Refresher Course: Preboard Examination Nursing Practice I: Basic Foundation of Nursing and Professional Practice
Refresher Course: Preboard Examination Nursing Practice I: Basic Foundation of Nursing and Professional Practice
Situation: You are a nurse conducting a statistical analysis in 24. If the study is statistically highly significant, it would reflect
your research entitled “The Effect of Gingko Biloba in a p value of?
Enhancing Memory and Retention Among 4th Year High School A. p=0.05 C. p=0.001
Students.” B. p=0.01 D. p=0.5
16. What is the independent variable? 25. Supposed that your alternative hypothesis has a 1 in a
A. The effect of gingko biloba hundred chance of accepting the null hypothesis, has a 99%
B. Memory and retention chance of being correct, and has a 1 in a hundred chance that
C. Gingko biloba the null hypothesis is true. Your P value will be?
D. Enhancing memory and retention A. P=0.99 C. P=0.001
B. P=0.01 D. P=0.5
17. What is the dependent variable?
A. The effect of gingko biloba Situation: Survey and Statistics are important parts of research
B. Memory and retention that is necessary to explain the characteristics of the
C. Gingko biloba population.
D. Enhancing memory and retention
26. All but one of the following is not a measure of central
18. The research design best used in this research is: tendency.
A. Experimental A. Mode C. Standard deviation
B. Non-experimental B. Variable D. Range
C. Descriptive
D. Qualitative 27. It reflects the most frequent value that appears in the set
data.
19. The hypothesis developed was: Gingko biloba improves A. Mean C. Median
memory and retention. This is an example of: B. Mode D. Ratio
A. Simple, directional
B. Simple, non-directional 28. In the values: 87, 85, 88, 92, 90, the mean is:
C. Complex, directional A. 88.2 C. 87
D. Complex, non-directional B. 88.4 D. 90
20. Gingko biloba has an effect on memory and retention best 29. In the values: 80, 80, 80, 82, 82, 90, 90, 100, the mode is:
describes which type of hypothesis? A. 80 C. 90
A. Simple, directional B. 82 D. 85.5
B. Simple, non-directional
C. Complex, directional 30. In the values: 80, 80, 10, 10, 25, 65, 100, 200, the median
D. Complex, non-directional is:
A. 71.25 C. 10 and 25
21. Which of the following is the best null hypothesis (H 0) for B. 22.5 D. 72.5
this study?
A. Gingko biloba has no effect on enhancing memory and
retention
B. Gingko biloba has an effect on enhancing memory and
retention
C. Gingko biloba has no effect on enhancing memory and
retention of 4th year high school students
Situation: As a peri-operative nurse, you are aware of the
correct processing methods for preparing disinfection.
32. Before you use an instrument disinfectant, it is essential
31. As an OR nurse, what is your foremost consideration for that you:
selecting chemical agents for disinfection? A. Rinse with tap water followed by alcohol
A. Material compatibility and efficiency B. Wrap the instrument with sterile cloth
B. Odor and availability C. Dry the instrument thoroughly
C. Cost and duration of disinfectant process D. Rinse with sterile water
D. Duration of disinfectant and efficiency
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33. You have a critical heat labile instrument to sterilize and 41. Which leadership style best empower the staff towards
are considering using high level disinfectant. What should you excellence?
do? A. Autocratic C. Democratic
A. Cover the soaking vessel to contain the vapor B. Situational D. Laissez faire
B. Double the amount of high level disinfectant
C. Test the potency of the high level disinfectant 42. As nurse manager, Jillian enjoys her staff of talented and
D. Prolong the exposure time according to manufacturer’s well-motivated individuals. She knew the leadership style to
direction suit the needs of this kind of people is called:
A. Autocratic C. Democratic
34. To achieve sterilization using disinfectant, which of the B. Participative D. Laissez faire
following is used?
A. Low level disinfectant immersion for 24 hours 43. A fire has broken in Jillian’s unit. The best leadership style
B. Intermediate level disinfectant immersion for 12 hours suited in cases of emergencies like this is:
C. High level disinfectant immersion for 1 hour A. Autocratic C. Democratic
D. High level disinfectant immersion for 10 hours B. Participative D. Laissez faire
35. Bronchoscope, thermometer, endoscope, ET tube, 44. Mrs. Vergara is thinking of introducing the Primary Nursing
cystoscope, are all best sterilized using which of the following? Model Approach. You understand that in this nursing model:
A. Autoclaving at 1210C in 15 minutes A. The nurse manager assigns tasks to the staff members
B. Flash sterilizer at 1320C in 3 minutes B. Critical paths are used in providing nursing care
C. Ethylene oxide gas aeration for 20 hours C. A simple registered nurse is responsible for planning and
D. 2% Glutaraldehyde immersion for 30 minutes providing individualized nursing care
D. Nursing staff are led by an RN leader in providing care to a
Situation: Health promotion is the priority nursing group of clients
responsibility. The nurse should be able to promote the client’s
well-being and identify ways on improving the client’s quality 45. Evaluation as administrative process is best described as:
of life. A. Obtaining commitment of members to do better
B. Follow-up activities that have been stated
36. The nurse is caring for a 16-year old female client who isn’t C. A continuing process of seeing that performance meet goals
sexually active. The client asks if she needs a Papanicolau test. and targets
The nurse should reply: D. Informing personnel how well and how much improvement
A. Yes, she should have a Pap smear after the onset of has been made
menstruation
B. No, because she isn’t sexually active Situation: Mr. Delos Reyes, 70 years old, was suddenly rushed
C. Yes, because she’s 16 years old to the hospital because of severe chest pain. On admission, he
D. No, because she is not yet 21 years old was diagnosed to have an acute myocardial infarction and was
placed in the ICU.
37. The nurse is assessing a client who complains of abdominal 46. While he is in the ICU, he executes a document that lists
pain, nausea, and diarrhea. When examining the client’s the medical treatments he chooses to refuse in case his
abdomen, which sequence should the nurse use? condition becomes severe to a point that he will be unable to
A. Inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation make decisions for himself. The document is:
B. Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation A. Living will C. Last will and testament
C. Auscultation, inspection, palpation, percussion B. Power of attorney D. Informed consent
D. Palpation, auscultation, percussion, inspection
47. After one day, the patient’s condition worsened and he felt
38. The nurse is speaking to a group of women about early hopeless. He requested the nurse to remove the oxygen. The
detection of breast cancer. The average age of women in the nurse should:
group is 45. Following the Philippine Cancer Society guidelines, A. Follow the patient because it is his right to die gracefully
the nurse should recommend that the women should: B. Refuse the patient since euthanasia is not accepted in the
A. Perform a breast self-examination annually Philippines
B. Have a mammogram annually C. Follow the patient as it is his right to determine the medical
C. Have a hormonal receptor assay annually regimen he needs
D. Have a physician conduct a clinical examination every 2 D. Refuse the patient and encourage him to verbalize his
years feelings
39. The school nurse is planning a program for a group of 48. Euthanasia is an ethical dilemma which confronts nurses in
teenagers on skin cancer prevention. Which of the following the ICU because:
instruction should the nurse emphasize on her talk? A. Decisions has to be made quickly, often under stressful
A. Stay out of the sun between 1 pm and 3 pm situations
B. Tanning booth is a safe alternative for those who wish to B. Decisions has to be made based on societal norms
tan C. The choices involved do not appear to be clearly right or
C. Sun exposure is safe, provided the client wears a protective wrong
clothing D. A client’s legal rights co-exist with the nurse’s professional
D. Examine skin once per month, looking for suspicious lesions obligation
or changes in moles 49. The personal conviction that euthanasia is absolutely
wrong in any situation is:
40. An employer establishes a physical exercise area in the A. Personal value
workplace, and encourages all employees to use it. This is an B. Legal obligation
example of which level of prevention? C. Ethical issue
A. Primary prevention C. Tertiary prevention D. Immoral belief
B. Secondary prevention D. Passive prevention
50. Mr. Delos Reyes felt better after 3 days but recognized the
Situation: Mrs. Vergara is now the chief nurse of a hospital in severity of his illness. He executed a document authorizing his
Manila. She is clinically reviewing different management styles wife to transact any form of business in his behalf in addition
and theories that will best help her in running the nursing to all decisions relative to his confinement. This document is
services in the hospital. referred to as:
A. Power of attorney C. Medical record
B. Informed consent D. Living will
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57. In infants 1 year and below, which of the following is the 66. When performing oral care to an unconscious client, which
site of choice for intramuscular injection? of the following is a special consideration to prevent aspiration
A. Deltoid C. Ventrogluteal of fluids into the lungs?
B. Rectus femoris D. Vastus lateralis A. Put the client on side-lying position with head of bed
lowered
58. Mrs. Morales is obese. When administering subcutaneous B. Keep the patient dry by placing a towel under the chin
injection to an obese patient, it is best for the nurse to: C. Wash hands and observe appropriate infection control
A. Inject needle at 15 degree angle over the stretched skin of D. Clean mouth with oral swabs in a careful and an orderly
the client progression
B. Pinch skin at the injection site and use airlock technique
C. Pull skin of patient down to administer the drug via Z track 67. A possible problem while providing oral care to
D. Spread skin or pinch at the injection site and inject needle unconscious clients is the risk of fluid aspiration to the lungs.
at a 45-90 degree angle This can be avoided by:
A. Cleaning teeth and mouth with cotton swabs soaked in
59. When preparing for a subcutaneous injection, the proper mouthwash to avoid rinsing the buccal cavity
size of syringe and needle would be: B. Swabbing the inside of the cheeks and lips, tongue, and
A. Syringe 3-5 mL and needle gauge 21 to 23 gums with dry cotton swabs
B. Tuberculin syringe 1 mL with needle gauge 26 to 27 C. Use finger wrapped with wet cotton washcloth to rub inside
C. Syringe 2 mL and needle gauge 22 the cheeks, tongue, lips and gums
D. Syringe 1-3 mL and needle gauge 25 to 27 D. Suctioning as needed while cleaning the buccal cavity
60. The rationale for giving medications through the 68. Your client has difficulty of breathing and is mouth
subcutaneous route is: breathing most of the time. This causes dryness of the mouth
A. There are many alternative sites for subcutaneous injection with unpleasant odor. Oral hygiene is recommended for the
B. Absorption time of medication is slower client and in addition, you will keep the mouth moistened by
C. There are less pain receptors in the area using:
A. Salt solution C. Petroleum jelly
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89. Georgia does review of related literature for the purpose 96. Instruction on health promotion regarding urinary
of: elimination is important. Which would you include?
A. Determining statistical treatment of data research A. Hold urine as long as she can before emptying her bladder
B. Gathering data about what is already known or unknown to strengthen her sphincter muscles
about the problem B. If burning sensation is experienced while voiding, drink
C. Identifying if the problem can be replicated pineapple juice
D. Answering the research question C. After urination, wipe from anal area towards the pubis
D. Tell client to empty the bladder eat each voiding
90. Clients’ rights should be protected when doing research
using human subjects. Georgia identifies the rights as follows 97. Mrs. Silva talks about her fear of being incontinent due to a
except: prior experience of dribbling urine when laughing or sneezing,
A. Right to self-determination C. Right to privacy and when she has a full bladder. Your most appropriate action
B. Right to compensation D. Right not to be harmed would be to:
A. Tell client to drink less fluid to avoid incontinence
Situation: Ben has a nursing diagnosis of ineffective airway B. Instruct client to start wearing thin adult diapers
clearance related to excessive secretions and is at risk for C. Ask the client to bring an extra underwear “just in case”
infection because of retained secretions. Part of Nurse Jenny’s D. Teach client pelvic exercises to strengthen perineal muscles
care plan is to loosen and remove secretions in the airway.
98. Mrs. Silva asked for instructions for skin care for her
91. Jenny listens to Ben’s bilateral sounds and finds that mother who has urinary incontinence and is almost always in
congestion is in the upper lobes of the lungs. The appropriate bed. Your instruction would focus on prevention of skin
position to drain the anterior and posterior apical segments of irritation and breakdown by:
the lungs when Jenny does percussion would be: A. Using thick diapers to absorb urine well
A. Client lying on his back and then flat on his abdomen on B. Drying the skin with baby powder to prevent or mask the
Trendelenburg position smell of ammonia
B. Client seated upright in bed or on a chair then leaning C. Thorough washing, rinsing, and drying of skin area that gets
forward in sitting position then flat on his back and on his her wet with urine
abdomen D. Making sure that the linen are smooth and dry at all times
C. Client lying flat on his back and the flat on his abdomen
D. Client lying on his right the left side on Trendelenburg 99. Which of the following is the priority nursing action when a
position urinary catheter has been inserted in a female client with no
urine return?
92. When documenting outcome of Ben’s treatment, Jenny A. Insert the catheter another four inches
should include the following on her recording except: B. Secure the catheter tubing to the inside of the thigh
A. Color, amount, and consistency of sputum C. Encourage the client to increase fluid intake
B. Character of breath sounds and respiratory rate before and D. Leave the catheter in the vagina and insert another catheter
after the procedure
C. Amount of fluid intake of client before and after the 100. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing
procedure action when the nurse has inserted a urinary catheter in a
D. Significant changes in vital signs male client but there is no return of urine?
A. Advance the catheter further
93. When assessing Ben for chest percussion or chest B. Remove catheter
vibration, and postural drainage, Jenny would focus on the C. Tape the catheter in place and encourage fluids
following except: D. Report signs of urinary infection
A. Amount of food and fluid taken during the last meal before
treatment
B. Respiratory rate, breath sounds, and location of congestion
C. Teaching the client’s relatives to perform the procedure
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