Acta Scientific Agriculture (ISSN: 2581-365X)

Volume 2 Issue 6 June 2018

Research Article

Growth and Yield Response of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.) in Different Levels of Potassium

Saket Kumar1*, Dan Singh Jakhar2 and Rajesh Singh2

1
Institute of Environment and Sustainable development, BHU, Varanasi, India
2
Deptment of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, BHU, Varanasi, India

*Corresponding Author: Saket Kumar, Institute of Environment and Sustainable development, BHU, Varanasi, India.

Received: April 20, 2018; Published: May 17, 2018

Abstract
Potassium application is related to mung bean plant growth, total biomass and crops yield. Different potassium level of soils is
significantly affected the mung bean plants yield and yield contribution parameters. Maximum mung bean yield was 689 Kg/ha was
obtained with the application of 85 Kg potash per hectare. Genotype HUM-1, and HUM-2 produced higher seed yield than JM - 72. The
interactive effect of three mung bean varieties and their potassium level was found significant in different parameters. My studies
were determining the effect of K on vegetative growth (plants dry weight and plant height), yield components (plant height, number
of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod and seeds yield kg/hectare) produced seeds.
Keywords: Mung Bean; HUM-1; HUM-2; JM-72; K; Yields

Introduction Material and Methods

Mung bean (Vigna radiate L) is a summer pulse crop with short Cultivation of Mung bean
duration (70 - 90 days) during spring and autumn seasons. It has Five level of potassium (0,30,60,90 and 120 Kg/ha) were
high nutritive value so many effective uses, green pods in cooking studied for growth and yield response of three cultivar varieties
as peas, sprout rich in vitamins and amino acids. Mung bean has of mung bean (HUM-1, HUM-2 and JM-721) during autumn sea-
been grown and consumed in Africa, Australia and Asia including son 2016. Layout design of mung bean was randomized complete
Pakistan where considered as a cheapest source of proteins [1]. Its block design (RCBD) with factorial arrangements of 3 replications.
seed contains 24.2% protein, 1.3% fat and 60.4% carbohydrate. The seed bed was well prepared three times in plot size 3x3m2 in
This crop can be used for both seeds and forage since it can pro- which row to row space 75 cm and plant to plant space 25 cm. The
duce a large amount of biomass [2]. The average yield is quite low crop was sowing on 05 March 2016 using seed rate of 15 Kg per
which requires attention of the crop experts among various factors. hectare with a basal dose of nitrogen and phosphorus (85 Kg/ha)
along with prescribed doses of potash that applicable in the form
NPK is improved mung bean yield [3], among other macro nutri- of urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and sulphate of potash
ents like potash (K) as plays a vital role in plant enzyme activation (SOP), respectively. Experimental field was irrigated time to time
and resistance against the different diseases [4]. Potassium is also as required particularly at all critical stages of mung bean.
plays an effective role in mung bean like plant growth and sustain-
able crop production [5], it activates more than 60 enzymes [6]. NPK Analysis
Indian soils are increases intensity of cropping and introduction Composite soil samples were taken from the IESD BHU Vara-
of high yielding in considerable use in different level of potassium nasi field prior to sowing of crop, after fertilization and after har-
and crops are growing responsive to potassium fertilizers. Mung vest of crop from 0 - 30 cm during autumn season 2016. The soil
bean plants height, pods per plant, seeds per pod and seed yield are samples were air dried, grounded, well mixed and passed through
increased significantly with potassium application and maximum a 2 mm sieve and analyzed for chemical properties. Chemical com-
seed yield obtained with 90 Kg potash per hectare [7]. They ob- positions of mung beans soils are analyzed during sowing, after
served significant differences of protein content in different mung flowering and harvesting, respectively.
bean cultivars due to application of potassium.
Statistical Analysis
The present study was indicating the effect of different levels
Ten mung bean plants of each plot were selected and analysis
of potassium under uniform levels of nitrogen and phosphorus on
at harvest stage and randomly recording plant height, number
growth and yield performance of diverse mung bean cultivars un-
of branches per plant, number of pods per plant and number of
der irrigated conditions of IESD BHU Varanasi Uttar Pradesh. Such
seeds per pod. After collection of required data, M. Stat software
study will be useful to create awareness among the farming system
was used to analyze the data. F test was significant, means were
as use of fertilizer in balanced amount to get maximum production.
compared by LSD test at 5% probability level [8].

Citation: Saket Kumar., et al. “Growth and Yield Response of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.) in Different Levels of Potassium". Acta Scientific Agriculture
2.6 (2018): 23-25.
Growth and Yield Response of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.) in Different Levels of Potassium

24

Result and Discussions ing autumn season 2016. Result was attributes many differences in
Plant Height (cm) climatic conditions. The interaction between K and different vari-
ety of mung beans were highly significant. The maximum number
Potash levels affected significantly plant height of mung bean.
of pods was 26.71 and bearing branches per plant was observed
Maximum plant height was 54.26 cm obtained when potash was
in V3 K3. The minimum number of pod was bearing 5.19 branches
applied at 85K g/ha. It was statistically applicable at 60 and 120 Kg
per plant in V2 K0.
potash per hectare. Minimum plant height was 38.36 cm obtained
in plots where no potash applied due to high root shoot ratio is an Number of Pods Per Plant
association with potassium uptake [9]. Results are observed sig-
Number of mung bean pods/plant was significantly affected by
nificantly with higher plant height in mung bean crop at the rate of
potash levels. Maximum number of pods/plant was 26.71 obtained
60-100-100 K Kg /ha.
when potash applied at 90 Kg per hectare. Minimum number of
Number of Branches Per Plant pods/plant was 21.34 obtained in plots as a control. Similar find-
ings were also recorded [10] by some studied on yield and quality
Maximum number of fruits bearing branches per plant was 5.78
of mung bean that affect different potassium level (0, 25, 75, 100
recorded at 120 Kg potash per hectare against minimum control.
and 125 Kg/ha) that reported number of pods/plant, number of
Number of pod bearing branches per plant was significantly in-
seeds per pod in potassium application.
creased from potassium application in mung bean [10] plant dur-

Plant Height No of branches No of pods No of seed No of plants 1000 seeds Seed yield
Treatments
(cm) plant-1 plant-1 pod-1 plot-1 weight (g) kg ha-1
Varieties (V)
V1 (HUM-1) 54.26 5.8 22.56 6.68 229.0 36.99 588.0
V2 (HUM -2) 48.54 4.6 19.46 5.88 227.0 34.42 586.0
V3(JM-72) 53.42 5.4 22.46 6.53 229.0 35.52 584.0
Potassium level (K)
K0 38.36 5.13 17.78 6.18 229.0 27.21 432.9
K1 46.58 5.26 24.46 6.14 227.0 29.34 578.6
K2 46.72 5.24 24.78 7.81 229.0 32.44 673.8
K3 49.43 5.23 23.81 8.42 227.0 36.76 763.6
K4 48.56 5.78 25.67 7.46 229.0 39.56 726.7
Interaction (K levels x Varieties)
V1xK0 36.84 5.21 24.34 6.73 228.0 26.79 574.0
V1xK1 44.83 5.43 22.34 5.34 227.0 24.57 566.0
V1xK2 42.56 5.29 24.23 6.43 226.0 25.46 643.0
V1xK3 43.56 5.63 25.27 6.26 226.0 28.91 673.0
V1xK4 43.73 5.26 25.76 6.56 227.0 31.45 787.0
V2xK0 44.81 5.19 24.58 5.93 226.0 30.46 584.0
V2xK1 44.72 5.38 25.63 6.62 227.0 34.62 688.0
V2xK2 52.26 5.81 26.32 6.84 226.0 35.67 684.0
V2xK3 54.34 5.67 24.61 8.82 227.0 34.75 589.0
V2xK4 53.78 5.63 23.51 7.63 229.0 36.74 679.0
V3xK0 44.81 5.22 21.34 5.84 227.0 34.56 557.0
V3xK1 44.72 5.63 25.21 6.84 229.0 36.61 587.0
V3xK2 52.26 6.73 25.67 7.93 229.0 34.67 689.0
V3xK3 54.34 6.46 26.71 9.82 229.0 32.57 741.0
V3xK4 53.78 8.84 26.43 8.67 229.0 29.56 734.0

Table1: Growth and yield response of two cultivars of mungbean to different potassium levels (Means sharing same letter
statistically at P≤0.05 by LSD).

Number of Seeds Per Pod ability of other nutrient but also increased the photosynthesis rate
Potassium perform a significant role in mung bean grain yield. of mung bean. Therefore, a difference between mung bean variet-
The higher grain yield was observed from 180 kg/ha potassium, ies for number of seeds per pods was significant. Potassium per-
this compared to the control that was obtained 42%. Maximum form a significant role in mung bean grain yield. The higher grain
number of mung bean seeds per pod was 8.42 obtained when pot- yield was observed from 180 kg/ha potassium, this compared to
ash was applied at 90 Kg/ha, and minimum number of mung bean the control that was obtained 42%. Maximum number of mung
seeds was 4.14 per pod obtained each plot where no amount of pot- bean seeds per pod was 8.42 obtained when potash was applied at
ash was applied. Thus, K application not only enhanced the avail- 90 Kg/ha, and minimum number of mung bean seeds was 4.14 per

Citation: Saket Kumar., et al. “Growth and Yield Response of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.) in Different Levels of Potassium". Acta Scientific Agriculture
2.6 (2018): 23-25.
Growth and Yield Response of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.) in Different Levels of Potassium

25

pod obtained each plot where no amount of potash was applied. These experiments are depicted notable response in growth and
Thus, K application not only enhanced the availability of other nu- yield due to potassium application of 90 Kg/ha. It is recommend-
trient but also increased the photosynthesis rate of mung bean. ed for farmers, while 180 kg potassium/ha, even in severe stress
Therefore, a difference between mung bean varieties for number of condition, but it can be decrease harmful effects of water stress
seeds per pods was significant. on the number of pods/plant, number of grains/pod, 1000 seed
weight, grain. JM - 72 variety was more resistant to water stress,
Number of Plants Per Plot compared with local variety, and also it is more responsive to vari-
Optimum plant density was access good crop growth, which ul- ous amounts of potassium fertilizer.
timately lead to higher crop yield in mung bean plot. Number of
plants per plot was non- significant from use different levels of po- Acknowledgements
tassium. Similar plant populations were release with uniform seed Authors are thankful to Department of Genetics and Plant
rate that maintain the plant to plant distance of population. The Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, BHU Varanasi for Vigna
variation in different mung bean population was evaluated in three radiate cultivars collection and its indigenous knowledge. This ar-
genotypes. ticle is part of my initial research program of different crops yield
analysis which financially supported by CSIR New Delhi.
1000 Seeds Weight (g)
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All the above-mentioned parameters of mung bean were in-
fluenced by graded levels of K. Finding results from the above pa-
rameters are presented here and concluded significant K level for Volume 2 Issue 6 June 2018
formers application. Thus, growth and yield of mung bean were © All rights are reserved by Saket Kumar., et al.
suit nutrient environmental conditions of Varanasi, however, this
is based on one season experiment; further trails may be needed
to performance in different environmental condition and different
types of soils. Now, I concluded that macronutrients (K) have im-
portance application for mung bean production in different soils.

Citation: Saket Kumar., et al. “Growth and Yield Response of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.) in Different Levels of Potassium". Acta Scientific Agriculture
2.6 (2018): 23-25.