Question 1

 I. All probabilities can be expressed as decimal values ranging from 0 to 1.00
II. The proportion in the tail of a normal distribution can never be more than 0.50.
Response: Both are True
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 2
 For a particular population, the largest distance (deviation) between a score and the mean is 11
points. The smallest distance between a score and the mean is 4 points. Therefore, the standard
deviation _____.
Response: will be between 4 and 11
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 3
 Which of the following shows a statistically significant result?
Response: all of the above
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 4
 Jessa is conducting a research that will measure the level of interpersonal relationship and level
of extraversion of selected college students. She gathered the population (N=4000) of the college
students in the university that she chose to conduct her study. Moreover, she sets the number of
sample (n=400) and selected every 10th person in the population. What sampling technique does
she employed?
Response: Systematic Sampling
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 5
 CJ gave a 100-item achievement test to her BS Psychology students. After the examination,
scored has been acquired and analyzed. The mean score of the whole class is 57.04 and a
standard deviation of 10.24. Obviously, the scores have large deviation from the mean. Based
from the mean and standard deviation, what is the possible shape of the distribution?
Response: Leptokurtic
Score: 0 out of 1 No

Question 6
 Barry conducted a research that determined the sociability level of the selected BS Psychology
students. He administered a Sociability Scale to the participants and acquired the raw score for
each of them. Moreover, he also determined the number of participants who have low, average,
and high level of sociability and discovered that majority of the students have an average level of
sociability. He also concluded that the selected BS Psychology students have an average level of
sociability. Which of the following measures of central tendency does Barry utilized?
Response: Mean and Mode
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 7
 Krizza is conducting a study that will identify the relationship of coping styles and resiliency of
the selected 4th year college students. To identify the coping styles of the participants, Krizza
utilizes COPE Inventory and it will classify the participants into three major coping styles
(avoidance-focused, emotion-focused, and problem-focused). Resiliency level will be measured
using the Resiliency Scale. Which of the following measures of central tendency is the most
appropriate to use if you want to determine the most frequently used coping style of the students?
Response: Mode
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 8
 If the Shapiro-Wilk's Test p value is greater than .05, the distribution is
Response: approximately normal
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 9
 A researcher collects a sample of n = 20 Introductory Psychology textbooks and records the
number of pages in each book. The results are then placed in a grouped frequency distribution
table using intervals of 0-99 pages, 100-199 pages, 200-299 pages, and so on. If the results were
converted into a frequency distribution graph, what kind of graph should be used?
Response: Either a histogram or a polygon
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 10
 I. A recent study found a correlation between gum disease and heart disease. This result
indicates that gum disease causes people to develop heart disease.
II. A recent report concluded that children with siblings have better social skills than children
who grow up as an only child. This is an example of an experimental study.
Response: Both are False
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 11
 The following are true about proportions, EXCEPT
Response: It is also referred as cumulative frequencies
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes
Question 12
 A recent study reports that students who just finished playing a prosocial video game were more
likely to help others than students who had played a neutral or antisocial game. For this study,
what is the dependent variable?
Response: The helping behavior of the students
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 13
 The critical boundaries for a hypothesis test are z = +1.96 and -1.96. If the z-score for the
sample data is z = -1.90, what is the correct statistical decision?
Response: Fail to reject the null hypothesis
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 14
 A researcher wants to determine the level of depression tendency and anxiety individuals with
HIV+. Which of the following sampling technique is the most appropriate to use?
Response: Snowball Sampling
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 15
 Clarize is planning to conduct a research that will determine the level of self-efficacy and
academic performance of selected academic scholar students. Moreover, she wants to identify
the relationship between the self-efficacy and academic performance. Which research
design/method should she utilize?
Response: Correlational Design
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 16
 A researcher administers a treatment to a sample of participants selected from a population with
µ = 80. If a hypothesis test is used to evaluate the effect of the treatment, which combination of
factors is most likely to result in rejecting the null hypothesis?
Response: A sample mean much different than 80 with α = .05
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 17
 Jay is conducting a study that will determine the effects of Rumyodin on the anxiety level of
stage performers. He randomly assigned 30 stage performers that will took the Rumyodin and 30
stage performers who will not took the Rumyodin. After gathering their scores, Jay utilized
statistical analysis to determine if there were differences between the participants anxiety scores.
In this example, which is the dependent variable?
Response: Anxiety Level
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 18
 Which of the following variables is the most appropriate to use the mean as a measure of central
tendency?
Response: All of the above
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 19
 Jade is conducting a research that will determine the personality type (introvert or extrovert) of
her participants. Personality type, in the mentioned situation, is an example of ___________.
Response: Categorical Variable
Score: 0 out of 1 No

Question 20
 A statistically significant result in a quantitative research means
Response: all of the above
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 21
 Danielle wants to determine the perceived parenting styles of the selected high school students.
To present his data, he used a chart where the categories are organized vertically on the y-axis
and values are shown horizontally on the x-axis. Which way of presenting the data does he
utilized?
Response: Bar Graph
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 22
 When do we reject our null hypothesis?
Response: Both a and b
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 23
 The following are the steps in computing the variance:
I. Square each of these deviation scores.
II. Subtract the mean from each score.
III. Divide the sum of the squared deviation scores to the number of scores.
IV. Add up the squared deviation scores.
Which of the following is the correct sequence?
Response: II, I, IV, III
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 24
 How much of the scores in a normal distribution will fall between the mean ±2 standard
deviation?
Response: 95%
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 25
 Which is NOT TRUE about population?
Response: Population parameter is usually known without reference from sample statistic.
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 26
 Which of the following accurately describes the critical region?
Response: Outcomes with a very low probability if the null hypothesis is true
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 27
 A class consists of 10 male and 30 female students. If one student is randomly selected from the
class, what is the probability of selecting a male student?
Response: 10/40
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 28
 How can we determine the number of classes in a grouped frequency table?
Response: Utilizing the Sturge Formula (K = 1 x 3.3 log(n))
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 29
 “There is no significant difference between male and female in terms of psychological statistics
anxiety scores.” What type of hypothesis does the statement represent?
Response: Nondirectional Null Hypothesis
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 30
 After measuring two individuals, a researcher can say that Tom’s score is 4 points higher than
Bill’s. The measurements must come from a(n) _______ scale.
Response: Interval/Ratio
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 31
 Choosing participants for a study in such a way that all of them have equal chances of being
chosen is called
Response: All of the above
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 32
 After determining the characteristics of the comparison distribution when conducting a
hypothesis testing procedure, the next thing that you will do is:
Response: Set the level of significance or alpha level
Score: 0 out of 1 No

Question 33
 For any distribution, what is the z-score corresponding to the mean?
Response: 0
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 34
 Which of the following accurately describes the proportions in the tails of a normal distribution?
Response: Proportions in both tails are positive.
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 35
 A hypothesis test involves a comparison of which two elements?
Response: Research results from a sample and a hypothesis about a population
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 36
 What is the minimum sample size so that the distribution of sample means will approach normal
distribution?
Response: n = 30 if the population where it came from is non-normal (e.g., skewed, uniform)
Score: 0 out of 1 No

Question 37
 I. A recent report concluded that college graduates have higher life-satisfaction scores than
individuals who do not receive college degrees. For this study, graduating versus not graduating
are examples of categorical variables.
II. The goal for an experiment is to demonstrate that changes in one variable are responsible for
causing changes in a second variable. This is also possible for a correlational research design.
Response: Both are True
Score: 0 out of 1 No

Question 38
 I. Using the election results from a sample of n = 100 voters to predict the results for the entire
state is an example of inferential statistics.
II. A researcher interested in vocabulary development obtains a sample of 3-year-old children to
participate in a research study. The average score for the group of children is an example of a
parameter.
Response: Only I is True
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 39
 Which of the following accurately describes the proportions in the tails of a normal distribution?
Response: Proportions in both tails are less than 0.50.
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 40
 A researcher conducts a hypothesis test to evaluate the effect of a treatment that is expected to
increase scores. The hypothesis test produces a z-score of z = 2.27. If the researcher is using a
one-tailed test, what is the correct statistical decision?
Response: Reject the null hypothesis with α = .05 but not with α = .01.
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 41
 I. In order for the distribution of sample means to be normal, it must be based on samples of at
least n = 30 scores.
II. Two samples probably will have different means even if they are both the same size and they
are both selected from the same population.
Response: I is True, II is False
Score: 0 out of 1 No

Question 42
 A population distribution has σ = 6. What position in this distribution is identified by a z-score
of z = +2.00?
Response: 12 points above the mean
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 43
 Which of the following is TRUE about the median?
Response: It is used for rank-order variables
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 44
 What position in the distribution corresponds to a z-score of z = –1.00?
Response: Below the mean by a distance equal to 1 standard deviation
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 45
 What is the bottom class interval if the researcher utilized a 5-point Likert Scale (1-5) and
acquired a class width of 0.75?
Response: 1.00 – 1.74
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 46
 A 5-year old boy took an intelligence test in a Psychological Clinic. On the measure of
intelligence, the raw score was converted into a z-score so that the score can be interpreted
easily. The 5-year-old boy’s z = 4.45. If the deviation IQ mean is 100 and have a standard
deviation of 15, what does the z score of the boy implied?
Response: The boy is probably a genius
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 47
 If a hypothesis test produces a z-score in the critical region, what decision should be made?
Response: Reject the null hypothesis
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 48
 In a distribution with positive skewness, scores with the highest frequencies are _____.
Response: on the left side of the distribution
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 49
 Which is NOT TRUE about the relationship of probability with the normal distribution?
Response: The probability of getting a particular score 1 SD from the mean is around 34%
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 50
 Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Z scores?
Response: None of the above
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 51
 The sample variance and standard deviation uses n-1 instead of N when it is calculated. Which
of the following is TRUE with regards to using n-1 to the formula?
Response: It serves as an adjustment to correct the bias in sample variability
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 52
 Which of the following is TRUE about psychological variables (e.g. intelligence, motivation,
stress)?
Response: Most psychological data are ordinal by nature but are treated as interval because of
its flexibility in different analysis
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 53
 “Table 1 shows the level of self-acceptance of the selected college students. Based on the
gathered results, the selected college students have a high level of self-acceptance (M = 4.6454,
SD = 0.4545).” From the given example, what is wrong with the reporting of results in APA
format?
Response: Both a and b
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 54
 Which of the following is the best way to present the data of the number of participants and their
score on a 5-point Likert Scale?
Response: Column Chart
Score: 0 out of 1 No

Question 55
 For a hypothesis test evaluating the effect of a treatment on a population mean, what basic
assumption is made concerning the treatment effect?
Response: If there is a treatment effect, it will increase or decrease the scores.
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes
Question 56
 If a set of exam scores forms a negatively skewed distribution, what can you likely conclude
about the students’ scores?
Response: Most of the students had relatively high scores
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 57
 At 0.01 significance level, what is the critical value if you are utilizing a one-tailed test and the
hypothesized sample mean score is less than the population mean score?
Response: -2.33
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 58
 Using a two-tailed test, at 0.05 significance level, where would be the z score of the sample is
located if the treatment significantly increases the sample’s score?
Response: on the right-hand side of the distribution
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 59
 It provides a measure of the standard, or average distance of scores from the mean, and whether
the scores are clustered closely around the mean or are widely scattered.
Response: Standard Deviation
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 60
 Mean Squared Deviation is the other term for:
Response: Variance
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 61
 A two-tailed hypothesis test is being used to evaluate a treatment effect with α = .05. If the
sample data produce a z-score of z = -2.24, what is the correct decision?
Response: Reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the treatment has an effect
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 62
 After recording the final grade (A, B, C, D, F) for each individual in a class of N = 26 students,
the professor would like to display the grade distribution in a frequency distribution graph. What
kind of graph should be used?
Response: A bar graph
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 63
 A 150-item examination was given to 4th year BS Psychology students. Upon gathering the
scores for each student, the professor discovered that most of the students’ scores pile up on the
high end of the distribution. What does it mean?
Response: The exam was very easy.
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 64
 I. Classifying people into two groups on the basis of sex (male or female) is an example of
measurement on an ordinal scale.
II. A correlational study typically uses only one group of participants but measures two different
variables (two scores) for each individual
Response: Only II is True
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 65
 Gender, Personality, Age, Temperature, and Impulsiveness are examples of:
Response: Variable/s
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 66
 You created a clinical test to measure anxiety. You planned to give it out to a sample of people
who consistently experienced anxiety. You decided to give out the test to the people diagnosed
with anxiety disorders in the health center in your town. Your method of sampling can be
classified as
Response: Purposive Sampling
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 67
 Lisa is conducting a research that will determine the relationship of anxiety scores and
depression scores. She used a 4-point Likert Scale Anxiety Questionnaire and a 3-point Likert
Scale Depression Scale. Both questionnaires contained 10 items. What is the highest possible
mean score that an individual would obtain if she answered all the items for both questionnaires?
Response: 3.00 for Depression and 4.00 for Anxiety
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 68
 Ivan is conducting a research that will determine the effects of frontal lobe damage on the
retention skill of selected college students. Which research design should be utilized?
Response: Ex-Post Facto Design
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 69
 What does the law of large numbers suggest?
Response: the larger the sample size, the closer the sample mean is to the population mean
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 70
 The statistical significance is represented by what symbol?
Response: alpha
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 71
 Students of a certain program randomly handed out questionnaires to the people who enter the
library. This sampling method is called
Response: Convenience Sampling
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 72
 A group of researchers conducted a study on the effectiveness of classical music in the retention
skill of college students. They group the college students into different conditions (no classical
music and with classical music) and measured their retention skill using a questionnaire. After
collecting the data and analyzing them using SPSS, the results showed “Sig. 2-tailed (0.263)”.
What does it mean if the alpha level is set at 0.05?
Response: The researchers’ decision is “reject the null hypothesis” and concluded that classical
music significantly affects the retention skill of the college students
Score: 0 out of 1 No

Question 73
 With α = .05, how are the boundaries for the critical region determined?
Response: Boundaries are drawn so there is 2.5% (.025) in each tail of the distribution.
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 74
 Which of the following is the correct procedure to acquire the standard deviation?
Response: Square root of the mean squared deviation
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 75
 Kenneth is calculating the variance and standard deviation for his psychological statistics
assignment. His data consists of 25 scores. Unfortunately, Kenneth’s scientific calculator was not
working so he decided to compute the variance and standard deviation by hand. Which formula
should he use so that it is easier for him to solve it?
Response: Computational Formula
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 76
 A researcher selects a sample and administers a treatment to the individuals in the sample. If the
sample is used for a hypothesis test, what does the null hypothesis say about the treatment?
Response: The treatment has no effect on the scores.
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 77
 A researcher selects a sample and administers a treatment to the individuals in the sample. If the
sample is used for a hypothesis test, what does the alternative hypothesis say about the
treatment?
Response: The treatment causes a change in the scores.
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 78
 Devoe administered a 60-item achievement test to his 40 students. Upon gathering all their
scores, he calculated the mean and standard deviation of the whole class. The mean is 76 and the
standard deviation is 0. What does it mean?
Response: The scores of his students are the same
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 79
 A random sample of n = 100 scores is selected from a population. Which of the following
distributions will definitely be normal?
Response: The distribution of sample means will definitely form a normal distribution.
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 80
 What does it mean if an event has the probability value of 0.01?
Response: The event is improbable or unlikely
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 81
 I. For any distribution of scores, the location identified by z = +1 and the location identified by z
= –1 are exactly the same distance from the mean.
II. Transforming an entire distribution of scores into z-scores will not change the shape of the
distribution.
Response: Both are True
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 82
 The critical boundaries for a hypothesis test are z = +1.96 and −1.96. If the z-score for the
sample data is z = −1.95, what is the correct statistical decision?
Response: Fail to reject the null Hypothesis
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 83
 In a normal distribution, if you get a z-score of 2 then you can say that: (use the 34%-14%-2%
estimation)
Response: Around 2% of the other test takers got a higher score than you
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 84
 When the z-score value in a normal distribution is negative, the body is on the _______ of the
distribution
Response: cannot answer because of insufficient information
Score: 0 out of 1 No

Question 85
 A researcher conducts a hypothesis test to evaluate the effect of a treatment. The hypothesis test
produces a z-score of z = 2.37. Assuming that the researcher is using a two-tailed test, what
decision should be made?
Response: The researcher should reject the null hypothesis with α = .05 but not with α = .01.
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 86
 What is the mean and standard deviation of a z-score?
Response: 0 and 1
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes
Question 87
 Which of the following accurately describes a hypothesis test?
Response: An inferential technique that uses the data from a sample to draw inferences about a
population
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 88
 It provides a quantitative measure of the difference between scores in a distribution and
describes the degree to which the scores are spread out or clustered together.
Response: Variability
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 89
 Which of the following is the first thing a researcher must do to make a frequency table?
Response: Gather the scores of the participants
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 90
 A researcher expects a treatment to increase the scores for individuals in a population. The
treatment is evaluated using a one-tailed hypothesis test, and the test produces z = +2.40. Based
on this result, what is the correct statistical decision?
Response: The researcher should reject the null hypothesis with either α = .05 or α = .01.
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 91
 Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Correlational Research Design?
Response: It can give cause-and-effect relationship between variables.
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 92
 The following are true about probability, EXCEPT:
Response: Descriptive statistics rely on the connection established by probability when using
sample data as the basis for making conclusions about population
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 93
 Students in an introductory art class are classified as art majors and non-art majors. What scale
of measurement is being used to classify the students?
Response: Nominal
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 94
 A sample of n = 20 scores is transformed into z-scores. What is the mean for the set of 20 z-
scores?
Response: 0
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 95
 After you asked one participant to answer your survey that you created, you asked the
participant about others like him/her who could possibly answer your survey. You were then
referred to people whom the participant knows are capable of answering your survey. The
sampling method is called
Response: None of the above
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 96
 “This group took an average of 179 moves to solve the puzzle, whereas the rest of the control
participants took an average of 74 moves, t(19) = 3.31, p < .01.” Based from what you have
learned in hypothesis-testing, what is the decision of the researcher who conducted this study?
Response: Reject the null hypothesis
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 97
 Last week Sarah had exams in math and in Spanish. On the math exam, the mean was µ = 40
with σ = 5, and Sarah had a score of X = 45. On the Spanish exam, the mean was µ = 60 with σ =
8, and Sarah had a score of X = 68. For which class should Sara expect the better grade?
Response: The grades should be the same because the two exam scores are in the same
location.
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 98
 What is the most commonly used confidence level?
Response: 95%
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 99
 “This study shows that hypnotherapy significantly decreases the statistics anxiety scores of the
participants, z = -3.50, p>.05.” What is wrong with the given statement?
Response: The reporting of probability value (should be less than .05)
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 100
 If the computed correlation coefficient has one asterisk after the number (e.g. 0.99*). What does
it mean?
Response: The result is significant at 0.05 level
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 101
 Which of the following z-score values represents the location farthest from the mean?
Response: z = -2.00
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 102
 It takes a disorganized set of scores, places them in order from highest to lowest, and the number
of individuals is given for each range of values that are grouped together.
Response: Grouped Frequency Table
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 103
 A researcher records the change in weight (gained or lost) during the first semester of college
for each individual in a group of a population of N = 1000 freshmen, then calculates the average
change in weight. The average is an example of a
Response: statistic
Score: 0 out of 1 No

Question 104
 A researcher is conducting an experimental research that will determine the effects of music in
alleviating the stress level of selected 40 college students. The researcher utilizes a 5-point Likert
Scale 10-item questionnaire to measure their stress level. How will the researcher identify the
stress level of the selected 40 college students?
Response: All of the above
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 105
 I. A data set is described as consisting of n = 15 scores. Based on the notation being used, the
data set is a sample.
II. In an introductory theater class, the professor records each student’s favorite movie from the
previous year. The teacher is measuring an interval variable.
Response: Only I is True
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 106
 A researcher is determining the aggressiveness level of children who is exposed to violent TV
shows. Based from previous studies, the general aggressiveness level of children M=15 and
SD=3. A 4-year-old boy took an aggressiveness scale and acquired a standard score z =3.51.
What does it mean?
Response: The 4-year-old boy have an above average aggressiveness level
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 107
 A sample of n = 25 individuals is selected from a population with µ = 80, and a treatment is
administered to the sample. What is expected if the treatment has no effect?
Response: The sample mean after the treatment should be close 80 and should lead you to fail
to reject the null hypothesis.
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 108
 It maintains the probabilities from changing from one selection to the next by returning each
individual to the population before you make a selection.
Response: Sampling with Replacement
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 109
 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, and 40-50 are the class intervals for a data set of 100 scores with
scores ranging from 0 to 50. What is wrong with thes class intervals?
Response: The class intervals have overlapping elements
Score: 1 out of 1 Yes

Question 110
 To determine how much difference there is between two individuals, you must use either an
________ scale of measurement.
Response: Interval/Ratio
Score: 1 out of 1