Glossary of Sap Terms

GLOSSARY OF
REFERENCE
MATERIALS BASIC SAP TERMS
Term Definition
ABAP Advanced Business Application Programming - a programming language

used for developing SAP applications
Business Process A series of connected activities that a business performs to achieve a

specific goal
Client An independent environment where a particular set of data is stored

and processed within an SAP system
Customizing The process of adapting the SAP system to meet specific business
requirements
Data Dictionary A repository of metadata that defines the structure and semantics of
data in the SAP system
ERP Enterprise Resource Planning - a software solution that helps manage

business processes and resources
Fiori A user experience platform that provides a set of applications that run
on any device
HANA High-Performance Analytic Appliance - a database management system

used by SAP to process large volumes of data in real-time
Infotype A group of related data fields that store information about a specific
topic, such as employee information or organizational structure
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GLOSSARY OF
REFERENCE
Integration The process of combining different systems, processes, and data into a
unified system
LSMW Legacy System Migration Workbench - a tool used to transfer data from
legacy systems to SAP
Master Data Data that remains relatively stable and is used to support the operation
of the organization
Module A functional area of the SAP system that corresponds to a specific

business process
NetWeaver A technology platform that provides the foundation for all SAP
applications and enables integration with third-party systems
OData Open Data Protocol - a web protocol used for exchanging data
Organizational Unit A group of related employees, positions, or departments that share

common attributes in the SAP system
Process Chain A sequence of tasks that are executed in a specific order to accomplish
a particular goal
Query A predefined set of data that can be extracted from the SAP system
RFC Remote Function Call - a protocol used by SAP to exchange data with
other systems
SAPGUI SAP Graphical User Interface - a software component that provides a

user interface to access SAP applications

GLOSSARY OF
REFERENCE
T-Code A transaction code that allows users to navigate to a specific screen or

transaction in the SAP system
User Exit A programming mechanism used to enhance the functionality of SAP

applications
Variant A saved set of input parameters for a particular report or transaction in

the SAP system
Workflow A series of tasks that are performed in a specific order to complete a

business process in the SAP system
XI/PI Exchange Infrastructure/Process Integration - a middleware component

used to integrate SAP systems with other applications and systems
ABAP Workbench A development environment used to create, modify, and maintain ABAP
programs
Authorization A set of rules that determines which users have access to specific
transactions, reports, or functions in the SAP system
BAPI Business Application Programming Interface - a set of interfaces that

provide access to SAP functions and data
CDS Views Core Data Services Views - a feature of SAP HANA that allows
developers to define and consume data models
Delivery Document A document that confirms the delivery of goods or services to a

customer
EHP Enhancement Package - a set of new features and functionality that can
be installed in an SAP system

GLOSSARY OF
REFERENCE
Fiori Launchpad A web-based interface that provides access to SAP Fiori apps
A component of the SAP system that enables communication between

Gateway
SAP and non-SAP systems
Human Capital Management - a module of the SAP system used to

HCM
manage employee data
International Demonstration and Education System - a preconfigured

IDES
SAP system used for training and testing purposes
Java Connector - a component that allows Java applications to

JCO
communicate with SAP systems
The process of transferring data from one system to another during a

Data migration
software implementation
Dialog program A program used to create user interfaces for SAP applications
Extract, Transform, The process of extracting data from multiple sources, transforming it to
Load (ETL) fit the target system, and loading it into the new system
A collection of web applications designed to simplify common SAP

Fiori
business functions
A software component that enables communication between SAP

Gateway
systems and non-SAP systems

GLOSSARY OF
REFERENCE
InfoCube A data storage unit in the SAP Business Warehouse system
Key performance Quantifiable measures used to evaluate the success or progress of a

indicators (KPIs) business process
A system that is outdated or no longer in use, but may still contain

Legacy system
valuable data
Data that remains unchanged over time and is used as a reference for
Master data
transactional data
Non-Production
A system that is used for testing, training, and development purposes
Environment
Object-oriented
A programming technique that organizes software into objects with
programming
defined properties and methods
(OOP)
Production
The live, operational system used for day-to-day business transactions
Environment
Quality assurance The process of ensuring that software meets quality standards and
(QA) requirements before deployment
Remote Function A protocol used to enable communication between different SAP

Call (RFC) systems
SAP Business A data warehousing and reporting system used to store and analyze
Warehouse (BW) large amounts of data

GLOSSARY OF
REFERENCE
An in-memory, column-oriented, relational database management

SAP HANA
system used to store and process large amounts of data in real-time
An intelligent ERP system that provides real-time business insights and

SAP S/4HANA
integrates with SAP and non-SAP systems
Service-oriented A software design pattern that structures software as a set of services

architecture (SOA) that can be accessed and reused by other software systems
User acceptance A testing phase where end-users test the system to ensure that it meets
testing (UAT) their business requirements
An integrated development environment (IDE) used to develop and

Workbench
modify SAP applications
A set of data that remains static and unchanging, such as customers,

Master Data
vendors, and materials.
A set of data that is constantly changing, such as sales orders, purchase

Transaction Data
orders, and invoices.
An in-memory, column-oriented, relational database management

SAP HANA
system developed and marketed by SAP SE.
An intelligent, integrated ERP system that runs on the SAP HANA

SAP S/4HANA in-memory database, providing real-time insights and agility to
businesses.
A collection of apps that represents the new user experience (UX) for
SAP Fiori
SAP software.

GLOSSARY OF
REFERENCE
An integrated technology platform for SAP software, providing the

SAP NetWeaver
technical foundation for many SAP applications.
An enterprise data warehousing solution that runs on SAP HANA,

SAP BW/4HANA
providing real-time insights and analytics to businesses.
Material Management module in SAP that manages procurement

SAP MM
activities, inventory management, and invoice verification.
Sales and Distribution module in SAP that manages sales activities,

SAP SD
pricing, and billing.
Financial Accounting module in SAP that manages financial transactions,

SAP FI
general ledger, and accounts payable and receivable.
Controlling module in SAP that manages cost accounting and

SAP CO
profitability analysis.
Production Planning module in SAP that manages manufacturing

SAP PP activities, including production scheduling, capacity planning, and
material requirements planning.
Quality Management module in SAP that manages quality control and

SAP QM
quality assurance activities.
Plant Maintenance module in SAP that manages equipment

SAP PM
maintenance, preventive maintenance, and work orders.
Project System module in SAP that manages project planning,

SAP PS
budgeting, and execution.

GLOSSARY OF
REFERENCE
Human Resources module in SAP that manages personnel

SAP HR
administration, payroll, and time management.
Customer Relationship Management module in SAP that manages

SAP CRM
customer interactions, marketing, and sales.
Supply Chain Management module in SAP that manages supply chain

SAP SCM
planning, execution, and collaboration.
Supplier Relationship Management module in SAP that manages

SAP SRM
supplier relationships, procurement, and sourcing.
Extended Warehouse Management module in SAP that manages

SAP EWM warehouse activities, including inventory management, order
fulfillment, and shipping.
Master Data Governance module in SAP that manages master data

SAP MDG
creation, maintenance, and governance.
Governance, Risk, and Compliance module in SAP that manages

SAP GRC
compliance with legal and regulatory requirements.
A central platform for managing SAP systems and applications

SAP Solution
throughout their lifecycle, providing support for project management,
Manager
testing, and documentation.
A business management software designed for small and medium-sized

SAP Business One enterprises, providing features for financial management, inventory
tracking, and customer relationship management.

GLOSSARY OF
REFERENCE
A cloud-based procurement platform that streamlines the procurement

SAP Ariba process, providing features for supplier management, contract
management, and sourcing.
A cloud-based human capital management system that manages

SAP SuccessFactors
employee data, payroll, and performance management.
A cloud-based travel and expense management solution that simplifies

SAP Concur
expense reporting and approval processes.
An e-commerce platform that provides features for online sales,

SAP Hybris
marketing, and customer service.
A data visualization software that provides interactive dashboards and

SAP Lumira
reports for data analysis.
SAP
A suite of business intelligence and
BusinessObjects


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What are some common SAP modules and their functions?

What are some common SAP modules and their functions?

What are some common SAP platforms and technologies?

What are some common SAP platforms and technologies?

GLOSSARY OF

ABAP Advanced Business Application Programming - a programming language

Business Process A series of connected activities that a business performs to achieve a

Client An independent environment where a particular set of data is stored

ERP Enterprise Resource Planning - a software solution that helps manage

HANA High-Performance Analytic Appliance - a database management system

1 Copyright© 2023, ZaranTech LLC. All rights reserved

Module A functional area of the SAP system that corresponds to a specific

Organizational Unit A group of related employees, positions, or departments that share

SAPGUI SAP Graphical User Interface - a software component that provides a

2 Copyright© 2023, ZaranTech LLC. All rights reserved

T-Code A transaction code that allows users to navigate to a specific screen or

User Exit A programming mechanism used to enhance the functionality of SAP

Variant A saved set of input parameters for a particular report or transaction in

Workflow A series of tasks that are performed in a specific order to complete a

XI/PI Exchange Infrastructure/Process Integration - a middleware component

BAPI Business Application Programming Interface - a set of interfaces that

Delivery Document A document that confirms the delivery of goods or services to a

3 Copyright© 2023, ZaranTech LLC. All rights reserved

A component of the SAP system that enables communication between

Human Capital Management - a module of the SAP system used to

International Demonstration and Education System - a preconfigured

Java Connector - a component that allows Java applications to

The process of transferring data from one system to another during a

A collection of web applications designed to simplify common SAP

A software component that enables communication between SAP

4 Copyright© 2023, ZaranTech LLC. All rights reserved

InfoCube A data storage unit in the SAP Business Warehouse system

Key performance Quantifiable measures used to evaluate the success or progress of a

A system that is outdated or no longer in use, but may still contain

Remote Function A protocol used to enable communication between different SAP

5 Copyright© 2023, ZaranTech LLC. All rights reserved

An in-memory, column-oriented, relational database management

An intelligent ERP system that provides real-time business insights and

Service-oriented A software design pattern that structures software as a set of services

An integrated development environment (IDE) used to develop and

A set of data that remains static and unchanging, such as customers,

A set of data that is constantly changing, such as sales orders, purchase

An in-memory, column-oriented, relational database management

An intelligent, integrated ERP system that runs on the SAP HANA

6 Copyright© 2023, ZaranTech LLC. All rights reserved

An integrated technology platform for SAP software, providing the

An enterprise data warehousing solution that runs on SAP HANA,

Material Management module in SAP that manages procurement

Sales and Distribution module in SAP that manages sales activities,

Financial Accounting module in SAP that manages financial transactions,

Controlling module in SAP that manages cost accounting and

Production Planning module in SAP that manages manufacturing

Quality Management module in SAP that manages quality control and

Plant Maintenance module in SAP that manages equipment

Project System module in SAP that manages project planning,

7 Copyright© 2023, ZaranTech LLC. All rights reserved

Human Resources module in SAP that manages personnel

Customer Relationship Management module in SAP that manages

Supply Chain Management module in SAP that manages supply chain

Supplier Relationship Management module in SAP that manages