9

Mathematics
NOT

Quarter 4, Wk. 4 - Module 4

Angles of Elevation and Angles of Depression

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Math- Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4, Wk. 4 - Module 4: Angles of Elevation and Depression
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education – Division of Iligan City

Schools Division Superintendent: Roy Angelo L. Gazo, PhD.,CESO V

Development Team of the Module

Author/s: Ana Flordeliza D. Haganas
Evaluators/Editor: (_______________________)
Illustrator/Layout Artist: Jonathan Ryan D. Haganas
Management Team
Chairperson: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Regional Director

Co-Chairpersons: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr. CESO V

Asst. Regional Director
Roy Angelo E. Gazo, PhD, CESO V
Schools Division Superintendent
Nimfa R. Lago,PhD, CESE
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Mala Epra B. Magnaong, Chief ES, CLMD

Members Neil A. Improgo, EPS-LRMS

Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr., EPS-ADM
Henry B. Abueva OIC-CID Chief
Exquil Bryan P. Aron, EPS-Math
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Meriam S. Otarra, PDO II
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Department of Education – Division of Iligan City
Office Address: General Aguinaldo, St., Iligan City
Telefax: (063)221-6069
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 Mathematics
Quarter 4, Wk. 4 - Module 4
Angles of Elevation and Depression

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed

by educators from public and private schools, colleges, and or/universities.
We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to email their
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We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

This page is intentionally blank
 Table of Contents

What This Module is About........................................................................................................................ i

What I Need to Know................................................................................................................................... ii
How to Learn from this Module................................................................................................................ii
Icons of this Module.................................................................................................................................... iii

What I Know................................................................................................................................................. iii

Lesson 1:
Angle of Elevation and Angle of Depression........................................................1
What I Need to Know......................................................................................................1
What’s New .................................................................................................................... 2
What Is It.............................................................................................................................3
What’s More ..................................................................................................................... 4
What Is It.............................................................................................................................4
What’s More ..................................................................................................................... 5
What Is It.............................................................................................................................6
What’s More ..................................................................................................................... 9
What I Have Learned......................................................................................................10
What I Can Do.................................................................................................................. 10

Summary
Assessment: (Post-Test)
Key to Answers........................................................................................................................................ 14
References................................................................................................................................................. 15
This page is intentionally blank
What This Module is About
This module is about angle of elevation and angle of depression. You will be
learning how to identify angle of elevation and angle of depression. As you go through the
module, you will learn how to illustrate angle of elevation and angle of depression and solve
real-life problems.
 What I Need to Know

In this lesson, you will learn the following:

 Identify angles of elevation and angles of depression.

 Illustrate angles of elevation and angles of depression.
 Solve real-life problems involving angles of elevation and angles of depression.
How to Learn from this Module
To achieve the objectives cited above, you are to do the following:
• Take your time reading the lessons carefully.
• Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises diligently.
• Answer all the given tests and exercises.

Icons of this Module

What I Need to This part contains learning objectives that
Know are set for you to learn as you go along the
module.

What I know This is an assessment as to your level of

knowledge to the subject matter at hand,
meant specifically to gauge prior related
knowledge
What’s In This part connects previous lesson with that
of the current one.

What’s New An introduction of the new lesson through

various activities, before it will be presented
to you

What is It These are discussions of the activities as a

way to deepen your discovery and under-
standing of the concept.

What’s More These are follow-up activities that are in-

tended for you to practice further in order to
master the competencies.

What I Have Activities designed to process what you

Learned have learned from the lesson

What I can do These are tasks that are designed to show-

case your skills and knowledge gained, and
applied into real-life concerns and situations.

II
 What I Know

PRE-ASSESSMENT

Find out how much you already know about this module. Choose the letter that you think
best answer the questions. Please answer all items.

1. Given the figure, what do you call the angle from the boat to the tower?
a. angle of elevation
b. angle of depression
c. right angle
d. obtuse angle
2. The angle of depression from the top of a building to a car travelling towards the
building ___________ as the car travels closer.
a. decreases b. increases c. remains d. inverses
3. The angle of elevation from your eye to the top of an eighteen-foot flagpole
________ as you walk farther from the flagpole.
a.inverses b. remains c. increases d. decreases
4. Which equation can be used to find the value of angle x in the given figure?
300 400
a. cos � = 400 c. tan � = 300

300 300
b. sin � = 400 d. tan � = 400
5. Using the figure in question 4, what is the measure of angle x to the nearest degree?
a. 530 b. 490 c. 370 d. 410
6. A man flies a kite with a 100 foot string. The angle of elevation of the string is 520.
How high off the ground is the kite?
a. 78.8 ft. b. 126.9 ft. c. 56.8 ft. d. 34.5 ft
7. From the top of a vertical cliff 40m high, the angle of depression of an object that is
level with the base of the cliff is 340. How far is the object from the base of the cliff?
a. 69.7 m b. 70.2 m c. 56.1 m d. 71.5 m
8. A 14 foot ladder is used to scale a 13 foot wall. At what angle of elevation must the
ladder be situated in order to reach the top of the wall? (Nearest degree)
a. 600 b. 680 c. 750 d. 350
9. A 100 ft. building casts a 300 ft. shadow from the sun. What is the angle of
depression to the nearest degree?
a. 720 b. 710 c. 180 d. 190
10. A tree casts a 25-foot shadow on a sunny day, as shown on the diagram. If the
angle of elevation from the tip of the shadow to the top of the tree is 320, what is the
height of the tree to the nearest tenth of a foot?

a. 13.2 ft. b. 15.6 ft. c. 21.2 ft. d. 40.0 ft.

Take note the items that you were not able to answer correctly and find the right answers
as you go through this module.
This page is intentionally blank
 Lesson
Angles of Elevation and
1 Angles of Depression

My younger brother and I are playing badminton. As I hit the shuttle cock, it landed
on the roof. Using a 4-meter ladder, will I reach the top of the roof? As to what angle will I
inclined the ladder? Is the height of the ladder enough to reach the 3-meter roof top? Is the
ladder not so steep? Will I not be scared to go up?

As I reach the top of the roof, my younger brother is cheering at me from afar. Can
he catch the shuttle cock if I am going to throw it to him? How far is my brother from me?

Let us have fun as we explore through the lesson the answers of those questions
above.

What I Need to Know

In this lesson, you will learn how to:

 Identify angles of elevation and angles of depression

 illustrate angles of elevation and angles of depression and
 solve problems involving angles of elevation and angles of depression.
 What’s New

As we set our foot on this journey, remembering the trigonometric ratios will give us
success. So, let the journey begins here.

Activity 1: Look Up ↑ Look Down ↓

Follow the steps below and answer the questions that follow:
 Move around the room. Find two objects that are at your eye level and list them on
the table and draw.

A. Objects at Eye Level

1. 2.

 Let’s go outside. Find two objects/structures that are above your eye level and list
them on the table and draw.

B. Objects above Eye Level

1. 2.

 Now, find two objects/structures that are below your eye level and list them on the
table and draw.

C. Objects below Eye Level

1. 2.
Let’s take a rest. Answer the following questions.
Questions:
1. How did you find the activity?
2. Describe the illustrations you have created from the activity.
3. What mathematical concepts have you learned from the activity? When you look
up at the things above your eye level, is there an angle formed? How about when
you look down?
4. Do you think you can directly measure the height of the object/structure you have
listed in the activity?

What Is It

As we continue with our journey, knowledge of some significant terms is very

important.

Definition of Terms:

Line of sight is an imaginary line that your eye follows when looking at something.

The angle of elevation is the angle between the horizontal line and the line of sight when
looking at the object above.

The angle of depression is the angle between the horizontal line and the line of sight when
looking at the object below.
 What’s More

Activity 2: Identify Me!

In the following figures, identify the segment that represent the line of sight and
identify the angles (if any) that represent the angle of elevation or angle of
depression.

FIGURE LINE OF ANGLE OF ANGLE OF

SIGHT ELEVATION DEPRESSION
1.

2.

Questions:
1. How did you identify the line of sight, angle of elevation and angle of
depression?
2. Do you think you can use these ideas as you solve real-life problems
involving angle of elevation and angle of depression?

What Is It

Now, it’s time to learn how to illustrate angle of elevation and angle of
depression in a given problem.

Problem 1
A nursery plants a new tree and attaches a guy wire to help support the tree
while its roots take hold. An eight foot wire is attached to the tree and to a stake in
the ground. From the stake in the ground the angle of elevation of the connection
with the tree is 420. Find to the nearest tenth of a foot, the height of the connection
point on the tree.
Illustration:

Problem 2
From the top of a fire tower, a forest ranger sees his partner on the ground at
an angle of depression of 400. If the tower is 45 feet in height, how far is the partner
from the base of the tower, to the nearest tenth of a foot?

Illustration:

What’s More

Activity 3: Am I in the Right Place?

Identify the correct illustration of the given problem. Choose the correct answer.

1. A man flies a kite with a 50 foot string. The angle of elevation of the string is 55o. How
high off the ground is the kite?

a. b.
2. From the top of the tower 35 m high, a man is observing the base of a tree at an angle
of depression measuring 30 degrees. Find the distance between the tree and the
tower.

a. b.

3. The angle of elevation of the top of the building at a distance of 45 m from its foot on a
horizontal plane is found to be 650. Find the height of the building.

a. b.

4. Janelle is standing on top of a 47 foot building and sees her friend, Molly. If Molly is 25
feet away from the base of the building, what is the angle of depression from Janelle
to Jhea? Janelle’s eye height is 5 feet.

a. b.

What Is It

At this point of time, you already know how to identify and illustrate angle of elevation
and angle of depression. You are now equipped with those knowledge and ready to solve
those problems that you may encounter in this journey. So, let’s keep moving on. Be a
Problem Solver.
Given the following problems, illustrate and solve.

Problem 1: Find the shadow cast by a 10 foot lamp post when the angle of elevation of the
sun is 58º. Find the length to the nearest tenth of a foot.

ILLUSTRATION: SOLUTION:
Note: In order to solve the problem, you must
Let x be the length of the shadow be able to create a right triangle, and apply the
trigonometric ratios. Based on the given, you
are going to use:

��������
tan � =
��������
10
tan 58° =
�
By cross multiplication,
10
�=
tan 58°
10
�=
1.6003
� = 6.2
Therefore, the length of the shadow is 6.2 ft.

Problem 2: How far away is a boat from the lighthouse if the lighthouse is 120 ft. tall and the
angle of depression to the boat is 15°? Give the distance to the nearest tenth of a foot.

ILLUSTRATION: SOLUTION:
When solving a problem with an angle of
depression, you need to find the measure
of an angle inside the triangle which is the
alternate interior angle. With the given data,
the trigonometric ratio to be used is:

��������
tan � =
��������

120
tan 15° =
�
By cross multiplication,
120
tan 15° =
�
120
Therefore, the distance of the boat from the �=
tan 15°
lighthouse is 447.9 ft. 120
�=
tan 15°
120
�=
0.2679
� = 6.2
Problem 3: The same man now stands atop a building. He measures the angle of elevation
to the building across the street to be 27° and the angle of depression to the base of the
building across the street to be 31°. If the two buildings are 50 feet apart, how tall is the taller
building?

ILLUSTRATION:

Let y be the height of the taller building

SOLUTION:
The problem involves angle of elevation and
angle of depression. Let us draw the
triangle.
Let w be the height of the shorter building.
Let x be the difference of the taller building
and the shorter building.
Let y be the height of the taller building which
is y = w + x.

Let us solve for w which is the height of the If we use triangle B, can we get the same
shorter building. We can use either of this answer?
two triangle, ∆A and ∆B. These two
Since opposite angles are
sides of a complementary.
parallelogram This means the
are both parallel sum of their
and congruent, measures is
then this side 900. Therefore,
A measures 50 ft. A the measure of
the other angle
B B
is 900 – 310 =
590.

Let us use triangle A. Using the Using the trigonometric ratio,

trigonometric ratio, ��������
tan θ = ��������
��������
tan θ = �������� 50
�
tan 590 = �
tan 31 =
0
50
50 w = tan 59°
w = 50 tan 310 50
w = 50 (0.6) w = 1.66
w = 30 ft. w = 30.12 ft.
Round to the nearest ft., w = 30 ft.
Therefore, you can use either of the two
triangle.
To solve for x, use the trigonometric ratio, To solve for y,
��������
tan θ = �������� y=w+x
� y = 30 + 25.5
tan 270 = 50 y = 55.5 ft.
x = 50 tan 270
x = 50 (0.51) Therefore, the height of the building is 55.5 ft.
x = 25.5 ft.

What’s More

Activity 4: Illustrate Me!

Illustrate the problems using the given information. Use any variable for the unknown.
1. While standing at the poolside, you spot a coin at the bottom of the pool. The pool is
3 feet deep and the angle between the top of the water and the coin is 200. How far
away is the coin from you along the bottom of the pool?
2. You are standing in front of your house and spot a bird’s nest on the tree that is 3m
away from you. The angle of elevation to the bird’s nest with respect to the ground is
750. How high is the bird’s nest?

What I Have Learned

Activity 5: Illustrate and Solve!

Illustrate and solve the following problems. Round to the nearest tenths.
1. A coconut tree casts a shadow of 20 feet long. The angle of elevation of the sun is
300. What is the height of the coconut tree?
2. From your balcony 8 feet high, you see a child across the street. The angle of
depression to the child is 350. How far is the child from your house?

What I Can Do

Activity 6: Draw and Solve!

Draw a diagram and solve the following problems. Round to the nearest tenths.
1. From a point on the ground 400 feet from the base of the building, it is observed that
the angle of elevation to the top of the building is 260 and the angle of elevation to the
top of the flagpole atop of the building is 300. Find the height of the flagpole.

2. A water tower is located 300 feet from a building. From a window in the building it is
observed that the angle of elevation to the top of the tower is 400 and the angle of
depression to the bottom of the tower is 200. How tall is the tower?
Summary
Definition:
 Line of sight is an imaginary line that your eye follows when looking at something.
 The angle of elevation is the angle between the horizontal line and the line of sight when
looking at the object above.
 The angle of depression is the angle between the horizontal line and the line of sight
when looking at the object below.

In this lesson you have studied how to illustrate and solve problems involving angle of
elevation and angle of depression. You were given an opportunity to do activities that
helped you define and identify angle of elevation and angle of depression through
illustrations. Also, you have learned that in solving real-life problems you need to draw a
diagram to visualize them.
 Assessment: (Post-Test)

Choose the letter that you think best answer the questions.

1. The line that connects the eye of an observer to the object is called _____.
a. horizontal line b. straight line c. line of sight d. vertical line
2. The baby is looking at the moon. The angle formed from the baby to the moon is an
_____.
a. angle of depreciation c. angle of depression
b. angle of elevation d. angle of oppression
3. The angle from the horizontal to the line of sight of the observer to the object below
is called ________.
a. angle of elevation c. angle of depression
b. right angle d. acute angle
4. A 15-foot ladder rests against a tree and forms 600 angle of elevation. Where is the
correct location of the 600 angle?
a. Between the foot of the ladder and the tree
b. Between the tree and the ground
c. Between the ladder and the tree
d. Between the foot of the ladder and the ground
5. The angle of depression from the top of a building to a car traveling towards the
building _________ as the car travels closer.
a. increases b. decreases c. remains constant d. becomes negative
6. Using the diagram, which ratio is correct in finding the angle of elevation from the
ground to the sun?
25 42
a. sin θ = 42 c. sin θ = 25
25 25
b. tan θ = 42 d. cot θ = 42

Use this problem to answer question #’s 7 & 8.

Jan stands 926 meters from a point directly below the peak of a mountain. The angle of
elevation to the top of the mountain is 420. (Use: sin 420 = 0.67; cos 420 = 0.74; tan 420 =
0.9)
7. Which equation can be used to find the height of the mountain (x)?
� 926 926 �
a. sin 420 = 926 b. tan 420 = � c. cos 480 = � d. tan 420 = 926
8. What is the height of the mountain?
a. 833.4 m b. 1,028.4 m c. 619.6 m d. 1,383.9 m
9. In the given diagram, what is the measure of the angle of depression from the bird to
the ground?
a. 5.40 c. 84.60

b. 900 d. 1800

10. A meteorologist measures the angle of elevation of a weather balloon as 370. A

radio signal from the balloon indicates that it is 1500 m from his location. How high
above the ground is the balloon? (Use: sin 370 = 0.6; cos 370 = 0.8; tan 370 = 0.75)
a. 1125 m b. 900 m c. 1200 m d. 2500 m
For numbers 11-12. A person is in a light house 225 ft. above sea level. She sees a ship in
the harbor. The angle of depression from her position to the ship is 480. (Use: sin 480 = 0.74;
cos 480 = 0.67; tan 480 = 1.11)
11. Which equation can she use to find the distance of the ship from the light house?
225 � 225 �
a. tan 480 = � b. cos 480 = 225 c. sin 480 = � d. sin 480 = 225
12. What is the distance of the ship from the light house?
a. 150.75 ft. b. 304.1 ft. c. 166.5 ft. d. 202.7 ft.

For numbers 13-15. A 7-meter ladder rests against the side of a house. The angle of
elevation of the ladder is 150. (Use: sin 150 = 0.26; cos 150 = 0.97; tan 150 = 0.27)
13. The side that represents the length of the ladder is ______.
a. hypotenuse b. adjacent c. opposite d. diagonal
14. Which equation represents the distance of the foot of the ladder from the wall?
7 7 � �
a. sin 150 = � b. cos 150 = � c. cos 150 = 7 d. tan 150 = 7
15. How far is the foot of the ladder from the wall?
a. 1.9 m b. 6.8 m c. 7.2 m d. 27 m
 Key to Answers

 PRE-ASSESSMENT  ACTIVITY 1
1. a (answers may
2. b vary)
3. d
4. d
5. c
6. a  ACTIVITY 2 ANGLE OF ANGLE OF
7. d ELEVATION DEPRESSION
8. b LINE OF SIGHT
1. YXW 1. WXZ
9. c
10. b 1. XY , XZ 2. BAC 2. DCA
2. AC

 ACTIVITY 3  ACTIVITY 4  ACTIVITY 5  ACTIVITY 6

1. a 1. 8.8 feet 1. 11.5 feet 1. 35.8 feet

2. b 2. 11.2 m 2. 11.4 feet 2. 360.9 feet
3. b
4. a

 POST TEST
1. c
2. b
3. c
4. d
5. a
6. b
7. d
8. a
9. c
10. b
11. a
12. d
13. a
14. c
15. b
References

 Mathematics Learner’s Material 9

 https://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/trig-finding-angle-right-triangle.html
 https://www.wappingersschools.org/cms/lib01/NY01001463/Centricity/Domain/1519/
Basic%20Trig%20quiz.pdf
 https://1.cdn.edl.io/xbsbUQmJHK50p2TtTJgFThpXyHE5IeiTuKou8P7FKNvnUXdl.pdf
 https://www.onlinemathlearning.com/angle-elevation-depression-2.html
 http://slideplayer.com/slide/15722691/
 https://www.vecteezy.com/vector-art/658726-castle-tower-cartoon-vector
 https://www.ck12.org/user:zxbpc2rtbublcglzzc5vcmc./book/episd-math-models-2015-
2016/section/2.5/
 https://www.birdvilleschools.net/cms/lib/TX01000797/Centricity/Domain/5830/Angle%
20of%20Elevation%20and%20Depression%20notes.pdf
 https://www.ck12.org/trigonometry/angles-of-elevation-and-
depression/lesson/Angles-of-Elevation-and-Depression-TRIG/
 https://www.dreamstime.com/high-rise-building-skyscraper-skyscraper-single-icon-
cartoon-style-vector-symbol-stock-illustration-web-high-rise-building-image98940030
 https://3docean.net/item/low-poly-cartoon-building/20823689
 https://www.freepik.com/premium-vector/man-cartoon-icon-avatar-people-person-
human-theme-colorful-design-vector-illustration_2322149.htm
For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

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