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    A1 Mandombe PSC

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    jeff
    Mandombe is a script created in 1978 to write four national languages of the Democratic Republic of Congo, with words in the script and their Romanizations and English translations provided. Questions ask to match the Mandombe words with their Romanizations and to identify how the numeral 5 would be written in Mandombe based on examples of how 1-4 are written.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    A1 Mandombe PSC

    Uploaded by

    jeff
    41 views5 pages
    Mandombe is a script created in 1978 to write four national languages of the Democratic Republic of Congo, with words in the script and their Romanizations and English translations provided. Questions ask to match the Mandombe words with their Romanizations and to identify how the numeral 5 would be written in Mandombe based on examples of how 1-4 are written.

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    A1_Mandombe_PSC

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    Mandombe is a script created in 1978 to write four national languages of the Democratic Republic of Congo, with words in the script and their Romanizations and English translations provided. Questions ask to match the Mandombe words with their Romanizations and to identify how the numeral 5 would be written in Mandombe based on examples of how 1-4 are written.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    41 views5 pages

    A1 Mandombe PSC

    Uploaded by

    jeff
    Mandombe is a script created in 1978 to write four national languages of the Democratic Republic of Congo, with words in the script and their Romanizations and English translations provided. Questions ask to match the Mandombe words with their Romanizations and to identify how the numeral 5 would be written in Mandombe based on examples of how 1-4 are written.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    Your name:

    The UK Linguistics Olympiad 2021


    Round 1

    Problem A1. Mandombe (15 marks)


    Mandombe is a script created in 1978 by Wabeladio Payi. Today, it is
    used to write the Democratic Republic of the Congo's four national
    languages—Kongo, Lingala, Tshiluba, and Swahili. According to legend,
    the script was revealed to Payi by Congolese prophet Simon Kimbangu
    in a dream; and at one point, the script landed its creator in trouble
    with the authorities because in traditional Kongo culture, mirrors are
    powerful, magical devices. Clearly, something about the script was too mirror-like.
    Here are some words (A-V) written in Mandombe and their corresponding Roman transliterations
    (1-22) and English translations.

    1 wonso at all
    2 tewa bang
    3 tuti cloud
    4 mfumvu cord
    5 ngombe cow
    6 umbuka dead
    7 kutu ear
    8 tiya fire
    9 mfinda forest
    10 mpunda horse
    11 lumonso left
    12 mongo mountain
    13 mpuku mouse
    14 mwisi smoke
    15 fula to blow
    16 zenga to cut
    17 zuba to hit
    18 simba to hold
    19 yimbila to sing
    20 venza to strike
    21 maza water
    22 nani who
    Your name:

    The UK Linguistics Olympiad 2021


    Round 1

    Q.A1.1. Use the table below to match the words (A-V) with their transcriptions (1-22).

    Mandombe A B C D E F G H I J K
    Roman
    Mandombe L M N O P Q R S T U V
    Roman

    Q.A1.2. The numerals 1, 2, 3, and 4 are written in Mandombe as shown below.

    How would you write the numeral 5? Choose one of the following alternatives by writing its letter-
    name in the bottom-right cell.

    your choice
    from a-e
    a b c d e
    Your name:

    The UK Linguistics Olympiad 2021


    Round 1

    Solution and marking.


    Scoring: (max 25)

    • A1.1: 1 point for each correct number. (max 22)


    • A1.2: 3 points for a correct choice. (max 3)

    Q.A1.1

    Mandombe A B C D E F G H I J K
    Roman 1 8 13 9 6 2 18 3 5 7 15
    Mandombe L M N O P Q R S T U V
    Roman 14 16 17 4 22 12 21 19 11 10 20

    Q.A1.2

    your choice
    from a-e
    a b c d e e
    Your name:

    The UK Linguistics Olympiad 2021


    Round 1

    Commentary
    The following comes from the Omniglot website (https://omniglot.com/writing/mandombe.htm).
    The following notes are based on the table of syllable shapes pasted at the end of the explanation.

    • Mandombe is built round the shape which looks like either 5 or 2, depending on its
    orientation. Call this shape '5/2'.
    • Each vowel consists of 5/2 combined with another shape. For the five basic vowels the
    second shape is also used for a number 1-5, so the vowel-shapes follow the phonetic vowel
    triangle, reading from front (e, e) to back (u, o) and top (i, u) to bottom (a). See the
    diagram below. (The sixth vowel doesn't occur in our data.)
    • Consonants are attached to one corner of 5/2, and combine with it to define a V or CV
    syllable. CCV is covered by other rules.
    • Consonants are classified in terms of 4 families and 5 groups.
    o The families determine the position of the consonant relative to its vowel as well as
    the orientation of 5/2:
    ▪ 5: top right or bottom left
    ▪ 2: top left or bottom right
    o The groups determine the shape of the consonant, but the shape is rotated or
    reversed according to how it is positioned:
    ▪ with 5: basic
    ▪ with 2: reversed
    ▪ above 5/2: basic
    ▪ below 5/2: rotated
    Thus families 2 and 4 are the rotated versions of 1 and 3, and 3 and 4 are the mirror
    images of 1 and 2 – hence the mention of mirrors in the introduction!
    Your name:

    The UK Linguistics Olympiad 2021


    Round 1

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