, So the range of ix} {y © Rly = 5) 350 ©) Since fO)= 445 the point (0, 1) son the graph, So, since the vertex is (2,5), Lean now graph the parabola Aie-3e~2P +5 2fla) = Me 2)e +8) 8) This quadratic sin factored form, Since ais Positive, this parabola will open up. The zeros awer= 2andx = ~6. Dy Since the zeros rex axis of symmetry is 2-6 => -2 So since M\-2) = A(-2-2)(-2+ 8) 4-404) ~64 the vertex is (~2, ~64), ©) The parabola opens up, and has vertex (2, 64), $00) has minimum valve ~6 So the domain offi) is fx © R), and the range isty © Ry = ~ 64). 4) Since [have vertex (~2, ~64), andthe _cintereepts are 2,0) and (6,0), Tean now rap the parabola ee) x PA and r= ~6,the 3. Since the poins (5,3) and (3.3) are ‘equidistant from, and on oppesit sides ofthe vertex, I ean average the 1-coordinates to get the aus of symmeuy. “543 ‘chapter 3: Quadratic Functions4a) flx) = ~3(— 4)? + This quadratic is in vertex form, s0 as vertex (4,7), Sinee ais negative the paral opens down, so the ‘povordinae of the verte, 7. isa maximum ‘value for this quatati, and it occurs atx = Dy fla) = Ar(x + 5): this quadratic isin factored form, andhas zeros x = O and x = ~6. So the axis of symmetry is yooe8 --3 So since J1-3) = 4(-3)(-3 +9) = 4-30) “36 ‘he vertex of tis quadratic is (3, ~36). Since is postive, this means that fx) has a mini- ‘mum value of ~36 and it occurs atx = ~ 3. 5. h(t) = 2 + 28¢ ~ 4.97 the partial factored orm ofthis quadratic is ho) =2 + 28 ~ 492 =-t9(--B) 42 x tse sa -49(1~ 28) wer=0 ths means thatthe axis of symmetry foe ins So, since is negative for this quadratic, the ‘maximum value of ht) occurs at? = 29 Seconds after the bls thrown, The valve of this maximum height is Gs) ~ -«Ga)(6a~ a9) *? AS) FH = 42 metres G.I f(x) = and set x = 97 and solve for 3 Tet +2 Ve “This means that ra)=2VE So g(x) = Vir and h(x) = ~ Ve are the two branches ofthe inverse of fx) = © 7. The inverse of a quadratic function s nt function, because it as two y-values fr some sevalues (for if [reflect parabola across y= the resulting graph wil fll the vertical ine test) Itean bea function only if the domain of ‘the original function has been restited to a single branch of the parabola, 4a) Lam given the following graph. ofa) To get the graph of y = f-"(2), Led to reflect this graph in the line y = x. So for instance, the point (0, ~4) on the exiginal graph goes to (4,0), the verex 2 4) goes to (4.2) and the intercepts (0.5, 0) and 35,0) g0 0 (0,0) 18 (0, 3.5). This is enough information fr me to graph the inverse relation, ed > 3) By observing the raph of y = FH) Lee thats domains R=) and sage eR) 6) Th me relation so anton: it des tot pss the eral ie et (te eles tne more anon yao 9a) V5 = V8 x V3 =iby “SVB -s x VibxVA perimeter = 6 +34 3V3 wosx4xvi = (9+3V5)om -20v2 ats 9 WVE-3V8 ee x Vax Vi -ax Vi8x V3 de-Szooret3=0 wax Va- 34x V3 dee Sor =~ Va = VG aa forr =~ So, the rinerceps ofthe quadratic function are ($0) ant -3.0) 13.4) In 2020, «will be (2020 ~ 2007) Substitute r= 13 into the function and solve forthe population, PO, (0) = e+ 80 + 40.000 PU) = 12039" + 800(13) + 40.000 10.Then (= 2028 + 10400 + 40000 P(r) = 52.428 “Toe population in 2010 will be 52428, Substitute 30-000 for PO) and solve for. x3-3%2V7 So, applying Heron's foemols, triangle with sides of length 5,7 and 10 wil have area A= ViG = 96-1) = VIG = 1 ~ (1 19) VERO) Vax a Vix VG = 2V 66 wits! 1 If the legs of a right tangle have length {6.em and 3 em, then the length ofthe third side, forthe hypotenuse, can be found using the Pythagorean theorem. Call the length of the ae ee [Now ris the number of years after 2007. So. 1 — eer ere eerie . Sting wns ead ind at yar’ nave ison 1990 he op Vaxvi = Vien So to find the perimeter ofthe wiangle just, ood 1 add these sic lengths together. +2 ‘chapter 3: Quadratic FunctionsPrimers + y txt y = 400 Perimeter. 2 + 25 = 400 ‘Area y= 8000 Areas y 2+ +2( 28) «0 2 + 160 = son se = set fe00 20 ingen na a= 2,5 = ~400, and c= 16.000: (400) = V(=400} = 43) 16000) 20) 300 = Viei00 — 125000 sa = VEO + 7st 4 400 + 178854 400 — 178.854 eee 4 STRESS | _ 221.1146 ES op = BL x= M472 or =5528 ‘These values are te dimensions of the recta ‘gular eld. Tobe sre, substitute these valves in to an equation and save for» ‘s000 (144.272)9 = 8000 y= 55.28 When r= 14472, = 55.28 5528,» ‘To the nearest tent of a move, the dimensions ofthe field are 55.8 mby 14.7 m. 15 ns) = Lae 52 tae = 5 ~ 1490 fac Nelzon Functions 1 Solutions Manual = (149 ive 16 Because the value ofthe discriminant is greater than zero, thee are 10 root. The parabola ‘opens downward and is above the taxis for small, positive values oft So at least one of the rots i postive. Yes, the projectile can reach a eight of 9m, 16. f(s) =e ~ 30+ ke +1 fle) = 42 = B= 2+ 1 ‘The Function will have two 2er05 when the vale ofthe discriminant is greater than 2er0 bP dac> 0 (3 ~ 2k = 4(H)(1) > 0 9 6k ~ 6k + ak 16 > 0 4B ~ 12k 750 {sng equa oma with (5909) Sand c= ~7 EN coerce 7a) wevige 3 yo EVE 3 nee ‘These are the zeros, Now, substitute pois to determine where kis true, =1 SGP 12-1) - 750 40) + 12-750 44550 920 1 Thisistwe. $0, k <5 ko 4(0)2 ~ 1200) -7>0 0-0-7530 150 +“This is never tue. Sok isnot between 7 and ke 4a 1204) -7>0 416) = = 7>0 64-9550 950 7 Thisistme.S0,k>2 ‘Therefore, the function wil have nwo ze08 when k = -2 7 cocked 2 [Now I must check ese values in the ergina equation ke 1 2 nay=ae—see( Devt fix) = 42 3-241 x) = 42 4+ 1 fae = 47-40) 616, eer er fiese—seo ner rsa a = 40) = 16-16 1 1 So, when k = ~$ 0k = tne discriminant is ‘2or0 and the Function will have 1 zero, When a ‘and the Funesion wil have 2 zeros. When the discriminant is negative and the fonction will hase no 20s 334 17, The break-even points are where P(2) = 0. Poy= Bet Ie + 8 W224 748 Using the quadratic forma with a= -2,b=7andc= 8: =O) = VFI) a 1s Vere 4 Vis 91 oF x + 4.408, There cannot be a negative number of bikes, so 0.91 isnot accepted. Since xs the number of din bikes produced in thousands, the break-even point of the function is when x = 4408 bikes 18, Suan witha quadratic funtion in factored form, Fx) = a(x) Substitute the eros and then subsite the ‘values of rand fx) from the given point to find the vale of. fia) = ax ~ (2+ V3) ~ (2 - V4) fox) = a ~ x(2- V8) ~ 2+ V3) + (24 val(2-va)) fa) = oat 20 +45 =24 = VE + (4-2Vi+2V5-V9)) fla) = ae — 4 + (4-3) fix) = abe = 4x +1) a((2)? ~ 4(2) + 1) ‘Chapter 3: Quadeatic Functions19. The family of prabotas will all have vertex (=3, =4) fla) = ale + 3) = 4 Se a(-2 +374 fo) 20, a) Because the arch is symmetsc, the point fat which the arch 15 m high wil be atthe center ofthe arch. So, the vertex of an equation modeling the design ofthe arch is (0,15). Substitute this point imo the verex form of 8 ‘quadratic equation JU) = ale Aye k fla) = atx = OF +15 fis) = ae +15 [Now since the arch 6 m wide a height ‘of 8m, points 6 =2= 3m to-each side ofthe ‘xgin will be 8 m in beight. So the point, 8) Js on the graph, Subsite t find the valve ofa Be aay tis 4 Graph the function and use the zero Function on the calculator to fir thatthe intercepts are x= 4391 and x = 4391. The distance hetween these two points i (4.391 — (—4391)) ‘= £8. This isthe length of the base ofthe arch, So, the widths 8.8m. 2. fl) = eG) de eae tle art a ae +r 15=0 Nelson Functions 1 Solutions Manu Using the quadratic formula with a= 2,b=Tande= “15 =) = VF = 4Q)C15) 2@) -1=V@+ 100 SER CER) vie BG) =19 Another point a: intersection is (~,19). 2 en 80) WS + 20415 = 3+ O85? — 1-12 0= (r+ 3)0—4) St+3=00rr-4=0 5 =—3or 5 4 3 Atime of ~3 seconds doesnot make sense, So, 11> 4 seconds isthe only acceptable answer. Yes, the pital will hit the baseball ta time, 1. of 4 seconds Add) = =S(4Y + 20(4) + 15 h(t) = ~5(16) + 80+ 15, hs) = 80-4 80+ 15 fig) = 38 ‘The ball will be at a height of 15 m when itis hit by the pinball 35sfia) = a) ~ot9=~3r-5 art 0 The parabola wil imerscct the line ifthe value of the discriminant is gual 00 o greater than BP dae 404) =-47 ‘This is not qual 10 0 or greater than 0. So, the parabola will not interset the line, by Answers will van ‘Change the slope ofthe line from ~3 « 3 a) =3r-5 J) = 80) FG t9=3r-5 Pooreis=o 2 sae = (97 = 4044) 81-56 25 ‘The line will now imerset the parabola in locations because he value ofthe dis ‘riminant is greater than 0, Chapter Self-Test, p. 204 Se + 10-5 =5(2 — 2 +1) 3 )e=1) =5(r-1F The venex isthe pont (1,0. by The zewisatx= 1 “The aus of symmeuy is the Fine x = 1. Since «is negative, he function opens down. © Domain: {x © R) Range: {y © Rly =0) a a ho a 2.) flx) = -2e — 8 +3 Because a = ~2 is regative, the Function will have a maximum ve To find the maximum ‘alu, compete the square to get te Function in vere form, 356 byfla) = He —)e +8) [Because «is positive, the function will have a ‘minimum value. To find the minimum value, average the zero, '3.a) Choose the vertex form because the vertex is visible in he equation. 1b) Choose the standard form because the srimercept is visible inthe equation 3s the value oe ©) Choose the factored form because the 2r08 fre visible inthe equation, 44) Choose the vertex form. Use the s-coordinate ofthe verte, ©) Choose the vertex form, Use the vertex and direction of opening. 4 1 Lette the length of onesie ofthe field and yrbethe length ofan adjacent side. So, 2400 Perimeter x+y ta + Perimeter 2x + 2y = 2400 Perimeter: x + y = 1200, Perimeter: = 1200 — x ‘Lette maximum area he defined bythe vale Aza A= x(1200 = x) A= x(120 x) ‘The intercepts are x = O and x ~ 1200. To find the reoontinate ofthe vertex average the 40 weceepe revo +1200 200 B = 60 When ‘The maximum afea ofa rectangular Feld that can be enclosed by 2400 m of fencing is then (600) + (600) = 3600000 m Chapter 3: Quadratic FunctionsSfx) = 2¢x = 1 =3 ‘To determine the ation of the inverse, inter change and yin te equation and solve Fry. 6. (2- Va}(s+ V3) =642V2-3Viv2~4 224 2V5-0V3 =2-4V2 (5 + Valls -Vi9) =15-3Vi0+5V5- VB = 15 ~ 3V10 + V5 - V35V2 = 15- 3V10 + V5 - sV2. © Vacan be simpited o 23, This ested St atte eoald be con ae. Riese t=O “The faction wil have one root when the Aisriina sega 20 Pa (9 4a (k)= 0 wen te Teo a k=2ork= -2 “The function will hve one root when k=2or 8, Set the two equations equal to each other and then calclat the discriminant. The linear fanction wll intersect the quadratic function if tho value ofthe discriminant is equal tO or seater than 0. fla) = gis) oe ae +2 =6r— bent 7=0 Nelson Functions 1 Solutions Mana Bac TEs IO) 1 25 Since the value of the disesiminant i greater ‘han O, the FinearTunetion interscets the ‘quadratic function in wo places, Using the quadraie formula with a=2.b=~9ande=7 = (9) = V5 20) 4 1 xetor=1 woe) qo-aes ir ‘When x 1 coe prin tines (2 a(x) =601)~5 g(x) =6-5 a) When s = Lata Another point of intersection is, 1). So, the points of intersection ofthe function are Cnn Chapters 13 Cumulative Review, pp.206-209 0 1 The comet answers). This snot fe tin, This is becuse the value 3 i seat to bot {and 31. fonction i only sent ne vale 2. The comet answer i B.A reflection nthe -canis would not be applied of. Ry) = 28 +30 To determine the equation of theives, ner change and y nthe equation and solve fry 7ria) The correct answer sb) 4. The venex ofthe function is (2,3) and the ‘equation opens dows. So, the range is any ‘vale equal to 3 or kelow 3. This canals be ‘hecked by graphing the function. Te corect answer is 5. The comrect answer is) Ini), f(x) canbe simplified w (x +3) (= 6)(2 + 6), which s the same a8 Ht). Indi, 640) = Gr +2" = (9F +e NEL 2) TF + I + 360+ Dr + 1+ S 214+ Sar +3604 8 This is the same equation as 6. The correct answer is) @ Qy—1) G+ ey D Wee fc epi, ator denominator would be ze Tn the second expression, y cannot equal 0 oF —T or the denominator would be zero. So, the correct, answer is) pened 6 Baar e-1 Pa (= 90-2) G- 9+, @=DETN GOED Caneel (x ~ 2) fom the numerator ofthe fst expression andthe denominator ofthe second ‘expression. Also, cancel (x + 1) from the hhumerator ofthe it expression and the 3.4554 = y The coneet answers 16.The comeet answers Wh faye ese 3 fee Cars +3 Woyaise3 Fo1y=9 “The correct answers 18. The veri ine test. ot the hovizont ne tex cam be se fo show that elation sa function The coect answers). 19.» canot be sera So, dis tbe best choice. “The correct answer sd). maja) = 5 —7 “To determine the equation othe iver, iter- change and y nthe equation and sole for y ae x6 ‘To determine the equation of the inverse, intr ‘change x and yin the equation and solve for: Po Sr-6 yy6 syre Bey sa ee Sax Bey re coneetansweris 22, To determine the equation ofthe inverse, Jnterchange + and yin the equation and solve for y not. ‘The comet answer is23 inst be gre hn or eal to 2 andy Inst be reer hance eal 0 2, The ater overed inte formes Sovy = —2for/"(). Sout = ~2 orf). The cone answer is) 2 f(x) = Vets = 1 ape ‘The conwet answer is) 25, The correct answer is) 26, y= ~2e 120-19 =2(2 + 62) = 19 W242 +6 +9-9)-19 yo 22 +649) +189 ya 2432-1 The comect answer ie) 2 y= (4 2K 3) yevnsn6 ‘The comect answer is 28, The company will beak even when the profit is 0, O= ae + 28-0 (32 Te +10) (r= 3) =2) ors =2 Since isthe mrmber soli in thous, the com- pany mn sll S000 o 2000 items to breakeven. ‘The corect answer isa) 29, The correct answer iD) Be + Ider =O, Pac (2 = 46) 144 ~ 168, By Since the valu of he dssiinat is tess tha tre ae note n= D The comet answer Tt - a(S) -( es 305 * 3 th ab eo eb ‘The comet answers b). Pad deed carrer rT) (2) +2) (e943) +3 Be +3 Cancel (* + 2) fom the numerator of the Fis. expression and the denominator ofthe ssond expression. Also, cancel (x + 3) from the

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