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(Class – VIII)

Exercise 8.2
Question 1:
A man got 10% increase in his salary. If his new salary is ₹ 1,54,000, find his original
salary.

Answer 1:
Let original salary be ₹ 100.
Therefore New salary i.e., 10% increase = 100 + 10 = ₹ 110
New salary is ₹ 110, when original salary = ₹ 100
100
 New salary is ₹ 1, when original salary =
110
100
 New salary is ₹ 1,54,000, when original salary = 154000 = ₹ 1,40,000
110
Hence original salary is ₹ 1,40,000.

Question 2:
On Sunday 845 people went to the Zoo. On Monday only 169 people went. What is the
percent decrease in the people visiting the Zoo on Monday?

Answer 2:
On Sunday, people went to the Zoo = 845
On Monday, people went to the Zoo = 169
Number of decrease in the people = 845 – 169 = 676
676
Decrease percent = 100 = 80%
845
Hence decrease in the people visiting the Zoo is 80%.

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Question 3:
A shopkeeper buys 80 articles for ₹ 2,400 and sells them for a profit of 16%. Find the
selling price of one article.
Answer 3:
No. of articles = 80
Cost Price of articles = ₹ 2,400
And Profit = 16%
Cost price of articles is ₹ 100, then selling price = 100 + 16 = ₹ 116
116
 Cost price of articles is ₹ 1, then selling price =
100
116
 Cost price of articles is ₹ 2400, then selling price =  2400 = ₹ 2784
100
Hence, Selling Price of 80 articles = ₹ 2784
2784
Therefore Selling Price of 1 article = = ₹ 34.80
80

Question 4:
The cost of an article was ₹ 15,500, ₹ 450 were spent on its repairs. If it sold for a profit
of 15%, find the selling price of the article.
Answer 4:
Here, C.P. = ₹ 15,500 and Repair cost = ₹ 450
Therefore Total Cost Price = 15500 + 450 = ₹ 15,950
Let C.P be ₹ 100, then S.P. = 100 + 15 = ₹ 115
When C.P. is ₹ 100, then S.P. = ₹ 115
115
 When C.P. is ₹ 1, then S.P. =
100
115
 When C.P. is ₹ 15950, then S.P. = 15950 = ₹ 18,342.50
100

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Question 5:
A VCR and TV were bought for ₹ 8,000 each. The shopkeeper made a loss of 4% on the
VCR and a profit of 8% on the TV. Find the gain or loss percent on the whole transaction.

Answer 5:
Cost price of VCR = ₹ 8000 and Cost price of TV = ₹ 8000
Total Cost Price of both articles = ₹ 8000 + ₹ 8000 = ₹ 16,000
Now VCR is sold at 4% loss.
Let C.P. of each article be ₹ 100, then S.P. of VCR = 100 – 4 = ₹ 96
When C.P. is ₹ 100, then S.P. = ₹ 96
96
 When C.P. is ₹ 1, then S.P. =
100
96
 When C.P. is ₹ 8000, then S.P. =  8000 = ₹ 7,680
100
And TV is sold at 8% profit, then S.P. of TV = 100 + 8 = ₹ 108
When C.P. is ₹ 100, then S.P. = ₹ 108
108
 When C.P. is ₹ 1, then S.P. =
100
108
 When C.P. is ₹ 8000, then S.P. =  8000 = ₹ 8,640
100
Then, Total S.P. = ₹ 7,680 + ₹ 8,640 = ₹ 16,320
Since S.P. > C.P.,
Therefore Profit = S.P. – C.P. = 16320 – 16000 = ₹ 320
Profit 320
And Profit% = 100  100 = 2%
Cost Price 16000

Question 6:
During a sale, a shop offered a discount of 10% on the marked prices of all the items. What
would a customer have to pay for a pair of jeans marked at ₹ 1450 and two shirts marked
at ₹ 850 each?
Answer 6:
Rate of discount on all items = 10%
Marked Price of a pair of jeans = ₹ 1450 and Marked Price of a shirt = ₹ 850
Rate  M.P. 10 1450
Discount on a pair of jeans =  = ₹ 145
100 100

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 S.P. of a pair of jeans = ₹ 1450 – ₹ 145 = ₹ 1305

Marked Price of two shirts = 2 x 850 = ₹ 1700
Rate  M.P. 10 1700
Discount on two shirts =  = ₹ 170
100 100
 S.P. of two shirts = ₹ 1700 – ₹ 170 = ₹ 1530
Therefore, the customer had to pay = 1305 + 1530 = ₹ 2,835

Question 7:
A milkman sold two of his buffaloes for ₹ 20,000 each. On one he made a gain of 5% and
on the other a loss of 10%. Find his overall gain or loss. (Hint: Find CP of each)
Answer 7:
S.P. of each buffalo = ₹ 20,000
S.P. of two buffaloes = ₹ 20,000 x 2 = ₹ 40,000
One buffalo is sold at 5% gain.
Let C.P. be ₹ 100, then S.P. = 100 + 5 = ₹105
When S.P. is ₹ 105, then C.P. = ₹ 100
100
 When S.P. is ₹ 1, then C.P. =
105
100
 When S.P. is ₹ 20,000, then C.P. =  20000 = ₹ 19,047.62
105
Another buffalo is sold at 10% loss.
Let C.P. be ₹ 100, then S.P. = 100 – 10 = ₹ 90
When S.P. is ₹ 90, then C.P. = ₹ 100
100
 When S.P. is ₹ 1, then C.P. =
90
100
 When S.P. is ₹ 20,000, then C.P. =  20000 = ₹ 22,222.22
90
Total C.P. = ₹ 19,047.62 + ₹ 22,222.22 = ₹ 41,269.84
Since C.P. > S.P.
Therefore here it is loss.
Loss = C.P. – S.P. = ₹ 41,269.84 – ₹ 40,000.00 = ₹ 1,269.84

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Question 8:
The price of a TV is ₹ 13,000. The sales tax charged on it is at the rate of 12%. Find the
amount that Vinod will have to pay if he buys it.
Answer 8:
C.P. = ₹ 13,000 and S.T. rate = 12%
Let C.P. be ₹ 100, then S.P. for purchaser = 100 + 12 = ₹ 112
When C.P. is ₹ 100, then S.P. = ₹ 112
112
 When C.P. is ₹ 1, then S.P. =
100
112
 When C.P. is ₹ 13,000, then S.P. = 13000 = ₹ 14,560
100

Question 9:
Arun bought a pair of skates at a sale where the discount given was 20%. If the amount
he pays is ₹1,600, find the marked price.
Answer 9:
S.P. = ₹1,600 and Rate of discount = 20%
Let M.P. be ₹ 100, then S.P. for customer = 100 – 20 = ₹ 80
When S.P. is ₹ 80, then M.P. = ₹ 100
100
 When S.P. is ₹1, then M.P. =
80
100
 When S.P. is ₹1600, then M.P. = 1600 = ₹ 2,000
80

Question 10:
I purchased a hair-dryer for ₹ 5,400 including 8% VAT. Find the price before VAT was
added.
Answer 10:
C.P. = ₹ 5,400 and Rate of VAT = 8%
Let C.P. without VAT is ₹100, then price including VAT = 100 + 8 = ₹ 108
When price including VAT is ₹ 108, then original price = ₹ 100

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100
 When price including VAT is ₹ 1, then original price =
108
 When price including VAT is ₹ 5400,
100
then original price =  5400 = ₹ 5000
108

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