LINDA LEE+ ERIK GUNDERSEN

Pre-Intermediate

LINDA LEE + ERII< GUNDERSEN

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OXFORD
UNIVERSITY PRESS
 Teachers tell us that the single most important factor in engaging their students in reading
courses is having a bool< that offers high-interest, level-appropriate content. So, as its title
suggests, Select Readings, Second Edition features dynamic, carefully-selected readings
chosen by experienced teachers to meet the needs of today's global learners.
The publisher would like to thank the following teachers who worked closely with us to select
and approve the topics and reading passages throughout Select Readings, Second Edition:

Paul Batt, EMU, Taichung Desiree Lin, Tunghai University, Taichung City
Andrew Boon, Toyo Gakuen University, Japan Wan-yun Sophia Liu, CEO language Institute,
Crystal Brunelli, Tokyo Jogakkan Middle and High Sanchong City
School, Japan Wen-Hsing Luo, National Hsinchu University of
ilke Buyukduman, Istanbul Sehir University, Turkey Education, Hukou
Tina Chantal Chen, English Language Institute of Shuji Narita, Osaka University of Economics, Japan
Testing and Education, Zhonghe City Aybike Oguz, Ozyegin University, Turkey
Kim Dammers, Konyang University, Korea Sakae Onoda, Kanda University of International Studies,
Erdogan Erturkoglu, Bezmi Alem University, Turkey Japan
Lee Faire, Toyama College of Foreign Languages, Japan Zekariya Oz�evik, KTO Karatay University, Turkey
Yuehchiu Fang, National Formosa University, Huwei Erick Romero, Centro de Educaci6n Integral de Celaya
S.C., Mexico
Wendy M. Gough, St. Mary College/Nunoike Gaigo
Senmon Gakko, Japan Jessica Hsiu-ching Shen, Chia Nan University of
Pharmacy & Science, Tainan
Michael Griffin, Chung-Ang University, Korea
Mi-Young Song, Kyungwon University International
Hirofumi Hosokawa, Fukuoka Jo Gakuin University, Language Center, Korea
Japan
Susan Sunflower, Teacher Education Cons1Jltant, U.S.
Zoe Hsu, National Tainan University, Tainan
David Tonetti, Sullivan School, Korea
Cecile Hwang, Changwon National University, Korea
NJ Walters, Kagoshima Immaculate Heart University,
Zeynep Kurular, ITU SFL Prep School, Turkey Japan
Carmella Lieske, Shimane University, Japan Shan-Shan Wang. National Taiwan University, Taipei

iii
Contents
Scope and Sequence vi
Series Overview viii

Chapter 1 Are You Getting Enough Sleep? 1

"What happens if you don't get enough sleep? Randy
Gardner, a high school student in the United States,
wanted to find out:'
Chapter 2 Mika's Homestay in London 11
'"What do you want for your nineteenth birthday?' my
parents asked me. 'A ring; I replied. However, instead
of a ring, my parents gave me a one-month homestay
in London:'
Chapter 3 It's Not Always Black and White. 21
"You can find the names of colors in a lot of English
expressions. Many of these expressions, however, talk
about colors in very different ways."
Chapter 4 Helping Others 31
"On the last day, all of us stood inside a room we had
built in just a week, feeling a sense of fulfillment."
Chapter S Generation Z: Digital Natives 41
"Generation Z is connected to its music, videos, games,
and friends online all day, every daY:'
Chapter 6 How to Be a Successful Businessperson 51
"Here's a story about one succ�ssful businessperson.
He started out washing dishes, and today he owns
168 restaurants:'
Chapter 7 The Growth of Urban Farming 61
"The answer for more and more people is to grow their
own food-even if they live in crowded cities:'
 Chapter 8 Can You Live Forever? 71
"Eating apples may not be enough, but there's at least
one man who thinks that living forever is possible:'

Chapter 9 Baseball Fans Around the World 81

"While the rules of baseball are similar from country to
country, the behavior of baseball fans is very different:'

Chapter 10 Mobile Phones: Hang Up or l<eep Talking? 91

"More than two billion people use mobile phones today.
In many places it is more common to use a mobile
phone, or cell phone, than a landline:'

Chapter 11 Vanessa-Mae: A 21st Century Musician 101

"By the time she was twelve, Vanessa-Mae had played
with orchestras all over the world as a soloist:'

Chapter 12 A Day in the life of a Freshman 111

"I get up about seven oclock in the morning. Since my
friends and I have a group blind date tonight, I take
extra time to look my best."
Chapter 13 Love at First Sight 121
"It was love at first sight. It's always exciting to hear
those words. But do people really believe in love at
first sight?"

Chapter 14 Great Places to Visit 131

"Each month, National Geographic magazine asks one of
its editors: What are the best places to visit in your area
of the world?"

Culture and Language Notes 141

Maps 154
Mini-Dictionary 158

v
 www.irLanguage.com

Scope and Sequence

.. . ...
Chapter 1 The importance
Are You Getting Previewing Using collocations
of sleep
Enough Sleep?

Chapter 2 Studying in an
Learning
Mika's Homestay English-speaking Scanning for details
compound words
in London country

Chapter 3 English expressions

It's Not Always Skimming Understanding idioms
with color words
Black and White.

Chapter 4 Volunteering
Identifying the topic Using prefixes:
Helping Others and main idea un-, im-, in-, ir-

Chapter 5 Everyday use of Learning collocations

Finding supporting
Generation Z:
digital media details about technology
Digital Natives

Chapter6
How to Be Building a successful
Making inferences Learning word forms
a Successful business
Businessperson

Chapter 7 Growing food in Understanding the Understanding

The Growth of
large cities author's purpose word roots
Urban Farming
Chapter 8 Understanding Understanding suffixes:
Can You Live Trying to live forever
headings -al, -ic, -ist, -logy
Forever?

Chapter 9 The behavior of Grouping words

Baseball Fans Making predictions
baseball fans and phrases
Around the World

Chapter 10
Mobile Phones: Distinguishing facts Expressing certainty
Using mobile phones
Hang Up or Keep from opinions and uncertainty
Talking?

Chapter 11
Vanessa-Mae: Dealing with Understanding suffixes:
A young musician's life
A 21st Century unfamiliar words -able, -ous, -fut, -less
Musician

Chapter 12 A university Understanding

A Day in the life Using context clues
student's life phrasal verbs
of a Freshman

Chapter 13 Falling in love Summarizing

Choosing definitions in
Love at First Sight a learner's dictionary

Chapter 14 Travel destinations

Reading words Using context to
Great Places to Visit in groups recognize word forms

vii
 Series Overview irLanguage.com
with Teaching Suggestions
Select Readings, Second Edition is a reading course for students of English. In
Select Readings, Second Edition, high-interest, authentic reading passages serve
as springboards for reading skills development, vocabulary building, and thought­
provoking discussions and writing.
The readings represent a wide range of genres (newspaper and magazine
articles, personal essays, textbook chapters, book excerpts, and on-line discussions)
gathered from well-respected sources, such as The Wall Street Journal and National
Geographic, and approved by experienced teachers.

General Approach to Reading Instruction

The following principles have guided the development of Select Readings,
Second Edition:
• Exposing students to a variety of text types and genres helps them develop
more effective reading skills. Students learn to handle the richness and depth
of writing styles they will encounter as they read more widely in English.
• Readers become engaged with a selection when they are asked to respond
personally to its theme. While comprehension questions help students see if
they have understood the information in a reading, discussion questions ask
students to consider the issues raised by the passage.
• Readers sharpen their reading, vocabulary-building, and language skills
when skills work is tied directly to the content and language of each
reading passage. This book introduces students to reading skills such as
skimming and scanning and vocabulary-building strategies such as learning
synonyms and understanding phrasal verbs. Each skill was chosen in
consultation with teachers to ensure that the most applicable and appropriate
skills were selected for students at the Pre-Intermediate level.
• Good readers make good writers. Reading helps students develop writing
skills, while writing experience helps students become better readers.
• Background knowledge plays an important role in reading comprehension.
An important goal of Select Readings, Second Edition is to illustrate how
thinking in advance about the topic of a reading prepares readers to better
comprehend and interact with a text.

Chapter Overview
Each chapter in Select Readings, Second Edition includes the eight sections
described below.
1. Opening Page
The purpose of this page is to draw readers into the theme and content of the
chapter with relevant artwork and a compelling quotation.

viii
 Teaching Suggestions:
• Ask students to describe what they see in the photo(s) or artwork on the
page and guess what the chapter is about. Have them read the quotation,
restate it in their own words, and then say if they agree with it. Finally, ask
what connection there might be between the image and the quotation.
• Call students' attention to the Chapter Focus box. Give them a chance to
think about the content and skills they are about to study and to set their
own learning goals for the chapter.
2. Before You Read
The first activity in each Before You Read section is designed to get students to
connect personally to the topic of the chapter and to activate their background
knowledge of the topic. A second activity or question in this section asks
students to further explore their knowledge of the topic by completing a task
with a partner. The third activity asks students to complete a Previewing Chart,
which provides specific tasks for previewing a text. The purpose of this chart
is to encourage students to make a habit of using simple previewing strategies
before they read any text.
Teaching Suggestions:
• Make sure that students understand the purpose of the Before You Read
activities. Explain that activating prior knowledge will help them to better
comprehend the reading passage.
3. Reading Passage
In general, the readings become increasingly long and/or more complex as the
chapters progress. To help students successfully tackle each passage, we have
provided the following support tools:
Vocabulary glosses. Challenging words and expressions are glossed throughout
the readings. In most cases, we have glossed chunks of words instead of
individual vocabulary items. This approach helps students develop a better
sense of how important context is to understanding the meaning of new words.
Culture and Language Notes. On pages 141-153, students will find explanations
for cultural references and language usage that appear in blue type in the
readings. Notes are provided on a wide range of topics from scientific
information, to geographical references, to famous people.
Maps. Each location featured in a reading passage is clearly marked on one
of the maps found on pages 154-157.
Numbered lines. For easy reference, every fifth line of each reading passage
is numbered.
Recorded reading passages. Listening to someone reading a text aloud helps
language learners see how words are grouped in meaningful chunks, thus
aiding comprehension.

ix
 Teaching Suggestions:
• Encourage students to read actively. Circling words, writing questions in
the margins, and taking notes are three ways in which students can make
reading a more active and meaningful experience.
• Play the recorded version of the reading passage and ask students to listen
to how the reader groups words together. As they listen to the recording,
students can lightly underline or circle the groups of words.

4. After You Read: Understanding the Text

Following each reading, there are two to three post-reading activities that give
students the chance to (a) clarify their understanding of the text, (b) practice
reading skills previously introduced, and (c) discuss the issues raised in the
reading. The first activity in this section is designed to give students practice
with the types of comprehension questions used on exams such as TOEFL�.
TOEIC® , and IELTS ™ . Questions are also labeled to highlight the reading
skill required to answer the question.
Teaching Suggestions:
• Get students to discuss their reactions to the readings in pairs or groups. The
process of discussing questions and answers gives students an opportunity
to check their comprehension more critically.
• If time permits and you would like students to have additional writing
practice, ask them to write a short essay or a journal entry on one of the
questions in the Consider the Issues section.

5. Building Vocabulary
Reading extensively is an excellent way for students to increase their
vocabulary base. Considering this, we pay careful attention to developing
students' vocabulary-building skills in each chapter of Select Readings, Second
Edition. A variety of vocabulary-building skills are introduced and recycled
throughout the book. Each Building Vocabulary section starts out with a short
explanation and examples of the skill in focus. In the activities that follow the
explanation, students typically scan the reading to gather and analyze various
types of words and then use the words in a new context.
Teaching Suggestions:
• View the explanation and examples at the beginning of each Building Vocabulary
section before asking students to tackle the activities that follow. Encourage
them to ask any questions they have about the explanations or examples.
• Encourage students to keep a vocabulary notebook. Present various ways
in which students can organize the words in their notebook: by chapter, by
topic, by part of speech, etc.

x
6. Reading Skill
At the beginning of each Reading Skill section, students encounter a short
explanation of the skill in focus and, when appropriate, an example of how
that skill relates to the reading in the chapter. The first task following this
explanation asks students to return to the reading to think about and use the
new reading skill. The new Apply the Reading Skill sections then give students
the opportunity to apply the strategy to a new short reading that is related to the
topic of the main reading passage.
Teaching Suggestions:
• Review the explanations and sample sentences at the beginning of each
Reading Skills section before asking students to tackle the questions
that follow. Encourage them to ask any questions they have about the
explanations or examples.
• Reflect with students on the ways in which they can apply the reading skills
they have learned in each chapter to other reading passages. Then have them
apply the new reading skill as they work with the second reading passage in
this section.

7. Discussion and Writing

At the end of each chapter, students have an opportunity to talk and write
about a variety of issues. The activities in this section provide students with
a chance to broaden their views on the topic of the reading and to address
more global issues and concerns.
Teaching Suggestions:
• When time permits, let students discuss a question a second time with
a different partner or group. This allows them to apply what they learned
in their first discussion of the question.
• Choose one or more of the questions in this section as an essay topic
for students.

8. Words to Remember
Each chapter ends with a list of Words to Remember. A majority of these words
are Oxford 2000 keywords, and many are also highlighted on the Academic
Word List. This section provides an efficient means for students to keep track
of important new vocabulary by chapter. In addition, the new Mini-Dictionary
on pages 158-164 features carefully crafted definitions of each Word to
Remember from the new Oxford Basic American Dictionary for learners
of English, giving students an alphabetical reference of the words and their
definitions all in one place.

Additional Resources for Teachers of Reading

• Teaching Second Language Reading by Thom Hudson
• Techniques and Resources in Teaching Reading by Sandra Silberstein
• Reading by Catherine Wallace

xi
 Series Components
Testing Program CD-ROM with Student Book Answer l(ey
Students today are facing increased pressure to excel at standardized testing in
order to gain entrance to universities and secure competitive jobs. Select Readings,
Second Edition offers an exciting new Testing Program CD-ROM, including tests
modelled after the IELTS ™ , TOEFL ®, and TOEIC® standardized tests, as well as
general achievement and unit tests. The reading tests included on the new Testing
Program CD-ROM with Student Book Answer Key were written and approved
by testing experts to ensure a close connection to the widely-used standardized
tests above. Each test features a reading passage followed by questions designed
to measure comprehension as well as reading- and vocabulary-skill proficiency.
All unit tests feature new and different reading passages to test the skills learned
in that unit.

Class Audio CDs

Select Readings, Second Edition offers Class Audio CDs featuring carefully
recorded audio of all main reading passages in each level of the series. Giving
students the opportunity to listen to a fluent English speaker as they follow along
in the text significantly aids comprehension and supports listening and speaking
skill development. This is particularly useful for aural learners, who absorb
information best through hearing it presented. Each Class Audio CD features
a variety of accents to expose students to the many sounds of English around
the world today.
Audio Download Center

AUDIO Teacher-approved readings for today's students

DOWNLOAD
(ENTER
The Select Readings Audio
Download Center allows you
to access and download audio
files for each main reading
passage In the Student Book.

Elementary lntetm<!d'wl� UppeHnterme<llate

oc.o-. ..... _, __ _,, ...... ,...,.....__ www.irLanguage.com

Every main reading from the series is available for download through the
Select Readings, Second Edition Audio Download Center. Students and teachers
can visit www.oup.com/elt/selectreadings2e for access to the downloadable mp3s
for any time, anywhere practice and self-study.
*TOEIC" and TOEFL" are registered t.rademirkS QfEducational Testing Service (ETS).
This publication is not endorsed or approved by ETS.

xii
Are You Getting
Enough Sleep?

CONTENT
The importance of sleep

READING SKILL
Previewing

BUILDING VOCABULARY
Using collocations
 Before You Read
A. Connect with the topic. Check (w") your answers to these questions
about sleep.
1. How many hours a night do you D fewer than 6 hours
usually sleep? D between 6 and 8 hours
D more than 8 hours
2. How do you feel when you wake D great
up in the morning? D okay
D terrible
3. How often do you feel sleepy D often
during the day? D sometimes
D almost never

B. Pair work. Compare answers to Activity A with a partner. Do you have

the same sleep habits?
Example
A: I usually sleep fewer than eight hours a night.
B: Me too!
A: I want to sleep more, but I'm too busy.

C. Preview the reading. Move your eyes quickly over the reading on
pages 3-4. Look at the reading for only 1-2 minutes. Then complete
the Previewing Chart below.

Previewing Chart

1. Title of the reading: ___________________

2. Names of people and places in 3. l<ey words. (What words appear
the reading. (List 2 more.) several times? List 2 more.)
/Zqndy Crardner sleep
'

4. I think this reading is probably about

2 Chapter 1 I Are You Getting Enough Sleep?

 AUDI@
www.irLanguage.com DOWNLOAD

Are You Getting Enough Sleep?

What happens if you don't get enough sleep? Randy Gardner, a high
school student in the United States, wanted to find out. He designed an
experiment 1 on the effects of sleeplessness2 for a school science project.
With Dr. William C. Dement from Stanford University and two friends
s watching him carefully, Gardner stayed awake for 264 hours and
12 minutes. That's eleven days and nights without sleep!
What effect did sleeplessness have on Gardner?
After 24 hours without sleep, Gardner started having
trouble reading and watching television. The words
10 and pictures were too blurry. By the third day, he was
having trouble doing things with his hands. By the
fourth day, Gardner was hallucinating. For example,
when he saw a street sign, he thought it was a person.
He also imagined he was a famous football player.
15 Over the next few days, Gardner's speech3 became so
slurred that people couldn't understand him. He also
had trouble remembering things. By the eleventh day,
Gardner couldn't pass a counting test. 4 In the middle
of the test he simply stopped counting. He couldn't
20 remember what he was doing.

When Gardner finally went to bed, he slept for 14 hours and

45 minutes. The second night he slept for twelve hours, the third night
he slept for ten and one-half hours, and by the fourth night, he had
returned to his normal sleep schedule.
25 Even though Gardner recovered quickly, scientists believe that
going without sleep can be dangerous. They say that people should not
repeat Randy's experiment. Tests on white rats have shown how serious
sleeplessness can be. After a few weeks without sleep, the rats started Culture and
losing fur. 5 And even though the rats ate more food than usual, they lost Language Notes
30 weight. Eventually,6 the rats died. page 141

1 experiment a scientific test

2 effects of sleeplessness things that happen when you don't get enough sleep
3 speech way of talking
4 a counting test a test of saying numbers in order: l, 2, 3, 4, etc.
5 fur hair on an animal's body
6 eventually after some time

3
 Has anyone stayed awake longer than Randy Gardner? Yes! According
to The Guinness Book of World Records, Maureen Weston from the
United Kingdom holds the record for staying awake the longest. She went
449 hours without sleep in 1977. That's 18 days and 17 hours!
35 During your lifetime, you will likely spend 25 years or more sleeping.
But why? What is the purpose of sleep? Surprisingly, scientists don't know
for sure.7 Scientists used to think we "turned our brains off" when we
went to sleep. Sleep researchers now know, however, that our brains
are very active when we sleep. Some scientists think we sleep in order
40 to replenish8 brain cells. Other scientists think that sleep helps the body
to grow and relieve stress. 9 Whatever the reason, we know that it is
important to get enough sleep.
Word Count: 510 Reading Time: ____ Words per Minute: ____
(Minutes) (Word Count/Reading Time)

About Sleep
Each night, we pass through 1 0 five stages, or periods, of sleep. In Stage 1, we fall
asleep. We sleep lightly in Stage 2. We have deep, or sound, sleep in Stages 3 and 4.
Stage 5-REM {Rapid Eye Movement) sleep-is the most interesting stage. This is
the time when we dream. These stages last about one and one-half hours. After
each REM stage, we return to Stage 2 (light sleep) and begin the cycle again.

STAGE 1: Falling asleep. STAGE 2: Light sleep.

at
STAGES 3 AND 4: Deep, slow-wave sleep. REM: Dreaming stage.

60min 90min irLanguage.com

7 for sUie definitely

8 replenish build new; renew
9 relieve stress remove or get rid of tense feelings
IO pass through experience

4 Chapter 1 I Are You Getting Enough Sleep?

After You Read irLanguage.com
Understanding the Text
A. Comprehension: Scanning for Details
Read each statement below and check ( .!) True or False.
True False
1. Randy Gardner was a university student when he did D D
his experiment.
2. During the experiment, Gardner slept for several D D
hours every night.
3. During the experiment, Gardner had trouble speaking D 0
clearly.
4. It took two weeks for Gardner to recover from the D D
experiment.
5. Going without sleep is not dangerous for white rats. 0 D
6. Maureen Weston stayed awake a little over seven and 0 0
one-half days longer than Gardner.
7. The author does not tell us how Gardner stayed awake D 0
for eleven days.
8. According to this article, scientists are not sure why D 0
we need to sleep.

B. Vocabulary
Underline these words in the reading passage on pages 3-4. Then match each
word with its definition to the right.
1. _ blurry a. seeing things that aren't really there
2. _ eventually b. not sounding clear
3. _ experiment c. test done to prove something
4. _ hallucinating d. talking
5. slurred e. not looking clear
6. _speech f. after a long time

5
 C. Consider the Issues
Work with a partner to answer the questions below.
1. What are the effects of sleeplessness? List three more ideas from the reading
passage.

• You might have trouble seeing clearly.

• You might ________________________

2. Think of three more possible effects of sleeplessness. Complete the

sentences below.
a. You could ________________________
b. You might _______________________

Compare ideas with a partner.

Example
A: You might have trouble driving a car.
B: That's right. And you could have trouble ...

3. What is your opinion of Gardner's experiment? Check (.f) one or more

statements or write your own.
D I think it was a dangerous experiment.
D I think it was an interesting experiment.
D I don't think the experiment was very scientific.
D ----------------------------
Share your opinion with your partner.
Example
I think Randy Gardner's experiment was interesting because I learned a lot
about the importance of sleep.

6 Chapter 1 I Are You Getting Enough Sleep?

Building Vocabulary
Using Collocations irLanguage.com
A collocation is a set-or chunk-of two or more words that are often used
togeth er. For example, it's natural for native speakers to say sleep schedule,
but not sleep timetable or sleep program. Remembering collocations as
ch unks of words (sleep+ schedule) makes it easy for you to recall and
use th em correctly.
We form collocations by combining different parts of speech . Below are
some examples of collocations that include sleep:

Expressions
go without sleep
�--�sleep
Verb + Adverb
soundly
���
Noun+ Noun
sleep sch edule
get enough sleep I sleep well
go I get to sleep
fall asleep

A. Use th e words in th e box below to form collocations and complete th e

sentences.

I enough��fa_ 1 ��
_1 sch_ ed_ u_ _ 1 e soundly to with out
- _

1. W h at time do you usually go ____ sleep?

2. What time did you go sleep last night?
3. How long does it take you to asleep?
4. How long can you go ____ sleep?
5. Do you usually get ____ sleep on weeknights?
6. Do you sleep ____ every nigh t?
7. Do you h ave a regular or irregular sleep ?
8. Do you h ave the same sleep every day?

B. Pair work. Ask a partner th e questions in Activity A.

Example
A: W h at time do you usually go to sleep?
B: I usually go to sleep at 10:30.

7
 Reading Sl<ill
Previewing
Pre means before. View means to look at. Before you read something, it's
important to look it over, or preview it. This will help you understand the
reading better. When you preview a reading, you:
I) Identify the topic. To do this:
• read the title.
• look quickly over the reading for the names of people and places.
• look quickly for key words (words that appear several times).
• look at any pictures or charts.

_2) Think about what you already know about the topic.
3) Ask yourself questions about the topic.

A. Analyze the Reading

Look at the title, the names of people, and the key words in the paragraph
below. Then answer the questions.
REM (Rapid Eye Movement) Sleep

researchers.
.......,.....__.., brains - Adults
REM sleep. Babies,
sleep-REM.-researchers-REM sleep.
babies' brains
l. What do you know about the topic of the paragraph? Add one more idea to
the list.
• It gives information about sleep.
• It probably gives some scientific information.
• It may compare sleep in adults and babies.

2. What would you like to learn about this topic? Add two questions to the list.
• What is REM sleep?
• Is REM sleep necessary?
• ��������������������������-?
. ��������������������������-(

8 Chapter 1 I Are You Getting Enough Sleep?

B. Apply the Reading Skill
Follow these instructions to preview the reading below.
I. Look only at the title of the reading. What do you think the topic of the
reading might be? List one more possibility.
• sleep problems around the world
• why people don't sleep

2. Look quickly over the reading. What names of people and places do you see?
List two more.
• adults • Hong Kongers ·-----
• Portuguese • Koreans ·-----

3. What words are repeated several times (key words)? List two more.
• world ·-----
• sleep ·-----

4. What do you think the topic of the reading is now? Complete the sentence.
I think this reading is probably about

5. What would you like to learn about this topic? Write two questions.
(

Sleepless Around the World Top 10 Night-Owl Places in the World

According to a survey conducted by Sleep Sleep Total after
ACNielsen, 3 7% of adults around the Location between after midnight
world don't get to bed until after midnight. 12-1 a.m. 1 a.m.
The biggest night-owls in the world are the 1. Portugal 47% 28% 75%
Portuguese, with 75% not getting to bed 2. Taiwan 34% 35% 69%
until after midnight. The second-ranked 3. Korea 43% 25% 68%
night-owls are the Taiwanese, with 69%
4. Hong Kong 35% 31% 66%
going to bed after midnight. Following
5. Spain 45% 20% 65%
closely behind are the Koreans (68%) and
Hong Kongers (66%). 6. Japan 34% 26% 60%

Of the top ten night-owl places in the 7. Singapore 27% 27% 54%
world, seven are in Asia. The other three 8. Malaysia 40% 14% 54%
are European countries known for late 9. Thailand 24% 19% 43%
nights and mid-day siestas. 10. Italy 29% 10% 39%

9
 Discussion & Writing
1. Complete the chart with your own answers.

Whal "!i!l�t h�f'pe',, if

Activities I Why do we do thlsl l we do this too much I
too little?

eat food

I
- -
drink water

watch TV

exercise

use a computer

2. Di�cuss your answers with a partner. Then choose one of the topics and
wnte a paragraph explaining your opinion.
Example

What are the effects of using a computer too much?

Computers help us do many things, but they can be bad f or yo u, too . If you
use the computer for a long time without a break, your eyes may begin to hurt.
You might also get a headache. Computers are good for chatting with friends or
sending e-mail. Ho wever, if you only talk with your friends on the computer, you
can't do fun things with them. Make sure you have en ough time with your friends
away from the computer, too.

Words to Remember
Mini-Dictionary NOUNS : VERBS ADJECTIVES
I
page 158 brain ! find out blurry
effects (of) \ have (trouble) dangerous
experiment 1 nap normal
purpose 1 spend (time) sleepy
researcher j stay (awake)
sleep
stress

10 Chapter 1 I Are You Getting Enough Sleep?

COHTEHT
Studying in an English-
speaking country
READ�SKfU
Scanning for details
 Before You Read
A. Connect with the topic. Imagine you are going to study in another
country. Check (v") and write your answers to the questions below.
1. Have you ever studied in another D Yes, I have.
country? D No, I haven't.
2. Would you like to study abroad? D Yes, I would.
D No, I wouldn't.
3. What foreign country would you
prefer to study in? Why?

B. Pair work. Take turns asking and answering the questions above.
Example
A: Have you ever studied in another country?
B: No, I haven't. What about you?
A: Yes, I have. I studied in Canada.

C. Preview the reading. Move your eyes quickly over the reading on
pages 13-14. Look at the reading for only 1-2 minutes. Then complete
the Previewing Chart below.

Previewing Chart www.irLanguage.com

1. Title of the reading: ___________________
2. Names of people and places in 3. Key words. (What words appear
the reading. (List 2 more.) several times? List 2 more.)
London oarents
•

� I think this reading is probably about

12 Chapter 2 Mika's Homestay in London

 AUDI@
DOWNLOAD

Mika' s Homestay 1 in London

by Mika Tanaka

Mika Tanaka, a college student from Japan, had a wonderful homestay

in Lo11don. She lived with a British family and studied English for a month.
"What do you want for your 19th birthday?" my parents asked me.
"A ring:' I replied. However, instead of a ring, my parents gave me a one­
s month homestay in London.
Maps
On February 11, I left Japan. On the plane, I worried about being all pages 154. 155
alone 2 there-a stranger to London. But when I met the Flannery family
(my host family), their warm welcome3 made me feel at ease. Both my Culture and
host father and mother were very kind and treated me like their own Language Notes
10 daughter.4 page 142

e�
n5
�
irLanguage.com

I homestay period during which a visitor in a foreign country lives with a local family
2 all alone by myself; without someone r know
3 warm welcome friendly greeting
4 treated me like their own daughter were kind and ood to me, like l was their own dau hter
g g

13
 Getting Ready to Go
Before going to London, I did some research on English schools
in London and chose Oxford House College, mainly because it had
reasonable fees. Also, there weren't many Japanese students at Oxford
15 House.
I took my parents' advice and requested that my homestay family have
both a mother and a father, be native-born, non-smoking, middle-class
British people, and live near a subway station. I later found that this was
very good advice, since some of my friends at the English school were
20 having problems with their host families.
Living in London
Potatoes! It took me a little time to get used to the many kinds of
potato dishes served: fried potatoes, steamed potatoes, sliced potatoes,
and different-colored potatoes. My host mother was a good cook. She
30 made delicious pasta and chicken dishes and even cooked rice for me.
Nadiege, a French girl, was another homestay student living with us,
and we went around London together. On Saturdays, my host family
would have a party at home with friends or family. When we returned
from touring London, Nadiege and I would join the party. On Saturday
35 evenings, Mr. and Mrs. Flannery would go to their favorite pub 5 to spend
time together.
Although I selected a school with few Japanese students, there were still
at least two in each class. In class, I tried to speak a lot, but many Japanese
students didn't use their English very much (even if they had large
40 vocabularies), and spoke only Japanese with their friends.

Sometimes, I asked other people their impressions of Japan. "Japanese

people work too hard;' said my French friend. My teacher thought that
Japanese people were very rich. I did not agree with these points, 6 but I
was interested in knowing what foreign people thought. One month
45 in London made me realize that speaking English was very important
because it is the language that people from many countries use the
most. I would like to be more open-minded about people from different
countries, like my host family is.
Word Count: 449 : Reading Time: ___ Words per Minute: ___
j (Minutes) (Word Count/Reading Time)

5 pub place where people drink and sometimes eat, especially in Britain
6 points ideas

14 Chapter 2 I Milw's Homestay in London

After You Read
Understanding the Text
A. Comprehension: Scanning for Details
Read the statements and check(./) True or False.
True False
I. For her 19th birthday, Mika asked for a homestay D D
in London.
2. Mika went to England alone. D D
3. Mika lived with a host family for two months. D D
4. Mika decided to study at Oxford House College D D
because it wasn't expensive.
5. Mika did things in London with the Flannerys' D D
youngest daughter.
6. Mika's teacher thought all Japanese people were rich. D D

B. Vocabulary
What is the meaning of each highlighted word in the passage? Circle your
answers below.
Before going to London, I did some research on English schools
in London and chose Oxford House College, mainly because it had
reasona6l e fees ...
I took my parents' advice and e ueste<I that my homestay family have
both a mother and a father, be ative- or non-smoking, i e-c ass :a
British people, and live near a subway station. I later oun that this was
very good advice, since some of my friends at the English school were
having problems with their host families.

I. The word "reasonable" in the passage is closest in meaning to

(expensive I not expensive).
2. The word "requested" in the passage is closest in meaning to
(asked for I refused).
3. The word "native-born" in the passage is closest in meaning to
(born in Britain I born outside Britain).
4. The word "middle-class" in the passage is closest in meaning to
(over 50 years old I not rich or poor).
5. The word "found" in the passage is closest in meaning to
(heard I realized).

15
 C. Consider the Issues
Work with a partner to answer the questions below.
1. Do you think Mika Tanaka would agree or disagree with the opinions
below? Check(./) Agree or Disagree under «Mika:'

a. You should do some research

before you travel abroad.
b. It's good to live with a host family.
c. Traveling abroad is a good way to
learn English.

Do you agree with Mika's opinions? Check(./) Agree or Disagree

under "Me:'

2. Mika made several important decisions before she went to London. For
each decision, list an advantage and a disadvantage.
Example
Mika's decision: She decided to live with a family that had both a mother
and father.
Advantage: She would experience living with at least two British people.
Disadvanta ge: She would not experience a family setting different from
her own in Japan.

a. Mika's decision: She decided to go to a school with few Japanese students.

Advantage=�-----------------------
Disadvantage: _______________________

b. Mika's decision: She decided to go to London alone.

Advantage=�----------------------­
Disadvantage: -----------------------

c. Mika's decision: She decided to live with native-born British people.

Advantage=�----------------------­
Disadvantage=�----------------------

16 Chapter 2 I Mil<a's Homestay in London

Building Vocabulary
Learning Compound Words
Sometimes in English, two or three words are joined together to make a
new word. These compound words are usually nouns or adjectives. Some
are written as one word. Some are written with a hyphen (-) between
them. Some are written as two separate words.

11
Compound words Compound words Compound words
as one word with a hyphen as two words
'--�����������--�-4
birthday / open-minded host family
homestay I native-born high school

A. Complete the sentences with these compound words.

keyboard airport sister-in-law 19-year-old post office

1. My host father took me to the so I could buy some stamps

and send postcards to my friends back home.
2. My brother and are hosting two students from Thailand in
their home this summer.
3. When I did my homestay in France, I had a hard time using the
computer . Some of the letters are in different places than on
my American one.
4. When I arrived in Osaka for my homestay, my host family was at the
----- to welcome me.
5. Paulo was happy because his host family had a _____ son,
like him.

B. Write sentences about yourself using the compound words below.

I. (birthday)

2. (open-minded)

3. (high school)

4. (choose your own)

17
 www.irLanguage.com

Reading Sl<ill
Scanning for Details
When you need to find specific information in a text, like the name of a
person or a place, or a keyword that is important to the story, you don't
have to read every word. Instead, you can move your eyes quickly over the
text to find the information. This is. called scanning.

A. Analyze the Reading

Look at the questions below. Then scan (don't read) the passage and find
the answers.
1. What date did Mika leave for her homestay?

2. What was the name of Milds homestay family?

3. What was the name of the other student who lived with Mika's host family?

4. Where did Mika study?

5. How many other Japanese students were in Mika's classes?

On February 11, I left Japan. On the plane, I worried about being all alone
there-a stranger to London. But when I met the Flannery family (my host
family), their warm welcome made me feel at ease ...
Before going to London, I did some research on English schools in London
and chose Oxford House College, mainly because it had reasonable fees. Also,
there weren't many Japanese students at Oxford House ...
Nadiege, a French girl, was another homestay student living with us, and
we went around London together. On Saturdays, my host family would have
a party at home with frie.nds or family. When we returned from touring
London, Nadiege and I would join the party. On Saturday evenings, Mr. and
Mrs. Flannery would go to their favorite pub to spend time together.
Although I selected a school with few Japanese students, there were
still at least two in each class. In class, I tried to speak a lot, but many
Japanese students didn't use their English very much (even if they had large
vocabularies), and spoke only Japanese with their friends.

18 Chapter 2 I Mika's Homestay in London

B. Apply the Reading Skill
Look at the topicsbelow. Scan the passage and fill in information for each
topic. If there isno information about a topic, write no information.

Last summer, I went to France for a two­

month homestay. I left Boston and arrived in
Paris on June 15. I met my host family at the
airport. My host parents were Marc and
Gabrielle Lapierre. They also had a daughter,
Sophie, who was 14 years old.
The Lapierres lived in an apartment in Paris. It was very close to a subway station , so it was
easy for me to travel around the city. I visited all the famous sites in Paris. I study art history, so
the museums were my favorite places. Every evening I practiced speaking French with my host
family, and I also helped Sophie practice her English.
The food in Paris was amazing. I tried a lot of different dishes, but the crepes were my favorite.
You can buy crepes almost anywhere in the city. My favorite ones had tomatoes and cheese
inside, or chocolate. Gabrielle taught me how to make crepes, and now I make them at home.
I was sad when I left Paris on August 12, but I'll never forget my wonderful time there. Marc
and Gabrielle told me that they want to send Sophie for a homestay with my family and me in a
few years. I can't wait!

I.Dates__________________________ ff>��
2. Cities__________________________ �
irLanguage.co,n
3. Countries_________________________
4. People _________________________�
5.Schools________________________�
6.Languages_______________________�
7. Food _________ ________________�
8.Sports_�����������������������

19
 Discussion & Writing
1. If you went on a homestay, what would your ideal host parents be like?
Check ( .I') your answers below.Then add two more ideas.

D be native-born D have children my age

D be rich D be non-smokers
D be good cooks D like to have parties
D be able to speak my language D treat me like their son or daughter
D not be able to speak my language D������������
D live in a big home D������������

2. Write 4-5 sentences about your ideal host parents. Then read your
sentences to a classmate.
Example
My ideal host parents would be friendly.They would also live near a subway
station and have a daughter my age.They would ...

3. Pair work. What are some good reasons for studying abroad? Think of
a way to complete each sentence below.Then compare your ideas with
another pair's ideas.
Example
It's a good idea to study abroad because you can learn to cook different
kinds of food.
Ifs a good idea to study abroad because...
you can learn to����������������������
you can learn about���������������������
you can meet�����������������������
you can try������������������������

Words to Remember
Mini-Dictionary NOUNS VERBS ADJECTIVES
page 158 I advice do (research) alone
impression find delicious
(get) used (to) native
realize reasonable
request
select
treat (someone like}
worry (about)

20 Chapter 2 I fvlika's Homestay in London