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    Aramaic Language Grammar

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    Andrés López Castro
    The document provides an overview of key differences between Biblical Hebrew and Biblical Aramaic grammar. While the two languages share many common words and roots, Aramaic plurals and constructs look very different. Gender is indicated through different singular and plural forms. Verb stems in Aramaic that indicate voice and intensity have different names than in Hebrew due to different vowel pointing and prefixes. The key demonstrative pronouns and use of the word yD1 as a relative pronoun/conjunction are also outlined.

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    Aramaic Language Grammar

    Uploaded by

    Andrés López Castro
    85 views2 pages
    The document provides an overview of key differences between Biblical Hebrew and Biblical Aramaic grammar. While the two languages share many common words and roots, Aramaic plurals and constructs look very different. Gender is indicated through different singular and plural forms. Verb stems in Aramaic that indicate voice and intensity have different names than in Hebrew due to different vowel pointing and prefixes. The key demonstrative pronouns and use of the word yD1 as a relative pronoun/conjunction are also outlined.

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    The document provides an overview of key differences between Biblical Hebrew and Biblical Aramaic grammar. While the two languages share many common words and roots, Aramaic plurals and constructs look very different. Gender is indicated through different singular and plural forms. Verb stems in Aramaic that indicate voice and intensity have different names than in Hebrew due to different vowel pointing and prefixes. The key demonstrative pronouns and use of the word yD1 as a relative pronoun/conjunction are also outlined.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    85 views2 pages

    Aramaic Language Grammar

    Uploaded by

    Andrés López Castro
    The document provides an overview of key differences between Biblical Hebrew and Biblical Aramaic grammar. While the two languages share many common words and roots, Aramaic plurals and constructs look very different. Gender is indicated through different singular and plural forms. Verb stems in Aramaic that indicate voice and intensity have different names than in Hebrew due to different vowel pointing and prefixes. The key demonstrative pronouns and use of the word yD1 as a relative pronoun/conjunction are also outlined.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Daniel

    Christopher K. Lensch, S.T.M.


    Western Reformed Seminary (www.wrs.edu)

    Aramaic Language and Grammar

    Biblical Hebrew (BH) and Biblical Aramaic (BA) share many words in common, and more with
    slight differences in vocalization (vowel pointing) or in single letters.

    Hebrew Letter Often Replaced in Aramaic by Word Example


    z D bh6D6
    v T bWT

    While there are many common roots, plurals and constructs in BA look very different from BH.
    An emphatic form can represent the vocative (“O, King”) or definiteness (“the king”).

    Gender Singular Plural Sing. Construct Plural Construct


    Masc. ;l3m3 /yk1l4m5 ;l3m3 yk2l4m5
    Fem. hw6yj2 /w6yj2 tw5yj2 tw6yj2

    Singular Emphatic Plural Emphatic


    aK6l4m5 aY6k5l4m5
    at6w4yj2 at6w6yj2

    The word yD1 is used frequently. It stands in the place of rv3a9 and serves as a relative pronoun
    (who, that, which), a conjunction (so that, because…), and the sign of the genitive (of, from).
    The key demonstrative pronouns are

    Masc. Singular Fem. Singular Common Pl.


    Proximate: this hn6D4 aD6 hL3a2 /yL2a1
    Remote: that ;D2 ;D6 ;L2a1

    VERBS
    The Perfect and Imperfect tenses are found as expected.
    However, the derived stems that indicate voice and intensity, while still named after
    forms of the verb li5P6 , have different names because the stems are pointed differently than BH,
    and may have different prefixes.
    BA has no parallel forms to the BH Niphal or Pual.
    Statives will have variant vowel pointings as in BH.
    Stem Use BH Perfects BA Perfects
    Simple Active Qal Pe-al lf5q4
    Simple Passive Niphal Pe-il lyf1q4
    Simple Reflexive Hithpiel Hithpe-el lf2q4t4h1
    Intensive Piel Pa-el lF2q5
    Causative Hiphil Haphel lf2q4h5 Shaphel lf1q4v5 Aphel
    Causative Passive Hophal Hophal lf5q4h6
    Causative Reflexive X Hishtaphal lf5q4T5v4h1

    The simple (Pe-al) imperfect and imperative forms have a qibbuts in the second position of the
    root: bT7ky4 1 / bt7K4

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