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    MAGMATISM

    Uploaded by

    Sheryl Lou Angeles
    Magmatism plays a key role in mountain formation by providing additional mass and volume through the ascent of new magmas. Magmas form through partial melting of silicate rocks in the mantle or crust. The most visible products of magmatism are volcanoes, whose type and activity depends on the composition and properties of the rising magma and its interaction with the surface. Subduction of oceanic crust leads to magma generation and the formation of volcanic cordilleras, while hot spots produce volcanic chains like Hawaii. Subduction involves one plate sliding under another, which can partially melt to form magma. This magma may erupt at the surface as volcanoes along the subduction zone.

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    MAGMATISM

    Uploaded by

    Sheryl Lou Angeles
    32 views2 pages
    Magmatism plays a key role in mountain formation by providing additional mass and volume through the ascent of new magmas. Magmas form through partial melting of silicate rocks in the mantle or crust. The most visible products of magmatism are volcanoes, whose type and activity depends on the composition and properties of the rising magma and its interaction with the surface. Subduction of oceanic crust leads to magma generation and the formation of volcanic cordilleras, while hot spots produce volcanic chains like Hawaii. Subduction involves one plate sliding under another, which can partially melt to form magma. This magma may erupt at the surface as volcanoes along the subduction zone.

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    Magmatism plays a key role in mountain formation by providing additional mass and volume through the ascent of new magmas. Magmas form through partial melting of silicate rocks in the mantle or crust. The most visible products of magmatism are volcanoes, whose type and activity depends on the composition and properties of the rising magma and its interaction with the surface. Subduction of oceanic crust leads to magma generation and the formation of volcanic cordilleras, while hot spots produce volcanic chains like Hawaii. Subduction involves one plate sliding under another, which can partially melt to form magma. This magma may erupt at the surface as volcanoes along the subduction zone.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    32 views2 pages

    MAGMATISM

    Uploaded by

    Sheryl Lou Angeles
    Magmatism plays a key role in mountain formation by providing additional mass and volume through the ascent of new magmas. Magmas form through partial melting of silicate rocks in the mantle or crust. The most visible products of magmatism are volcanoes, whose type and activity depends on the composition and properties of the rising magma and its interaction with the surface. Subduction of oceanic crust leads to magma generation and the formation of volcanic cordilleras, while hot spots produce volcanic chains like Hawaii. Subduction involves one plate sliding under another, which can partially melt to form magma. This magma may erupt at the surface as volcanoes along the subduction zone.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    MAGMATISM

    MAGMATISM plays a key role in mountain formation, as new ascending magmas produce additional
    mass and volume to the Earth’s surface and subsurface.

    Magmas form by partial melting of silicate rocks either in Earth’s mantle, the continental or the
    oceanic crust.

    VOLCANOES- the most visible and spectacular products of mountain formation as result of
    magmatism are without any doubt volcanoes. The resulting type of volcano and explosion is hereby
    depending of the input of greater depths such as the mass, composition and physical properties of the
    rising magma and also of its interaction with the surface and near surface.

    MAGMA GENERATION

    MAGMAS are formed by partial melting of silicate rocks either in Earth’s mantle or the continental
    crust, which in turn forms part of the continental crust and the entire oceanic crust.

    TYPES OF MAGMA GENERATION


    SUBDUCTION of oceanic crust eventually leads to rising magma bodies. This results in the formation
    of linear chain of volcanoes known as VOLCANIC CORDILLERAS above the subduction zone in
    continental or oceanic arcs. (eg The volcanic Andes, Japanese islands, Lesser Antilles)

    HOT SPOT VOLCANISM produces submarine or subaerial volcanic chains such as the GALAPAGOS
    ARCHIPEL (with the associated Carnegie and Cocos Ridge)Hawaii (with the emperor seamounts) or
    Yellowstone (with the Snake River Plain)

     Besides these two principal types of magma generation, MAGMATISM along rift zones shall be
    also taken into consideration.

    SUBDUCTION
     The geodynamic process of one plate sliding beneath another occurs along deep-sea trenches
     At oceanic spreading centers, new lithosphere is continually being generated. However, since the
    total surface area of Earth remains constant, lithosphere must also be destroyed elsewhere.
     This takes place at zones of plate convergence.
     There, usually the older, colder, and therefore denser plate sinks below another plate.
     Continental plates mostly consists of lighter material and can at most be partially subducted.
     The enormous forces acting during subduction are periodically expressed by great earthquakes.
     Volcanic and sedimentary materials scraped off the descending oceanic plate accumulates along the
    leading edge of the overriding plate as an accretionary prism and is eventually incorporated into
    adjacent plate margin as microplate or accreted terrane.
     Furthermore, when the subduction oceanic plate reaches a depth of abut 100 kilometers, partial
    melting of the water-rich oceanic crust and some of the overlying mantle created in this manner is
    less dense than the surrounding mantle rocks and will consequently slowly rise when sufficient
    quantities of molten rock have gathered.
     Most the rising magma will be emplaced in the overlying continental crust where it will cool and
    crystallize at a depth of several kilometers.
     The remaining magma will eventually migrate to the surface where it can give rise to numerous and
    occasionally explosive volcanic eruptions along a volcanic arch.

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