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    CLORURO

    Uploaded by

    Jhon Vesga
    This document provides procedures for determining the chloride concentration in soil extracts through silver nitrate titration. Chloride is quantified by titrating a soil saturation extract with 0.01 N silver nitrate solution until a permanent reddish-brown color appears. The volume of silver nitrate used is then used to calculate the chloride concentration based on the normality of the silver nitrate solution and volume of soil extract tested. Proper reagents, extraction, titration procedure, calculations, and technical remarks are described to accurately measure chloride levels.

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    CLORURO

    Uploaded by

    Jhon Vesga
    41 views2 pages
    This document provides procedures for determining the chloride concentration in soil extracts through silver nitrate titration. Chloride is quantified by titrating a soil saturation extract with 0.01 N silver nitrate solution until a permanent reddish-brown color appears. The volume of silver nitrate used is then used to calculate the chloride concentration based on the normality of the silver nitrate solution and volume of soil extract tested. Proper reagents, extraction, titration procedure, calculations, and technical remarks are described to accurately measure chloride levels.

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    This document provides procedures for determining the chloride concentration in soil extracts through silver nitrate titration. Chloride is quantified by titrating a soil saturation extract with 0.01 N silver nitrate solution until a permanent reddish-brown color appears. The volume of silver nitrate used is then used to calculate the chloride concentration based on the normality of the silver nitrate solution and volume of soil extract tested. Proper reagents, extraction, titration procedure, calculations, and technical remarks are described to accurately measure chloride levels.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    41 views2 pages

    CLORURO

    Uploaded by

    Jhon Vesga
    This document provides procedures for determining the chloride concentration in soil extracts through silver nitrate titration. Chloride is quantified by titrating a soil saturation extract with 0.01 N silver nitrate solution until a permanent reddish-brown color appears. The volume of silver nitrate used is then used to calculate the chloride concentration based on the normality of the silver nitrate solution and volume of soil extract tested. Proper reagents, extraction, titration procedure, calculations, and technical remarks are described to accurately measure chloride levels.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Calculations

    Where:
    2 = Valance of carbonate
    Y = Volume of titrant against phenolphthalein indicator (mL)
    t = Volume of titrant against methyl orange indicator (mL)
    V = Volume of soil extract used for titration (mL)
    N = Normality of H2SO4 solution

    Technical Remark
    Carbonate and bicarbonate should be determined soon after preparing extracts because CaCO3
    precipitates on standing. If other analyses (Ca, Mg, K, Na, Cl, and SO4) cannot be performed
    immediately, refrigerate the extracts.

    5.15. Chloride

    Soluble chloride (Cl) is obtained in the saturation extract (as prepared for soluble Ca, Mg and anions),
    and its concentration in the extract is determined by silver nitrate titration. This method quantifies the
    concentration of Cl (meq/L) in the saturation paste extract. Chloride may be determined using anion
    selective electrode (potentiometric). Plant tolerance to Cl can be related to its concentration in the soil
    saturation paste extract. The method detection limit is approximately 0.1 meq/L, dependent on the
    method of analysis, and is generally reproducible within ± 10 %.

    Reagents
    A. Potassium Chromate Solution (K2CrO4), 5% in water
     Dissolve 5 g K2CrO4 in 50 mL DI water.
     Add dropwise 1 N silver nitrate (AgNO3) until a slight permanent red precipitate is formed.
     Filter, and bring to 100-mL volume with DI water.
    B. Silver Nitrate Solution (AgNO3), 0.01 N
     Dry 3 - 4 g AgNO3 in an oven at 105 °C for 2 hours. Cool in a desiccator, and store in a tightly
    stoppered bottle.
     Dissolve 1.696 g dried AgNO3 in DI water, and bring to 1-L volume.

    C. Sodium Chloride Solution (NaCl), 0.01 N


     Dry 2-3 g NaCl in an oven at 110 °C for 3 hours. Cool in a desiccator, and store in a tightly
    stoppered bottle.
     Dissolve 0.585 g dried NaCl in DI water, and bring to 1-L volume.

    Procedure
    A. Extraction
    1. Soluble Cl can be obtained in a water extract from a saturated paste as for pH and EC
    determinations.
    2. Filter suspension using Whatman No.1 filter paper to exclude any soil particles.
    - 118 -
    B. Measurement
    1. Pipette 5-10 mL soil saturation extract in a wide-mouth Erlenmeyer flask (150-mL).
    2. Add 4 drops 5 % K2CrO4 solution.
    3. Titrate against 0.01 N AgNO3 until a permanent reddish-brown color appears.
    4. Always run two blanks containing all reagents but no soil, and treat them in exactly the same
    way as for the samples. Subtract the blank titration reading from the readings for all samples.
    6. In order to standardize the AgNO3 solution used in the determination of Cl:
     Pipette 10 mL 0.01N NaCl solution in a wide-mouth Erlenmeyer flask.
     Add 4 drops 5 % K2CrO4 solution.
     Titrate against 0.01 N AgNO3 solution, until a permanent reddish-brown color appears.
     Take the reading, and calculate AgNO3 normality:

    Where:
    NAgNO = Normality of AgNO3 solution
    VAgNO = Volume of AgNO3 solution used (mL)
    NNaCl = Normality of NaCl solution

    Calculation
    –

    Where:
    V = Volume of 0.01 N AgNO3 titrated for the sample (mL)
    B = Blank titration volume (mL)
    V1 = Volume of extract used for titration (mL)
    N = Normality of AgNO3 solution

    Technical Remarks
    1. Clean all glassware prior to analysis. Wash all glassware with 0.2 N HNO3 and wash by DI water.
    2. Samples containing Cl concentrations greater than the highest standard will require dilution.

    - 119 -

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