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In previous episodes in this series we have begun exploring the fascinating world
of the islamicut occult sciences, we have been given an introduction to the topic,
we have explored the world of talismanic magic, we have looked into astrology in
the early islamic world and we will eventually also dive into books like the
famous.
"Ghayati Hakim or The Pikatrix". And it's latin title.
But the most famous or should I say infamous book of occult sciences in the history
of the Islamic and Arabic. Speaking world is probably the mysterious work entitled
" The Shams al-Ma'arif / The Syamsul Ma'arif ". Or the son of knowledge a book that
is revered by some as a useful book for spiritual practices and esotericism but by
others it is feared as the most dangerous book in the world. A cursed book that
just owning a copy of this book will bring on evill forces or Jinn. That will mess
up your life.
So what is this book, who wrote it and what kind of things do we find in it??
The Syamsul Ma'arif is probably the most famous occult book in all of the Arab and
Islamic world. It is a big text and indeed it is a kind of Encyclopedia of all
kinds of occult practices that have been common in the Islamic world historically.
It covers everything from talismans and amulets to. How to construct them theories
of the science of Arabic letters and their magical powers, magic squares, how to
summon Jinn and much else
The book is attributed to the 13th century figure Ahmad al-buni. Often popularly
described as a magician and as the source for much of these sciences. But when we
explore this figure and the history of the text itself we find that things are a
bit different from how they are usually potrayed little is know about Ahmad al-
buni's life. His full name seems to have been Abu Abbas Ahmad IBN Ali IBN Yusuf al
qureshi al-buni. And he probably lived from the late 12th century to the mid 13th.
Although his year death is disputed as we will see the name or nispah. Al-buni
suggest that he originated from the city Buna which is in modern day Algeria and
the sources we have indicate the same thing that he came from and spent most of his
life in North Africa
He is primarily associated with Egypt. After all this places him in a very
interesting and significant time and place. He was a contemporary of the very
famous sufi figure Muhyddin IBN al-arabi (d. 1240) and came from roughly the same
region indeed al-buni was a sufi. And he was known throughout his life primarily as
a sufi teacher and not as anything like a magician or something like that.
Furthermore in one of his writings al-buni says that one of his own sufi sheikhs or
masters was Abdul al-aziz al-mahdawi (d. 1224) who led a Sufi Center in the city of
Tunis. And who was also one of the primary masters of IBN Arabi further connecting
the two figures this becomes even more interesting as we find many similarities
between the teachings of IBN Arabi and al-buni like the theories about the science
of letters and certain cosmological and metaphysical principles. And this is
important we should look at Ahmad al-buni as a sufi master who came specifically
from the heavily speculative sufi culture of the maghreb which is western North
Africa and Al-Andalus
This region was ripe with sufism but it was a sufism that was to generalize more
theoretical. More concerned with metaphysical and cosmological speculation on top
of these spiritual practices and psychological transformation associated with
sufism more so in the east you could say
This is an environment that brought great mystics with a speculative philosophical
quote - unquote band like
IBN Arabi (d.1240)
IBN Sab'in (d. 1270)
IBN Barrajan (d. 1141) and indeed
Ahmad al-buni (d. 1225). Himself we do in fact find many similar ideas in these
writers because importantly all sources indicate that Ahmad al-buni later in his
life became seen particularly as a great and revered sufi teacher and master who
led a group of disciples or students primarily in Cairo Egypt. They would have
performed.