TLE (AFA LIM) – Grade 9

Quarter 1 – Module 4.
Using Farm and Nursery Tools and Equipment
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Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad

Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Nympha B. Sabularse

Editor: Yveth Fulgueras Viacrusis
Reviewer: Dr. Niña S. Ciron
Illustrator: Recheel E. Salcedo
Layout Artist: Iluminada B. Sarsozo

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QUARTER 1
Module 4.
Using Farm and Nursery Tools and Equipment

Content Standard Performance Standard

The learner demonstrates The learner independently and

understanding on the proper use of properly utilized the farm and
farm and nursery tools and nursery tools and equipment in
equipment. landscaping activity.

Lesson 4 Using farm and nursery tools

and equipment

Introduction

This module will familiarize you with the different farm and nursery
tools and equipment. Knowledge, skills, and attitudes required in properly
using farm and nursery tools and equipment can also be found in this module,
as well as its selection, operation, and preventive maintenance.

LEARNING COMPETENCIES/OBJECTIVES

1. Select and use farm tools, implements, and equipment.

2. Perform preventive maintenance.

Definition of Terms

Hand tools- objects that are usually light and are used without the help of
animals and machines
Farm implements – accessories pulled by animals or mounted to
machineries to make the work easier

Equipment – powered tool machine used in farming

Repair – to restore something broken or damaged to good condition.
Prepare – to take the necessary action to put something into a state where it
is fit for use or for a particular event or purpose.
1
Direction: Read the questions/statements carefully and select the best
answer by writing the letter in your quiz notebook.

1. What do you call the hand tool that is used for digging smaller size of
hole?
a. Bolo
b. Crowbar
c. Grub hoe
d. Pruning shear
2. Which tool is used for cutting grasses?
a. Shovel
b. Bolo
c. Crowbar
d. Mattock
3. A tool with one end of its blade flattened and the other is pointed at
right angles to its handle is --------
a. Pick mattock
b. Crowbar
c. Bolo
d. Spade
4. Which tool does NOT belong to the group?
a. crowbar
b. mattock
c. shovel
d. pruning shear
5. This tool is used for digging canals, breaking hard topsoil and digging
up stones and tree stumps.
a. pick mattock
b. crowbar
c. bolo
d. spade
6. This tool resembles the appearance of spoon and is used for
transferring soil.
a. spade
b. shovel
c. spading fork
d. grub hoe
7. What implement in tilling the land is being pulled by a working
animal?
a. harrow
b. native plow
c. disc plow
d. disc harrow

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 8. What equipment in horticultural operations is used to draw water
from a source?
a. Sprinkler
b. Sprayer
c. Water pail
d. Water pump
9. A small cart used to transport things, usually in the form of an open
container with a single wheel in front and two handles at the back is
_______________.
a. Hand tractor
b. Tractor
c. Basket
d. Wheel barrow
10. This tool is used for cutting branches of planting materials and
unnecessary branches of plants.
a. Axe
b. Knife
c. Pruning shears
d. Light hoe

TRUE OR FALSE: Read and analyze each statement below. Write TRUE if the
statement is correct; FALSE if the statement is incorrect on the space provided
for.
_____1.The best way to use the stone is to find a way to stabilize the tool that
you want to work on.
_____2.Tools that are worn out should be separated and be fixed immediately
to avoid accident.
_____3. When sharpening, try to maintain the original factory bevel or angle.
_____4. Always push the file across the blade in a motion away from your
body.
_____5. Clean accumulated rust and dirt off all metal surfaces with a wire
brush.
_____6. Move the file diagonally, so that its cutting teeth are biting into the
metal on the tool.
_____7. Use medium-grit sandpaper to remove rust on larger tools such as
shovels, spades, and hoes.
_____8. When sharpening with a file, do not use oil; metal filings will
accumulate and clog the file's serrations.
_____9.Oil will help tools to work as intended and will prevent the formation
of rust.
____10. For pruners, use a whetstone because it produces a very sharp cutting
edge.

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 Read the Information Sheet 4.1 well. Then, find out how much you
can remember and how much you have learned by doing the Self-Check
4.1 and the different Practice tasks.

Information Sheet 4.1

Select and use farm tools, implements, and
equipment.
Farm tools, implements, and equipment play a very important role in
landscaping. Their presence makes your work much easier and faster.
However, even if you have the most sophisticated tools and implements, if you
do not know how to use them, they are useless. In order to do landscaping
activities successfully, you must have a good working knowledge of the tools,
implements and equipment before using them.

Hand Tools
Hand tools are usually light and are used without the help of animals
or machines. They are being used in performing farm activities which involve
small areas like school garden and home garden.

Here are some of the common hand tools used in landscaping.

1. Spade – used to perform service in

digging. This is also used in removing
trash, digging canals or ditches and for
mixing soil media.

2. Shovel – used for cleaning, removing

trash, digging loose soil, moving soil from
one place to another and for mixing soil
media.

3. Scoop – used for moving loose materials

such as crushed stone and soil.

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4. Garden (Spading) Fork – used for
turning over soil when it is not too hard
or compacted.
5. Manure Fork-Pitch Fork – best tool for
moving coarse lightweight materials
such as straw and wood chips.

6. Hoe – widely used for breaking soil prior

to planting.

7. Scuffle hoe – useful in weeding and

cultivation in planted beds.

8. Trowel – used to install bedding plants,

groundcovers and bulbs. It is also used
for loosening the soil around the
growing plants and putting small
amount of manure in the soil.

9. Leave Rake – very useful in places where

a lightweight spring rake is needed.

10. Hook and Blade Pruners – used to trim

tree and shrub twigs up to ½ inch in
diameter.

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 11. Double-Bit Axe – useful in tree removal
and for cutting up fallen timber. In
using this hand tool, please pay special
attention when swinging and cutting.

12. Hedge Shears – prunes shrubs grown

closely spaced as hedges.

13. Loppers or Lopping Shears – used to

trim tree and shrub twigs from 1 inch
to 1 ½ inch in diameter.

14. Pruning Saw- used to trim tree and

shrub twigs 1 inch or more in
diameter.

15. Sling Blade – removes annual weeds by

cutting them off at ground level

16. Wheelbarrow – It can be used for a

multiple of functions.

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17. Hand Cultivator – is used for
cultivating the garden plot by loosening
the soil and removing young weeds
around the plant.

18. Hand fork – is for inter row cultivation

19. Bolo – is used for cutting of grasses and

weeds, loosening and pulverizing the
soil, digging small holes for planting
and posts.

20. Crowbar – is used for digging big holes

and for digging out big stones and
stumps.

21. Pick-mattock – is used for digging

canals, breaking hard topsoil, and
pulverizing soil.

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 22. Axe – is for cutting bigger size post.

23. Rake – is used for cleaning the

ground and leveling the topsoil.

Other materials, tools and equipment

1. Water pails – for hauling water, manure,

and fertilizers

2. Sprinklers – for watering seedlings and

young plants

3. Sprayers – for spraying insecticides, foliar fertilizers, fungicides and

herbicides

Trigger sprayer
Knapsack sprayer Power sprayer

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Practice task 4.1

Given the hand tools and other materials below, you are ask to identify
its name, classification, and function by completing the table below.

TOOLS NAME USES

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 SELF CHECK 4.1
Multiple Choices
Instruction: Read the questions/statements carefully and select the best
answer by writing only the letter in your quiz notebook.

1. What do you call that hand tool that is used for digging smaller size of
hole?
e. Bolo
f. Crowbar
g. Grub hoe
h. Pruning shear

2. Which tool is used for cutting grasses?

10
 e. Shovel
f. Bolo
g. Crowbar
h. Mattock
3. A tool with one end of its blade flattened and the other is pointed at
right angles to its handle is --------
e. Pick mattock
f. Crowbar
g. Bolo
h. Spade
4. Which tool does NOT belong to the group?
a. crowbar
b. mattock
c. shovel
d. pruning shear
5. This tool is used for digging canals, breaking hard topsoil, and for
digging up stones and tree stumps.
a. pick mattock
b. crowbar
c. bolo
d. spade
6. This tool resembles the appearance of spoon and is used for
transferring soil
a. spade
b. shovel
c. spading fork
d. grub hoe
7. What implement in tilling the land is being pulled by a working
animal?
a. harrow
b. native plow
c. disc plow
d. disc harrow
2. An implement mounted to a tractor used to pulverize the newly
plowed soil.
a. Trailer
b. Disk harrow
c. Native plow
d. Disc plow
3. What equipment in landscaping is used to draw water from a source?
a. Sprinkler
b. Sprayer
c. Water pail
d. Water pump
4. A small cart used to transport things, usually in the form of an open
container with a single wheel in front and two handles at the back is
_____________.

11
 a. Hand tractor
b. Tractor
c. Basket
d. Wheel barrow
5. This tool is used for cutting branches of planting materials and
unnecessary branches of plants.
a. Axe
b. Knife
c. Pruning shears
d. Light hoe

Information Sheet 4.2

PERFORM PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

Learning Objectives
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:
Clean tools and equipment.
2. Perform routine check-up and maintenance.
3. Store farm tools in designated areas in line with farm procedures.

Read the Information Sheet 4.2 well. Then, find out how much you can
remember and how much you learned by doing the Self-check 4.2

Imagine that the long, hot summer vacation has finally come to an end.
It’s the beginning of the school year and you are already prepared to start
working on your landscaping project. But, before doing so, let us first check
the tools, implements, and equipment you are going to use.

Garbed with your working clothes and personal protective equipment

(PPE), proceed to the shop to retrieve your tools. Once you have the tools, start
clearing away the last remnants of summer and begin breaking the soil for a
new year. Imagine your frustration as you start pulling out all of your tools.
All are already covered with hardened rust and dirt; crusty globs of oil that
have collected dust last vacation. It seems that you are going to spend more
time cleaning and repairing the tools on this nice day than you will actually
use them.

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How to Clean Your Garden Tools:

Let’s start with the basics. Your shovel, spade, hoe, or even the blades
on a hedge trimmer will be a lot easier to use if you take a few minutes to
knock some of the rust off the blade. Not only will this extend the life of the
tool, but also it will cut through the soil better. Thus, require less effort to use
if it has a nice sharp blade. It is a good idea to keep a large whetstone in your
shop. A whetstone is an ideal tool to use to keep all of the cutting edges of
your garden tools honed. It will work well on your shovel, as well as to other
common garden tools.

The best way to use the stone is to find a way to stabilize the tool that
you want to work on. A bench vise is ideal. You will be able to clamp the tool
into place at an angle, so you can work on it. Clamping the garden tool into
place with a vise frees up both of your hands to use the whetstone and gives
you more control over what you are doing.

Apply a little bit of lubricating oil to the end of the tool and carefully
begin to work the stone over the blade. Maintain a 30-degree angle between
the stone and the blade to form the ideal cutting edge for your tool. Not only
the edge will become sharper, but you will also be removing any pitting and
rust that has formed at the edge of your tool’s blade.

In instances where the moving parts of

your garden tools (such as with of any new
pruners, shears, and loppers) have frozen in places
like springs and pivot joints, you should
disassemble them first. Then, carefully break free
any rust or dirt that may keep the tool from
functioning properly. Clean accumulated rust and
dirt off all metal surfaces with a wire brush.
Remove stubborn rust from small tools with fine
steel wool. Using an old toothbrush with some lightweight lubricating oil is a
great way to work fresh oil into the joints of most garden tools. Not only this
fresh oil will help your tool to work as it was intended, but will also prevent
the formation of rust. Use medium-grit sandpaper to remove rust on larger
tools such as shovels, spades, and hoes.

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 Once your tools are cleaned, they're ready to
be sharpened. When sharpening, try to maintain
the original factory bevel or angle. For pruners,
use a whetstone because it produces a very sharp
cutting edge. Depending on the type of whetstone,
apply a few drops of oil or water to the stone. With
the beveled side of the blade against the stone, rub
the sharp edge of the blade toward the stone in a
curved motion, as if you were trying to shave off a
thin slice from the stone.

When working with a file, stabilize the blades in a vise or against a solid
surface such as a work bench to avoid injury and ensure an even stroke.
Always push the file across the blade in a motion away from your body. Move
the file diagonally, so that its cutting teeth are biting into the metal on the
tool. When sharpening with a file, do not use oil; metal filings will accumulate
and clog the file's serrations.

Farm implements like ordinary plow and

wooden harrow should be checked thoroughly before
use. Loosened bolts and nuts should be tightened
firmly. Disc plow and harrow should also be
lubricated on their moving parts like bearings.
Tractors should be tuned-up very well by skilled
operator. Check on their oil, lubricant, fuel and
cooling system.

Tools that are worn out should be separated and be fixed

immediately to avoid accident.
Upkeep of Equipment

Keep a detailed service record. Scheduled service intervals are usually

found in the owner's manual, but many tractors do not get enough use
to reach the hour requirements for oil changes, etc., so these services
may be done on an annual basis instead.
When lubricating grease fittings, it is best practice to lubricate in both
the loaded and unloaded positions, as the grease will only press into
the unloaded space in either position. Greasing in both positions will
provide a better complete lubrication.
The battery in this tractor has little protection, so it should be checked
often.
Always allow tractors, especially diesel engine tractors, to warm up
when cranked after a long period of non-use. Never over rev the engine
when it is first started. Hydraulic lifters, hydraulic pumps, and oil

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 pumps may drain down while the tractor is not in use and damage can
occur to these components.
Check lug nuts. The lug nuts on the large back wheels are prone to
work loose if not torqued properly.
The rear wheel has a tapered hub, so reversing the wheel brings the tire
in toward the tractor's center.

Learn to reverse the wheels if you use the tractor for field operations that
require different wheel width settings. Some equipment, such as bottom plows
or mowers work better with a narrow wheel width. Where for planting and
cultivating crops, you may need the wheels set out to the widest width.

Maintaining Farm Facility

The most common facility we have is nursery shed or greenhouse. It

must be thoroughly cleaned and organized. Users are required to help in the
general cleaning to maintain safe, sanitary, and orderly work environment.

General housekeeping requirements for users are:

o clean worktables and/ potting benches
o clean floors and benches during and after work
o use compost and trash cans
o replace lids to avoid insect and growth of bacteria
o clean sinks after each use and limit the amount of soil going down
drains
In cooperation with the users, the staff should:
o wash and/or sweep floors of greenhouses and potting areas at
least once per week
o empty trash and compost cans regularly
o sanitize and disinfect work areas as the need arises
o empty bottles or containers of chemicals and other unusable
materials should be disposed properly following the practice of
waste management act

For productive, cost-efficient, and effective farm facilities, here are some
activities you can immediately implement:

o Schedule a regular clean up at least twice a year. This is also the

time to undertake a general inspection on machines and equipment.
The activities include removing all cobwebs, thorough scrubbing of the
ceiling, walls, and floor, and cleaning of machines. Segregate
unserviceable tools, implements, and equipment that are beyond repair
from those that can be repaired.
o Schedule clean-up activities twice a month, including wiping lighting
fixtures and windows, scrubbing of rest rooms, cleaning and oiling of
metal parts of farm tools, and placing lubricants to the moving parts of

15
 machines. Repair defective tools, implements and equipment as soon
as possible.
o For regular clean-up chores, give workers about five minutes daily
to tidy the work station, including the tools, farm implements,
machine and equipment they use before they go home. This motivates
the next workers (if they you operate in shifts) to start work
immediately. Besides, this is a subtle way of developing in them the
housekeeping routine.
o Cultivate the habit of collecting waste even before it touches the
floor. Provide a sack or bag in one or two corners of the workplace
where you can throw your garbage. At the end of the day, your workers
can just put their wastes in the designated places for disposal at the
scheduled day and time.

Simple Repair and Modification of Tools and Implements

“Simple garden tools are simple to repair”. Spend a little time checking
your garden tools for things to fix and recycle.

To replace a tool handle:

1. Clamp the tool blade in a bench vise.
2. Remove the handle from the hasp using a drill, hammer, or other tools
as needed.
3. Insert the new handle into the hasp.
4. Tighten the handle in the hasp using fasteners. Use a screw and
screwdriver to firmly attach the handle to the tool head.

To fix a leaky hose:

1. Cut through the hose on either side of the bad section using a sharp
knife.
2. Attach male and female hose couplings to the cut ends, following the
directions that come with the couplings. If the new hose fittings don't
slide in easily, try softening the ends of the hose in hot water or
lubricating them with soap or cooking oil.
To fix a broken tooth of rake/fork:

16
 Bring this to the shop and weld the broken portion of the tools. Do the
same with the other tools and implement that need welding. For farm
machineries that need repair, contact expert mechanics to the job.

Sharpening of Tools

Hoes, forks, shears, and spades become blunt and need to be

sharpened. Use a file or sharpening steel. Sharpen the upper surface, then
rub over with an oily rag.

Procedure:

Step 1: Tighten the pivot nut. Before

sharpening, check the pivot nut. It could be
loose, making the blades drift apart while
cutting and tearing the twig instead of cutting it
clean. The nut should be snug with no play in
the pivot. With the nut tightened, check the
tool; if it cuts cleanly, it doesn't need
sharpening. If it still cuts poorly, look down
each blade to make sure it's not bent. If a blade
is slightly bent, loosen the pivot nut and
separate the blades. To straighten the blade,
put it in a vise, slip on some thick leather gloves, and tweak it until it's
straight.

Step 2: File the edge to expose clean metal Clamp

the blade firmly in a vise. Examine the factory
edge. Hold the file with both hands and mimic
the direction of the bevel like a golfer taking a
practice putt. Now move the file in one broad
stroke away from you along the entire cutting
angle. To reiterate, move the file in one direction
away from you. Don't use small, jerky strokes or
you'll lose the factory edge. As you work, you can
see the clean metal path left by the file. Adjust
your angle as needed to file the entire edge evenly. Repeat this motion several
times until you expose clean metal over the whole edge. Usually it'll take only
about 10 strokes. Do the same with the other blade.

17
 Step 3: Sand the back side of the blade. Place a
sheet of 300-grit wet/dry sandpaper on a
smooth, flat piece of plywood. You'll be able to
feel the burrs (be careful—they're sharp) on the
back side of each blade caused by the filing
action. To remove them, lightly sand the back
side of the blade. Keep the blade flat and move it
in a circular motion. After making several circles,
pick up the blade and gently feel the edge. When
the burrs left by the file disappear, assemble the
blades and lightly oil the moving parts with 3-In-One oil.

Installation of Preventive Structure

It has been observed that as we go on with our landscaping project,

we always experience the occurrence of inclement weather. Before it is too
late, think of anything that you can do to safeguard your crops, tools and
other facilities. We should not only focus our attention for occurrence of
inclement weather, but also consider other elements that may cause loss or
damage to our property (ex. astray animals, fire and thieves).

Let’s take a look into our facilities such as; nursery shed, storage
house, and farm shops. Examine their physical conditions (roofing, sidings,
or floorings). Can they survive any disaster that may occur? Are the things
inside safe? If not, what preventive structures should it undertake?

Below is a table indicating the facilities physical conditions, possible

calamities or disaster that may occur and the suggested preventive structures
or contingency measures to be undertaken.

Physical Calamities/ Suggested preventive/

Facilities
conditions Disaster Contingency measure
Nursery Weak posts typhoon Put braces
Shed
Storage Leaking roofing Heavy rains Put water sealant
barn (vulcaseal)
Farm shop Unsafe windows Thief/burglars Put grills and heavy
and doors duty padlocks
Fires Provide fire hydrants
Or call fire department
Run off Construct drainage
canal
Vicinity Dilapidated Astray animal Reconstruct fence
fence

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Prepare Farm Facilities for Storage:
After a quite long time, landscaping operations finally come to an end.
This time we have to check the tools, implements, and equipment we used
and prepare them for storage.
Regarding the preparation of garden tools for long storage, you can adopt
some of the practices mentioned below:
o Begin by gathering all hand tools and removing any dirt or rust with a
wire brush, steel wool or light sandpaper. An old pro’s tip is to keep a
galvanized tub with sand and waste oil to clean tools in.
o By inserting the shovels, spades, and forks into the mixture and moving
them up and down. They get a good scrubbing with the abrasive sand,
as well as a coat of lubricant.
o Sharpen the tools using a file that is made specifically for this task.
Remember to move the file in one direction only and at a 45 degree
angle.
o Sand wooden handles with sandpaper and follow up with a coat of paste
wax or linseed oil if necessary.
o Spray all metal parts with a good coat of lubricating oil. This will
discourage rust as your tools are stored in your tool shed or garage.
o Store your tools up off the ground and in a dry spot.
o Drain water hoses and hang them in the garage. Water hoses left out
during winter and exposed to freezing temperatures are more likely to
tear and spring leaks.
o Don’t forget about the lawnmower. If you don’t have a chance to use up
the gas before storing it, add a gas stabilizer to the fuel tank to prevent
corrosion.
o Store pesticides out of reach of children and pets. Store dry pesticides
in plastic bags. Liquid pesticides should be stored in a location that will
stay above 40 degrees F.
o By following these few basic preparatory steps, you can ensure that on
the following year, you’ll be working in your garden instead of working
on your garden tools. With proper care of the farm tools, implements
and equipment, you can also save yourself from buying new ones.
o For proper care and maintenance of farm hand tools and equipment,
the following guidelines should be observed:
o Hand tools must always be kept dry in a tool rack when they are
not being used.
o Tools should be washed or cleaned before keeping them in the
tool rack.
o The iron parts of tools should be oiled, greased, or painted with
coal tar when they are to be stored for a long time.
o Defective tools should be repaired immediately. Those tools,
implements, and equipment which are beyond repair should be
disposed properly.
o Cutting and digging tools (bolos, scythe, hoes and axes) should
be frequently sharpened.

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LET US REMEMBER
Using the appropriate and in good condition tools will make the
work easier, faster, less prone to accidents, and minimize their wear and
tear.
Proper care and safekeeping of tools, implements, and equipment in
accordance with the standard practices should be observed to ensure
longer usability of facilities.

How do you apply what you have learned?

Practice Task 4.2

Title: CREATING FORMS FOR MONITORING THE PREVENTIVE
MAINTAINANCE
Performance Objective: Prepare an inventory reflecting the
conditions of all the tools and equipment after learning about the
preventive maintenance of different farm equipment.
Supplies/Materials :
1. Activity card/notebook
2. Ball pen
3. Bond paper

Equipment :Farm tools and equipment

Steps/Procedure:
1. Make a list of all the tools and equipment.
2. Create a maintenance checklist of all the tools and equipment
reflecting its regular and periodic cleaning.
3. Create an inspection checklist showing its condition.
4. Create an inspection summary checklist stating the conditions and
the actions to be done.
5. Compile the sheets in one folder and submit it to your teacher.
Assessment Method:
Portfolio Assessment, Performance Criteria Checklist

PERFORMANCE CRITERIA FOR PRACTICE TASK 4.2

Score
Criteria
20 15 10 5
Completeness

20
 Well organized
Neatness
Updated

Interpretation of Scores:
16 – 20 – Excellent output
11 – 15 – Very good
6 – 10 – Fair output
5 and below – Poor output

Practice Task 4.3

Title: Sharpening of Tools

Performance Objective:

Supplies/Materials :
• Oil
• Rag
• Sand paper
• Hedge shear
• Metal clamp
• Wrench

Steps/Procedures:
Step 1: Tighten the pivot nut. Before sharpening, check the pivot nut. It could
be loose, making the blades drift apart while cutting and tearing the twig
instead of cutting it clean. The nut should be snug with no play in the pivot.
With the nut tightened, check the tool; if it cuts cleanly, it doesn't need
sharpening. If it still cuts poorly, look down each blade to make sure it's not
bent. If a blade is slightly bent, loosen the pivot nut and separate the blades.
To straighten the blade, put it in a vise, slip on some thick leather gloves and
tweak it until it's straight.

Step 2: File the edge to expose clean metal clamp the blade firmly in a vise.
Examine the factory edge. Hold the file with both hands and mimic the
direction of the bevel like a golfer taking a practice putt. Now move the file in
one broad stroke away from you along the entire cutting angle. To reiterate,
move the file in one direction away from you. Don't use small, jerky strokes or
you'll lose the factory edge. As you work, you can see the clean metal path left
by the file. Adjust your angle as needed to file the entire edge evenly. Repeat

21
this motion several times until you expose clean metal over the whole edge.
Usually it'll take only about 10 strokes. Do the same with the other blade.

Step 3: Sand the back side of the blade Place a sheet of 300-grit wet/dry
sandpaper on a smooth, flat piece of plywood. You'll be able to feel the burrs
(be careful—they're sharp) on the back side of each blade caused by the filing
action. To remove them, lightly sand the back side of the blade. Keep the blade
flat and move it in a circular motion. After making several circles, pick up the
blade and gently feel the edge. When the burrs left by the file disappear,
assemble the blades and lightly oil the moving parts with 3-In-One oil.
Step 4. Perform housekeeping.
Assessment Method:
Portfolio Assessment, Performance Criteria Checklist

PERFORMANCE CRITERIA FOR PRACTICE TASK 4.3

Score
Criteria
20 15 10 5
The blade was properly
sharpened.
The nut was properly removed
and returned.
The step by step procedure
were correctly followed.
The safety precautions were
properly observed.
Housekeeping was performed
accordingly.

Interpretation of Scores:
16 – 20 – Excellent output
11 – 15 – Very good
6 – 10 – Fair output
5 and below – Poor output

How Much Have You Learned?

Multiple Choices:
Instruction: Read the questions/statements carefully and select the best
answer by writing only the letter in your quiz notebook.

22
1. What do you call that hand tool that is used for digging smaller size of
hole?
a. Bolo
b. Crowbar
c. Grub hoe
d. Pruning shear
2. Which tool is used for cutting grasses?
a. Shovel
b. Bolo
c. Crowbar
d. Mattock
3. A tool with one end of its blade flattened and the other is pointed at
right angles to its handle is --------
a. Pick mattock
b. Crowbar
c. Bolo
d. Spade
4. Which tool does NOT belong to the group?
a. crowbar
b. mattock
c. shovel
d. pruning shear
5. This tool is used for digging canals, breaking hard topsoil and for
digging up stones and tree stumps.
a. pick mattock
b. crowbar
c. bolo
d. spade
6. This tool resembles the appearance of spoon and is used for
transferring soil.
a. spade
b. shovel
c. spading fork
d. grub hoe
7. What implement in tilling the land is being pulled by a working
animal?
a. harrow
b. native plow
c. disc plow
d. disc harrow
8. What equipment in horticultural operations is used to draw water
from a source?
a. Sprinkler
b. Sprayer
c. Water pail
d. Water pump

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 9. A small cart used to transport things, usually in the form of an open
container with a single wheel in front and two handles at the back is
_______________.
a. Hand tractor
b. Tractor
c. Basket
d. Wheel barrow
10. This tool is used for cutting branches of planting materials and
unnecessary branches of plants.
a. Axe
b. Knife
c. Pruning shears
d. Light hoe

TRUE OR FALSE: Read and analyze each statement below. Write TRUE if
the statement is correct; FALSE if the statement is incorrect on the space
provided for.
_____1.The best way to use the stone is to find a way to stabilize the tool that
you want to work on.
_____2.Tools that are worn out should be separated and be fixed
immediately to avoid accident.
_____3. When sharpening, try to maintain the original factory bevel or angle.
_____4. Always push the file across the blade in a motion away from your
body.
_____5. Clean accumulated rust and dirt off all metal surfaces with a wire
brush.
_____6. Move the file diagonally, so that its cutting teeth are biting into the
metal on the tool.
_____7. Use medium-grit sandpaper to remove rust on larger tools such as
shovels, spades, and hoes.
_____8. When sharpening with a file, do not use oil; metal filings will
accumulate and clog the file's serrations.
_____9.Oil will help tools to work as intended and will prevent the formation
of rust.
____10.For pruners, use a whetstone because it produces a very sharp
cutting edge.

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Answer Key for Diagnostic/Pre-Assessment
Multiple choice:
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. A
6. B
7. B
8. D
9. D
10. C
True or False
1. True
2. True
3. True
4. True
5. False
6. True
7. False
8. True
9. True
10. True

Answer Key Practice Task 4.1

1.Scoop Use for moving loose materials such as crushed stone,
and soil
2.Hedge Shears Prunes shrubs grown closely spaced as hedges
3.Hand fork For inter row cultivation
4.Hand cultivator Is used for cultivating the garden plot by loosening the
soil and removing young weeds around the plant
5.Spade Is used in removing trash, digging loose soil, moving soil
from one place to another and for mixing soil media
6.Loppers or Used to trim tree and shrub twigs from 1 inch to 1 ½
Lopping Shears inch in diameter
7.Hand trowel Is used for loosening the soil around the growing plants
and putting small amount of manure in the soil
8.Pruning saw Used to trim tree and shrub twigs 1 inch or more in
diameter
9.Double-bit axe Useful in tree removal and for cutting up fallen timber
10.Leave rake Very useful in places where a lightweight, spring rake is
needed

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 Answer Key for Post Test
Multiple Choice
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. A
6. B
7. B
8. D
9. D
10. C
True or False
1. True
2. True
3. True
4. True
5. False
6. True
7. False
8. True
9. True
10. True

26
References
1. Agricultural Arts (T.H.E., SEDP, NSEC series) by Ramon G.
Asuncion et.al.
2. Farm Mechanics Textbook by Phipps, McColly, Scranton, & Cook
p.393 – 689 Growing Vegetables by Tony Biggs p.6 – 7
3. Growing Rich, Tasty Veggies in Harmony with Nature, vol. 1 by Jef
Van Haunte-Lyds Quileste Van Haunte p.117-120
4. Grade 7 Learners Module on Agricultural Crop Production
5. A Practical Safety Guide for the Horticulture Industry in the
Murray Valley
6. https://www.slideshare.net/RochelleNato/lesson-1-use-of-farm-
tools-and-equipment
7. https://www.slideshare.net/RochelleNato/perform-preventive-
maintenance
8. https://todayshomeowner.com/how-to-clean-sharpen-and-maintain-garden-tools/

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