Edurev: Case Studies - (Chapter - 9) Financial Management, BST Class 12
Edurev: Case Studies - (Chapter - 9) Financial Management, BST Class 12
Edurev: Case Studies - (Chapter - 9) Financial Management, BST Class 12
Ans.
1. Investment decision has been taken by Arun. Investment decision seeks to determine as
to how the firm’s funds are invested in different assets. It helps to evaluate new
investment proposals and select the best option on the basis of associated risk and
return. Investment decision can be long term or short-term. A long-term investment
decision is also called a Capital Budgeting decision
2. The three factors mentioned in the paragraph which are likely to reduce the working
capital requirements of his business are as follows:
1. Available of raw material:
2. Production cycle:
3. Credit availed:
1. As a financial manager of the company, which source of finance will you opt
for debt or equity, to raise the required amount of capital? Explain by giving
any two suitable reasons in support of your answer.
2. Why are the shareholder’s of the company like to gain from the issue of debt
by the company?
Ans.
1. As a financial manager of the company, I will opt for debt to raise the required amount of
capital.
2. The shareholders of the company are likely to gain from the issue of debt by the company
because the return on investment is higher. It helps a company to take advantage of trading
on equity to increase the earnings per share.
1. Give any three reasons because of which you think Computer Tech Ltd. has
been paying dividends at high rate to its shareholders over the past five
years.
2. Comment upon the likely dividend policy of the company this years by
stating any two reasons in support of your answer.
Ans.
1. Computer Tech Ltd. has been paying dividends at high rate to its shareholders over the
past five years because of the following reasons:
Earnings:
Cash flow position:
Access to capital market:
2. This year the company is likely to follow a conservative dividend policy because of the
following reasons:
3. The cash flow position of the company is not god and dividends are paid in cash.
4. The company may like to retain profits to finance its expansion projects. Retained
profits do not involve any explicit cost and are considered to be the cheapest source of
finance.
Q. 4. Bhuvn inherited a very large area of agricultural land in Haryana after the
death of his grandfather. He plans to sell this piece of land and use the money to
set up a small scale paper factory to manufacture all kinds of stationary items
from recycled paper. Being an amateur in business, he decides to consult his
friend Subhash who works in a financial consultancy firm. Subhash helps him to
prepare a blue print of his future business operations on the basis of sales
forecast in next five years. Based on these estimates, he helps Bhuvan to assess
the fixed and working capital requirements of business.
Ans.
1. Financial planning is the type of financial service that Subhash has offered to Bhuvan.
2. The four points highlighting the importance of financial planning are as follows:
1. Identify and explain the type of risk which increases with the higher use of
debt.
2. Explain briefly any four factors because of which you think the company has
decided to opt for equity capital.
Ans.
1. Financial risk of the company increases with the higher use of debt. This is because
issue of debt involves fixed commitment in terms of payment of interest and repayment
of capital. Financial risk refers to a situation when a company is unable to meet its fixed
financial charges.
2. The factors because of which the company has decided to opt for equity capital are as
follows:
Q. 6. Wooden Peripheral Pvt. Ltd. is counted among the top furniture companies
in Delhi. It is known for offering innovative designs and high quality furniture at
affordable prices. The company deals in a wide product range of home and office
furniture through its eight showrooms in Delhi. The company is now planning to
open five new showrooms each in Mumbai and Bangalore. In Bangalore it
intends to take the space for the showrooms on lease whereas for opening
showrooms in Mumbai, it has collaborated with a popular home furnishing
brand, ‘Creations.’
1. Identify the factors mentioned in the paragraph which are likely to affect the
fixed capital requirements of the business for opening new showrooms both
in Bangalore and Mumbai separately.
2. “With an increase in the investment in fixed assets, there is a commensurate
increase in the working capital requirement.” Explain the statement with
reference to the case above.
Ans.
1. The fixed capital requirements of Wooden Peripheral Pvt. Ltd. for opening new showrooms
in Bangalore will be relatively less as its taking space on lease, so only rentals have to be paid.
Similarly, its fixed capital requirement for opening showrooms in Mumbai will be reduced as
its going to share the costs with another company through collaboration.
2. It’s true that, “ With an increase in the investment in fixed assets, there is a commensurate
increase in the working capital requirements,” Like in the above case, Wooden Peripheral
Pvt. Ltd. is planning to investment in new showrooms. Consequently, its requirement of
working capital will increase s it will need more money to stock goods, pay electricity bills and
salaries to staff. Also, it intends to take the space for the showrooms I Mumbai on lease so it
will have to pay rentals.
Ans.
1. Financial planning will help the company in avoiding business shocks and surprises. It
will reduce waste and duplication of efforts.
2. Capital structure refers to the mix between owners funds and borrowed funds. It is
calculated as debt equity ratio
i.e., Debit.
Equity
Debt = Debentures + Long tgerm loans from banks = 300 + 200 = Rs. 500 crore.
300
1. Financing decision
2. Since the company have growth opportunities of setting up a new steel plant at Gurgaon,
it retains Rs. 100 crore out of profits to finance the required investment. So, it is likely
to pay less dividend. However, since the company makes more debt financing than
funding through equity, it implies that cash flow position of the company is strong.
Therefore, it can pay higher dividend.
Q. 8. Cost of debt is less than cost of equity. Still a company cannot go with entire
debt. Why? (3 marks)
Ans. Because debt is more risky for a business, since payment of interest and return principal
amount is compulsory for the business. Any default in meeting these commitments may force
the business to go into liquidation. That is, increased use of debt increases financial risk of a
business (the chance that a firm would fail to pay interest on debt and the principal
amount).
Q. 9. Amar is doing his transport business in Delhi. His buses are generally used
for the tourists going to Jaipur and Agra. Identify the working capital
requirement of Amar giving reason in support of your answer. Further Amar
wants to expand and diversify his Transport business. Enumerate any four
factors that will affect his fixed capital requirements. (3Marks)
1. Scale of operations
2. Financing alternatives
3. Growth prospects
4. Diversification
Ans. Higher use of debt increases the fixed financial charges of a business because payment
of interest and return of principal amount is compulsory. Any default in meeting these
commitments may force the business to go into liquidation. As a result, increased use of debt
increases the financial risk of a business. Financial risk is the chance that a firm would fail to
meet its payment obligations.
1. Cost
2. Cash flow position
3. Control
4. Return on investment (ROI)
Q. 13. Amit is running an ‘Advertising agency’ and earning a lot by providing this
service to big industries. State whether the working capital requirement of the
firm will be ‘less’ or ‘more’. Give reason in support of your answer. ( 1 Mark)
Ans. Less working capital is required as service industries which usually do not have to
maintain inventory require less working capital.
Q. 14. Tata International Ltd. earned a net profit of Rs. 50 crores. Ankit the
finance manager of Tata International Ltd. wants to decide how to appropriate
these profits. Identify the decision that Ankit will have to take and also discuss
any five factors which help him in taking this decision. (6 Marks)
Ans. Dividend decision
1. Earnings:
2. Stability of earnings:
3. Stability of dividends:
4. Growth opportunities:
5. Cash flow position:
Ans.
1. Debt
1. Due to weak cash flow position, the firm may not be able to honour fixed cash payment
obligations.
2. Increased fixed operating cost will increase the business risk therefore debt should not
be issued as it further increases the financial risk.
3. The stock market condition being bullish, the investors will prefer to buy equity shares.
Q. 16. ‘Indian Logistics’ has its own warehousing arrangements at key locations
across the country. Its warehousing services help business firms to reduce their
overheads, increase efficiency and cut down distribution time.
State with reason, whether the working capital requirements of ‘India Logistics’
will be high or low. (1 Mark)
Ans. Low, as it is a service industry, which usually do not have to maintain inventory.
It has taken a loan of Rs. 40 lakhs from IDBI and is bound by certain restrictions
on the payment of dividend according to the terms of loan agreement.
The above discussion about the company leads to various factors which decide
how much of the profits should be retained and how much has to be distributed
by the company.
Quoting the lines from the above discussion identify and explain and four such
factors. (6 Marks)
1. Stability of earnings
1. Growth Prospects
1. Shareholders’ preference
‘It has many shareholders who prefer to receive regular income from their
investments.’
1. Contractual constraints
‘It has taken a loan of Rs. Rs. 40 Lakhs from IDBI and … agreement.’
Which taking dividend decision, companies keep in mind the restrictions imposed by the
lenders in the loan agreement.
Ans.
1. Investment decision
It relates to how the firm’s funds are invested in different assets – fixed assets and working
capital.
1. Nature of business:
2. Scale of operations:
Q. 19. In a company profits are high and in future less scope of expansion exists.
The company has decided to distribute less amount of share of profits to its
shareholders.
Ans.
1. Dividend decision
This decision involves how much of the profit earned by the company (after paying tax) is to
be distributed to the shareholder and how much of it should be retained in the business.
Ans.
1. The decision to undertake computerization of owned warehouses will increase the fixed
capital requirements of its business both in present and future as after sometime, the
technology being used will become obsolete and need up gradation.
2. The company may use retained earnings and take loans from financial institutions to
implement this plan.
Ans.
1. The different kinds of financial decisions taken by the company are as follows:
Investment decision:
Financing decision:
Dividend decision:
2. Yes, the financial management team of the company has been able to achieve its prime
objective i.e. wealth maximization of the shareholders by maximizing the market price of
the shares of the company.
1. State any one reason because of which the company has been able to declare
high dividend by quoting line from the paragraph.
2. Why do you think small investors are happy with the company for declaring
stable dividend?
Ans.
1. Stability in earnings:
“Despite fierce competition in the industry, it has been able to maintain stability in its
earnings.”
1. The small investors are happy with the company for declaring stable dividend as they
enjoy a regular income on their investment.
Ans.
1. Cash inflows:
2. Rate of return:
1. What are the two conditions necessary for taking advantage of trading on
equity?
2. Assuming the expected rate of return on investment to be same as it was for
the current year i.e. 15%, do you think the financial managers will be able to
meet their goal. Show your workings clearly.
Ans.
1. The two conditions necessary for taking advantage of trading on equity are:
The rate of return on investment should be more than the rate of interest.
The amount of interest paid should be tax deductible.
2.
Yes, the financial managers will be able to meet their goal as the projected EPS, with the issue
of debt, is higher than the present EPS.
1. Name and explain the money-market instrument the company can use for
the above purpose.
2. What is the duration for which the company can get funds through this
instrument?
3. State any other purpose for which this instrument can be used.
Ans.
1. Commercial Paper:
It is a unsecured promissory note issued by large and credit worthy companies to raise short
terms funds at lower rates of interest than the prevailing market rates.
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