Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 14 views

    Prob

    Uploaded by

    Shreya Singh
    This document summarizes key concepts in probability covered in Chapter 3: 1) It covers foundational probability concepts like the law of large numbers, the central limit theorem, and properties of normal, exponential, and uniform distributions. 2) It provides examples of calculating probabilities of events occurring from coin flips, dice rolls, randomly selecting objects from groups, and games/puzzles involving random processes. 3) It introduces expectations of random variables including the expected number of steps to reach a goal and the expected number of trials until a target outcome occurs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Prob

    Uploaded by

    Shreya Singh
    14 views2 pages
    This document summarizes key concepts in probability covered in Chapter 3: 1) It covers foundational probability concepts like the law of large numbers, the central limit theorem, and properties of normal, exponential, and uniform distributions. 2) It provides examples of calculating probabilities of events occurring from coin flips, dice rolls, randomly selecting objects from groups, and games/puzzles involving random processes. 3) It introduces expectations of random variables including the expected number of steps to reach a goal and the expected number of trials until a target outcome occurs.

    Original Description:

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document summarizes key concepts in probability covered in Chapter 3: 1) It covers foundational probability concepts like the law of large numbers, the central limit theorem, and properties of normal, exponential, and uniform distributions. 2) It provides examples of calculating probabilities of events occurring from coin flips, dice rolls, randomly selecting objects from groups, and games/puzzles involving random processes. 3) It introduces expectations of random variables including the expected number of steps to reach a goal and the expected number of trials until a target outcome occurs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    14 views2 pages

    Prob

    Uploaded by

    Shreya Singh
    This document summarizes key concepts in probability covered in Chapter 3: 1) It covers foundational probability concepts like the law of large numbers, the central limit theorem, and properties of normal, exponential, and uniform distributions. 2) It provides examples of calculating probabilities of events occurring from coin flips, dice rolls, randomly selecting objects from groups, and games/puzzles involving random processes. 3) It introduces expectations of random variables including the expected number of steps to reach a goal and the expected number of trials until a target outcome occurs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Chapter 3

    Probability

    3.1 You have a bag with two coins. One will come up heads 40% of the time,
    and the other will come up heads 60%. You pick a coin randomly, flip it and
    get a head. What is the probability it will be heads on the next flip?

    3.2 What is the Law of Large Numbers? The Central Limit Theorem? Give
    an example(s) of a distribution that satisfies one, but not both.

    3.3 In front of you is a jar of 1000 coins. One of the coins has two heads,
    and the rest are fair coins. You choose a coin at random, and flip it ten times,
    getting all heads. What is the probability it is one of the fair coins?

    3.4 Suppose you have a fair coin, and you flip it a million times. Estimate the
    probability that you get fewer than 499,000 heads.

    3.5 [STRAWA] Starting at one vertex of a cube, and moving randomly from
    vertex to adjacent vertices, what is the expected number of moves until you
    reach the vertex opposite from your starting point?

    3.6 What are some important features of the exponential distribution?

    3.7 Give an example of random variables that are normal, uncorrelated, and
    dependent.

    3.8 You have a spinner that generates random numbers that are uniform be-
    tween 0 and 1. You sum the spins until the sum is greater than one. What is
    the expected number of spins?
    2
    3.9 X ∼ N(µX , σX ) and Y ∼ N(µY , σY2 ) are independent, and you know
    X + Y = s. What is the expected value of X?

    3.10 A stick is broken randomly into 3 pieces. What is the probability of the
    pieces being able to form a triangle?

    4
    3.11 A stick is broken randomly into two pieces. The larger piece is then
    broken randomly into two pieces. What is the probability of the pieces being
    able to form a triangle?

    3.12 This is based on a Goldman Sachs interview question. You play a game
    where you toss two fair coins in the air. You always win $1. However, if you
    have tossed 2 heads at least once, and 2 tails at least once, you surrender all
    winnings, and cannot play again. You may stop playing at anytime. What’s
    your strategy?

    3.13 (St. Petersburg Paradox) Consider the following game played by flipping
    a fair coin. The pot begins at a $1, and the pot doubles until a tail is flipped,
    at which point you receive the pot. Assume you can play as many times as you
    want. What would you pay to play this game?

    3.14 (Monte Hall Problem) You are on a game show, and there are 3 doors.
    Two of the doors conceal something worthless, and one door conceals a valuable
    prize. The game show host, Monte Hall, knows where the prize is. He lets you
    pick a door, then he opens one of the remaining two doors to reveal something
    worthless. He then offers you the chance to switch doors. Should you? How
    would you convince someone else of your answer?

    3.15 What is the expected number of rolls of a fair die needed to get all six
    numbers?

    3.16 You have a bucket of unfair coins. Each coin has a probability of getting
    heads, p, which is uniformly distributed between zero and one. You pick a coin,
    and flip it 64 times, getting 48 heads. What is the expected value of p for your
    coin?

    3.17 A room of 100 people put their business cards in a hat, then each person
    randomly draws a business card. What’s the expected number of people who
    draw their own business card?

    3.18 A red ant and a black ant are at opposite vertices of a cube. Each
    randomly picks an edge to traverse and moves to the next vertex. They continue
    this until they meet. What is the expected number of edges each ant traverses?

    3.19 If you roll a die repeatedly, what is the expected number of rolls until
    you see consecutive sixes?

    3.20 Alex and Beth take turns flipping a pair of coins. The first person to flip
    a pair of heads wins the game. Alex flips first. Beth eventually wins. What is
    the probability she flipped a pair of heads on her second turn?

    3.21 Hanxi flips a fair coin 11 times, and Aixi flips the coin 10 times. How
    likely is it that Hanxi flipped more heads than Aixi?

    You might also like