PYTHON PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT SESSION 2021-22

1. x = input(“Enter any value: ”) #input() function to read console input

print(x)

2. x = ‘rahul’ #operations on string

print( x[0] ) #string indexing

print( x[-1] )

print( x[0 : 5] ) #string slicing

print( x[0 : -1] )

print( x[-1 : -2] )

y = ‘verma’

print( x+y ) #string concatenation

print( x[0] + y[0] )

print( x[2 : 4] + y[-1 : 0] )

print( x * 3) # string repetition

print( x[0] * 5 )

Output:- r

rahul

rahu

rahulverma

rv

hu

rahulrahulrahul

rrrrr

x = [ 5, ‘rahul’, 3.14, 759, 0.13 ] #operation on list

print( x[-2], x[0], x[1], x[4] ) #list indexing

print( x[ - 1 : -5 ], x[ 0 : 4 ], x[ -1 : 0 ] ) #list slicing

 PYTHON PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT SESSION 2021-22



y = [ ‘hello’, ‘world’ ]

print( x+y ) #list concatenation

print( y[0]+’ ’+x[1])

print( ‘smile’ + ’ ’ +y[1][0] + ’it’+ y[0][0] +’ ’+ x[1][4] + y[0][4]+’ve’ )

print( y[0][4]*3 + y[0][0]*5 + ‘ ’ + ’N’ + y[0][4]*7) #list repetition

Output :- 759 5 rahul 0.13

[0.13, 759, 3.14, ‘rahul’ 5] [5, ‘rahul’, 3.14, 759, 0.13]

[5, ‘rahul’, 3.14, 759, 0.13, ‘hello’, ‘world’]

hello rahul

smile with love

ooohhhhh Nooooooo

x = ( 5, ‘rahul’, 3.14, 759, 0.13 ) #operations on list

print( x[-2], x[0], x[1], x[4] ) #tuple indexing

print( x[ - 1 : -5 ], x[ 0 : 4 ], x[ -1 : 0 ] ) #tuple slicing

y = ( ‘hello’, ‘world’ )

print( x+y ) #tuple concatenation

print( y[0]+’ ’+x[1])

print( ‘smile’ + ’ ’ +y[1][0] + ’it’+ y[0][0] +’ ’+ x[1][4] + y[0][4]+’ve’ )

print( y[0][4]*3 + y[0][0]*5 + ‘ ’ + ’N’ + y[0][4]*7) #tuple repetition

Output :- 759 5 rahul 0.13

(0.13, 759, 3.14, ‘rahul’ 5) (5, ‘rahul’, 3.14, 759, 0.13)

(5, ‘rahul’, 3.14, 759, 0.13, ‘hello’, ‘world’)

hello rahul

smile with love

ooohhhhh Nooooooo

import itertools. #operations on dictionary

x = {

‘Brand’ : ‘Hero’,

‘Model’ : ‘splender’,

 PYTHON PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT SESSION 2021-22

‘Number’ : ‘RJ14 0000’,

‘Owners’ : [‘rahul’, ‘mukesh’, ‘ramesh’, ‘suresh’] }

print( x[ ‘Brand’ ], x[ ‘Owners’ ][ 0 ] ) #dict indexing

res = dict( itertools.islice(x.item(), 2) ) #dict slicing

y = x[ ‘Model’ ] + x[ ‘Owners’ ][ 3 ] )

print( y )

print( x[ ‘Color’ ] * 3 ) #dict repetition

Output :- Hero rahul

Brand : Hero

{‘Brand’ : ‘Hero’, ‘Model’ : ‘splender’}

splendersuresh

x = { ‘hello’, 99, .39, 8, ‘ankit’, 2}#set objects are not subscriptable

print( x )

Output :- { ‘hello’, 99, .39, 8, ‘ankit’, 2}

 PYTHON PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT SESSION 2021-22

5. import random

random.randint( 0, 99) #return random a integer x<= I >=y

Output :- 57

random.randrang( 57, 999, 3) #returns random an integer

#in between range randarang( start, stop, step )

Output :- 927

random.random() #returns a random floating value

Output :- 0.5313843048739985

import math

import random

print( math.sin( random.random() ) ) #sin(),cos() function defined

#in math module

print( math.cos(random.randint(49,99) ) )

Output :- 0.7739405962953605

0.7301735609948197

6. def func1( x, y ):

print(‘In func1\n')

a = x + y

return a

def func2( x, y ):

print(‘in func2\n’)

a = x * y

return a

def func3( x, y ):

print(‘in func3\n’)

return a

a = x - y

 PYTHON PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT SESSION 2021-22

a = func1( 53, 89.2)

b = func2( ‘python’, 4)

c = func3( math.log(5), random.random())

print(a, b, c)

Output :- in func1

in func2

in func3

142.2 pythonpythonpythonpython 0.9013081295104165

7. fp = open( ‘/Users/rahulverma/desktop/temp.txt’, ‘r’) #load file in

# fp open() function is use for open a file of given location and mode

print( fp.read() ) #will read the whole content of file

print( fp.read( 5 ) ) #will read first five chracter of file

line = fp.readline()

for I in line: #will read the whole file line by line

print( i )

fp.close() #close the current open file

fp = open( ‘/Users/rahulverma/desktop/temp.txt’, ‘w’)

y = input(‘input to file: ’)

fp.write( y ) #this will input write on file but remove all existing
content of the file

fp.close() #will close the current opend file

fp = open(‘/Users/rahulverma/desktop/temp.txt’,’a’) #appending

x = input(‘input to file: ’)

fp.write( x ) #use to give input to file

fp.close(). #input will print on the file after the file close

#coping file content

fp = open( ‘/Users/rahulverma/desktop/temp.txt’, ‘r’ )

fc = open( ‘/Users/rahulverma/desktop/coied_file.txt’, ‘a’)

for line in fp:

 PYTHON PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT SESSION 2021-22

fc.write( line )

fp.close()

fc.close()

 PYTHON PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT SESSION 2021-22

10. Import numpy as np

x = np.array( [ [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ] ,[ 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 ] ] )

print( x[0][1], x[1][4] ) #numpy array indexing

Output :- 2 10

print( x[ 0 ][ 0:4 ], x[ 0, 0:4] , x[1, 0:-1] ) #numpy array slicing

Output :- [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ] [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

print( ‘shape before reshaping ‘, x.shape )

b = x.reshape( 5,2 ) #array reshaping (only way of reshaping x)

print( ‘array after reshaping ’, b.shape, b )

Output :- shape before reshaping ( 2, 5 )

[[ 1 2 ]

[ 3 4 ]

[ 5 6 ]

[ 7 8 ]

[ 9 10 ]]

#numpy array joining

y = np.array( [ [ 11, 12, 13, 14, 15], [16, 17, 18, 19, 20] ] )

print( np.concatenate( ( x, y ) ) ) #default according to row

print( np.concatenate( ( x, y ), axis =1 ) ) #according to column

print( np.stack( ( x, y ) ) ) # x/y

print( np.vstack( (x, y) ) ) # x / y

print( np.hstack( ( x, y ) ) ) # x y

Output :- [ [ 1 2 3 4 5 ]

[ 6 7 8 9 10 ]

[ 11 12 13 14 15 ]

[ 16 17 18 19 20 ] ]

[ [ 1 2 3 4 5 11 12 13 14 15 ]

[ 6 7 8 9 10 16 17 18 19 20 ] ]
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[ [ 1 2 3 4 5 ]

[ 6 7 8 9 10 ] ]

[ [ 11 12 13 14 15 ]

[ 16 17 18 19 20 ] ] #stack

[ [ 1 2 3 4 5 ]

[ 6 7 8 9 10 ]

[ 11 12 13 14 15 ]

[ 16 17 18 19 20 ] ] #vstack

[ [ 1 2 3 4 5 11 12 13 14 15 ]

[ 6 7 8 9 10 16 17 18 19 20 ] ] #hsatck

#numpy array splitting

z = np.array( [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 ] )

print( np.array_split( z, 3 ) )

print( np.array_split( z, 4 ) )

a = np.array_split( x, 2 )

print( a[ 0 ] )

print( a[ 1 ] )

print( np.array_split( x, 4 ) )

Output :- [ array( [1, 2] ), array( [3, 4] ), array( [5, 6] ) ]

[ array( [1, 2] ), array( [3, 4] ), array( [5] ), array( [6] ) ]

[[12345]]

[ [ 6 7 8 9 10 ] ]

[ array( [ [1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ] ] ), array( [ [6, 7, 8, 9, 10] ] ), array( [ ],

shape=(0,5), dtype=int64 ), array( [ ] ), shape=(0,5), dtype=int64 ]
 PYTHON PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT SESSION 2021-22
11. import numpy as np

x = np.array( [ 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 ] )

y = x * ( 3.14 / 180 )

#universal mathematical functions

print( np.sin( y[ 5 ] ) ) #sin( ) function

print( np.cos(y[ 5 ] ) ) #cos( ) function

print( np.tan( y[ 5 ] ) ) #tan( ) function

print( np.arccos( y[ 1 ] ) ) #inverse cos( ) function

print( np.arcsin( y[ 4 ] ) ) #inverse sin( ) function

print( np.arctan( y[ 5 ] ) ) #inverse tan( ) function

print( np.sinh( y[ 5 ] ) ) #hyperbolic sinh( ) function

print( np.cosh( y[ 5 ] ) ) #hyperbolic cosh( ) function

print( np.tanh( y[ 5 ] ) ) #hyperbolic tanh( ) function

print( np.rad2deg( y[ 5 ] ) ) #convert radian to degree

print( np.rad2deg( x[ 5 ] ) ) #convert degree to radian

Output :- 0.8657598394923445

0.500459689008205
1.7299292200897907

1.2144110951818066

1.0597274793641782

nan

0.8081955160998497

1.248517659007662

1.5996238135430383

0.7805070469926899

59.96958255702618

3437.746770784939

#universal statistical function

print( np.mean( x ) ) #compute mean of array

print( np.median( x ) ) #compute median of array

print( np.std( x ) ) #compute standard deviation

 PYTHON PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT SESSION 2021-22

print( np.var( x ) ) #compute variance of array

print( np.average( x ) ) #compute average of array

print( np.amin( x ) ) #returns minimum value present

print( np.amax( x ) ) #returns maximum value present

print( np.percentile( x, 70 ) ) #calculate percentile

Output :- 35.0

35.0

17.07825127659933

291.6666666666667

35.0

10

60

45.0
 PYTHON PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT SESSION 2021-22

12. Import pandas as pd

data = pd.read_csv( ‘/Users/rahulverma/downloads/Births-and-

deaths/births-deaths-by-region.csv’)

#statistical functions in pandas

print( data.mean( ) ) #returns mean of every column except

object)

print( data.median( ) ) #returns median of every column except

object

print( data[‘Count’].mode( ) ) #returns mode of every column

print( data.max( ) ) #returns maximum value of every column

except object

 PYTHON PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT SESSION 2021-22
print( data.min( ) ) #returns minimum value of every
column

print( data.std( ) ) #returns standard deviation of every column

print( data.var( ) ) #returns variance of every column

print( data.count( ) ) #returns number of non-null observations

#comparison operations in pandas

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15. 1. Handeling missing values in data frames

a. data.fillna(0) fill 0 in missing values

b. data.isnull() returns false for non missing values

2. apply() - method is use for giving dataframe to function to perform

various arithmetic operations

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map() - method is use for mapping series in dataframe

3. String operations in dataframes

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4. Bar plot
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3. problem - find, he/she is voter or not

age = int( input( ‘Enter age: ’ ))

if age>18 and age<120:

print( ‘You are a voter’ )

else:

prin( ‘Invalid age criteria’ )

problem - find sum of the digits of given number

x = int( input( ‘Enter any number: ’ ) )

while( x> 0):

a = x %10

sum = sum + a

x = x//10

 PYTHON PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT SESSION 2021-22

8. Exception handling - try, except, finally and raise keywords are use
to handle exception

try - this keyword’s code block identify the upcoming exceptions

except - this keyword is use to catch the specific exception

finally - this keywords blocks execute always after the try and except’s
block

raise - the raise keyword allows programmer to force a specific

exception to occur example: NameError(), ZeroDivisionError()

try:

k = 5 / 0 #after the exception the control will goes to except

print( k )

except ZeroDivisionError:

print( ‘exception caught - divide by zero error')

finally:

print( ‘this is always execute’ )

Note:- Exception is the base class for all exceptions.

9. class py:

def pow(self, x, n):

if x==0 or x==1 or n==1:
return x

if x==-1:
if n%2 ==0:
return 1
else:
return -1
if n==0:
return 1
if n<0:
return 1/self.pow(x,-n)
val = self.pow(x,n//2)
PYTHON PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT SESSION 2021-22

if n%2 ==0:
return val*val
return val*val*x

print(py().pow(2, -3));
print(py().pow(3, 5));
print(py().pow(100, 0));
 PYTHON PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT SESSION 2021-22
4. # function to check if two strings are

# anagram or not

s1 ="listen"

s2 ="silent"

if(sorted(s1)== sorted(s2)):

print("The strings are anagrams.")

else:

print("The strings aren't anagrams.")

test_list3 = [1, 4, 5, 6, 5]

test_list4 = [3, 5, 7, 2, 5]

test_list3 = test_list3 + test_list4

print ("Concatenated list using + : "

+ str(test_list3))

# initialising _list

ini_tuple = [('b', 100), ('c', 200), ('c', 45),

('d', 876), ('e', 75)]

print("intial_list", str(ini_tuple))

# removing tuples for condition met

result = []

for i in ini_tuple:

if i[1] <= 100:

result.append(i)

print ("Resultant tuple list: ", str(result))

 PYTHON PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT SESSION 2021-22
#a Set

set1 = set()

set1 = set("GeeksForGeeks")

print("\nSet with the use of String: “)

print(set1)

# the use of Constructor

String = ‘hello world'

set1 = set(String)

print(set1)

set1 = set(["Geeks", "For", "Geeks"])

print("\nSet with the use of List: “)

print(set1)

#dictionary

test_dict1 = {'gfg' : 1, 'best' : 2, 'for' : 4, 'geeks' : 6}

test_dict2 = {'for' : 3, 'geeks' : 5}

print("The original dictionary 1 is : " + str(test_dict1))

print("The original dictionary 2 is : " + str(test_dict2))

# Update dictionary with other dictionary

for key in test_dict1:

if key in test_dict2:

test_dict1[key] = test_dict2[key]

print("The updated dictionary is : " + str(test_dict1))

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