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    Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky was a Russian composer born in 1840 who is considered one of the greatest composers in history. He is most famous for his ballets "Swan Lake," "The Sleeping Beauty," and "The Nutcracker." Tchaikovsky studied music from a young age and went on to teach at the Moscow Conservatory before resigning in 1878 to focus solely on composing. He produced over 100 works in his lifetime and became renowned for his mastery of orchestral and chamber music. Tchaikovsky struggled with his sexuality and had an unsuccessful marriage before dying in St. Petersburg in 1893 at the age of 53.

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    Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky was a Russian composer born in 1840 who is considered one of the greatest composers in history. He is most famous for his ballets "Swan Lake," "The Sleeping Beauty," and "The Nutcracker." Tchaikovsky studied music from a young age and went on to teach at the Moscow Conservatory before resigning in 1878 to focus solely on composing. He produced over 100 works in his lifetime and became renowned for his mastery of orchestral and chamber music. Tchaikovsky struggled with his sexuality and had an unsuccessful marriage before dying in St. Petersburg in 1893 at the age of 53.

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    Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky was a Russian composer born in 1840 who is considered one of the greatest composers in history. He is most famous for his ballets "Swan Lake," "The Sleeping Beauty," and "The Nutcracker." Tchaikovsky studied music from a young age and went on to teach at the Moscow Conservatory before resigning in 1878 to focus solely on composing. He produced over 100 works in his lifetime and became renowned for his mastery of orchestral and chamber music. Tchaikovsky struggled with his sexuality and had an unsuccessful marriage before dying in St. Petersburg in 1893 at the age of 53.

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    14 views2 pages

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    Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky was a Russian composer born in 1840 who is considered one of the greatest composers in history. He is most famous for his ballets "Swan Lake," "The Sleeping Beauty," and "The Nutcracker." Tchaikovsky studied music from a young age and went on to teach at the Moscow Conservatory before resigning in 1878 to focus solely on composing. He produced over 100 works in his lifetime and became renowned for his mastery of orchestral and chamber music. Tchaikovsky struggled with his sexuality and had an unsuccessful marriage before dying in St. Petersburg in 1893 at the age of 53.

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    CRIME

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    Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky

    Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky is widely considered the most popular Russian composer in
    history. His work includes the 'The Sleeping Beauty' and 'The Nutcracker.'
    UPDATED: MAY 27, 2021

    Photo: Rischgitz/Getty Images


    (1840-1893)

    Who Was Tchaikovsky?


    Composer Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's work was first publicly performed in 1865. In
    1868, his First Symphony was well-received. In 1874, he established himself with
    Piano Concerto No.1 in B-flat Minor. Tchaikovsky resigned from the Moscow
    Conservatory in 1878 and spent the rest of his career composing yet more
    prolifically. Tchaikovsky is most celebrated for his ballets, specifically Swan
    Lake, The Sleeping Beauty and The Nutcracker. He died in St. Petersburg on November
    6, 1893.

    Early Life
    Russian composer Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky was born on May 7, 1840, in Kamsko-
    Votkinsk, Vyatka, Russia. He was the second eldest of his parents' six surviving
    offspring. Tchaikovsky's father, Ilya, worked as a mine inspector and metal works
    manager.

    When he was just five years old, Tchaikovsky began taking piano lessons. Although
    he displayed an early passion for music, his parents hoped that he would grow up to
    work in the civil service. At the age of 10, Tchaikovsky began attending the
    Imperial School of Jurisprudence, a boarding school in St. Petersburg. His mother,
    Alexandra, died of cholera in 1854, when he was 14 years old. In 1859, Tchaikovsky
    honored his parents' wishes by taking up a bureau clerk post with the Ministry of
    Justice — a post he would hold for four years, during which time he became
    increasingly fascinated with music.

    When he was 21, Tchaikovsky decided to take music lessons at the Russian Musical
    Society. A few months later, he enrolled at the newly founded St. Petersburg
    Conservatory, becoming one of the school's first composition students. In addition
    to learning while at the conservatory, Tchaikovsky gave private lessons to other
    students. In 1863, he moved to Moscow, where he became a professor of harmony at
    the Moscow Conservatory.

    Tchaikovsky's Compositions
    Operas
    Pyotr Tchaikovsky's work was first publicly performed in 1865, with Johann Strauss
    the Younger conducting Tchaikovsky's Characteristic Dances at a Pavlovsk concert.
    In 1868, Tchaikovsky's First Symphony was well-received when it was publicly
    performed in Moscow. The following year, his first opera, The Voyevoda, made its
    way to the stage — with little fanfare.

    After scrapping The Voyevoda, Tchaikovsky repurposed some of its material to


    compose his next opera, Oprichnik, which achieved some acclaim when it was
    performed at the Maryinsky in St. Petersburg in 1874. By this time, Tchaikovsky had
    also earned praise for his Second Symphony. Also in 1874, his opera, Vakula the
    Smith, received harsh critical reviews, yet Tchaikovsky still managed to establish
    himself as a talented composer of instrumental pieces with his Piano Concerto No.1
    in B-flat Minor.

    From 'Swan Lake' to 'The Nutcracker' Ballets


    Acclaim came readily for Tchaikovsky in 1875, with his composition Symphony No. 3
    in D Major. At the end of that year, the composer embarked on a tour of Europe. In
    1876, he completed the ballet Swan Lake as well as the fantasy Francesca da Rimini.
    While the former has come to be one of the most frequently performed ballets of all
    time, Tchaikovsky again endured the ire of critics, who at its premiere panned it
    as too complex and too "noisy."

    Tchaikovsky resigned from the Moscow Conservatory in 1878 to focus his efforts
    entirely on composing. As a result, he spent the remainder of his career composing
    more prolifically than ever. His collective body of work constitutes 169 pieces,
    including symphonies, operas, ballets, concertos, cantatas and songs. Among his
    most famed late works are the ballets The Sleeping Beauty (1890) and The Nutcracker
    (1892).

    Personal Life
    Struggling with societal pressures to repress his homosexuality, in 1877,
    Tchaikovsky married a young music student named Antonina Milyukova. The marriage
    was a catastrophe, with Tchaikovsky abandoning his wife within weeks of the
    wedding. During a nervous breakdown, he unsuccessfully attempted to commit suicide,
    and eventually fled abroad.

    Tchaikovsky could afford to resign from the Moscow Conservatory in 1878, thanks to
    the patronage of a wealthy widow named Nadezhda von Meck. She provided him with a
    monthly allowance until 1890; oddly, their arrangement stipulated that they would
    never meet.

    Death
    Tchaikovsky died in St. Petersburg on November 6, 1893. While the cause of his
    death was officially declared as cholera, some of his biographers believe that he
    committed suicide after the humiliation of a sex scandal trial. However, only oral
    (no written) documentation exists to support this theory.

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