ATOMIC STRUCTURES

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. The wave function  of 2s – orbital is given by

1/ 2
1  1   r  r / 2a0
 2s     2   e
2 2  a 0   a0 

At r = r0, radial node is formed. Which of the following is

correct?
(a) r0 = 2a0 (b) 2r0 = a0
(c) r0 = 3a0 (d) None of these is correct
Explanation: (a)
At r = r0   0 2
2s

r
It is possible only when 2 0
a0

 r0 = 2a0

2. Which of the following set of quantum numbers belong to

highest energy?
1
(a) n = 2, l = 1, m = 0, s = + 2
1
(b) n = 3, l = 0, m = 0, s = + 2
1
(c) n = 4, l = 0, m = 1, s = + 2
1
(d) n = 4, l = 1, m = 1, s = + 2

Explanation: (d)

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 For (d), the value of n + l = 3 + 2 = 5. In other cases the
value of (n + l) is less than 5.
The orbital having higher (n + l) value has higher energy.

3. An electron is accelerated through V voltage. Its de Broglie

wavelength is
h 12.27
(a) (b) Å
2m.eV V
1
150  2
(c)  V  Å (d) all of these
Explanation: (d)
1
h  h   h 2 2
 ; (K.E. = e·V);   =   1020  A º
2 m KE  2 m e·V   2 m ·eV 
1
150 2 12.27
=  V  A º  V A º

4. Which one among the following statements is correct?

(a) An orbital containing an electron having quantum
numbers n = 2; l = 0; m= 0 and s = +1/2 is spherical.
(b) The frequency of X-rays is less than that of radio-
waves.
(c) All photons have same energy.
(d) As intensity of light increases, its frequency also
increases.
Explanation: (a)

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 Any orbital with l = 0 has spherical symmetry irrespective
of the value of its principal quantum number.

5. The ratio of radii of first orbits of H, He+ and Li2+ is

(a) 1: 2: 3 (b) 6: 3: 2
(c) 1: 4: 9 (d) 9: 4: 1
Explanation: (b)
n2
r= Z
× 0.529 Å
1 1
rH : rHe  : rLi2 =1: 2
: 3
=6:3:2

6. How many electrons will have m (magnetic quantum

number) = 0 in Fe3+ ion?
(a) 12 (b) 13
(c) 11 (d) 14
Explanation: (c)
Fe: 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d6
Fe3+: 1s22s22p63s23p63d5
Electron with m = 0 are 11.

7. The radius of second stationary orbit in Bohr’s atom is R.

The radius of the third orbit will be
(a) 3 R (b) 9 R
(c) 94 R (d) 4 R
Explanation: (c)

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 n2
rn = 0.529 Z
Å
4
r2 = 0.529 × Z
=R (for n = 2)
9 R
r3 = 0.529 × Z
=9× 4
(for n = 3)

8. The work function for a metal is 4 eV. To emit a photo-

electron of zero velocity from the surface of the metal, the
wavelength of incident light should be
(a) 2700 Å (b) 1700 Å
(c) 5900 Å (d) 3100 Å
Explanation: (d)
6.626  1034  3  108
hc
 w0 + KE(but KE = 0) ; = = 3.1 × 10–7
 4  1.6  1019
m = 3100 Å.

9. The maximum amount of BaSO4 that can be obtained on

mixing 0.5 mol BaCl2 with 1 mol H2SO4 is
(a) 0.5 mol (b) 0.1 mol
(c) 0.15 mol (d) 0.2 mol
Explanation: (a)
BaCl2 + H2SO4 BaSO4 + 2HCl
Moles taken initially 0.5 mol 1 mol 0 0
0 0.5 mol 0.5 mol1 mol
The limiting reagent is BaCl2. Hence, a maximum of 0.5
mole of BaSO4 will be obtained.

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10. The wave number of the first emission line in the H–atom
spectrum in the Balmer series in terms of Rydberg’s
constant (RH) is given by
5R H 3R H
(a) cm 1 (b) cm 1
36 4
7R H 9R H 1
(c) cm 1 (d) m
144 400
Explanation: (a)
1 1 1
 RZ 2  2  2  n1 = 2, n2 = 3, Z = 1
  n1 n 2 
1 1 1 1 5R
 R    cm1
 4 9  36

11. It ‘0’ is the threshold wavelength for photoelectric

emission, ‘’ the wavelength of light falling on the surface
of a metal and ‘m’ is the mass of the electron, then the
velocity of ejected electron is given by
1/ 2 1/ 2
 2h   2hc 
(a)  m ( 0  ) (b)  m ( 0   ) 
   
1/ 2 1/ 2
 2hc   0     2h  1 1  
(c)    (d)    
 m   0    m   0  

Explanation: (c)
hc hc 1
h  h  KE i.e.   mv 2
 0 2
0

1/ 2
 2hc  1 1  
v      

 m   0 

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12. Energy of the third orbit of Bohr’s atom is
(a) 13.6 eV (b) 34 eV
(c) 1.5 eV (d) none of the three
Explanation: (c)
 13.6  Z 2 eV
En = [Z = 1, n = 3]
n2
 13.6
= 9
= 1.5 eV.

13. The electronic velocity in the fourth Bohr’s orbit of

hydrogen is V. The velocity of the electron in the first orbit
would be:
(a) 4 V (b) 16 V
(c) V/4 (d) V/16
Explanation: (a)

14. The ratio of the difference between 1st and 2nd Bohr’s orbits
energy to that between 2nd and
3rd orbits energy is
(a) 1/2 (b) 1/3
(c) 27/5 (d) 5/27
Explanation: (c)
E = 13.6 × Z
eV ;
n2
E1 = 13.6 eV ;
E2 = 13.6 × 14 = 3.4 eV.

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 E2 E1 = 3.4  (13.6)eV = 10.2 eV.
E3 = 13.6 × 19 = 1.51 eV ; E4 = 13.6 × 1
16
= 0.85 eV
E4 E3 = 0.85 + 1.51 = 0.66 eV.
 EE 2  EE1 = 10.2
0.66
= 27
5
.
4 3

15. If the radius of first Bohr orbit is x, then de Broglie

wavelength of electron in 4th orbit is nearly
(a) 8x (b) 6x
(c) 4x (d) 2x
Explanation: (a)
r1 = x
r4 = 16x ( r  n2)
Also,  = h
mv
……(i) (from de Broglie equation)
nh
And mvr = 2
……(ii)
From (i) and (ii)
2r = n
= 2r
n

 Wavelength of electron in 3rd orbit.

2 16 x
3 = 2r3
n3
= 4
= 8x.

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16. According to Bohr's Model of hydrogen atom
(a) total energy of the electron is quantized
(b) angular momentum of the electron is quantized and
h
given as l (l  1) ·
2

(c) both (a) and (b)

(d) none of these
Explanation: (c)
According to Bohr's model of H-atom, both
(i) total energy of the electron is quantized and
(ii) Angular momentum of the electron is quantized and is
h
given as l (l  1) · and true.
2

(iii)

17. Photoelectric emission is observed from a surface for

frequencies 1 and 2 of incident radiations (1>2). If the
maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons in the two cases
are in the ratio of 2: 1, then threshold frequency v0 is given
by
 2  1 21   2
(a) (b)
2 1 2 1
2 2  1  2  1
(c) (d)
2 1 2
Explanation: (c)
KE1 = h1 – h0
KE2 = h2 – h0

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 KE1 h (1   0 ) 2 1   0 2ν 2  ν 1
 ;  ; 0  .
KE 2 h ( 2   0 ) 1  2   0 2 1

18. Correct order of radius of the 1st orbit of H, He+, Li2+, Be3+
is
(a) H > He+> Li2+> Be3+
(b) Be3+> Li2+> He+> H
(c) He+> Be3+> Li2+> H
(d) He+> H > Li2+> Be3+
Explanation: (a)
For the same orbit radius  1
atomic number

19. The calculated value of magnetic moment of 26Fe3+ is

(a) 3.89 B.M (b) 1.73 B.M
(c) 4.90 B.M (d) 5.92 B.M
Explanation: (d)
Magnetic moment = n(n  2) B.M where n is the number of
unpaired electrons.
For Fe3+ ion n = 5 so,   5(5  2) = 35 B.M

20. If the K.E. of a particle is doubled, its de Broglie

wavelength becomes
(a) 2 times (b) 4 times
1
(c) 2 times (d) times
2

Explanation: (d)
9
 1 E2
 where ' E' is the K.E. of a particle.
2 E1

As per the above relation, when K.E. is doubled, its

1
wavelength becomes times.
2

21. Which of the following statement is correct in relation to

the hydrogen atom?
(a) 3s–orbital is lower in energy than 3p–orbital.
(b) 3p–orbital is lower in energy than 3d–orbital.
(c) 3s and 3p–orbitals are of lower energy than 3d–orbitals.
(d) 3s, 3p and 3d–orbitals all have same energy.
Explanation: (d)
Energy of single electron system is only depend on the
principle quantum number, so that energy of different
orbitals of same principle quantum number is same.

22. The outermost electronic configuration of the most

electronegative element is
(a) ns2np3 (b) ns2np4
(c) ns2np5 (d) ns2np6
Explanation: (c) ns2np5

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INTEGER TYPE QUESTIONS
23. According to Bohr’s theory, the electronic energy of H
19
atom in nth Bohr orbit is given by En =  21.76 210 joule.
n

Calculate the longest  of light that will be needed to

remove an electron from III Bohr’s orbit of He+ ion.
Express your answer in Å units.
Explanation: (2053 Å)
 21.76  1019
E3H = = 2.42 × 1019 joule
32

E 3He = Z2 × E 3H = 2.42 × 1019 × 4 = 9.68 × 1019 joule.

Now if electron is to be removed from III orbit energy
equivalent to 9.64 × 1019 must be provided. Therefore,
hc
E3 = 
6.625 1034  3.0  108
or  = hc
= = 2.053 × 107 m
E3 9.68  1019

= 2053 × 1010 m = 2053 Å.

24. An element with atomic number 20 will be placed in the

period of the periodic table
Explanation: (4)
Atomic number 20  1s22s22p63s23p64s2

25. The radius of the first Bohr orbit of hydrogen atom (n = 1)

is approximately 0.530 Å. The radius of the first excited
state (n = 2) of hydrogen atom is
11
Explanation: (2.12 Å)
rn  r1  n 2 [for hydrogen atom]

rn = 0.53 × n2 Å [n = 2]
 0.53 4
rn =2.12 Å.

26. In Mn2+ ion, the number of unpaired electrons is

Explanation: (5)

27. If electrons are excited to 4th shell in He+ ion, the number of
wavelengths emitted by electrons during deexcitation are
Explanation: (6)
n (n  1)
By n C2 formula ie. Total number of transitions = 2
.

28. The first excitation energy for hydrogen atom would be

Explanation: (10.2 eV)
 13.6
E2 E1 = 4
 13.6 = 10.2 eV.

29. Assuming Rydberg’s constant (RH) to be 109670 cm–1, the

longest wavelength line in the Lyman series of the
hydrogen spectrum is
Explanation: (1215.8 Å)
1  1 1  1 1  3
 R H Z 2  2  2   109670    (109670) cm 1
   1 4  4
 n1 n2 

 = 1215.8  10–8cm i.e.,

12
 = 1215.8 Å

30. The ratio of (E2 – E1) to (E4 – E3) for the hydrogen atom is
approximately equal to
Explanation: (15)
  E1   3E1  E 1 E1 7 E1
E 2  E1    E1   , E 4  E3   
 4  4 16 9 16  9
E 2  E1 3 144 108 108
   = ~ 15.
E4  E3 4 7 7 7

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