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    TABORADA - Act8 (Ketones and Aldehydes)

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    Justin Habaña Taborada
    This document contains a student's lab activity and report on aldehydes and ketones. It includes: 1) Identifying the structures of 5 aldehydes and ketones by name and drawing their line bond and molecular structures. 2) Writing the structures of 5 additional aldehydes and ketones and arranging their solubility from highest to lowest. 3) Completing 4 reactions of aldehydes and ketones by writing the products and type of reaction. 4) Differentiating aldehydes from ketones based on their structure, properties, uses, and importance to biological systems. The student discusses the presence or absence of hydrogen atoms, physical properties, common uses, and solvent properties.

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    TABORADA - Act8 (Ketones and Aldehydes)

    Uploaded by

    Justin Habaña Taborada
    14 views4 pages
    This document contains a student's lab activity and report on aldehydes and ketones. It includes: 1) Identifying the structures of 5 aldehydes and ketones by name and drawing their line bond and molecular structures. 2) Writing the structures of 5 additional aldehydes and ketones and arranging their solubility from highest to lowest. 3) Completing 4 reactions of aldehydes and ketones by writing the products and type of reaction. 4) Differentiating aldehydes from ketones based on their structure, properties, uses, and importance to biological systems. The student discusses the presence or absence of hydrogen atoms, physical properties, common uses, and solvent properties.

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    TABORADA_Act8 (Ketones and Aldehydes)

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    This document contains a student's lab activity and report on aldehydes and ketones. It includes: 1) Identifying the structures of 5 aldehydes and ketones by name and drawing their line bond and molecular structures. 2) Writing the structures of 5 additional aldehydes and ketones and arranging their solubility from highest to lowest. 3) Completing 4 reactions of aldehydes and ketones by writing the products and type of reaction. 4) Differentiating aldehydes from ketones based on their structure, properties, uses, and importance to biological systems. The student discusses the presence or absence of hydrogen atoms, physical properties, common uses, and solvent properties.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    14 views4 pages

    TABORADA - Act8 (Ketones and Aldehydes)

    Uploaded by

    Justin Habaña Taborada
    This document contains a student's lab activity and report on aldehydes and ketones. It includes: 1) Identifying the structures of 5 aldehydes and ketones by name and drawing their line bond and molecular structures. 2) Writing the structures of 5 additional aldehydes and ketones and arranging their solubility from highest to lowest. 3) Completing 4 reactions of aldehydes and ketones by writing the products and type of reaction. 4) Differentiating aldehydes from ketones based on their structure, properties, uses, and importance to biological systems. The student discusses the presence or absence of hydrogen atoms, physical properties, common uses, and solvent properties.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    Name: Taborada, Justin H.

    Date: 25/05/2022
    Course & Year: First Year – BS Biology Score: __________________

    Activity # 8

    ALDEHYDES and KETONES


    A. Identify and draw the line bond structure of of the following Aldehydes and Ketones

    Molecule Name (IUPAC) Expanded structure


    1.HCHO Methanal O

    H H

    2.CH3CH(CH3)CH2CHO 2-methylbutanal H

    H H
    H H

    H O

    H
    H
    H
    H

    3.CH3CH2CH2COCH2CH2CH3 Heptanal O
    H H H
    H H
    H H
    H
    H
    H H
    H H
    H

    4.CH3CH(CH3)CH(CH3)COCH3 3,5- H H
    O
    dimethylhexan- H H
    2-one H

    H CH3
    H

    H H H H

    H H
    5.CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CHO Hexanal H H
    H
    H O
    H H

    H H
    H
    H
    H H

    B. WRITE THE STRUCTURES OF THE FOLLOWING ALDEHYDES AND KETONES


    Name of Line bond structure Molecular Structure Arrangemen
    compounds t of
    solubility
    from highest
    to lowest
    (use number
    1 highest)
    1. Benzaldehyd H O 2
    e

    2. 1-1 diphenyl CH3 H O H 1


    H
    one H H
    O H H
    H
    H
    H H H

    H H

    3. pentanone H3C CH3 4

    O
    H H H H H H H 5
    H
    4.2- H
    methylhexanal O CH3
    O H H H H H H
    H
    CH3

    5. 3-hexanone H H H H H 3
    H
    H
    O H H H
    H H

    C. Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones :

    Complete the reaction by writing the products and Type of Reaction


    Involved

    1.(C5H6)- CHO + KMnO4 → C6H5COOH (Benzoic Acid) Oxidation Reaction


    2.CH3CH2CH2CHO + HCN → CH3(CH2)2CH(OH) (2- Nucleophilic Addition
    hydroxybutanenitrile) Reaction
    3.CH3CH2COCH3 + HCN → CH3C(OH)(CN)CH2CH3 (2-hydroxy- Nucleophilic Addition
    2-methylbutanenitrile) Reaction
    4.CH3CH2CH2CHO + CH3CH2OH→ Condensation Reaction
    CH3CH2CH2COOHCH2CH3 (ethyl butyrate)

    D.Discussion
    1.Differentiate Aldehydes from Ketones based on their structure, physical and chemical properties
    , uses and importance to biological system.
    In the aldehydes the presence of a hydrogen atom attached to the carbon-
    oxygen double bond, on the other hand ketones do not have hydrogen in their structure.
    To explain this further their physical properties are different in a way that Aldehydes
    contain a carbonyl group bonded to at least one hydrogen atom, whereas ketones
    contain a carbonyl group bonded to two organic R groups. The aldehydes can b use as
    tanning, preserving, and embalming and as a germicide, fungicide, and insecticide for
    plants and vegetables, but its largest application is in the production of certain polymeric
    materials. On the other hand, the Ketones are most widely used as solvents, especially
    in industries manufacturing explosives, lacquers, paints, and textiles. Ketones are also
    used in tanning, as preservatives, and in hydraulic fluids.

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