Apl412 Gumallaoi Judelle v. RNW-MT 01

PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY
URDANETA CITY CAMPUS, URDANETA CITY, PANGASINAN
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

ARCHITECTURE DEPARTMENT
RESEARCH WORK NO. RSW – MT01

DATE ISSUED: OCTOBER 04, 2022
TITLE: "Urban Design and People"
COURSE AND TITLE: STUDENT NAME: DATE DUE: FINAL

APL 412 – ARCHITECTURAL GUMALLAOI, JUDELLE V. RATING:
OCT. 11, 2022
PLANNING 02
INSTRUCTOR: COURSE/YEAR/SECTION: DATE
SUBMITTED:
AR. ZALDY F. CORPUZ, uap BS-ARCHITECTURE 4-a
FACULTY INSTRUCTOR OCT. 07, 2022
URBAN DESIGN AND PEOPLE
SUMMARY
The title of this chapter presents a dilemma. This dilemma is caused by the
tension between the desire to practice an art form based upon method and
principle, while, at the same time, involving people actively in the design process.
HRH Prince Charles is engaged with this dilemma by supporting public

participation in planning and architecture while advocating, at the same time, a form
of Classical design: Buildings should reflect these harmonies, for architecture is
like a language. Civilized life is made more pleasurable by a shared understanding
of simple rules of conduct, later he writes: People should be involved willingly
from the beginning in the improvement of their surroundings. but participation
cannot be imposed: it has to start from the bottom up.
In any dispute between the views of the people and the professionals which
takes precedence? In Battle this dilemma was made manifest when an individual
occupying a property in The Crescent wished to paint her door yellow. The
professional view considered that all doors in John Wood junior` s great piece of
Classical urban architecture should be white.
The aim of this chapter is not to solve this dilemma but, more simply, to make it
apparent and to set theoretical ground rules for incorporating public
participation into the urban design process. The dilemma will not disappear, but it
may be that the resolution of the tensions will stimulate creative design. Civilized life
is made more pleasure able by a shared understanding of simple rules of
conduct. Later he writes: People should be involved willingly from the beginning in
the improvement of their surroundings but participation cannot be imposed: it has to
start from the bottom up.
Urban design, or the art of building cities, is the method by which man creates
a built environment that fulfils his aspirations and represents his values. This he
does in his own likeness, The sixteenth century theorist and architect John Shute
likens the city to the human figure: A city ought to be like the human body and for
this reason it should be full of all that gives life to man. Urban design, like its sister
art architecture, is a people’s use of an accumulated technological knowledge to
control and adapt the environment for social, economic, political and religious
requirements. It is the method learned and used by a people to solve the total
program of requirements for city building. The city is an element of a people` s
spiritual and physical culn1re and, indeed, it is one of the highest expressions of
that culture.
Central to the study of urban design is man, his values, aspirations and power
or ability to achieve them. The task of the city builder is to understand and
express, in built form, the needs and aspirations of the client group. How does the
city builder design to best serve the community` s needs?
Experience from the recent past, in this and many other countries, is littered
with well-intentioned, but totally unsuitable, developments. Development that range
from the faceless mass housing of the 1960’s to the large-scale office blocks or
commercial areas which totally destroy the intimate fabric of the city. Yet Shute,
one of the country’s earliest theorists and author of the first English
architectural book, recognized that all buildings have a natural lifespan then they
need to be replaced, sometimes with reluctance: ` You can say one eats, and even so
dies. The building must also decline through time just as one person dies sooner than
another or has better or poorer health. Copying features from past
architectural styles is once again in vogue among city builders around the world;
as if the planting of an onion dome, a minaret or horseshoe arch will, of them,
convert a barren design into culturally acceptable development.
The anarchy of the Post-Modern movement in architecture, with its dependence
upon cliché and eclectic use of symbols from the past, must, if progress is to he
made, give way to a more rational approach to architectural design steeped in
discipline and method. Urban design, too, requires a return to its roots in method.
Central to such a return to method is the relationship between designer and client.
In traditional practice the architect worked for an individual or a small group
representing a landed proprietor, the Church Commissioners, a company or
government department. The individual client is a vestige of the past: a time when
architect and client shared the same culture, values and may even have been on the
same Grande tour.
Growth of democracy and mass culture now requires

the architect and city builder to recognize a wider client
group. This wider client group includes the church
congregation, the ordinary voter and the general user of
the buildings. Many in this expanded client group do not
share the values of the designer group. It is frequently
possible that a wide cultural gap separates the city
builder and the new client - the man and woman in the street.
The chasm between city designer and client can be

bridged when the problem is recognized as existing and its
nature defined: when the complexity and heterogeneity of
the client group is admitted and when the designer realizes
that culture is never static: it is in a constant state of
change and to some extent, he or she - the designer - is an
agent for those changes.
Urban Design defines the physical elements that define

the characteristics of a street, neighbourhood, community
and a city. Urban design helps create a visual and sensory
relationship between the people and the natural built
environment. The built environment reflects the buildings
and streets while the natural environment includes features
such as mountains, shorelines, and parks. These elements
are incorporated into the urban framework. Throughout the
world, major cities rely on urban design suggestions to ensure
that the built and natural environment continues to contribute
to the qualities that make the place unique. City building has
been a long and complex process throughout history. Looking
at the history of cities shows indications of multiple degrees of
planning and conscious design in the layout and function for
the city. Today urban design continues to play off of the pre-
existing built and natural environment by improving the
elements as today’s societies continue to change and grow.
We are in a new era where quality, comfort and kindness rule in the city.
Designers must take into account the expectations of pedestrians who have re-
appropriated public spaces. We need less aggressive sounds, smells and images
than those often generated by cars. Yet, we will only abandon the car if the quality
of public transport is high and we are offered new services to enhance our quality
of life.
The role of designers is also to stop cities from being exclusively consumer
spaces and shopping centres. Cities should be living spaces that encourage
exchanges and encounters that are accessible to all.
An urban planner is usually hired by a government

entity at a state or local level to project manage land
development. An urban planner will develop a plan for city
expansion and consider important factors such as
population growth, protected areas and more. They will
meet with public officials and hold public forums to
determine the best strategies for land usage and
development.
Urban design today is much more democratic than it

was in the 19th and early 20th centuries, as there is a much
wider range of actors involved in the planning and
governance of cities. In the Western context, this shift
emerged in the 1960s, as more voices started to enter the
public sphere to contest more controversial developments
posed by urban planners. Actors involved in shaping the
design of cities now include researchers, government
agencies, and NGOs, rather than just architects, planners,
and government officials. This shift has made the process of
urban design much more dynamic than it was previously, as
grassroots actors tend to have their own creative agency
which does not always follow the logic of plans and models
developed by planners or architects.
One outcome of this shift in urban governance is the design
of more inclusive urban environments. Until the 1970s, urban design
made little consideration for people with disabilities. Accessibility
is still being reconciled around the world, particularly in
developing cities. Accessible urban design is becoming more
important as both developed and, increasingly, developing
countries begin to grapple with the challenges associated with
aging populations. Accessibility needs to be dealt with on multiple
levels, from making public transportation infrastructure usable
by those with mobility challenges, to making signage legible for
those with poor vision, and making streets safer to navigate.
The suggestion that urban design can (re)produce patterns

of social segregation has not only been aimed at new urbanist
communities. The design of cities is characterized by boundaries
and borders that serve to demarcate and
separate places. Physical barriers can be
used as political tools to segregate and
control populations.
The potential to improve several aspects of public service

systems as well as quality of life and reduce costs has driven
the demand for smart cites. An effective response to this demand
calls for integrated planning across all levels of government.
Greater consideration needs to be given to demographic and
land use trends to anticipate their impacts and minimize
environmental damage. These trends should inform our
investments in all infrastructure development related plans
including water, energy, and transport as well as other city
services. Clearly, every city is different and will face a unique
range of urbanization challenges. Defining smart-city goals and
objectives begins with a deep understanding of citizen and
business needs and a community’s unique attributes—its
demographics, infrastructure, and resources.
Although each city and its problems are unique, there are some general sets
of activities in most urban design studies. The following are four basic phases and
some sub-phases; Assimilation, General Study, Development and Communication.
THIS way of looking at the design process for an inidivual building can be
extended to include urban design, town planning.
When a city’s pattern of growth eventually threatens its well-being,

compliance becomes counterproductive, and urban design must come to grips with
its own failings, now revealed in the excesses of the previous pattern, and begin
anew. Pattern, repetition, flaw—how could it be otherwise? We are human, after all.
But there is no time now to brood over past mistakes or to settle old scores.
The products of urban design may differ in every era, but the process stays
the same. It is a kaleidoscope producing maddeningly complex patterns from the
overlap of three not very transparent forces: politics, finance, and design.

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PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY

URDANETA CITY CAMPUS, URDANETA CITY, PANGASINAN

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

RESEARCH WORK NO. RSW – MT01

TITLE: "Urban Design and People"

COURSE AND TITLE: STUDENT NAME: DATE DUE: FINAL

HRH Prince Charles is engaged with this dilemma by supporting public

Growth of democracy and mass culture now requires

The chasm between city designer and client can be

Urban Design defines the physical elements that define

An urban planner is usually hired by a government

Urban design today is much more democratic than it

The suggestion that urban design can (re)produce patterns

The potential to improve several aspects of public service

When a city’s pattern of growth eventually threatens its well-being,

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