Dike Protection

1
DIKE AND SPILL PROTECTION

DIKED AREA
Dikes are typically constructed around above ground On products that are water miscible/polar solvent, the
storage tanks. They are contours of land or physical application rate may increase. Contact the Applications
barriers that will retain fuel to a depth greater than 1". Engineering Department at Buckeye for assistance and
recommendations.
At many manufacturing or storage facilities, the flammable
liquid storage area can be a number of small tanks within DIKE PROTECTION WITH FIXED MOUNTED LOW
a common diked area. These tanks are often surrounded LEVEL FOAM MAKERS
by pipe rack arrangements and pumps. In instances like
this, the total dike area and not the storage tanks could When using fixed mounted foam makers as the primary
be considered the hazard to be protected by a suitable protection system for a dike it shall be designed in
fixed foam fire protection system. This could be achieved accordance with the following. A foam solution supply
by using: pipe should be installed on the outside perimeter wall
of the dike and at equally spaced intervals also mounted
• Low level fixed mounted foam makers. on the outside wall, foam makers are attached to the
• Monitors. supply pipe. Both the Buckeye 1 1/2" (38mm) and the
Buckeye 2 1/2" (63 mm) foam maker should have a
• Foam water spray nozzles or a foam sprinkler system minimum of 12" of straight pipe upstream from the
over the hazard area. foam maker inlet. The discharge pipe from each foam
• Supplementary support with portable foam application maker is designed to allow for an increase in foam
equipment should also be available. expansion and decrease the velocity of the discharging
foam which will then supply a low velocity mass of foam
See following chart for application rates. uniformly over the dike area.
For flammable liquids requiring AR-AFFF type foam On the discharge side of the Buckeye 1 1/2" (38 mm)
concentrate, the discharge duration shall be 30 minutes foam maker, it is recommended that a length of 3"
with the application rate as recommended by Buckeye diameter pipe be connected to the foam maker outlet and
applications engineering department. used as the discharge pipe. This pipe should have a
minimum length of 28" with a maximum of 100" and
If the dike to be protected is located outdoors, additional shaped to dis-charge the foam against the inside wall of
considerations should be made during the design stage the dike at approximately 12" above the maximum
when using either a monitor or foam/water sprinkler sys- expected level of any flammable liquid spill. With the
tem. Climatic conditions such as wind or rain, can affect Buckeye 2 1/2" (63 mm) foam maker the recommended
the performance of these systems. It may be necessary diameter of the dis-charge pipe is 4" with the minimum
to increase the application rate to compensate for the length being 28" and the maximum 120".
adverse conditions. If within the dike area there are
many obstructions that could impede the performance The maximum spacing between fixed mounted foam
of the overhead or monitor system, supplementary makers is 30 feet when the discharge rate from each
low level foam discharge devices may be required. foam maker is 60 gpm or less and no point within the dike
area should be more than 30 feet from any discharge
If an overhead foam/water sprinkler system is used it outlet. If the flow rate is above 60 gpm, the maximum
should be designed in accordance with NFPA 16 Installa- distance between each foam maker around the dike
tion of Foam-Water Sprinkler Systems. The application perimeter can be increased to 60 feet and no point
rate using AFFF on hydrocarbon fuels is 0.16 gpm per within the dike being more than 60 feet from any
sq. ft. discharge outlet. Large dike areas are permitted to be
subdivided to keep the total design solution within
practical limits.
2
Fig. 11 shows a typical dike protection system using low Fig. 12 shows a typical dike protection system using
level foam makers. automatic oscillating monitors.
The minimum application time and discharge durations
MONITOR PROTECTION for fixed foam application discharge devices on a diked
area involving hydrocarbons is per the following table.
If foam monitors are used as the primary protection
method, they should be located outside the dike area. If
non air-aspirating type nozzles are used or the monitor
has a high velocity discharging stream. It should be
directed against the dike wall, tanks, or other
structures within the dike to lessen the impact of the
discharging foam stream on the fuel surface. Application
rate and discharge duration shall be in accordance with
the chart for fixed foam application discharge devices.
Type of Foam Minimum Application Rate Minimum Discharge Time (min.)

Discharge Outlet
Class I CLASS II
gpm/ft2 [(L/min.)/m2] Hydrocarbon Hydrocarbon
Fixed low-level 0.10 (4.1) 30 20

foam discharge outlets
Foam monitors 0.16 (6.5) 30 20

FIG - 11 DIKE PROTECTION
3
FIG - 12 DIKE PROTECTION
4
HORIZONTAL STORAGE TANK
TO ADDITIONAL
PROTECTED AREAS
DIRECTIONAL SPRAY
NOZZLES (TYP)
DIKE WALL
HORIZONTAL
STORAGE TANK
PROPORTIONING SYSTEM
PRODUCT
TRANSFER PUMP
FLAMMABLE LIQUID
PRODUCT LINE
EXAMPLE OF BLADDER TANK SYSTEM
FOR FLAMMABLE LIQUID STORAGE
USING OVERHEAD SPRAY NOZZLES
5
TANK AND DIKE PROTECTION
6

Dike Protection

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Dike Protection

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Dike Protection

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

1

DIKE AND SPILL PROTECTION

Type of Foam Minimum Application Rate Minimum Discharge Time (min.)

Fixed low-level 0.10 (4.1) 30 20

Foam monitors 0.16 (6.5) 30 20

You might also like