Lecture 3

LECTURE -3-
Reproductive challenges and choices:

Prenatal diagnostic test: golden age for having baby 20s (22 23 24 25) 35 is hard
During pregnancy ultrasound sonography no risk common one info is not really detailed and
genetic risk don’t see
Brain imaging techniques: if any malformations, radiation to baby
Chririnc villus sampling it is about 10 12 week of pregnancy if there is any genetic effect
after 45 baby
Smnicoencetisi liqıd from mother
Maternal blood screening spina bifida or down syndorm
Nıpd
Detal sex determination
Looking baby helat also risk for babyu health.
Infertility and reproductive technologu:
After a year they colud’t have
1: In vitro fertilization: put mother wombs coomn method egg and sperm are combined
in laboratyr, chance not so high exxpeicla 35 45 age menıpose age is not caheging ,
mothers age is very important.
Adoption: culturual values a lot, singlelsan tü rkiyede çok şansın yok also our religion
effect , better than foster care early age more likleu have positive outcomes.
When we say truth we havte wait for child ro understand cognitive development school
age years no postponed adolesect say until adolescent!!
Heredity-enviroment interaction: the nature nurture debate:
Behavior genetics:expression of our gene envşrometinteracitn:
Behaivor genetic:
Twin study:natural experiment best oppurtimy to see is treait heritable or not. They
are duplicate for each other genes.
Adoption study:biological parent or adaptive parent what is resemble
Gene en.vromnet correlation:
passive genotype correlaitons: biological paseed gened chikd and create environment a
parents who lşke to read then create that environment compatible to child and genes
evocative genotype influence the ourtcome child genetilc influenc
chşld who aggressive and no innatecr with friends , so shy of course the may
inntreacted with tehrir friend. So beatşful and social go out and
active genotype enivroment correlations: adventaruea person I have genes stared
college seek for club and compatible with my gene. Genes influend the outcome,
environment innfulec outvcome and their corellaitons influecd outcome.
Shaerd and non-shaerd environmental experinecex:
Shared: ex: family our sibling
Non shared: outside the family, scools peers,
Gene envirpoemnt interaction: criminal sometime some child have risk crimilyt study
show having genes related with cirmnaly not create child criminal reques environment,
hostile then the cild becoke criminai, cild has gene then adopted someno else peaculff
no become criminal at all gene and inyteraction. To expreesin to gene we need
environment.
For phenotype
Gene
Environment saherd and non shared
Gene enivormen interaction paasive active ectotovie
Genlerin boyunu belirol ya 10 ya 20 sınırın genle ve o çevreyle değ şienilie 10 vw 20

arasında.
Environment gene and individual(correlation gene anviroment)
CHAPTER 3 :
Perantal development fastes development in our life. Begiging the fates.
Begin with feritilizaiton end with birth three perios:
Germinal
Embryonic
Fatal
Germinal period: first 2 week after conception
Creation zygot, be divided 2 4 8 going on like that , attachment of the zygote uterine
wall.inner layer of ceel basltocys whole body
Ourlayrer thrphblost environment and factors
No idea zygote or not
Embryonşc period: farkında deilsin sigara ve alkol kullanıyosan sıkıntı suan. 2 to 8
weeks after conception 2 mounths like not fetus anymore embryo.
Endoderm imnner
Mesoderm middle
Ectoderms outer layer.
Fetal period: longest period 7 months .8 pounds and 20 inches ortalama America
Tirmesters: three peridos:
 Fistr rrimest first three mounhst: back of the shape called zygote
 2 aylıkkkne eller ayajar oynamaya başlar embrioy 8 haftalık
 3 aylık baya oynatıyolar ididfen their genitels can smile they are fetus. Abrotin ?
secodntriems : 16 weeks heartbeat

2
3triems premature at 28 weeks 3 ay ö nce listen music at 32 weeks
At 36 38 kess active why they are bigger and place is so small harest time for mother
Brain development: 20 100 billion neurons born with certain neurons
Autism father age
QUİZ 3
Which of the following maternal diseases carries the risk of

delivering very large infants, weighing 10 pounds or more?
a.
Gestational diabetes
b.
Genital herpes
c.
Syphilis
d.
AIDS
By the end of the _____, contractions dilate the cervix to an opening of
about 10 centimeters (four inches), so that the baby can move from
the uterus to the birth canal.
a.
first birth stage
b.
second trimester
c.
second birth stage
d.
third trimester
Which maternal age group has been linked to adverse perinatal

outcomes including spontaneous abortion, preterm birth, stillbirth,
and fetal growth restriction?
a.
Between 35 and 39 years
b.
Between 18 and 25 years
c.
Forty years and older
d.
Eighteen years or younger
Alicia is pregnant and is a heavy smoker. Which of the following risks

does her baby face?
a.
Cognitive defects
b.
Sudden infant death syndrome
c.
Tremors and increased general irritability
d.
Facial and limb deformities
The fetus that Calista is carrying has reached the age of viability,
meaning that it has a chance of surviving outside of the womb.
Therefore, it can be inferred that Calista is _____ weeks pregnant.
a.
4 to 8
b.
24 to 25
c.
16 to 18
d.
10 to 12
A teratogen is any agent that can cause:
a.
fetal movement.
b.
birth defects.
c.
maternal back pain.
d.
organogenesis.
Zia is pregnant and has a disease that, if untreated, may result in eye
and skin lesions in her baby. Which of the following diseases is Zia
most likely to have?
a.
Syphilis
b.
Rubella
c.
Hepatitis C
d.
Genital warts
Five weeks after conception, the developing organism is called a/an:
a.
fetus.
b.
blastocyst.
c.
zygote.
d.
embryo.
Which of the following techniques is used to overcome the threat of

problems related to the breech position during delivery?
a.
Acupuncture
b.
Massage therapy
c.
Music therapy
d.
Cesarean section
________ occurs when a single sperm cell from the male unites with an
ovum (egg) in the female's fallopian tube in a process called
fertilization.
a.
Ovulation
b.
Mitosis
c.
Conception
d.
Meiosis

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LECTURE -3-

Reproductive challenges and choices:

Genlerin boyunu belirol ya 10 ya 20 sınırın genle ve o çevreyle değ şienilie 10 vw 20

secodntriems : 16 weeks heartbeat

Which of the following maternal diseases carries the risk of

Which maternal age group has been linked to adverse perinatal

Alicia is pregnant and is a heavy smoker. Which of the following risks

A teratogen is any agent that can cause:

Five weeks after conception, the developing organism is called a/an:

Which of the following techniques is used to overcome the threat of

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