SRM INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Ramapuram, Chennai- 600089.

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

LAB MANUAL

18CSC202J - OBJECT ORIENTED DESIGN AND PROGRAMMING

CLASS : B.Tech. [U.G]

YEAR / SEM. : II Year / III Semester

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT : Elab - OOPS Concepts implementation

STAR UML – UML Diagrams

1
 SRM INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE NAD TECHNOLOGY
RAMAPURAM
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Year / Sem : II / III

Subject Name/Code: 18CSC202J / OBJECT ORIENTED DESIGN AND PROGRAMMING LAB

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS (30 Hours)

1. I/O Operations
2. Classes and Objects, Class Diagram
3. Methods and constructor, Use case
4. Constructor and method overloading
5. Polymorphism: Operators Overloading
6. UML Interaction Diagram
7. Inheritance and its types
8. Virtual Functions and Abstract class
9. State Chart and Activity Diagram
10. Templates
11. Exceptional Handling
12. UML Component, Deployment, Package Diagram
13. STL Containers
14. STL Associative Containers and Algorithms
15. Streams and File Handling

2
 Ex. No: 1
I/O Operations
Date:

Aim:
To Write a C++ Programs to
i) Find the Area of Triangle
ii) Find Area & circumference of circle
iii) Swapping of two values

Algorithm 1:

1. Start the program

2. Read the three sides of triangle a, b and c
3. Calculate the area using the formula √s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)
4. Till the value of s=(a+b+c)/2
5. display the area
6. Stop

Algorithm2:

1. Start the program

2. Declare the varaiables rad, area,ci
3. Get the values using cin
4. Calculate the Area of circle and circumference of a circle.
5. Stop

Algorithm 3:

1. Start the program

2. Declare the variables a,b
3. Get the values using cin
4. Swap the values using temporary variable
5. Display the values after swapping
6. Stop

3
Program 1:

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>

int main()
{

float area,s,a,b,c;
cout<<"Enter three sides of the Triangle for calculating Area”<<endl;
cin>>a>>b>>c;
s=(a+b+c)/2;
area=sqrt(s*(s-a)*(s-b)*(s-c));
cout<<”The area of Triangle is =”<<area;
return 0;
}

Output 1:

Enter the values of a, b and c

3
4
5
Area of Triangle = 6

Program 2:

#include<iostream.h>
int main()
{
int rad;
float PI = 3.14, area, ci;
cout<<”Enter radius of circle”<<endl;
cin>>rad;
area = PI * rad * rad;
cout<<”Area of circle : "<<area << endl;
ci = 2 * PI * rad;
cout<<”Circumference : "<< ci;
return (0);
}

4
Output2:

Enter radius of a circle : 1

Area of circle : 3.14
Circumference : 6.28

Program 3:

#include<iostream.h>
int main()

int var1, var2, swap;

cout<<"Enter value for first integer: ";
cin>>var1;
cout<<"Enter value for second integer: ";
cin>>var2;
cout<<" Values Before swapping: "<<endl;
cout<<"First Integer ="<<var1<<endl;
cout<<"Second Interger ="<<var2<<endl;
swap=var1;
var1=var2;
var2=swap;
cout<<" Values After swapping: "<<endl;
cout<<"First Integer ="<<var1<<endl;
cout<<"Second Interger ="<<var2<<endl;
return 0;
}

Output 3:
Enter value for first Integer: 5
Enter value for second integer: 10
Values before Swapping : 5
10
Values after Swapping:
10
5

Result: Thus the C program for Area of Triangle, Area & circumference of circle, Swapping
the values are executed successfully.

5
 Ex.No: 2 a
Classes and Objects
Date:

Aim:
1. To illustrate the concept and use of classes inside classes
2. To create a class clock which prints the sum of all time entered by the user.
3. To illustrate the concept of nesting of memeber functions in classes

Algorithm1:
1. START
2. Include all the required header files.
3. Declare a class address.
4. declare street, pin and hno. as data members of class address.
5. declare two functions of the class in public visibility mode
a) void geta()-for input
b) void showa()-for output
6. Declare a class person.
7. declare name and age as data memebers.
8. Create two functions void getp() and void outp() for input and output of data.
9. Create an object of class address inside the class person.
10. Using the object call the member functions of the class address.
11. Inside the main(), declare an object of class person.
12. Use that to take necessary input from the user.
13. Print the required output.
14. STOP

Algorithm2:

1. START
2. Create a class name called clock.
3. declare the following as data members of the class
a)h of type int(hours)
b)m of type int(mins)
4. Declare the folowing as member functions
a) void readtime()-to get the input
b) void showtime()- to show the output to the user
c) void addtime()-To add the time entered by the user
5. Use the following logic to calculate the total time

H=t1.h+t2.h
M=t1.m+t2.m

6
 if(M>=60)
H=H+1
M=M-60
6. Create an object of class clock in void main()
7. Using the object call the member functions to do the required task.
8. Call the function addtime() to add the quantities.
9. Show the required output using the function showtime().
10. STOP

Algorithm 3:

1. START
2. create a class lists
3. Declare the following as data members
a)int i,n lists[50];
4.Declare the following as member functions
a)void display()
b)void modify()
c) void input()
5. Create an object of class lists in void main().
6. Using thbe object call the void input() to take the input from the user.
7. Using the void display() show the entered list by the user.
8. Using void modify() multiply each element in the list by 10.
9.Call the function display() inside modify() to show thw output.
10. STOP

Program 1:

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class address
{
int hno;
char street[20];
int pin;
public:
void geta()
{
cout<<"Enter the houseno";
cin>>hno;
cout<<"Enter the street";
cin>>street;
cout<<"Enter the pin";
cin>>pin;
}

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 void showa()
{
cout<<"\nThe houseno"<<hno;
cout<<"\nThe street"<<street;
cout<<"\nThe pin"<<pin;
}
};

class person
{
address a;
char name[20];
int age;
public:
void getp()
{
cout<<"\nEnter the name";
cin>>name;
cout<<"\nEnter the age";
cin>>age;
a.geta();

}
void showp()
{
cout<<"\n Name"<<name;
cout<<"\n Age"<<age;
a.showa();
}
};
void main()
{
person p;
p.getp();
p.showp();
getch();
}

Output1 :

Enter the name John

Enter the age 29
Enter the houseno 678
Enter the street Park Street
Enter the pin 2345678

8
Name John
Age 29
Houseno 678
Street Park Street
Pin 2345678

Program 2:

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class clock
{
int h,m;
public:
void read_time( );
void show_time( );
void add_time(clock t1,clock t2);
};

void read_time()
{
cout<<"Enter hrs: ";
cin>>h;
cout<<"Enter mins: ";
cin>>m;
}

void show_time()
{
cout<<"\nhrs: "<<h<<"\nmins: "<<m;
}

void add_time(clock t1,clock t2)

{
int H, M;
H=t1.h+t2.h;
M=t1.m+t2.m;
if(M>=60)
{
H=H+1;
M=M-60;
}
cout<<"\ntotal hrs= "<<H<<"\ntotal mins= "<<M;
}

void main()
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{
clrscr();
clock t1,t2,c;
int i;
t1.read_time();
t2.read_time();
t1.show_time();
t2.show_time();
c.add_time(t1,t2);
getch();
}

Output2:

Enter hrs: 5
Enter mins: 25
Enter hrs: 6
Enter mins: 45
hrs: 5
mins: 25
hrs: 6
mins: 45
total hrs= 12
total mins= 10

Program 3:

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>

class lists
{
int i,n, list[50];

public:
void display();
void modify();
void input();
};

void lists::input()
{
cout<<"\n Enter the the length of the list";
cin>>n;
cout<<"\n enter the list"
for(i=0; i<n;i++)
10
 cin>>list[i];

void lists::modify()
{
for(i=0; i<n;i++)
list[i]=list[i]*10;
display();
}
void lists::display()
{
cout<<"\n the lists is:"
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
cout<<list[i]<<endl;
}
void main()
{
lists s;
s.input();
s.modify();
getch();
}

Output 3:

Enter the lenght of the list 6

Enter the list 1
2
3
` 4
5
6
the list is 10
20
30
40
50
60

Result: Thus the concept and use of use of classes inside classes, nesting of member
function in classes was illustrated successfully.

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 Ex.No: 2 b
Class Diagram
Date:

Aim:
To draw class diagram for banking system.

Result:
Thus the UML diagram for class diagram has been drawn successfully.

12
 Ex.No: 3a
Method and constructors
Date:

Aim:
To write a C++ program for implementing methods and constructors

Algorithm1:

1. Create the program

2. Declare the variables
3. Declare and define the method
4. Call the constructor by creating an object for it

Algorithm2:

1. Create the program

2. Declare the variables
3. Declare and define the constructor
4. Call the constructors by creating an object for it

Program1:
// C++ program to demonstrate
// accessing of data members

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
class Geeks
{
// Access specifier
public:

// Data Members
string geekname;

// Member Functions()
void printname()
{
cout << "Geekname is: " << geekname;
}
};

int main() {

// Declare an object of class geeks

Geeks obj1;

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 // accessing data member
obj1.geekname = "Abhi";

// accessing member function

obj1.printname();
return 0;
}

Output:
Geekname is:Abhi

Program2:
# include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class construct {
public:
int a, b;

// Default Constructor
construct()
{
a = 10;
b = 20;
}
};

int main()
{
// Default constructor called automatically
// when the object is created
construct c;
cout << "a: " << c.a << endl
<< "b: " << c.b;
return 1;
}

Output:
a:10
b:20

Result:
Thus the program for methods and constructors has been executed successfully

14
 Ex. No.: 3b
Use Case diagram
Date:

Aim:
To create a use case diagram for
i. Banking System Management
ii. Online Railway Reservation System
iii. ATM Machine System

Algorithm:

1. Identify Actors:
Actors are external entities that interact with your system. It can be a person, roles
another system or an organization.

2. Identifying Use Cases :

Identify what the actors need from the system.

3. Look for Common Functionality to use Include
If two or more use cases that share common functionality are present, the common
functions are extracted and added to a separate use case. Then it is connected via the include
relationship to show that it’s always called when the original use case is executed.

4. Look for possibilities to Generalize Actors and Use Cases

There may be instances where there are similar use cases but with a few attributes unique only to
them. In such instances, the use cases are generalized to show the inheritance

5. Chcek for Optional Functions or Additional Functions

There are some functions that are triggered optionally. In such cases, the extend relationship can
be used and an extension rule is attached to it. Extend also includes the possibility that the use
case connected by extending can supplement the base use case.

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Use case 1:

BANKING SYSTEM
Title:Banking System Management
Actors: Customer, NRFC Customer and Bank Employee
Preconditions: Customer has raised a request to open a Bank account.
Postconditions: The Customer is given a bank account and access to his/her account and will be
able to deposit, withdraw funds and convert currency.
Description: This use case description outlines the steps for a customer to open a bank
account, deposit, withdraw funds, view balance and convert currency.

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Use case 2:

Railway Reservation
Title: Online Railway Reservation Management
Actors: Traveller, Clerk and Railway Website
Preconditions: Traveller has logged into the Railway Reservation Website using an ID.
Postconditions: The Customer has either booked a ticket, checked availability of tickets or has
cancelled a booked ticket.
Description: This use case description provides the procedure that follows once a
traveller logs into the railway website to reserve tickets or to cancel them.

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Use case 3:

ATM Machine System

Title: ATM Machine System
Actors: Bank Customer, Bank and administrator
Preconditions: Customer has inserted the bank authorized ATM card.
Postconditions: The Customer is given options to either check balance, withdraw or deposit
funds for which a receipt is also generated
Description: This use case description depicts the steps that are taken by the ATM
Machine once the user has inserted the ATM card.

Result: Thus Use Case diagrams were drawn for a Banking System, Online Railway
Reservation System and a simple ATM Machine System with their respective description.

18
 Ex.No: 4
Constructor and Method overloading
Date:

Aim:

.
1. Write a C++ program illustrating Constructor overloading (Both parameterized and
default).
2. To write a C++ program for matrix manipulation with dynamic memory allocation
using
copy constructor and overloading of assignment operator.

Algorithm 1:

Step1: start
Step2: declare a class.
Step3: Declare constructors of different arguments
Sep4: define constructors.
Step5: Create objects with different arguments as that of constructors.
Step6: stop

Algorithm 2:

Step 1: Declare the class as Matrix.

Step 2: Declare the data member as r, c and **x.
Step 3: Declare the member functions for constructor, destructor, copy constructor,
getdata, putdata and operator overloading.
Step 4: In the main, create the object for the Matrix class.
Step 5: getdata() function, is used to get the matrix elements.
Step 6: putdata() function is used to display the matrix elements.
Step 7: constructor part is used to allocate the memory space for rows and columns.
Step 8: By overloading the operator “=”, it calls the respective function and performs the
operation.
Step 9: By overloading the operators “+” and “-”, it performs the addition and subtraction
of two matrices and display the result.
Step 10: Destructor is used to destroy the memory space.

19
Program1:
/* Program to illustrate Constructor Overloading (Both Parameterized and Default) */
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class perimeter
{
private:
int l,b,peri;
public:
perimeter() //default constructor
{
cout<<"\nEnter the values of l and b";
cin>>l>>b;
}
perimeter(int a) //Parameterized constructor with single parameter
{
l=b=a;
}
perimeter(int l1, int b1) //Parameterized constructor with two parameters
{
l=l1;
b=b1;
}
void calculate() //function to calculate the permeter
{
peri=2*(l+b);
cout<<peri;
}
};
int main()
{
perimeter obj1, obj2(3), obj3(2,3);
cout<<"\nPerimeter of Rectangle is ";
obj1.calculate();
cout<<"\nperimeter of Square is ";
obj2.calculate();
cout<<"\nPerimeter of Rectangle is ";
obj3.calculate();
return 0;
}

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Output 3:

Program2:

#include <iostream.h>
#include <iomanip.h>
#include <conio.h>

class Matrix
{
int r,c;
int **x;
public:
Matrix(int,int);
Matrix(Matrix &b);
Matrix operator = (Matrix b);
Matrix operator + (Matrix b);
Matrix operator - (Matrix b);
~Matrix();
friend istream & operator >>(istream &, Matrix& );
friend ostream & operator <<(ostream &, Matrix );
};
Matrix :: Matrix(int a=2,int b=2)
{
r=a;c=b;
x=new int*[r];
for(int i=0;i<r;i++)
x[i]=new int[c];

for(i=0;i<r;i++)
for(int j=0;j<c;j++)
{
x[i][j]=0;
}
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}
Matrix::Matrix(Matrix &b)
{
r=b.r;c=b.c;
x=new int*[r];
for(int i=0;i<r;i++)
x[i]=new int[c];

for(i=0;i<r;i++)
for(int j=0;j<c;j++)
{
x[i][j]=b.x[i][j];
}
}
Matrix::~Matrix()
{
for(int i=0;i<r;i++)
delete []x[i];
}

Matrix Matrix ::operator = (Matrix b)

{
r=b.r;c=b.c;
x=new int*[r];
for(int i=0;i<r;i++)
x[i]=new int[c];

for(i=0;i<r;i++)
for(int j=0;j<c;j++)
{
x[i][j]=b.x[i][j];
}
return b;
}
Matrix Matrix ::operator + (Matrix b)
{
Matrix t=b;
for(int i=0;i<r;i++)
for(int j=0;j<c;j++)
{
t.x[i][j]=x[i][j]+b.x[i][j];
}
return t;
}

22
Matrix Matrix ::operator - (Matrix b)
{
Matrix t=b;
for(int i=0;i<r;i++)
for(int j=0;j<c;j++)
{
t.x[i][j]=x[i][j]-b.x[i][j];
}
return t;
}
istream & operator >> (istream &in ,Matrix &a)
{
cout<<"\nEnter "<<a.r<<"x"<<a.c<<" Elements"<<endl;
for(int i=0;i<a.r;i++)
for(int j=0;j<a.c;j++)
{
in>>a.x[i][j];
}
return in;
}
ostream & operator << (ostream &ou ,Matrix a)
{
cout<<"\nThe Matrix is:"<<endl;
for(int i=0;i<a.r;i++,cout<<"\n"<<endl)
for(int j=0;j<a.c;j++)
{
ou<<setw(3)<<a.x[i][j]<<"\t";
}
return ou;
}

int main()
{
clrscr();
Matrix a,b,d;
int r,c;
cout<<"\nEnter the Matrix size"<<endl;cin>>r>>c;
a=Matrix(r,c);
cin>>a;
b=a;
cout<<"The a="<<a<<endl;
cout<<"The b="<<b<<endl;
d=a+b;
cout<<"\na+b"<<d<<endl;
d=a-b;
cout<<"\na+b"<<d<<endl;
23
 getch();
return 0;
}

Output4:
Enter the matrix of size2x2
23
23
The matrix A:
2 3
2 3
The matrix B:
2 3
2 3
The resultant matrix(A+B):
4 6
4 6

The resultant matrix(A-B):

0 0
0 0

Result:
Thus the program for method and constructor overloading is implemented and executed
successfully

24
 Ex. No: 5
Polymorphism: Operator Overloading
Date:

Aim:

Program to improve their skills on polymorphism

Algorithm:

1. Create a Class name

2. Declare the members of the class
3. Declare a operator in methods
4. Create main method
5. Call all the functions using objects.

Program:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

class Complex {
private:
int real, imag;
public:
Complex(int r = 0, int i =0) {real = r; imag = i;}

Complex operator + (Complex const &obj) {

Complex res;
res.real = real + obj.real;
res.imag = imag + obj.imag;
return res;
}
void print() { cout << real << " + i" << imag << endl; }
};

int main()
{
Complex c1(10, 5), c2(2, 4);
Complex c3 = c1 + c2; // An example call to "operator+"
c3.print();
}
Output:
12 + i9

Result:
Thus the concept of polymorphism has been implemented and executed

25
 Ex.No: 6
Inheritance and its types
Date:

AIM:

To analyze and design an Interaction Diagram for Automated Teller Machine Using Star
UML Software.

INFRASTRUCTURE:

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

▪ Processor: x86-based processor.

▪ Hard disk: 20 GB (min)
▪ RAM: 128 MB (min)

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

▪ Star UML Software

▪ Visual Basic 6.011

DESCRIPTION:

UML defines two types of Interaction Diagram: The Sequence Diagram and the Collaboration
Diagram. In Order to illustrate both types, the major use case are documented using Sequence
diagram and the specific subclasses of transaction (withdrawal etc) and the invalid PIN Extension
are documented using Collaboration Diagrams.

Sequence Diagram: Sequence diagrams typically show the flow of functionality through a use
case, and consist of the following components:
1. Actors , involved in the functionality
2. Objects , that a system needs to provide the functionality
3. Messages , which represent communication between objects

A Communication or Collaboration diagram: A Communication or Collaboration diagram, as

shown is a directed graph that uses objects and actors as graph nodes. The focus of the
collaboration diagram is on the roles of the objects as they interact to realize a system function.

26
Directional links are used to indicate communication between objects. These links are labeled
using appropriate messages. Each message is prefixed with a sequence number indicating the time
ordering needed to realize the system function.

PROCEDURE:

Step1: Open a Star UML Software

Step 2: To create a Sequence Diagram:

▪ Select first an element where a new Sequence Diagram to be contained as a child.

▪ Select Model | Add Diagram | Sequence Diagram in Menu Bar or select Add Diagram
| Sequence Diagram in Context Menu.

To create a Lifeline:

1. Select Lifeline in Toolbox.

2. Drag on the diagram as the size of Lifeline.

To create a Lifeline from a Classifier (Class, Interface, etc.) by Drag-and-Drop:

1. Drag a Classifier from Explorer.

2. Drop on the diagram.

You can use QuickEdit for Lifeline by double-click or press Enter on a selected Lifeline.

▪ Visibility : Change visibility property.

▪ Add Note : Add a linked note.
▪ Select Type : Select a type of the lifeline.
▪ Create Type : Create a Class as a type of the lifeline.
▪ Add Message with Lifeline : Add a message with a lifeline.
▪ Add Create Message with Lifeline : Add a create message with a lifeline.
▪ Add Self Message : Add a self message.
▪ Add Found Message : Add a found message.
▪ Add Lost Message : Add a lost message.
▪ Add Message from Gate : Add a message from a gate.
▪ Add Message to Gate : Add a message to a gate.

27
 To create an Endpoint:

1. Select Endpoint in Toolbox.

2. Click at the position on the diagram

To create a Gate:

1. Select Gate in Toolbox.

2. Click at the position on the diagram.

To create a State Invariant:

1. Select State Invariant in Toolbox.

2. Click on a Lifeline where the State Invariant to be attached.

To create a Continuation:

1. Select Continuation in Toolbox.

2. Drag on the diagram as the size of Continuation.

Step 3:To create Collaboration Diagram

The following elements are available in a collaboration diagram.
● Object
● Link
● Self Link
● Stimulus
● Frame
In order to create Object,
1. Click [Toolbox] -> [Collaboration] -> [Object] button.

In order to create outgoing stimulus from selected object to another object,

1. Double-click from-object, or select from-object and press [Enter] key to pop up

quick dialog.
2. At the quick dialog, enter stimulus name after "->" string ("<-" string for incoming
and "<->" for outgoing with return).

3.Press [Enter] key and outgoing stimulus from selected object to target object is created
and placed at the last order.

28
SEQUENCE DIAGRAM FOR WITHDRAWING AMOUNT FROM ATM

29
COMMUNICATION/COLLABORATION DIAGRAM:

▪ To Check Balance In ATM Machine

▪ To Deposit Cash in ATM Machine

RESULT: Thus the diagrams [Sequence, collaboration/Communication] for the Automated Teller
Machine has been designed, executed and output is verified.

30
 Ex.No: 7
Inheritance and its types
Date:

Aim:
To write a C++ program for handling bank account of customer using inheritance concept

Algorithm:

5. Create a class account

6. Declare the variables like cust_name,acc_name,acc_type
7. Declare and define the inline functions of get_details() and display_details() to get the
input and output
8. Define and create another class amount and inherit the public contents of the class
account
9. Use balance to get the balance value from the functions of deposit_amt() and
withdraw_amt()
10. Call the class money by creating an object for it

Program:

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class account
{
char cust_name[50];
int acc_no;
char acc_type[20];
public:
void get_details()
{
cout<<”\n enter customer name:”;
cin>>cust_name;
cout<<”\n enter account no:”;
cin>>acc_no;
cout<<”\n enter type of account:”;
cin>>acc_type;
}
void display_details()
{
cout<<”\n customer name:”<<cust_name;
cout<<”\n account no:”<<acc_no;
cout<<”\n type of account:”<<acc_type;
}
};
class money:public account
31
{
public:
float balance;
void get_balance();
{
cout<<”\n enter initial deposit:”;
cin>>balance;
}
void deposit_amt()
{
float amt;
cout<<”\n enter the amont to be deposited:”;
cin>>amt;
balance=balance+amt;
}
void withdraw_amt()
{
float amt;
cout<<”\n enter the amount to be withdrawn:”;
cin>>amt;
balance=balance-amt;
}
void display_balance()
{
cout<<”\n current balance in the account is:”;
cout<<balance;
}
};
void main()
{
money b;
b.get_details();
b.get_balance();
char c;
cout<<”\n whether you want to deposit or withdraw the amount(W/D):”;
cin>>c;
if(c==’W’)
b.withdraw_amt();
else
b.deposit_amt();
cout<<”the account details are:”;
b.display_details();
b.display_balance();
getch();
}

32
Output:

Enter Customer Name: Rahul

Enter Account Number: 50003133424
Enter Account Type: Savings
Enter initial Details: 10000
Whether you want to deposit or withdraw the amount (W/D):
W
Enter the amount to be withdrawn:
5000
The account details are:
Customer Name: Rahul
Account Number: 50003133424
Account Type: Savings
Current Balance in the account is: 5000

Result:
Thus the program for handling the bank account details with inheritance is implemented
and executed successfully.

33
 Ex. No: 8
Virtual functions and Abstract class
Date:

Aim:
To write a program to implement the concept virtual function and abstract class .

Algorithm 1:
1. Start the program
2. Define a base class called base and define a function called display as virtual in it.
3. Derive a new class called derived using a base class called base and define a function
called display in the respective classes.
4. Now display function shows the derived class display function.
5. Stop the program

Program 1:

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

class Base
{
int x;
public:
virtual void fun() = 0;
int getX() { return x; }
};

// This class inherits from Base and implements fun()

class Derived: public Base
{
int y;
public:
void fun() { cout << "fun() called"; }
};

int main(void)
{
Derived d;
d.fun();
return 0;
}
Output:
Fun() called

Result:
Thus the program to implement virtual function and abstract class has written and
executed successfully.

34
 Ex. No: 9
State chart and activity Diagram
Date:

Aim:
To draw state and activity diagram

State Diagram
.

35
Activity Diagram

RESULT:

Thus The state and activity diagram have been implemented successfully.

36
 Ex.No: 10
Templates
Date:

Aim:
1. To implement a C++ program to swap the numbers using the concept of function
template.
2. To implement a C++ program to display various datatypes using the concept of class
template.

Algorithm 1:

Step 1: Include the header files

Step 2: Declare the template class.
Step 3: Declare and define the functions to swap the values.
Step 4: Declare and define the functions to get the values.
Step 5: Read the values and call the corresponding functions.
Step 6: Display the results.

Algorithm 2:
Step 1: Include the header files
Step 2: Declare the template class.
Step 3: Create three objects s1,s2,s3
Step 4: Declare and define the functions to get the values.
Step 5: Read the values and call the corresponding functions.
Step 6: Display the results.

Program 1:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
template<class t>
void swap(t &x,t &y)
{
t temp=x;
x=y;
y=temp;
}
void fun(int a,int b,float c,float d)

37
{
cout<<"\na and b before swaping :"<<a<<"\t"<<b;
swap(a,b);
cout<<"\na and b after swaping :"<<a<<"\t"<<b;
cout<<"\n\nc and d before swaping :"<<c<<"\t"<<d;
swap(c,d);
cout<<"\nc and d after swaping :"<<c<<"\t"<<d;
}
void main()
{
int a,b;
float c,d;
clrscr();
cout<<"Enter A,B values(integer):";
cin>>a>>b;
cout<<"Enter C,D values(float):";
cin>>c>>d;
fun(a,b,c,d);
getch();
}

Output 1:

Enter A, B values (integer): 10 20

Enter C, D values (float): 2.50 10.80
A and B before swapping: 10 20
A and B after swapping: 20 10
C and D before swapping: 2.50 10.80
C and D after swapping: 10.80 2.50

Program 2 :

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
Template <class t1,class t2>
Class sample
{
T1 a;
T2 b;
Public:
Void getdata()
{
Cout<<”enter a and b values”;
Cin>>a>>b;
38
}
Void display()
{
Cout<<”displaying values”<<endl;
Cout<<”a=”<<a<<endl;
Cout<<”b=”<<b<<endl;
}
};
Int main()
{
Sample<int,int>s1;
Sample<int,char>s2;
Sample<int,float>s3;
Cout<<”two integer data”<<endl;
S1.getdata();
S1.display();
Cout<<”integer and character data”<<endl;
S2.getdata();
S2.display();
Cout<<”integer and float data”<<endl;
S3.getdata();
S3.display();
Getch();
Return 0;
}
Output 2:
Two integer data
Enter a and b:7 11
Displaying values
A=7
B=11
Integer and character data
Enter a and b:4 s
Displaying values:
A=4
B=s
Integer and float data
Enter a and b:14 19.67
Displaying values
A=14
B=19.67

RESULT:
Thus a C++ program to perform swap the numbers using the concept of template is
implemented successfully.
39
 Ex. No: 11
Exception Handling
Date:

Aim:

1. To implement a C++ program to perform exception handling for Divide by zero

Exception
2. To implement a C++ program to perform exception handling with multiple catch
statements

Program 1:

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a,b,c;
float d;
clrscr();
cout<<"Enter the value of a:";
cin>>a;
cout<<"Enter the value of b:";
cin>>b;
cout<<"Enter the value of c:";
cin>>c;
try
{
if((a-b)!=0)
{
d=c/(a-b);
cout<<"Result is:"<<d;
}
else
{
throw(a-b);
}
}
catch(int i)
{
cout<<"Answer is infinite because a-b is:"<<i;

40
 }
getch();
}

Output 3:

Enter the value for a: 20

Enter the value for b: 20
Enter the value for c: 40

Answer is infinite because a-b is: 0

Algorithm4 :
Step 1: Include the header files
Step 2: Declare and define the function test().
Step 3: Within the try block check whether the value is greater than zero or not.
a. if the value greater than zero throw the value and catch the corresponding exception.
b. Otherwise throw the character and catch the corresponding exception.
Step 4: Read the integer and character values for the function test().
Program 2:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void test(int x)
{
try
{
if(x>0)
throw x;
else
throw 'x';
}
catch(int x)
{
cout<<"Catch a integer and that integer is:"<<x;
}
catch(char x)
{
cout<<"Catch a character and that character is:"<<x;
}
}

41
 void main()
{
clrscr();
cout<<"Testing multiple catches\n:";
test(10);
test(0);
getch();
}

Output4 :

Testing multiple catches

Catch a integer and that integer is: 10
Catch a character and that character is: x

RESULT:

Thus a C++ program to perform exception handling for Divide by zero Exception,
exception handling with multiple catch is implemented successfully.

42
 Ex. No: 12
UML Package, Component, Deployment diagram
Date:

Aim:

To create an UML package, component and deployment diagram for Exam registration. It
meets the needs of the applicant and help them in registering for the exam ,enquiry about
the registered subject ,modification in database and cancellation for the registered subject.

Algorithm:

The Exam Registration System is an integrated system that has four modules as part of it.the
four modules are
1. Registration for the exam
In this module, the user can select the subject to register for the exam, Enquiry about the
registered subject, Modification in the student database, canceling the registered subject
2. Form for Registration
In this module the user can apply for the exam by giving the details about the candidate and
selecting the subject for the registration.
3. Modification in the Database
In this module the user can change the data’s like the phone number, address can be done.
4. Cancellation for the registered subject
In this module the user can cancel their name which is registered for the exam.

43
PACKAGE DIAGRAM
The three layer in the Exam registration system are user interface layer, domain
layer, technical service layer

a. The user interface layer- represents the user interface components such as
web, applicant, passport administrator, police, and regional administrator.
b. The domain layer- has major actions such as give and get details, verification
and issues
c. Technical service layer- authenticated user only can access the technical
services.

44
COMPONENT DIAGRAM
Component diagrams are used to visualize the organization and relationships among
components in a system

45
DEPLOYMENT DIAGRAM:
Deployment diagrams are used to visualize the topology of the physical components of a
system where the software components are deployed.

Result: Thus Package, Component and Deployment diagrams were drawn for Exam
Registration System with their respective descriptions.

46
 Ex.No: 13
STL Containers
Date:

Aim:
To construct a STL(Standard Template Library) for sequential containers and iterators

Algorithm1:

1. Include header files

2. Declare the map function for holding the employee details like Employee
Id and name.

3. Assign the values for Map container using array index notation

4. Display the details of an Employee using map name

5. Display all the details stored in map using iterators and Map functions.

6. End of program

Algorithm 2:

insert(const_iterator q, const value_type g) – Adds element ‘g’ before the element

referenced by iterator ‘q’ and returns an iterator that points to the newly added element
insert(const_iterator q, size_type n, const value_type g) – Adds ‘n’ elements each with
value ‘g’ before the element currently referenced by iterator ‘q’ and returns an iterator
that points to the first of the newly added elements
insert(const_iterator q, InputIterator first, InputIterator last) – Adds a range of elements
starting from first to last, the elements being inserted after the position currently referred
by ‘q’

Program1:
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

int main()
{
vector <int> gquiz1;
vector <int> gquiz2;

47
 vector <int> :: iterator i;

gquiz1.push_back(10);
gquiz1.push_back(20);

gquiz2.push_back(30);
gquiz2.push_back(40);

cout << "Before Swapping, \n"

<<"Contents of vector gquiz1 : ";

for (i = gquiz1.begin(); i != gquiz1.end(); ++i)

cout << *i << '\t';

cout << "\nContents of vector gquiz2 : ";

for (i = gquiz2.begin(); i != gquiz2.end(); ++i)
cout << *i << '\t';

swap(gquiz1, gquiz2);

cout << "\n\nAfter Swapping, \n";

cout << "Contents of vector gquiz1 : ";
for (i = gquiz1.begin(); i != gquiz1.end(); ++i)
cout << *i << '\t';

cout << "\nContents of vector gquiz2 : ";

for (i = gquiz2.begin(); i != gquiz2.end(); ++i)
cout << *i << '\t';

cout << "\n\nNow, we clear() and then add "

<< "an element 1000 to vector gquiz1 : ";
gquiz1.clear();
gquiz1.push_back(1000);
cout << gquiz1.front();

return 0;
}

Output:

Before Swapping,
Contents of vector gquiz1 : 10 20
Contents of vector gquiz2 : 30 40

After Swapping,
Contents of vector gquiz1 : 30 40

48
Contents of vector gquiz2 : 10 20

Now, we clear() and then add an element 1000 to vector gquiz1 : 1000

Program 2:

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

int main()
{
vector <int> gquiz1(3, 10);
vector <int> :: iterator it;

it = gquiz1.begin();
it = gquiz1.insert(it, 20);

gquiz1.insert(it, 2, 30);

it = gquiz1.begin();

vector <int> gquiz2(2, 40);

gquiz1.insert(it + 2, gquiz2.begin(), gquiz2.end());

int gq [] = {50, 60, 70};

gquiz1.insert(gquiz1.begin(), gq, gq + 3);

cout << "gquiz1 contains : ";

for (it = gquiz1.begin(); it < gquiz1.end(); it++)
cout << *it << '\t';

return 0;
}

Output 2:

gquiz1 contains : 50 60 70 30 30
40 40 20 10 10 10

Result:
Thus the implementation of STL Has been implemented successfully.

49
 Ex. No: 14
STL Associative Containers and Algorithms
Date:

Aim: To write a C++ program using Associative Containers(Map).

Algorithm:
1. Include header files
2. Declare the map function for holding the employee details like Employee Id and name.
3. Assign the values for Map container using array index notation
4. Display the details of an Employee using map name
5. Display all the details stored in map using iterators and Map functions.
6. End of program

Program:

#include <string.h>

#include <iostream>

#include <map>

#include <utility>

using namespace std;

int main()

map<int, string> Employees;

// 1) Assignment using array index notation

Employees[5234] = "Mike C.";

Employees[3374] = "Charlie M.";

Employees[1923] = "David D.";

Employees[7582] = "John A.";

50
 Employees[5328] = "Peter Q.";

cout << "Employees[3374]=" << Employees[3374] << endl << endl;

cout << "Map size: " << Employees.size() << endl;

for( map<int,string>::iterator ii=Employees.begin(); ii!=Employees.end(); ++ii)

cout << (*ii).first << ": " << (*ii).second << endl;

Output :

Employees[3374]=Charlie M.

Map size: 5
1923: David D.
3374: Charlie M.
5234: Mike C.
5328: Peter Q.
7582: John A.

Result:
Thus the implementation of STL associative containers has been implemented successfully.

51
 Ex.No: 15
Streams and File Handling
Date:

Aim:

.
Write a C++ program illustrating streams and file handling.

Algorithm 1:

Step1: start
Step2: declare a class.
Step3: Open a file.
Sep4: Execute a loop if a file successfully opened.
Step5: Write in a file .
Step6: Close the file

#include <fstream>

using namespace std;

// Driver Code
int main()
{
// Creation of ofstream class object
ofstream fout;

string line;

// by default ios::out mode, automatically deletes

// the content of file. To append the content, open in ios:app
// fout.open("sample.txt", ios::app)
fout.open("sample.txt");

// Execute a loop If file successfully opened

while (fout) {

// Read a Line from standard input

getline(cin, line);

// Press -1 to exit
if (line == "-1")
break;

// Write line in file

fout << line << endl;

52
}

// Close the File

fout.close();

// Creation of ifstream class object to read the file

ifstream fin;

// by default open mode = ios::in mode

fin.open("sample.txt");

// Execute a loop until EOF (End of File)

while (fin) {

// Read a Line from File

getline(fin, line);

// Print line in Console

cout << line << endl;
}

// Close the file

fin.close();

return 0;

Result:
Thus the implementation of streams and files has been implemented
successfully.

53