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Nodos

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UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE SAN LUIS POTOSÍ

Facultad de Ingeniería
Ingeniería en Electricidad y Automatización

Circuitos Eléctricos A
Unidad 2
Dra. Ericka Reyes Sánchez
2. Métodos y teoremas de análisis de circuitos resistivos (20 h).
Objetivo de aprendizaje la Unidad o Fase: Calcular corrientes, voltajes y potencias para conocer
el comportamiento de los circuitos eléctricos utilizando los principales métodos y teoremas de
análisis.
Contenidos educativos específicos:
2.1 Método de mallas.
2.2 Concepto de supermalla.
2.3 Método de nodos.
2.4 Concepto de supernodo.
2.5 Reducción de redes resistivas
2.6 Transformación de fuentes.
2.7 Teorema de superposición.
2.8 Teoremas de Thévenin y Norton.
2.9 Teorema de máxima transferencia de potencia.
Actividades de aprendizaje:
• Realizar ejercicios de los temas vistos en clase*.
• Investigar aplicaciones de electrónica, máquinas eléctricas, vehículos, electroquímica, etc.
modeladas con circuitos eléctricos*.
• Realización de prácticas de laboratorio.
Nodal Analysis
Nodal analysis provides a general procedure for analyzing circuits using
node voltages as the circuit variables. Choosing node voltages instead
of element voltages as circuit variables is convenient and reduces the
number of equations one must solve simultaneously.
To simplify matters, we shall assume in this section that circuits do not
contain voltage sources. Circuits that contain voltage sources will be
analyzed in the next section.
In nodal analysis, we are interested in finding the node voltages. Given
a circuit with n nodes without voltage sources, the nodal analysis of the
circuit involves taking the following three steps.
We shall now explain and apply these three steps.
The first step in nodal analysis is selecting a node as the reference or
datum node. The reference node is commonly called the ground since
it is assumed to have zero potential. A reference node is indicated by
any of the three symbols in Fig. 3.1. The type of ground in Fig. 3.1(c) is
called a chassis ground and is used in devices where the case,
enclosure, or chassis acts as a reference point for all circuits. When the
potential of the earth is used as reference, we use the earth ground in
Fig. 3.1(a) or (b). We shall always use the symbol in Fig. 3.1(b).
Once we have selected a reference node, we assign voltage designations
to nonreference nodes.
Applying KCL

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