Manual 2K25 11672 R1
Manual 2K25 11672 R1
Manual 2K25 11672 R1
Contact:
Pay close attention to ensure your safety when working on the machine.
Make sure that the compressor is completely depressurised, cooled down and the
power supply is securely cut off before attending any adjusting or checking.
CONTENTS
1. Introduction 3
2. Principal Specification 3
3. Construction and Accessories 4
3.1 Construction
3.2 Accessories
4. General Matters 5
4.1 Alignment of the Flexible Coupling
4.2 Resilient Mounting
4.3 Drain Pipe
4.4 Location, Installation and Cooling Water
5. Operating the Compressor 6
5.1 Checks before start-up
5.2 Starting-Running-Stopping Procedures
5.3 Automatic Operation
6. Disassembling and Reassembling 7
6.1 Disassembling and reassembling of Compressor
6.2 Reassembling of Air Valve
7. Inspection and Maintenance 8
7.1 Lubricating Oil
7.2 Maintenance after a long non-operational period
7.3 Torque settings
7.4 Air Valves
7.5 Water pump
7.6 Maintenance Schedule
8. Cause of Troubles and Remedy 12
9. Fault Finding Chart 13
10. Parts and drawings 14
1. Introduction
The DENO compressor 2k25 is an water-cooled 2-stage single acting compressor which is
mainly used to start marine and shore-based diesel engines. It is also widely used as general
compressed air source, e.g. for pressure tests and other high-pressure applications. The
model features a compact design and is lightweight constructed requiring minimum
installation space.
Moreover, special attention has been paid to the design to ensure operational reliability and
durability for the specific service conditions.
Furthermore, with this water-cooled type compressor, the pressure balance in each stage
and the entire cooling of the compressor have been fully taken into account to assure
stable running and low operational costs.
All the materials used are of first class quality, thoroughly tested and in accordance with the
requirements of the classification societies. Instrumentation is supplied in accordance with
classification society requirements and if desired the compressor can be fitted with
equipment for fully automatic operation.
For effective handling of this compressor, operators and maintenance personnel are
requested to read this manual carefully before putting it into operation.
2. Principal Specification
3.1 Construction
When the LP piston is in its downward stroke, air is drawn into the first stage cylinder via the
air filter and the suction valve. If the piston starts its upward stroke, the air in the LP cylinder
will be compressed to its intermediate pressure and passes trough the delivery valve and
inter cooler. The cooled air will then be drawn trough the suction valve of the HP cylinder
of witch the piston is in its downward stroke. When the HP piston starts its upward stroke, the
air in the HP cylinder will be compressed to its end pressure and passes true the second
stage valve, after cooler and oil-water separator. From here the air can be guided trough
the flexible connection to an air receiver.
The entire compressors lubrication is ensured by splash lubrication. Oil splash lips on the
con-rods splashes into the oil sump to fling oil into the lubricating points. The oil level in the
crankcase can be checked through a sight glass.
The crankshaft is supported by roller- and/or ball bearings and provided with an additional
balance weight to compensate for the inertia forces. The con-rod bearings are
interchangeable white metal bearing.
All con-rods are fitted to a joint crankshaft journal. The piston pin bearing, made of
phosphor bronze, is fitted to the small end of the con-rod. The LP piston is made out of light
aluminium alloy while the HP piston is made out of cast iron.
The LP piston is fitted with 2 compression and 2 oil scraper rings. The HP piston is fitted with 4
compression and 1 oil scraper ring.
The compressor and motor are normally supplied mounted together on a common
bedplate or on vibration dampers. The compressor and motor are connected together
using a heavy-duty flexible coupling.
3.2 Accessories
a. Air Valve
The two pressure stages are fitted with high-speed concentric valves. The inner
suction element of the valve forms a double ring type valve. The delivery element has
been shaped to form a single ring type valve.
The valves are mounted in the cylinder heads. The valves are pressed on the seat by
an alu-gasket ring when the cylinder head is tightened to the he compressor body.
b. Air cooler
The intercooler and after cooler is arranged in the 2nd stage cylinder block. This is a
single pass cooler in which the air passes from a cylinder head through cooler tubes to
separator
c. Safety valve
Each stage of the compressor has been provided with safety valves according to
prescriptions. The two safety valves have been screwed in the respective pressure
chambers of the drain separators.
d. Drain separator
With oil and water separator attached, it is necessary to drain off condense after
each running cycle of the compressor. In case of all-automatic plants, the separator
is automatically drained whenever the plant has been switched off.
e. Air filter
The air intake filter has been mounted on the LP cylinder head. The filter element is
interchangeable. It is known by analysis that half of the carbon deposit on the
suction valve is dust. This may cause leakage from cylinder or piston, or malfunction of
the valve, resulting in lower efficiency and other problems. It is therefore important to
check and replace the filter element on the given intervals.
f. Water pump
The cooling water pump is a optional devise witch can be used for cooling the
compressor, the compressor can also be cooled by a separate cooling system.
4. General Matters
4.1 Alignment of the flexible coupling (not for emergency air compressor)
a. Concentric or radial alignment
Concentric alignment is checked with a dial gauge placed at the periphery of the
coupling. The gauge should be read at 90° intervals.
The run-out should not exceed 0.1 mm total reading. When correct alignment is
obtained, retighten the hold-down bolts, and recheck the dial readings to ensure that
the adjusted alignment have remained unchanged after the bolts were tightened.
b. Axial alignment
Axial alignment is checked with a dial gauge set at the coupling side face. Turn the
flywheel and read dial indications at approximately 90° intervals.
The absolute run-out should not exceed 0.15 mm on the indicator. To correct
horizontal misalignment, loosen the motor or compressor hold-down bolts and adjust
as necessary. To correct vertical misalignment, insert shims under the motor or
compressor feet as necessary. After having made any adjustment, retighten the hold-
down bolts and recheck the indicator readings.
4.3 Drainpipe
The drainpipes of the individual stages and of different compressors should not be
combined into a common line. This may cause interference and malfunction of the
drain. The simplest solution is to singly direct the pipes into an open funnel from where
the oil-water mixture is led to the sludge tank. The compressor is drained either
manually or automatically, according to the respective scope of supply. In case of
manual operation, the compressor start should be initiated by opening the drain
valves. After reaching the rated speed the drain must be closed again. On stopping,
first open the drain valves and then switch the compressor off. With automatic
operation, the same analogously applies to the electric control of the drain valves.
Prolonged compressor periods of operation require intermediate drains.
Do not use force, as this will wreck or damage the respective parts.
b. Second stage air valve
- Put the big and the small suction valve plate on the valve guard and align centric.
- Lay suction valve springs on suction valve plate and align.
- Put delivery valve springs in groove provided for that purpose, thereupon place
delivery valve plate in position.
- Carefully press valve seat with centre screw onto valve guard.
- Valve guard and seat should firmly line up in top of the other. If such is not the
case, the valve plates or springs have shifted and the assembly must be repeated
in the above-mentioned sequence.
- Screw hexagon nut onto centre bolt and tighten.
- When the assembly has been completed, check smoothness of the valve plates
against the spring load with a rounded-off pin.
Do not use force, as this will wreck or damage the respective parts.
VISCOSITY SAE NO 20 30
Name of Firm
ISO-VG NO
& Trade Name 56 68 83 100
(cSt at 40℃)
Chevron Turbine
3 Chevron CC68 CC100
Oil
Caltex Compressor
5 Caltex RPM68 RPM100
Oil
Shell
6 Shell Corena Oil P68 P100
Petroleum
British
7 BP Energel DS320W OEA30
Petroleum
If the compressor condition is such that the compressor has to run over 8 hours per day or
in abnormal ambient temperatures, use on of the oil types specified under “SAE NO 30”
In case you plan to use different oil then the a.m., it is strongly recommended to contact
DENO before doing so.
Daily operation should be carefully monitored and whenever anomaly is encountered, the
compressor should be stopped immediately to check the cause. Close monitoring and
care in daily operation makes it possible to avoid serious troubles.
A fault finding chart in plain language is given below. The cause of troubles must be
identified and completely solved before operating the compressor again.
1 Abnormal Ingress of foreign matter into Check inside of cylinder and repair
noise from cylinder
cylinder Worn cylinder and larger Boring of cylinder and replace piston
clearance between piston new (oversize)
To much or to little top Check con-rod bearing and piston
clearance pin bearing
Damaged valve Check valve and replace
(valve plate and spring Plate)
Wear of piston pin metal Replace
2 Abnormal Wear of main bearing Replace or adjust
noise from Wear of rod metal Replace
crankcase Connecting rod bolt has Retighten to specified torque
become loose
3 High temp. Damaged delivery valve or leak Check, repair or replace
of delivery air Reversed air flow due to faulty Replace gasket
valve seat gasket
Carbon deposit on valve Check and clean
Defective cooling Check and clean water pump and
cooling system
4 Carbon High oil consumption Check Check oil scraper ring and replace if
deposit on oil level necessary.
the valve Wrong oil quality Replace with proper oil
5 Pressure will Leakage on piping. Repair the leak. Check and replace if
Not rise Damaged valve necessary.
Wear of piston ring Check and replace
6 Seizure of Ingress of dust into cylinder Cleaning inside of cylinder, Replace
Piston Piston and rings
Insufficient lubricating for Fill oil up to 'H' level
cylinder
Insufficient cooling Check cooling system and pump
7 Amount of oil Wear of piston, cylinder Boring of cylinder replace piston
Consumption
has Wear of piston ring, oil ring Replace
increased Too much oil in crankcase Drain oil to specified level (H)
8 Too much Bolts have come loose Tighten
vibration Light foundation, defective Re-install the compressor on a more
installation ridgid foundation
Flywheel has become loose Tighten. Provide locking means.
9. Fault Finding Chart
1st stage 2nd stage suction or delivery valve Remove valve, strip, clean and
relief damaged of dirty. inspect, renew damaged parts as
valve necessary.
blowing Relief safety valve faulty. Inspect, repair or replace.
Excessive oil carries over from 1st Ensure that the oil piston ring at the
stage piston. lower part of the 1st stage piston is
not worn or slack in its groove and
that the oil holes in the groove are
not blocked. Clean or renew parts as
necessary.
620
620
Waterpump (optional)
Cooling water inlet
355
321
308
134
297,5
260 124,8
216 348
168,8
272 523
630
272
Cooling water outlet
260
Safaty valve
Compressed air outlet First stage
Female connection G1" 798
Manual drain valve
Solenoid valve First stage NAME DATE
Second stage DRAWN
CHECKED
M.C. Sintenie 23/01/07 DENO COMPRESSORS
TITLE
Safaty valve ENG APPR
MGR APPR
2K-25 general arrangement
second stage UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED SIZE DWG NO REV
A2
DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS
ANGLES ±X.X° FILE NAME: 2K-25 on frame stand alone.dft
2 PL ±X.XX 3 PL ±X.XXX SCALE: WEIGHT: SHEET 1 OF 2
200
100
50 120
minimal service
60
200 200
area
200
523
200
200
200
200 200
200
200 200
NAME DATE
DRAWN
CHECKED
M.C. Sintenie 23/01/07 DENO COMPRESSORS
TITLE
ENG APPR
MGR APPR
2K-28 general arrangement
UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED SIZE DWG NO REV
A2
DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS
ANGLES ±X.X° FILE NAME: 2K-28 on frame stand alone.dft
2 PL ±X.XX 3 PL ±X.XXX SCALE: WEIGHT: SHEET 2 OF 2
COOLING WATER INLET
P1 P2
CWP (OPTIONAL)
MV MV
CWV (OPTIONAL)
SV1 SV2
FREE AIR PS (OPTIONAL)
D1 D2
AIR OUTLET
RV
FS C1 HV C2 HV
TS (OPTIONAL)
COOLING WATER OUTLET
M I II
1
1
2
1
NAME DATE
DRAWN JJB 13/08/10
CHECKED
ENG APPR AIR OUTLET MANIFOLD
MGR APPR
DENO Compressors B.V. SIZE REV
Van der Giessenweg 49 A3 SUBJECT: 0078J
2921 LP Krimpen aan den IJssel FILE NAME: 0078J-JJB.dft
The Netherlands
info@denocomp.nl SCALE: WEIGHT: SHEET 2 OF 3
TEMPERATURE SWITCH 0078J
When the thermostat cover is removed, and the
locking screw (5) is loosened, the high
temperature setting can be set with the spindle
(1) while at the same time the scale (2) is being
read.
in units having an adjustable differential, the
spindle (3) can be used while the scale (4) is
being read.
1. Range spindle
2. Range scale
3. Differential
spindle
4. Differential scale
5. Locking screw
NAME DATE
DRAWN JJB 13/08/10
CHECKED
ENG APPR AIR OUTLET MANIFOLD
MGR APPR
DENO Compressors B.V. SIZE REV
Van der Giessenweg 49 A3 SUBJECT: 0078J
2921 LP Krimpen aan den IJssel FILE NAME: 0078J-JJB.dft
The Netherlands
info@denocomp.nl SCALE: WEIGHT: SHEET 3 OF 3
Item Quantity Title Subject Comments
Number
1 1 VALVE PART 0097D SET 0097D
2 1 SOLENOID COIL 0097E AVAILABLE / SET 0097D
3 1 NIPPLE 8108A SET 0097D
2 4 1 CONNECTOR 0097C SET 0097D
1
SOLENOID COIL:
-50-60Hz
-10W
4
1
3
1
CONNECTOR:
-DIN 43650
DIRECTION OF FLOW Warning:
Never switch on power to the coil when the coil is dismounted from
the valve. Otherwise the coil may be damaged and there is risk of
injuries and burns
NAME DATE
VALVE PART DRAWN JJB 09/08/10
CHECKED
-Normally Open
ENG APPR AUTOMATIC DRAIN VALVE
MGR APPR
1 DENO Compressors B.V. SIZE REV
1 Van der Giessenweg 49 A3 SUBJECT: 0097D
2921 LP Krimpen aan den IJssel FILE NAME: 0097D-JJB.dft
The Netherlands
info@denocomp.nl SCALE: WEIGHT: SHEET 1 OF 1
Item Quantity Title Subject Comments
Number
1 1 1 CONNECTOR 0098B AVAILABLE
1
2 1 LEVEL SENSOR 0098A AVAILABLE
3 1 COPPER PACKING 7508B AVAILABLE
CONNECTOR
-DIN 72 585
LEVEL SENSOR
-Operating voltage: 24VDC
2 -Medium temperature: -30vC - 125vC
1 -Ambient temperature: -30vC - 125vC
-Pressure resistance: 25 bar
-Thread: M18x1,5
3
1
NAME DATE
DRAWN JJB 02/04/10
CHECKED
ENG APPR OIL LEVEL SENSOR
MGR APPR
DENO Compressors B.V. SIZE REV
Van der Giessenweg 49 A3 SUBJECT: 0098A
2921 LP Krimpen aan den IJssel FILE NAME: 0098A-JJB.dft
The Netherlands
info@denocomp.nl SCALE: WEIGHT: SHEET 1 OF 1
40
120 60
100
11
30
14
L2/2K-15/35
NAME DATE
M10 DRAWN JJB 02/04/10
CHECKED
ENG APPR VIBRATION DAMPER
MGR APPR
DENO Compressors B.V. SIZE REV
Van der Giessenweg 49 A3 SUBJECT: 7013A
2921 LP Krimpen aan den IJssel FILE NAME: 7013A-NN.dft
The Netherlands
info@denocomp.nl SCALE: WEIGHT: SHEET 1 OF 1