KU1102 AI 1 PengenalanAI Bag1

Pengenalan
Artificial Intelligence
Tim Penyusun Materi Pengenalan Komputasi

Institut Teknologi Bandung © 2019
Outlines
• What is AI (Artificial
Intelligence)?
• AI definition
• AI history
• AI today: AI applications. AI for
healthcare,manufacturing,
education
• Intelligent Agent
• AI and Programming
https://www.nanalyze.com/2016/11/artificial-intelligence-definition/
2
What is Artificial Intelligence (AI)
• Video “What is AI from Edureka”
• Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4jmsHaJ7xEA
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So.. What is AI? 8 Definitions, 4 Approaches
Thinking Thinking
humanly rationally
Acting Acting
humanly rationally

Acting Humanly: Turing Test Approach
• A satisfactory operational definition of intelligence
• Pass: human interrogator cannot tell whether the responses come
from a person or from a computer

Chatbot - Mitsuku
https://www.pandorabots.com/mitsuku/
Thinking/Acting Humanly/Rationally
Approaches
• Acting humanly: turing test approach
• Thinking humanly: Computational models of human “thought”
processes (cognitive modeling approach)
• Thinking rationally: computational systems that behave
intelligently (reasoning approach)
• Acting rationally: computational systems that behave rationally
(achieve the best outcome to reach goal)

Foundation of AI
There are some disciplines that contributed ideas, viewpoints, and techniques to AI:
• Philosophy considers the nature of knowledge, thought, and learning
• Mathematics considers the notions of formal logic, algorithms, computational
complexity, and probability
• Economics studies how agents attempt to maximize their own well-being, even when
given uncertain information and in the presence of allies and adversaries
• Neuroscience studies the workings of the human brain
• Psychology studies how humans and animals think and act (process information)
• Linguistics deals with language in a formal-enough way that it can be processed by
machine
• Computer Engineering looks to increase the efficiency of computing devices
• Control Theory and Cybernetics consider how autonomous machines can operate
https://cs.lmu.edu/~ray/notes/introai/

AI
history
Source: Jin et al. (2018), State-of-the-

Art Mobile Intelligence: Enabling
Robots to Move Like Humans by
Estimating Mobility with Artificial
Intelligence

Today AI is in.....
• Inventory Control
• Game playing (Chess, Go, Bridge, Dota 2, StarCraft,...) • Pharmaceutical Research
• Cars (stability traction, braking assist, driving, ...)
• Genetic Research
• Systems that read handwritten addresses to speed mail sorting
• (Micro)Surgery
• Search Engines
• Theorem Proving • Insurance Underwriting
• Aircraft autolanders • Environmental Monitoring
• Medical Diagnosis • Protein Structure Determination
• Expert Systems • Scheduling Systems
• Information Retrieval Systems • Assisted Living Support
• Story writers, poetry writers, ... • Dispensing Legal Advice
• Music Composition • Essay Evaluation
• Annoying auto-correct agents in word processors
• Detection of Steganography
• Crisis management
• Cryptanalysis
• Space Exploration
• Finance • Translation
• Retailing • Military Planning
• Manufacturing • Surveillance
• Traffic Control
Can you mention some more...???
AI In Life: AI Assistant

AI In Life: Biometric Verification
Fingerprint verification Face verification
https://www.grab.com/sg/driver-2/selfieverification/

AI In Life: OpenAI untuk Dota 2

AI In Life: AI Alphastar StarCraft II
https://techcrunch.com/2019/01/24/starcraft-ii-playing-ai-alphastar-takes-out-pros-undefeated/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PFMRDm_H9Sg
AI In Life: Transform Your Face
https://www.faceapp.com/
AI In Life:Recommender System

AI In Life:AI in Traffic
Path Finding / Direction
Traffic pattern
AI In Life:Fraud Detection

Self Driving Car

Kiva: Amazon Warehouse Robot

AI for Health Care
https://hbr.org/2018/05/10-promising-ai-
applications-in-health-care

AI for Manufacturing
https://www.forbes.com/sites/louiscolumbus/201
8/03/11/10-ways-machine-learning-is-
revolutionizing-manufacturing-in-
2018/#61e28f2523ac
AI for Education
https://www.cognilytica.com/2019/03/28/infogra
phic-ai-in-education/
AI Adoption by Industry
Percentage of market players who plan to adopt AI in next

two years across various business verticals
(Infosys Survey, 2018)
https://existek.com/blog/ai-programming-and-ai-
programming-languages/
Intelligent Agent
computer system that is situated in some environment, and that is

capable of autonomous action in this environment in order to meet
its design objectives

Types of Intelligent Agent
• Problem Solving Agent:
• agent has to ‘search’ the path that can lead agent to the goal
• Searching algorithms: DFS, BFS, IDS, UCS, A*, Greedy Best First, Minmax
search, Genetic Algorithm, Hill Climbing, Simulated Annealing, ...
• Knowledge Based Agent
• Deducting premises with percepted fact. When agent percept a state, it
will try to reason new facts/ states. This is how agent will step by step
collecting all of the states of wumpus world in order to achieve its goal
• Learning Agent
• There are many learning algorithms, that suitable for certain purposes,
and the ‘availability’ of the data/ feedback: supervised learning,
unsupervised learning, reinforcement learning

Problem Solving Agent: search from initial to goal state
N puzzle problem Block-world problem
2 8 3 1 2 3
1 6 4 8 4
7 5 7 6 5
Maze problem Path-finding problem

Knowledge-based agent
https://www.igcseict.info/theory/7_2/expert/ http://www.classgist.com/blogs/169/online-expert-system-for-
car-repair-and-maintenance-php-source-codes.aspx
vision-based agro-medical expert

system
TB
disease
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-architecture-of-online-
detectio
machine-vision-based-agro-medical-expert-system_fig2_325849466
n https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S095741741830421
Learning Agent
Hand-writing Speech Face recognition
recognition recognition
https://www.nec.com/en/global/solutions/
safety/face_recognition/NeoFaceWatch.htm
l
10/13/2019
https://www.imore.com/i-want-handwriting- Pengenalan Komputasi
http://debatcapres.bahasakita.co.id/ 29
recognition-iphone-and-ipad-even-if-it-stinks
AI and Programming
10/13/2019 Pengenalan Komputasi

https://www.quora.com/Are-data-structures-and-algorithms-necessary-if-I-want-to-get-into-artificial-intelligence 30
Tugas dan Diskusi
• Berikan contoh-contoh penggunaan teknologi AI dalam kehidupan
di bidang studi fakultas/sekolah.
• Diskusikan: apa dampak penggunaan teknologi tersebut dalam
berbagai aspek, misalnya:
• Apakah mengurangi penggunaan tenaga manusia
• Apakah dampaknya pada lingkungan hidup
• Apakah menyebabkan kinerja sistem/proses menjadi lebih efisien
• …

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Pengenalan

Tim Penyusun Materi Pengenalan Komputasi

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Source: Jin et al. (2018), State-of-the-

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Path Finding / Direction

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Percentage of market players who plan to adopt AI in next

computer system that is situated in some environment, and that is

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Maze problem Path-finding problem

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vision-based agro-medical expert

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