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Medical equipment management

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Healthcare Technology Management (sometimes referred to as clinical engineering, clinical engineering management, clinical technology management, healthcare
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technology management, medical equipment management, biomedical maintenance, biomedical equipment management, and biomedical engineering) is a term for the
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professionals who manage operations, analyze and improve utilization and safety, and support servicing healthcare technology. These healthcare technology managers are,
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Community portal much like other healthcare professionals referred to by various specialty or organizational hierarchy names.
Recent changes Some of the titles of healthcare technology management professionals are biomed, biomedical equipment technician, biomedical engineering technician, biomedical engineer,
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BMET, biomedical equipment management, biomedical equipment services, imaging service engineer, imaging specialist, clinical engineer technician, clinical engineering
Tools equipment technician, field service engineer, field clinical engineer, clinical engineer, and medical equipment repair person. Regardless of the various titles, these professionals
What links here offer services within and outside of healthcare settings to enhance the safety, utilization, and performance on medical devices, applications, and systems.
Related changes They are a fundamental part of managing, maintaining, and/or designing medical devices, applications, and systems for use in various healthcare settings, from the home and
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the field to the doctor's office and the hospital.
Special pages
Permanent link HTM includes the business processes used in interaction and oversight of the technology involved in the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of patients. The related policies
Page information and procedures govern activities such as the selection, planning, and acquisition of medical devices, and the inspection, acceptance, maintenance, and eventual retirement
Wikidata item and disposal of medical equipment.
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1 Responsibilities of the Healthcare Technology Management Professional
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2 Equipment Control & Asset Management
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3 Work Order Management
Languages 4 Data Quality Management
⽇本語 5 Quality Assurance
Edit links 6 Patient Safety
7 Risk management
8 Hospital Safety Programs
9 References

Responsibilities of the Healthcare Technology Management Professional [ edit ]

The healthcare technology management professional's purpose is to ensure that equipment and systems used in patient care are operational, safe, and properly configured to
meet the mission of the healthcare; that the equipment is used in an effective way consistent with the highest standards of care by educating the healthcare provider,
equipment user, and patient; that the equipment is designed to limit the potential for loss, harm, or damage to the patient, provider, visitor, and facilities through various means
of analysis prior to and during acquisition, monitoring and foreseeing problems during the lifecycle of the equipment, and collaborating with the parties who manufacture,
design, regulate, or recommend safe medical devices and systems.

Some but not all of the healthcare technology management professional's functions are:

Equipment Control & Asset Management

Equipment Inventories
Work Order Management
Data Quality Management
Equipment Maintenance Management
Equipment Maintenance
Personnel Management
Quality Assurance
Patient Safety
Risk Management
Hospital Safety Programs
Radiation Safety
Medical Gas Systems
In-Service Education & Training
Accident Investigation
Analysis of Failures, Root Causes, and Human Factors
Safe Medical Devices Act (SMDA) of 1990
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
Careers in Facilities Management

Equipment Control & Asset Management [ edit ]

Every medical treatment facility should have policies and processes on equipment control and asset management. Equipment control and asset management involves the
management of medical devices within a facility and may be supported by automated information systems (e.g., enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems are often found in
U.S. hospitals, and the U.S. military health system uses an advanced automated system known as the Defense Medical Logistics Standard Support (DMLSS) suite of
applications) or may use a dedicated equipment management and maintenance software (e.g., BME Assistor ). Equipment control begins with the receipt of a newly acquired
equipment item and continues through the item's entire lifecycle. Newly acquired devices should be inspected by in-house or contracted biomedical equipment technicians
(BMETs), who will receive an established equipment control/asset number from the facilities equipment/property manager. This control number is used to track and record
maintenance actions in their database. This is similar to creating a new chart for a new patient who will be seen at the medical facility. Once an equipment control number is
established, the device is safety inspected and readied for delivery to clinical and treatment areas in the facility.

Facilities or healthcare delivery networks may rely on a combination of equipment service providers such as manufacturers, third-party services, in-house technicians, and
remote support. Equipment managers are responsible for continuous oversight and responsibility for ensuring safe and effective equipment performance through full-service
maintenance. Medical equipment managers are also responsible for technology assessment, planning and management in all areas within a medical treatment facility (e.g.
developing policies and procedures for the medical equipment management plan, identifying trends and the need for staff education, resolution of defective biomedical
equipment issues).

This industry is new, and there is not a clear line between IT and Bio-Med.

Work Order Management [ edit ]

Work order management involves systematic, measurable, and traceable methods to all acceptance/initial inspections, preventive maintenance, and calibrations, or repairs by
generating scheduled and unscheduled work orders. Work order management may be paper-based or computer-base and includes the maintenance of active (open or
uncompleted) and completed work orders which provide a comprehensive maintenance history of all medical equipment devices used in the diagnosis, treatment, and
management of patients. Work order management includes all safety, preventive, calibration, test, and repair services performed on all such medical devices. A comprehensive
work order management system can also be used as a resource and workload management tool by managers responsible for personnel time, total number of hour’s technician
spent working on equipment, maximum repair dollar for one time repair, or total dollar allowed to spend repairing equipment versus replacement.

Post-work order quality checks involve one of two methods: 100% audit of all work orders or statistical sampling of randomly selected work orders. Randomly selected work
orders should place more stringent statistical controls based on the clinical criticality of the device involved. For example, 100% of items critical to patient treatment but only
50% of ancillary items may be selected for sampling. In an ideal setting, all work orders are checked, but available resources may dictate a less comprehensive approach.
Work orders must be tracked regularly and all discrepancies must be corrected. Managers are responsible to identify equipment location

Data Quality Management [ edit ]

Accurate, comprehensive data are needed in any automated medical equipment management system. Data quality initiatives can help to insure the accuracy of
clinical/biomedical engineering data. The data needed to establish basic, accurate, maintainable automated records for medical equipment management includes:
nomenclature, manufacturer, nameplate model, serial number, acquisition cost, condition code, and maintenance assessment. Other useful data could include: warranty,
location, other contractor agencies, scheduled maintenance due dates, and intervals. These fields are vital to ensure appropriate maintenance is performed, equipment is
accounted for, and devices are safe for use in patient care.

Nomenclature: It defines what the device is, how, and the type of maintenance is to be performed. Common nomenclature systems are taken directly from the ECRI
Institute Universal Medical Device Nomenclature System.
Manufacturer: This is the name of the company that received approval from the FDA to sell the device, also known as the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM).
Nameplate model: The model number is typically located on the front/behind of the equipment or on the cover of the service manual and is provided by the OEM. E.g.
Medtronic PhysioControl’s Lifepak 10 Defibrillator can actually be any one of the following correct model numbers listed: 10-41, 10-43, 10 -47, 10-51, and 10-57.
Serial number: This is usually found on the data plate as well, is a serialized number (could contain alpha characters) provided by the manufacturer. This number is crucial
to device alerts and recalls.
Acquisition cost: The total purchased price for an individual item or system. This cost should include installation, shipping, and other associated costs. These numbers are
crucial for budgeting, maintenance expenditures, and depreciation reporting.
Condition code: This code is mainly used when an item is turned in and should be changed when there are major changes to the device that could affect whether or not an
item should be salvaged, destroyed, or used by another Medical Treatment Facility.
Maintenance assessment: This assessment must be validated every time a BMET performs any kind of maintenance on a device.

Several other management tools, such as equipment replacement planning and budgeting, depreciation calculations, and at the local level literature, repair parts, and supplies
are directly related to one or more of these fundamental basics. Data Quality must be tracked monthly and all discrepancies must be corrected.

Quality Assurance [ edit ]

Quality Assurance is a way of identifying an item of supply or equipment as being defective. A good quality control/engineering program improves quality of work and lessens
the risk of staff/patient injuries/death.

Patient Safety [ edit ]

Safety of our patients/staff is paramount to the success of our organizations mission. The Joint Commission publishes annual lists detailing “National Patient Safety Goals” to
be implemented by healthcare organizations. Goals are developed by experts in patient safety nurses, physicians, pharmacists, risk managers, and other professionals with
patient-safety experience in a variety of settings. Patient safety is among the most important goals of every healthcare provider, and participation in a variety of committees and
processes concerned with patient safety provides a way for biomedical managers and clinical engineering departments to gain visibility and positively affect their workplace.

Risk management [ edit ]

This program helps the medical treatment facility avoid the likelihood of equipment-related risks, minimize liability of mishaps and incidents, and stay compliant with regulatory
reporting requirements. The best practice is to use a rating system for every equipment type. For example, a risk-rating system might rate defibrillators as considered high risk,
general-purpose infusion pumps as medium risk, electronic thermometers as low risk, and otoscopes as no significant risk. This system could be set up using Microsoft Excel
or Access program for a manager's or technician's quick reference.

In addition, user error, equipment abuse, no problem/fault found occurrences must be tracked to assist risk management personnel in determining whether additional clinical
staff training must be performed.

Risk management for IT networks incorporating medical devices will be covered by the standard ISO/IEC 80001. Its purpose is: "Recognizing that MEDICAL DEVICES are
incorporated into IT-NETWORKS to achieve desirable benefits (for example, INTEROPERABILITY), this international standard defines the roles, responsibilities and activities
that are necessary for RISK MANAGEMENT of IT-NETWORKS incorporating MEDICAL DEVICES to address the KEY PROPERTIES". It resorts some basic ideas of ISO
20000 in the context of medical applications, e.g. configuration, incident, problem, change and release management, and risk analysis, control and evaluation according to ISO
14971. IEC 80001 "applies to RESPONSIBLE ORGANIZATIONS, MEDICAL DEVICE manufacturers and other providers of information technologies for the purpose of
comprehensive RISK MANAGEMENT".

Hospital Safety Programs [ edit ]

The Joint Commission stipulates seven management plans for hospital accreditation. One of the seven is safety. Safety includes a range of hazards including mishaps, injuries
on the job, and patient care hazards. The most common safety mishaps are "needle-sticks" (staff accidentally stick themselves with a needle) or patient injury during care. As a
manager, ensure all staff and patients are safe within the facility. Note: it’s everyone’s responsibility!

There are several meetings that medical equipment managers are required to attend as the organizations technical representative:

Patient Safety
Environment of Care
Space Utilization Committee
Equipment Review Board
Infection Control (optional)

Educational Requirements For Bio-Medical Engineer : Students should take the most challenging science, math, and English courses available in high school. All
biomedical engineers have at least a bachelor's degree in engineering. Many have advanced graduate degrees as well. Courses of study include a sound background in
mechanical, chemical, or industrial engineering, and specialized biomedical training. Most programs last from four to six years, and all states require biomedical engineers to
pass examinations and be licensed.

Duties & Responsibilities For Bio-Medical Engineer: Description: Biomedical Engineers use engineering principles to solve health related and medical problems. They do a
lot of research in conjunction with life scientists, chemists, and medical professionals to design medical devices like artificial hearts, pacemakers, dialysis machines, and
surgical lasers. Some conduct research on biological and other life systems or investigate ways to modernize laboratory and clinical procedures. Frequently, biomedical
engineers supervise biomedical equipment maintenance technicians, investigate medical equipment failure, and advise hospitals about purchasing and installing new
equipment. Biomedical engineers work in hospitals, universities, industry, and research laboratories.

Working Conditions : Biomedical engineers work in offices, laboratories, workshops, manufacturing plants, clinics and hospitals. Some local travel may be required if medical
equipment is located in various clinics or hospitals. Most biomedical engineers work standard weekday hours. Longer hours may be required to meet research deadlines, work
with patients at times convenient to them, or work on medical equipment that is in use during daytime hours.

Duties : Biomedical engineers work closely with life scientists, chemists and medical professionals (physicians, nurses, therapists and technicians) on the engineering aspects
of biological systems. Duties and responsibilities vary from one position to another but, in general, biomedical engineers:

• design and develop medical devices such as artificial hearts and kidneys, pacemakers, artificial hips, surgical lasers, automated patient monitors and blood chemistry
sensors.

• design and develop engineered therapies (for example, neural-integrative prostheses).

• adapt computer hardware or software for medical science or health care applications (for example, develop expert systems that assist in diagnosing diseases, medical
imaging systems, models of different aspects of human physiology or medical data management).

• conduct research to test and modify known theories and develop new theories.

• ensure the safety of equipment used for diagnosis, treatment and monitoring.

• investigate medical equipment failures and provide advice about the purchase and installation of new equipment.

• develop and evaluate quantitative models of biological processes and systems.

• apply engineering methods to answer basic questions about how the body works.

• contribute to patient assessments.

• prepare and present reports for health professionals and the public.

• supervise and train technologists and technicians.

Biomedical engineers may work primarily in one or a combination of the following fields:

• bioinformatics – developing and using computer tools to collect and analyze data.

• bioinstrumentation – applying electronic and measurement techniques.

• biomaterials – developing durable materials that are compatible with a biological environment.

• biomechanics - applying knowledge of mechanics to biological or medical problems.

• bio-nano-engineering – developing novel structures of nanometer dimensions for application to biology, drug delivery, molecular diagnostics, microsystems and
nanosystems.

• biophotonics – applying and manipulating light, usually laser light, for sensing or imaging properties of biological tissue.

• cellular and tissue engineering – studying the anatomy, biochemistry and mechanics of cellular and sub-cellular structures, developing technology to repair, replace or
regenerate living tissues and developing methods for controlling cell and tissue growth in the laboratory.

• clinical engineering – applying the latest technology to health care and health care systems in hospitals.

• genomics and genetic engineering – mapping, sequencing and analyzing genomes (DNA), and applying molecular biology methods to manipulate the genetic material of
cells, viruses and organisms.

• medical or biological imaging – combining knowledge of a physical phenomenon (for example, sound, radiation or magnetism) with electronic processing, analysis and
display.

• molecular bioengineering – designing molecules for biomedical purposes and applying computational methods for simulating biomolecular interactions.

• systems physiology - studying how systems function in living organisms.

• therapeutic engineering – developing and discovering drugs and advanced materials and techniques for delivering drugs to local tissues with minimized side effects.

References [ edit ]

Bowles, Roger "Techcareers: Biomedical Equipment Technicians" TSTC Publishing

Dyro, Joseph., Clinical Engineering Handbook (Biomedical Engineering).
Khandpur, R. S. "Biomedical Instrumentation: Technology and Applications". McGraw Hills
Northrop, Robert B., "Noninvasive Instrumentation and Measurement in Medical Diagnosis (Biomedical Engineering)".
Webb, Andrew G., "Introduction to Biomedical Imaging (IEEE Press Series on Biomedical Engineering)".
Yadin David, Wolf W. von Maltzahn, Michael R. Neuman, and Joseph D. Bronzino,. Clinical Engineering (Principles and Applications in Engineering).
Villafañe, Carlos CBET: "Biomed: From the Student's Perspective" (ISBN 978-1-61539-663-4). www.Biomedtechnicians.com.
Willson K., Ison K., Tabakov S., "Medical Equipment Management", CRC Press

Categories: Medical equipment

This page was last edited on 4 September 2019, at 13:26 (UTC).

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