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  • 25.1 Declaring A Structure

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    Qazi Yasir Azam
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    The document discusses C structures, which allow grouping of different data types together under one name. It shows how to declare and define a structure, access structure members, create arrays of structures, assign one structure variable to another, and compares structures to unions. An example is given to store student data in a structure and write functions to print names of students of a given year and print data of a student given their roll number.

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    The document discusses C structures, which allow grouping of different data types together under one name. It shows how to declare and define a structure, access structure members, create arrays of structures, assign one structure variable to another, and compares structures to unions. An example is given to store student data in a structure and write functions to print names of students of a given year and print data of a student given their roll number.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    15 views5 pages

    25.1 Declaring A Structure

    Uploaded by

    Qazi Yasir Azam
    The document discusses C structures, which allow grouping of different data types together under one name. It shows how to declare and define a structure, access structure members, create arrays of structures, assign one structure variable to another, and compares structures to unions. An example is given to store student data in a structure and write functions to print names of students of a given year and print data of a student given their roll number.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
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    of 5

    25. Structure: Arrays can hold a number of pieces of information of the same data type.

    By
    structure we can store information of the different data types.

    25.1 Declaring a structure:

    #include<stdio.h>

    struct book
    {
    char name[10];
    float price;
    int pages;
    };

    void main()
    {
    struct book b1, b2;

    printf(“Enter name, price, and pages of first book\n”);


    scanf(“%s%f%d”, b1.name, &b1.price, &b1.pages);

    printf(“Enter name, price, and pages of second book\n”);


    scanf(“%s%f%d”, b2.name, &b2.price, &b2.pages);

    printf(“\n The first book name is %s, price is %f, pages are %d”, b1.name, b1.price,
    b1.pages);
    printf(“\n The second book name is %s, price is %f, pages are %d”, b2.name, b2.price,
    b2.pages);

    25.2 How structure elements are stored:

    struct book
    {
    char name[10];
    float price;
    int pages;
    }b1;
    25.3 Array of structure:

    #include<stdio.h>

    struct book
    {
    char name[10];
    float price;
    int pages;
    };

    void main()
    {
    struct book b[5];
    for(i=0;i<5;i++)
    {
    printf(“\n Enter name, price, and pages”);
    scanf(“%s%f%d”, b[i].name, &b[i].price, &b[i].pages);
    }

    for(i=0;i<5;i++)
    {
    printf(“\n %s %f %d”, b[i].name, b[i].price, b[i].pages);
    }
    }

    void linkfloat()
    {
    float a=0, *b;
    b=&a;
    a=*b;
    }

    25.4 The values of a structure variable can be assigned to another variable of the same type
    using the assignment operator.

    struct employee
    {
    char name[10];
    int age;
    float salary;
    };

    void main()
    {
    struct employee e1={“sanjay”, 30, 5000.00};
    struct employee e2;
    e2=e1;
    printf(“%s %d %f\n”, e1.name, e1.age, e1.salary);
    printf(“%s %d %f”,e2.nam, e2.age, e2.salary);
    }

    25.5 structure vs. union:

    Structure Union
    1 In structure, memory is allocated to each In union, memory is allocated to only one
    variable separately. variable which has maximum size.
    2 struct A union B
    { {
    char ch; char ch;
    int i; int i;
    float f; float f;
    }; };
    3

    1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
    byte byte byte byte byte byte byte byte byte byte byt
    e
    ch i f
    ch
    i
    f

    25.6 Create a structure to specify data on students given below:


    Roll number, Name, Department, Course, Year of joining.
    Assume that there are not more than 100 students in the college.
    Write a function to print names of all students who joined in a particular year.
    Write a function to print the data of a student whose roll number is given.

    #include<stdio.h>
    #include<conio.h>

    void Print_Name();
    void Print_Data();

    struct student
    {
    int rn;
    char name[20];
    char dept[20];
    char course[20];
    int year;
    }S[100];

    void main()
    {
    int i;
    clrscr();

    for(i=0;i<100;i++)
    {
    printf("Enter roll no., name, department, course, joining year");
    scanf("%d",&S[i].rn);
    fflush(0);
    gets(S[i].name);
    fflush(0);
    gets(S[i].dept);
    fflush(0);
    gets(S[i].course);
    fflush(0);
    scanf("%d",&S[i].year);
    }
    Print_Name();
    Print_Data();
    getch();
    }

    void Print_Name()
    {
    int year, i;
    printf("\n enter year");
    scanf("%d",&year);
    for(i=0;i<100;i++)
    {
    if(year==S[i].year)
    {
    printf("\n%s",S[i].name);
    }
    }
    }

    void Print_Data()
    {
    int r, i;
    printf("\n enter roll no.");
    scanf("%d",&r);
    for(i=0;i<100;i++)
    {
    if(r==S[i]. rn)
    {
    printf("\n%s",S[i].name);
    puts(S[i].dept);
    puts(S[i].course);
    printf("%d",S[i].year);
    break;
    }
    }
    }

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