Substance Use

SUBSTANCE-USE DISORDER
 Patterns of symptoms resulting from the use of a substance that a person continues to take despite
experiencing problems as a result
10 CLASSES OF DRUGS THAT CAN CAUSE SUBSTANCE-USE DISORDERS
1. Alcohol 5. Inhalants 9. Stimulants

2. Caffeine 6. Opiods 10. Tobacco
3. Cannabis 7. Sedatives
4. Hallucinogens 8. Hypnotics/Anxiolytics
DSM-5-TR SUBSTANCE-USE DISORDER CRITERIA
1. Taking the substance in larger amounts or 7. Neglecting responsibilities at home, work, or

for longer than intended school because of substance use
2. Trying to cut down or stop using the 8. Continuing to use even when it causes
substance but being unable to relationship problems
3. Experiencing intense cravings or urges to 9. Giving up important or desirable social,
use the substance occupational, and recreational activities due
4. Needing more of the substance to get the to substance
desired effect (tolerance) 10. Using substances in settings that put you at
5. Developing withdrawal symptoms when not risk or in danger
using the substance 11. Continuing to use despite the substance
6. Spending more time getting and using drugs, causing problems to your physical and
and recovering from substance us mental health
SEVERITY OF SUBSTANCE-USE DISORDER
Mild - two or three symptoms point to a mild substance-use disorder
Moderate - four or five symptoms point to a moderate substance-use disorder
Severe - six or more symptoms point to a moderate substance-use disorder
SUBSTANCE-INDUCED DISORDER
 Produced by the effects of substance-use, and include intoxication, withdrawal, and other substance or
medication-induced mental disorders
Intoxication - involves substance-induced disorders Withdrawal - involves experiencing physical,

which consist of symptoms people experience when cognitive, and behavioral symptoms due to reducing
they are "high" from drugs or halting substance use
SUBSTANCE-INDUCED MENTAL DISORDERS
1. Substance-Induced Psychotic Disorder - involves experiencing delusions, hallucinations, or both

within one month of using or withdrawing from alcohol, illicit substances, or prescription drugs
2. Substance-Induced Bipolar Disorder - involves experiencing manic or hypomanic symptoms,
depressive symptoms, or both while using or during withdrawal from a substance
3. Substance-Induced Depressive Disorder - refers to a form of depression that can occur after using
drugs, alcohol, or medications.
4. Substance-Induced Anxiety Disorder - involves experiencing anxiety or panic attacks due to using
drugs, medications, or alcohol.
5. Substance-Induced Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - is marked by the onset of obsessive and
compulsive symptoms caused by substance us
6. Substance-Induced Sleep Disorder - involves insomnia and other sleep problems caused by using
drugs, alcohol, or certain medication.
7. Substance-Induced Sexual Dysfunction - involves experiencing difficulties with sexual arousal, desire,
or performance due to substances and medications.
8. Substance-Induced Delirium - is marked by symptoms of delirium due to intoxication from a
psychoactive substance, including illicit drugs, medications, and alcohol.
9. Substance-Induced Neurocognitive Disorder - involves experiencing mild or major neurocognitive
impairments caused by substance use that persist beyond the intoxication and acute withdrawal
period.
DIAGNOSIS
 Substance-use disorders are evaluated by a psychiatrist, psychologist, or licensed counselor

specializing in drug and alcohol addictions
 To diagnose a substance use disorder, a healthcare practitioner will evaluate the individual by
completing a physical exam and taking a medical history. They will also ask questions about current and
past substance use, including its frequency, amount, and duration
 A health professional may utilize blood or urine tests to assess current drug use
TREATMENT
Behavioral therapies for adults:
 Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a  Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) is a

type of talk therapy aimed at helping people form of community-based mental health
learn how to cope with difficult situations by care that emphasizes outreach to the
challenging irrational thoughts and changing community and an individualized treatment
behaviors approach
 Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) uses  Therapeutic Communities (TCs) are a
concepts of mindfulness and acceptance or common form of long-term residential
being aware of and attentive to the current treatment that focuses on helping people
situation and emotional state. DBT also develop new and healthier values, attitudes,
teaches skills that can help control intense and behaviors
emotions, reduce self-destructive behaviors  Contingency Management (CM) principles
(e.g. suicide attempts, thoughts, or urges; encourage healthy behaviors by offering
self-harm; and drug use), and improve vouchers or rewards for desired behavior
relationship
Behavioral therapies for children and adolescents:
 Brief Strategic Family Therapy (BSFT) therapy targets family interactions thought to maintain or
worsen adolescent substance-use disorders and other co-occurring problem behaviors.
 Multidimensional Family Therapy (MDFT) works with the whole family to simultaneously address
multiple and interacting adolescent problem behaviors, such as substance use, mental disorders,
school problems, delinquency, and others.
 Multisystemic Therapy (MST) targets key factors associated with serious antisocial behavior in
children and adolescents with substance-use disorders
Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) is the practice of using medications to treat substance use disorders,
build long periods of recovery, and prevent overdose. Paired with behavioral therapies, the medications used in
MAT help recovery by:
 Limiting withdrawal symptoms that appear when you stop using
 Leveling out your brain chemistry
 Blocking the effects of alcohol and other drugs
 Decreasing the cravings that you have to restart your use

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SUBSTANCE-USE DISORDER

10 CLASSES OF DRUGS THAT CAN CAUSE SUBSTANCE-USE DISORDERS

1. Alcohol 5. Inhalants 9. Stimulants

DSM-5-TR SUBSTANCE-USE DISORDER CRITERIA

1. Taking the substance in larger amounts or 7. Neglecting responsibilities at home, work, or

SEVERITY OF SUBSTANCE-USE DISORDER

Mild - two or three symptoms point to a mild substance-use disorder

Moderate - four or five symptoms point to a moderate substance-use disorder

Severe - six or more symptoms point to a moderate substance-use disorder

Intoxication - involves substance-induced disorders Withdrawal - involves experiencing physical,

SUBSTANCE-INDUCED MENTAL DISORDERS

1. Substance-Induced Psychotic Disorder - involves experiencing delusions, hallucinations, or both

 Substance-use disorders are evaluated by a psychiatrist, psychologist, or licensed counselor

Behavioral therapies for adults:

 Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a  Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) is a

 Limiting withdrawal symptoms that appear when you stop using

 Leveling out your brain chemistry

 Blocking the effects of alcohol and other drugs

 Decreasing the cravings that you have to restart your use

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