PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 391

LESSON 25
PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF
TRIANGLES

A triangle has six components : three sides and three angles. The three angles of a are denoted by
letters and and the sides opposite to these angles by letters and respectively. Following
are some well known relations for a triangle (say ).
1. (or )
2. and
This property may also be remembered as “In any triangle the greatest side is always less than sum
of two other sides.”
3. and
This property may also be remembered as “In any triangle the smallest side is always greater than
the difference of two other sides.”
Some Standard Results :
1. Sine Rule A

c b
(where is the circum–radius of triangle)
i.e., sines of the angles are proportional to the length of opposite sides. B a C

 If one side and opposite angle of a triangle is fixed then its circumcircle and circum radius is
also get fixed.
2. Cosine Rule

etc.

3. Projection Formulae
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 392

4. Napier’s Analogy

5. Half Angle Formulae

Perimeter of is denoted by i.e.,

6. Area of is denoted by or

(Hero’s formula)

7. Some terms associated with a triangle

(a) Centroid (G)
A
Common point of intersection of medians of a triangle.
Divides every median in the ratio

i.e., etc.
cF Eb
Centroid always lies inside the triangle. It can be shown that G
(i)
B D C
a

(ii) area of area of

area of area of

(iii) and
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 393

(b) Circumcentre (O)

Common point of intersection of perpendicular bisectors of the sides of a triangle. It is
equidistant from all the vertices of the triangle circle can be drawn passing through all the
vertices with center as this point. This circle is called the circumcircle and its radius is called
circumradius generally denoted by
It can be shown that

i.e., etc.

Also,
A
Circumcentre lies outside the triangle for an obtuse angled triangle, on
the mid point of the hypotenuse for a right angled triangle, and inside an
acute angled triangle. It can be shown that
O
(i) C
(ii) B H D
(iii)
(c) Orthocentre (P) A
Let be any triangle and let the perpendiculars and
90  C
from vertices and on opposite sides and
respectively, meet at Then is the orthocentre. The F E
P
orthocentre lies outside the triangle for an obtuse angled triangle,
on the right angle for a right angled triangle and inside the triangle
for an acute angled triangle.
B D C
It can be shown that 90  C
(i) orthocentre (P), centroid (G) and circumcentre (O) are collinear and
(ii) etc.
(iii) etc.
(iv) etc.
(v) etc.
(vi) etc.
Properties of Pedal triangle ( )
(i) The circum radius of the pedal triangle is half of the given triangle.
(ii) etc.
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 394

(iii) etc.
(iv) The incentre of the Pedal triangle is the orthocentre of the triangle
(d) Incentre (I)
Incentre is the common point of intersection of the interior angle bisectors of a triangle.
Taking this point as the centre, we can draw a circle touching all the three sides of the triangle.
It is called the incircle and its radius is called the inradius, generally denoted by

etc.

etc.

A
Also,

Incentre always lies inside the triangle. It can be shown that

I
(i) etc. B C
H
(ii)
(iii)
(e) Excentres
The interior angle bisector of and the exterior angle bisectors of A
and (when and are produced) also meet at a single point
which is called the ex-centre opposite to angle With this point I
as center we can draw a circle touching the side sides and B C
produced. This circle is called the ex-circle opposite to angle and its
r1 I1
radius is called the ex-radius. Obviously, three ex-circles are
possible to a triangle.
We have the following relations.

Similar relations exist for and

Obviously ex-centres always lie outside the triangle. It can be shown that
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 395

(i) etc.

(ii) has its sides through and

(iii) is the Pedal triangle of

8. Distance between the Circumcentre and the Orthocentre :
If ‘ ’ is the circumcentre and ‘ ’ is the orthocenter then

9. Distance between the Circumcentre and the Incentre :

If ‘ ’ is the circumcentre and ‘ ’ is the Incentre then

10. Ptolemy’s Theorem :

In a cyclic quadrilateral

11. Area of a quadrilateral ()


D
Corollary I : c
C
If then the quadrilateral becomes a triangle. d
Corollary II : b
The quadrilateral whose sides are given, has therefore the greatest are
when it can be inscribed in a circle. A
a B
12. Regular Polygon :
Let be a regular polygon of sides each of length
A3
(a) Inscribed circle of a regular polygon of n sides : An O
Area  /n
r
Radius
A1 A2
(b) Circumscribed circle of a regular polygon of n sides :

Area O
An A3
R  /n R
Radius
A1 A2
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 396

13. m–n theorem A

If  

then


B m D n C
 Solution of Triangles
If three components of a triangle, at least one of which is a side, are given, then the process of calculating
its other three components is called the solution of triangle. If the three components given are the three
angles, infinitely many triangles with those angles are possible (similar triangles).
The following cases arise in solving a triangle :
1. Three sides given : Use cosine formulae or Half Angle formulae.
2. Two sides and the angle included between them given :
Use Napier’s formulae to get the difference of the other two angles e.g., and are given.

Then, gives
Also
Solving the two equations in and we will get the values of and Then ‘ can be
obtained by sine rule or projection formulae i.e.,

or
3. Two sides and the angle opposite to one of them are given e.g., & given. We can use the
following method to get and

From sine rule,

If then no triangle is possible.

B
If then

a c
and
If then two values of are possible, one acute and the other
obtuse. But still we will have to check whether both the values are
admissible or not. Consider the following cases : C b A
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 397

(i) is acute : Draw a line segment of length units (i.e. )

bc
and make angle at one of its extremities P
C
C
Now, to draw the side (length units) mark an arc of b
circle centred at with radius units on This arc will
cut the ray at two points if Hence two A c B
triangles with the specified parts are possible.

The two values of can be obtained by putting the two values of in

Then ‘ ’ can be obtained by sine rule or cosine rule or projection formulae.

If the arc will cut at only one point and

P C
obviously will be acute. Thus only one triangle is
possible in this case. a
b

A c B
bc

P
C
(ii) is 90° : Only one triangle is possible. Here has to be greater
b
than otherwise no triangle will be possible.

A c B

P
C
(iii) is obtuse : One triangle will be possible if Here
will be acute. b

A c B
4. One side and two angles given : e.g. given.

Then and

5. Three angles given : As told earlier, infinitely many triangles are possible in such case. Only the
ratio of sides can be determined with the help of sine rule.
i.e.,
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 398

Classroom Practice Paper

1. Given and find the angles.

2. Prove that

3. In any triangle prove that

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

4. If then prove that

5. If and is there any ambiguity?

6. If and solve the triangle.

7. Prove that

(i) (ii)

(iii) (iv)

(v) (vi)

8. The length of each side of a regular dodecagon is 20 cm; find (1) the radius of its inscribed circle,
(2) the radius of its circumscribing circle, and (3) its area.
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 399

SOLVED SUBJECTIVE PROBLEMS

Example 1 In a if a then prove that the triangle is isosceles.

Solution Given

or

or

or

But

or or

i.e., the triangle is an isosceles

Example 2 If be the altitudes of a triangle from the vertices respectively
and be the area of the triangle prove that,

Solution
A

c b
p1
Similarly, and
B C
D
Now L.H.S a
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 400

R.H.S

Example 3 If in a triangle

then find the angle

Solution We have

Example 4 The sides of a triangle are three consecutive natural numbers and its largest angle is twice
the smallest one. Determine the sides of the triangle.
Solution Let the sides be and where and is a natural number. Let the smallest
angle be
i.e. A

2
applying sine rule in triangle we get,
x x1

180 3 
B C
x2
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 401

From (i) and (ii),

or, … (i)

From (i) and (iii), we get

or,

or,

or,

or,

or, (from (i))

or,

or,

or, or, or, or

but as
Hence the sides are 4, 5 and 6.
Example 5 In a triangle prove that

Solution Here terms on L.H.S. are symmetric

Now First term of L.H.S.

 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 402

Similarly, 2nd term

and 3rd term

Now L.H.S.

R.H.S.

Example 6 The median of a triangle is perpendicular to prove that

Solution Since is the median
A
90 A90

90 B
B C
D
From Figure,
Now, applying rule in triangle we get

or,

or,

or,

Example 7 If in a triangle

show that
Solution We have,
from the given relation

… (i)
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 403

… (ii)

from (i)

and
or (by (ii))
By sine Law,

Example 8 In usual notation, if prove that the triangle is right angled.

Solution Given,

or,

or,

or,

or,

or,

or,

or,

or,

or, or, triangle is right angled

 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 404

Example 9 Prove that the radius of the circle passing through the center of the inscribed circle of the
triangle and through the end point of the base is
A
Solution Let be the center of the inscribed circle of triangle We have
drawn another circle passing through and Suppose that the
radius of this circle is We have to find Applying sine rule in
triangle we get,
O

B C
O
… (i)

Now, since is the center of the inscribed circle, hence and are bisectors of
angles and respectively.

i.e. and

Substituting this value in (i), we get

Example 10 Three circles touch one another externally. The tangents at their points of contact meet at a
point whose distance from the point of contact is 4. Find the ratio of the product of the
radii to the sum of the radii of the circles.
Solution Let the centers of the circles be and and their radii be
C1 a c C3
and respectively. Let the circles touch one another at
R
and Let the tangents at their points of contact meet at a c
P O Q
Since and are two tangents from to the circle they b b
are equal i.e., C2

Similarly,
Also

and are perpendicular distances of from the sides of

Hence, or or are the in-radii of

Let
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 405

From question and we have to find the value of

Now, where Semi-perimeter of

and area of

Now,

and

or,

Example 11 Perpendiculars and drawn from the vertices of an acute angled triangle on the
opposite sides, and produced to meet the circumcircle of the triangle. If these produced
parts be respectively, show that

Solution Let be the perpendicular from on When is produced, it meets the

circumscribing circle at From question,
Since angles in the same segments are equal, A

and
From right angled triangle B D C
CB
… (i) E

From right angled triangle

… (ii)
adding (i) and (ii) we get,

… (iii)
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 406

similarly, … (iv)

and … (v)

adding (iii), (iv) and (v)

Example 12 If denotes the area of any triangle and its semi perimeter, prove that

Solution Let be the sides of the triangle

clearly, and so

will be positive
For positive quantities,
A.M. G.M.

or,

or, [ ]

or, [ both and are positive, squaring will not affect the inequality]

i.e.
[Note : The indication for the use of the property A.M. G.M. is obtained from the fact
that i.e. the product of is involved which
can be obtained through G.M.].

Example 13 If the two angles of a triangle are 30° and 45° and the included side is cm, then

show that the area of the triangle is sq. cm.

Solution Let
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 407

so that … (i)
C
Also

30 45
A B
or

by (i) … (ii)

By sine formula,

(by (ii))

Example 14 In any triangle the sides are 6cm, 10cm and 14cm. Show that the triangle is obtuse-
angled with the obtuse angle equal to 120°.
Solution Let The largest angle is opposite the largest side. Hence

Alternative :

Example 15 Two sides of a triangle are and units, and their included angle is 60°. Solve
the triangle.
Solution Let

Also
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 408

Alternative :

Example 16 If and are given in a triangle and are the possible values of the third side,
prove that

Solution

and
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 409

SOLVED OBJECTIVE PROBLEMS

Example 1 If the area of a be then is equal to

(a) (b) (c) (d) None of these
Solution b

(b)
Example 2 If then is equal to
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Solution d

(d)

Example 3 If then the is

(a) isosceles (b) equilateral (c) right angled (d) None of these
Solution c
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 410

But Therefore,
(c)
Example 4 Three equal circles each of radius touch one another. The radius of the circle touching
all the three given circles is

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Solution b
is equilateral with side if radius of circum circle is

then Area of
r r
 E
r r
r r
F

Radius of the circle touching all the three given circles

(b)
Example 5 If in a

then triangle is

(a) right angled (b) equilateral

(c) isosceles (d) isosceles right angled
Solution d
We have
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 411

which is possible only when

&

&
then
Hence is an isosceles right angled triangle.
(d)
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 412

EXERCISE – I

AIEEE-SINGLE CHOICE CORRECT

1. In a if then the angle is

(a) 30° (b) 60° (c) 75° (d) None of these

2. In a then the value of is

(a) 2 (b) (c) 1 (d) 3

3. In a if then the value of is
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) (d) 3
4. If the angles of a are in A.P., then
(a) (b) (c) (d) None of these

5. If in a then is equal to

(a) (b) (c) (d)

6. If two sides of a are and the angle opposite to the shorter side is 45°, then the third side
is
(a) (b) (c) (d) None of these
7. In a triangle with one angle of 120°, the length of the sides from an A.P. If the length of the greatest
side is 7cm, the area of the triangle is

(a) (b) (c) (d)

8. In is equal to

(a) (b) (c) (d)

9. The area of the circle and the area of a regular polygon of sides and of equal perimeter are in the
ratio of
(a) (b) (c) (d)

10. In any is always greater than

(a) 9 (b) 3 (c) 27 (d) None of these

 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 413

11. In the value of is

(a) (b) (c) (d) 0

12. In the sides of the triangle

(a) are in A.P. (b) are in G.P. (c) are in H.P. (d) satisfy
13. In a triangle, the lengths of the two larger sides are 10 and 9 respectively. If the angles are in A.P.,
then the length of third side can be
(a) (b) (c) 5 (d)

14. In perimeter and circum radius. Then is equal to

(a) (b)
(c) (d) None of these
15. In the perimeter and the ex-radii are and Then is equal to
(a) (b) (c) (d)
16. The radius of the in-circle of a triangle whose sides are 18, 24 and 30 cms is
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 9
17. In an equilateral triangle, the in-radius circumradius and one of the ex-radii are in the ratio
(a) (b) (c) (d)
18. If the radius of the circum-circle of an isosceles triangle is equal to then the
angle is
(a) (b) (c) (d)
19. In a right-angled triangle the hypotenuse is times the length of perpendicular drawn from the
opposite vertex on the hypotenuse. Then the other two angles are
(a) (b) (c) (d)
20. In a triangle if then
(a) (b) (c) (d)

21. In and the measure of is

(a) (b) (c) (d) None of these
22. If the bisector of angle of triangle makes an angle with then is equal to

(a) (b) (c) (d)

 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 414

23. If the angles and of a triangle are in A.P. and the sides are in G.P., then
are in
(a) G.P. (b) A.P. (c) H.P. (d) None of these
24. The perimeter of a triangle is 6 times the arithmetic means of the sine’s of its angles. If the
side is 1, then the angle is

(a) (b) (c) (d)

25. Which of the following pieces of data does NOT uniquely determine an acute–angled triangle
( being the radius of the circumcircle)?
(a) (b) (c) (d)
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 415

EXERCISE – II

IIT-JEE SINGLE CHOICE CORRECT

1. In a triangle and then is a root of the equation

(a) (b) (c) (d)

2. The number of triangles that can be formed with and is

(a) 3 (b) 2 (c) 1 (d) 0

3. In any triangle must be equal to
(a) (b) (c) (d)
4. In triangle the value of the expression is always equal
to
(a) (b) (c) (d) none

5. In triangle If be the exradii of the triangle then are in

(a) AP (b) GP (c) HP (d) none

6. In any triangle is equal to

(a) (b) (c) (d) None of these

7. Let be a quadrilateral with area 18, with side parallel to the side and
Let be perpendicular to and If a circle is drawn inside the quadrilateral
touching all the sides, then its radius is
(a) 3 (b) 2 (c) (d) 1
8. A polygon of nine sides, each of length 2, is inscribed in a circle. The radius of the circle is

(a) (b) (c) (d)

9. Let be a regular hexagon inscribed in a circle of unit radius. Then the product of the
lengths of the line segments and is
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 416

(a) (b) (c) 3 (d)

10. In triangle If and are roots of the equations

then
(a) (b) (d) (d)

11. In a if and the side then area of the triangle is

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) (d)

12. A circle is inscribed in an equilateral triangle of a side The area of any square inscribed in this
circle is
(a) (b) (c) (d)
13. In a triangle angle is greater than angle If the measures of angles and satisfy the
equation then the measure of angle is

(a) (b) (c) (d)

14. If in then must be

(a) (b) (c) (d) None of these

15. If in a triangle, are in H.P. then are in

(a) H.P. (b) G.P. (c) A.P. (d) None of these

16. If in a triangle, orthocenter is mid-point of altitude then must be equal to
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
17. In a triangle, is same as
(a) area of the triangle (b) twice the area of the triangle
(c) four times the area of the triangle (d) None of these
18. Given an isosceles triangle, whose one angle is 120° and radius of its incircle Then the area
of the triangle in sq. units is
(a) (b) (c) (d)

19. In a triangle
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 417

(a) (b)
(c) (d)

20. In a triangle let If is the inradius and is the circumradius of the triangle, then

is equal to
(a) (b) (c) (d)
21. A pole stands vertically inside a triangular park It the angle of elevation of the top of the pole
from each corner of the park is same, then in the foot of the pole is at the
(a) centroid (b) circumcentre
(c) incentre (d) orthocentre
22. If the angles of a triangle are in the ratio then the ratio of the longest side to the perimeter is
(a) (b)

(c) (d)
23. The sides of a triangle are in the ratio then the angles of the triangle are in the ratio
(a) (b) (c) (d)
24. In an equilateral triangle, 3 coins of radii 1 unit each are kept so that they touch each other and also
the sides of the triangle then area of the triangle is
(a) (b)

(c) (d)

25. In are the lengths of its sides and are the angles of triangle The
correct relation is given by

(a) (b)

(c) (d)
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 418

EXERCISE – III

MORE THAN ONE CHOICE CORRECT

1. If in a triangle then

(a) (b)

(c) (d)

2. In a triangle, the length of the two larger sides are 10 and 9, respectively. If the angles are in A.P.,
the length of the third side can be
(a) (b) (c) 5 (d)
3. There exists a triangle satisfying
(a)

(b)

(c) and

(d)

4. In a triangle the length of the bisector of angle is

(a) (b)

(c) (d)

5. If then in

(a) (b) (c) (d)

6. For the value of is

(a) (b) maximum value is

(c) (d) None of these

 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 419

7. In a and are the roots of the equation where and are

the sides of the Then we must have

(a) (b)

(c) (d) None of these

8. If in a and satisfy the inequation is then
(a) (b) (c) (d) All of these
9. In a median then area of must be

(a) (b) (c) (d)

10. If in a triangle are in A.P. and are the altitudes from the
vertices respectively, then
(a) are in A.P. (b) are in H.P.
(c) are in H.P. (d) are in A.P.
11. If are the sides of the and are the roots of then

(a) (b)

(c) (d)

12. If is the orthocenter of triangle then is equal to

(a) (b) (c) (d)

13. In a triangle then the triangle is

(a) equilateral (b) isosceles (c) right angled (d) obtuse angled

14. In a Then

(a) (b)

(c) are in A.P. (d)

15. In a Then
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 420

EXERCISE – IV

MATCH THE FOLLOWING

Note : Each statement in column – I has one or more than one match in column – II
1.

Column – I Column – II
I. If the sines of the angles and of a triangle satisfy
A. right angled
the equation the triangle can be

II. If one angle of a triangle is 30° and the lengths of the sides
B. isosceles
adjacent to it are 40 and the triangle can be

III. If the angles of a triangle satisfy the equation

C. equilateral
then the triangle can be

IV. In a triangle then the

D. obtuse angled
triangle can be

Note : Each statement in column – I has only one match in column – II

2.

Column – I Column – II
I. If the angles of a are in A.P. and sides be in G.P.,
A. H.P.
then are in

II. If are in H.P., then are

B. A.P.
in

III. The sides of a triangle are in A.P. and its area th of an

C. 19 : 16 : 5
equilateral triangle of same perimeter, then sides are in the
ratio

IV. In a if then is D. 3:5:7

E. G.P.
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 421

Note : Each statement in column – I has only one match in column – II

3.

Column – I Column – II
I. A.

II. B.

III. C.

IV. D.

E.
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 422

ASSERTION AND REASON TYPE

Direction : Read the following questions and choose :

(A) If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(B) If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not correct explanation of the Assertion.
(C) If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(D) If Assertion is false but Reason is true.

1. Assertion : If in a triangle, then

Reason : If then
(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D
2. Assertion : If in triangle then one of the angles must be 90°.
Reason : In any triangle
(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D

3. Assertion : In any triangle,

Reason : In any triangle,

(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D

4. Assertion : In any triangle square of the length of the bisector is

Reason : In any triangle length of bisector

(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D

5. Assertion : If in a triangle, then must be in A.P.

Reason :

(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D

 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 423

PASSAGE BASED PROBLEMS

At times the methods of co-ordinates becomes effective in solving problems of properties of

triangles. We may choose one vertex of the triangle as origin and one side passing through this
vertex as x-axis. Thus, without loss of generality, we can assume that every triangle has a
vertex situated at vertex at and as

1. If in medians and are perpendicular, then area of triangle

must be equal to
(a) (b) (c) (d) None of these

2. Suppose the bisector of the interior angle of divides side into segments
Then we must have
(a) and (b) and
(c) and (d) None of these

3. If altitudes and divides such that then must be

(a) (b) (c) (d)

 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 424

EXERCISE –V

SUBJECTIVE PROBLEMS

1. Prove that

2. If are in A.P., prove that and are also in A.P.

3. If and are respectively the areas of the inscribed and escribed circles, prove that

4. With usual notations, if in a triangle

then prove that

5. In and are two values of side in the ambiguous case. Show that

6. The two adjacent sides of a cyclic quadrilateral are 2 and 5 and the angle between them is 60°. If the
area of quadrilateral is find the remaining two sides.
7. If are lengths of the altitudes of a prove that
where is the area of the
8. In a triangle let be any point of the base such that
and Prove that
(i) and

(ii)

9. In a triangle prove that

10. In a prove that

 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 425

11. In a triangle prove that

(i)
(ii)

(iii)

12. If in a triangle prove that or

 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 426

ANSWER TO CLASSROOM PRACTICE PAPER

1. 60°, 45°, and 75°

5. There is no triangle
6. and and
8. 37.32…cm, 38.637…cm, 4478.46…sq. cm.
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 427

ANSWERS

EXERCISE – I

AIEEE-SINGLE CHOICE CORRECT

1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (b)

6. (b) 7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (a) 10. (c)

11. (d) 12. (a) 13. (d) 14. (a) 15. (a)

16. (c) 17. (b) 18. (d) 19. (c) 20. (a)

21. (b) 22. (a) 23. (b) 24. (a) 25. (d)

EXERCISE – II

IIT-JEE SINGLE CHOICE CORRECT

1. (d) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (c)

6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (c) 10. (a)

11. (d) 12. (b) 13. (c) 14. (d) 15. (c)

16. (b) 17. (c) 18. (c) 19. (b) 20. (a)

21. (b) 22. (a) 23. (d) 24. (b) 25. (b)

EXERCISE – III

MORE THAN ONE CHOICE CORRECT

1. (c, d) 2. (a, d) 3. (c, d) 4. (b, c) 5. (a, d)

6. (a, b) 7. (a, b, c) 8. (a, c) 9. (b, c) 10. (b, d)

11. (a, b, c, d) 12. (a, c) 13. (b, c) 14. (a, c) 15. (a, c)
 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 428

EXERCISE – IV

MATCH THE FOLLOWING

1.
2.
3.

ASSERTION AND REASON TYPE

1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (d)

PASSAGE BASED PROBLEMS

1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (d)

EXERCISE – V

SUBJECTIVE PROBLEMS

6. 2 and 3