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JEE (MAIN & ADV.
), MEDICAL + BOARD, NDA, X & IX

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QUADRATIC EQUATION ( )
Only one option is correct.
1. The values of a for which the quadratic equation 2 x 2 − ( a 3 + 8a − 1) x + a 2 − 4a = 0 , possess roots of
opposite signs are given by :
(a) a > 0 (b) a > 5 (c) 4 < a < 8.5 (d) 0 < a < 4
2. The quadratic equation with real coefficients one of whose complex roots has the real part 12 and
modulus 13 is :
(a) x 2 − 12 x + 13 = 0 (b) x 2 − 24 x + 13 = 0 (c) x 2 − 24 x + 169 = 0 (d) x 2 − 24 x − 169 = 0
3. The condition that x3 − px 2 + qx − r = 0 may have two of its roots equal to each other but of opposite
signs is :
(a) r = pq (b) r = 2 p 3 + pq (c) r = p 2 q (d) none of these
4. If one root of the equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0 is reciprocal of one root of the equation a1 x 2 + b1 x + c1 = 0 ,
then :
2 2
(a) ( aa1 − cc1 ) = ( bc1 − b1a )( b1c − a1b ) (b) ( ab1 − a1b ) = ( bc1 − b1c )( ca1 − c1a )
2
(c) ( bc1 − b1c ) = ( ca1 − a1c )( ab1 − a1b ) (d) none of these
5. If the roots of the equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0 are real and distinct, then :
−b −b
(a) both roots are greater than (b) both roots are less than
2a 2a
−b
(c) one of the roots exceed (d) none of these
2a
6. If α , β , γ are roots of ax 3 + bx + c = 1 such that α + β = 0 , then :
(a) c = 0 (b) c = 1 (c) b = 0 (d) b = 1
7. The equations ax 2 + bx + a = 0 and x3 − 2 x 2 + 2 x − 1 = 0 have two roots in common, then a + b must
be equal to :
(a) 1 (b) –1 (c) 0 (d) none of these
2
8. The integral value of x for which ( 5 x − 1) < ( x + 1) < ( 7 x − 3 ) is :
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
9. If a and b ( b ≠ 0 ) are the roots of the equation x 2 + ax + b = 0 , then the least value of
x 2 + ax + b. ( x ∈ R ) is :
9 9 1 1
(a) (b) − (c) − (d)
4 4 4 4
10. If x 2 + ax + 10 = 0 and x 2 + bx − 10 = 0 have a common root; then a 2 − b 2 is equal to :
(a) 10 (b) 20 (c) 30 (d) 40
11. If 2 + i is a root of the equation x3 − 5 x 2 + 9 x − 5 = 0 , then the other roots are :
(a) 1 and 2 − i (b) −1 and 3 + i (c) 0 and 1 (d) −1 and i − 2
12. If x 2 + px + q = 0 is the quadratic equation whose roots are a − 2 and b − 2 , where a and b are the
roots of x 2 − 3 x + 1 = 0 then :
th
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2 ( ) BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES
(a) p = 1, q = 5 (b) p = 1, q = −5 (c) p = −1, q = 1 (d) p = 1, q = −1
13. If α , β , γ are the roots of the equation x3 + ax 2 + bx + c = 0 , then α −1 + β −1 + γ −1 =
a b c b
(a) (b) − (c) (d)
c c a a
14. If α , β , γ are the roots of x3 + 2 x 2 − 3 x − 1 = 0, then α −2 + β −2 + γ −2 is equal to :
(a) 12 (b) 13 (c) 14 (d) 15
1 + 3i
15. If is a root of the equation x 4 − x 3 + x − 1 = 0 , then its real roots are :
2
(a) 1, 1 (b) −1, − 1 (c) 1, 2 (d) +1, − 1
( ∑ αβ )
2
16. If α , β , γ are the roots of 2 x 3 − 2 x − 1 = 0 , then =
(a) −1 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
17. The number of solutions of log 4 ( x − 1) = log 2 ( x − 3) is :
(a) 3 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 0
18. The real roots of the equation 7 7

(
log x 2 − 4 x + 5 ) = x − 1 are :
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3 (c) 3 and 4
(d) 4 and 5
1 1
19. If α , β are the roots of 9 x 2 + 6 x + 1 = 0 , then the equation with roots , is :
α β
(a) 2 x 2 + 3 x + 18 = 0 (b) x 2 + 6 x − 9 = 0 (c) x 2 + 6 x + 9 = 0
(d) x 2 − 6 x + 9 = 0
1 1
20. If α and β are the roots of the quadratic equation 4 x 2 + 3 x + 7 = 0 , then the value of + =
α β
3 3 3 4
(a) (b) − (c) (d)
4 7 7 7
21. If 3 p 2 = 5 p + 2 and 3q 2 = 5q + 2 , where p ≠ q , then the equation whose roots are 3 p − 2q and
3q − 2 p is :
(a) 3 x 2 − 5 x − 100 = 0 (b) 5 x 2 + 3 x + 100 = 0 (c) 3 x 2 − 5 x + 100 = 0 (d) 3 x 2 + 5 x − 100 = 0
1  3 1  2 1   1
22. If x + = 5 , then  x + 3  − 5 x + 2  +  x +  =
x  x   x   x
(a) 0 (b) 5 (c) –5 (d) 10
23. The sum of the roots of the equation x 2 + px + q = 0 is equal to the sum of their squares, then :
(a) p 2 − q 2 = 0 (b) p 2 + q 2 = 2q (c) p 2 + p = 2q (d) none of these
24. If the equations ax 2 + bx + c = 0 and x 2 + x + 1 = 0 have at least one common root, then :
(a) a + b + c = 0 (b) a = b = c
(c) a = b or b = c or c = a d) a − b + c = 0
25. If two roots of an equation x3 − 9 x 2 + 14 x + 24 = 0 are in the ratio 3 : 2 . The roots will be :
(a) 6, 4, − 1 (b) 6, 4, 1 (c) −6, 4, 1 (d) −6, − 4, 1
26. If 1 + 2i is a root of the equation x 2 + bx + c = 0 , where b and c are real, then ( b, c ) is given by :
(a) ( 2, − 5) (b) ( −3, 1) (c) ( −2, 5 ) (d) ( 3, 1)
27. If p and q are the roots of the equation x 2 + px + q = 0 , then :
(a) p = 1 (b) p = 1 or 0 (c) p = −2 (d) p = −2 or 0
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( )BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES 3
28. If α , β are the roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0 , the equation whose roots are 2 + α , 2 + β is :
(a) ax 2 + ( 4a − b ) x + 4a − 2b + c = 0 (b) ax 2 + ( 4a − b ) x + 4a + 2b + c = 0
(c) ax 2 + ( b − 4a ) x + 4a + 2b + c = 0 (d) ax 2 + ( b − 4a ) x + 4a − 2b + c = 0
29. If the roots of the equation a ( b − c ) x 2 + b ( c − a ) x + c ( a − b ) = 0 are equal, then a, b, c are in :
(a) A.P. (b) G.P. (c) H.P. (d) none of these
30. If one root of the equation x 2 + Ax + 12 = 0 is 4 and the roots of x 2 + 2 Ax + B = 0 are equal, then value
of B is :
4 49
(a) 49 (b) 4 (c) (d)
49 4
2 2 2
31. The number of real roots of the equation ( x − 1) + ( x − 2 ) + ( x − 3) = 0 is :
(a) 2 (b) 1 (c) 0 (d) 3
32. Let a, b and c be real numbers such that 4a + 2b + c = 0 . Then the quadratic equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0
has :
(a) real roots (b) complex roots
(c) purely imaginary roots (d) only one root
33. The product of the roots of the equation mx 2 + 6 x + ( 2m − 1) = 0 is −1 . Then m =
1 1
(a) 1 (b) (c) −1 (d) −
3 3
1/3 1/3
2 α2   β2 
34. If α , β are the roots of the equation 8 x − 3 x + 27 = 0 , then the value of   +   is :
 β  α 
1 1 7
(a) (b) (c) (d) 4
3 4 2
35. If one roots of the equation ( x − 1)( 7 − x ) = m is three times the other, then m equals :
(a) −5 (b) 0 (c) 2 (d) 5
2
36. If one root of the equation x = px + q is reciprocal of the other, then the correct relationship is :
(a) q = −1 (b) q = 1 (c) pq = −1 (d) pq = 1
37. If f ( x ) = x + 2bx + 2c and g ( x ) = − x − 2cx + b are such that min. f ( x ) > max . g ( x ) ; then the
2 2 2 2
relation between b and c is :

(a) 0 < c b 2 (d) none of these
38. If the sum of the two roots of x3 + px 2 + qx + r = 0 is 0, then pq =
(a) − r (b) r (c) 2r (d) −2r
2
39. The quadratic equation whose roots are twice the roots of 2 x − 5 x + 2 = 0 is :
(a) 8 x 2 − 10 x + 2 = 0 (b) x 2 − 5 x + 4 = 0 (c) 2 x 2 − 5 x + 2 = 0 (d) x 2 − 10 x + 6 = 0
40. If α + β = 4 and α 3 + β 3 = 44 , then α , β are the roots of the equation :
(a) 2 x 2 − 7 x + 6 = 0 (b) 3 x 2 + 9 x + 11 = 0 (c) 9 x 2 − 27 x + 20 = 0 (d) 3 x 2 − 12 x + 5 = 0
1
41. The maximum value of 2
is :
4x + 2x + 1
4 2 3
(a) (b) (c) 1 (d)
3 3 4
42. For all ‘ x ’, x + 2ax + (10 − 3a ) > 0 , then the interval in which ‘ a ’ lies, is :
2
Office.: 606 , 6th Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi-1, Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
(a) a < −5 (b) −5 < a < 2 (c) a > 5 (d) 2 < a < 5
43. The values of ‘ a ’ for which ( a 2 − 1) x 2 + 2 ( a − 1) x + 2 is positive for any x , are :
(a) a ≥ 1 (b) a ≤ 1 (c) a > −3 (d) a < −3 or a > 1
2
44. If x1 , x2 , x3 are distinct roots of the equation ax + bx + c = 0 , then :
(a) a = b = 0, c ∈ R (b) a = c = 0, b ∈ R (c) b 2 − 4ac ≥ 0 (d) a = b = c = 0
45. If x 2 + 2 x + 2 xy + my − 3 = 0 has two linear factors, then the values of m will be :
(a) −6, − 2 (b) −6, 2 (c) 6, − 2 (d) 6, 2
46. If ( x + 1) is a factors of x 4 − ( p − 3) x 3 − ( 3 p − 5 ) x 2 + ( 2 p − 7 ) x + 6 , then the value of p is :
(a) 4 (b) 2 (c) 1 (d) none of these
47. If x − 3 x + 2 be a factors of x − px + q , then ( p, q ) is equal to :
2 4 2
(a) ( 3, 4 ) (b) ( 4, 5) (c) ( 4, 3) (d) ( 5, 4 )

48. Let f ( x ) = x 2 + ax + b; a, b ∈ R . If f (1) + f ( 2 ) + f ( 3) = 0 , then the roots of the equation f ( x ) = 0 :
(a) are imaginary (b) are real and equal
(c) are from the set {1, 2, 3} (d) real and distinct
49. If the roots of the equation qx 2 + px + q = 0 are complex, where p, q are real, then the roots of the
equation x 2 − 4qx + p 2 = 0 are :
(a) real and unequal (b) real and equal (c) imaginary (d) none of these
50. (a 2
− 3a + 2 ) x + ( a − 5a + 6 ) x + a − 2 = r for three distinct values of x for some r ∈ R , if a + r is
2 2
equal to :
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) does not exist.
2
51. If the roots of the equation ax + bx + c = 0 be α and β , then the roots of the equation
cx 2 + bx + a = 0 are :
1 1 1
(a) −α , − β (b) α , (c) , (d) none of these
β α β
52. If the product of the roots of the equation ( a + 1) x 2 + ( 2a + 3) x + ( 3a + 4 ) = 0 is 2, then the sum of
roots is :
(a) 1 (b) –1 (c) 2 (d) –2
53. If the difference of the roots of the equation x 2 − bx + c = 0 be 1, then :
(a) b 2 − 4c − 1 = 0 (b) b 2 − 4c = 0 (c) b 2 − 4c + 1 = 0 (d) b 2 + 4c − 1 = 0
54. The values of a for which 2 x 2 − 2 ( 2a + 1) x + a ( a + 1) = 0 may have one root less than a and other root
greater than a are given by :
(a) 1 > a > 0 (b) −1 < a < 0 (c) a ≥ 0 (d) a > 0 or a < −1
55. One lies between the roots of the equation − x 2 + ax + a = 0 , a ∈ R if and only if a lies in the interval :
1   1   1  1
(a)  , ∞  (b)  − , ∞  (c)  −∞,  (d)  −∞, 
2   2   2  2
If [ x ] = [ x + 2] , where [ x ] = the greatest integer less than or equal to x , then x must be such that :
2
56.
(a) x = 2, − 1 (b) [ −1, 0 ) ∪ [ 2, 3) (c) x ∈ [ −1, 0 ) (d) none of these
57. If roots of x 2 − ax + b = 0 are prime numbers, then :
(a) ‘ b ’ is a prime number (b) ‘ a ’ is a composite number
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( ) BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES 5
(c) 1 + a + b is a prime number (d) none of the above
2
58. If α , β are roots of the equation ax + bx + c = 0 such that β < α < 0 , then the quadratic equation
whose roots are α , β , is given by :
(a) a x 2 + b x + c = 0 | (b) ax 2 − b x + c = 0
2
(c) a x 2 − b x + c = 0 (d) a x + b x + c = 0
59. If α and β be the roots of the equation x 2 + x α + β = 0 , then :
(a) α = 1 and β = −1 (b) α = 1 and β = −2 (c) α = 2 and β = 1 (d) α = 2 and β = −2
60. The root of the equation 2 (1 + i ) x 2 − 4 ( 2 − i ) x − 5 − 3i = 0 where i = −1 , which has greater modulus,
is :
3 − 5i 5 − 3i 3+i 3i + 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 2 2 2
2
61. If α and β are the roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0 , then the equation ax 2 − bx ( x − 1) + c ( x − 1) = 0 has
roots:
α β 1−α 1− β α β α +1 β +1
(a) , (b) , (c) , (d) ,
1−α 1− β α β α +1 β +1 α β
62. If α and β be the roots of x 2

+ px + q = 0 , then
(ωα + ω β )(ω α + ωβ )
2 2
is equal to :
α2 β2
+
β α
q p
(a) − (b) αβ (c) − (d) ω
p q
α −1 β −1 γ −1
63. If α , β , γ are the roots of the equation x3 − 3 x 2 + 3 x + 7 = 0, then + + is ( ω is the
β −1 γ −1 α −1
complex cube root of unity) :
(a) 3 / ω (b) ω 2 (c) 2ω 2 (d) 3ω 2
64. In copying a quadratic equation of the form x 2 + px + q = 0, the coefficient of x was wrongly written
as −10 in place of −11 and the roots were found to be 4 and 6. If α , β are the roots of the correct
equation, then the value of α 4 + β 4 must be equal to :
65. In a quadratic equation with leading coefficient 1, a student reads the coefficient 16 of x wrongly as
19 and obtain the roots as −15and − 4. The correct roots are :
(a) 6, 10 (b) −6, − 10 (c) −7, − 9 (d) none of these
66. In writing an equation of the form ax 2 + bx + c = 0 ; the coefficient of x is written incorrectly and roots
are found to be equal. Again in writing the same equation the constant term is written incorrectly and it
is found that one root is equal to those of the previous wrong equation while the other is double of it. If
2
α and β be the roots of correct equation, then (α − β ) is equal to :
(a) 5 (b) 5αβ (c) −4αβ (d) −4
67. The quadratic equations x 2 − 6 x + a = 0 and x 2 − cx + 6 = 0 have one root in common. The other roots
of the first and second equations are integers in the ratio 4 : 3 . Then, the common root is :
(a) 1 (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) 2
68. If α ≠ β and α 2 = 5α − 3, β 2 = 5β − 3 , then the equation having α / β and β / α as its roots, is :
(a) 3 x 2 + 19 x + 3 = 0 (b) 3 x 2 − 19 x + 3 = 0 (c) 3 x 2 − 19 x − 3 = 0 (d) x 2 − 16 x + 1 = 0
6 ( BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES
)
2
69. Let one root of ax + bx + c = 0 where a, b, c are integers be 3 + 5 , then the other root is :
(a) 3 − 5 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) none of these
70. If the roots of the equation x 2 − 8 x + ( a 2 − 6a ) = 0 are real, then :
(a) −2 < a < 8 (b) 2 < a < 8 (c) −2 ≤ a ≤ 8 (d) 2 ≤ a ≤ 8
2
71. If x + 2 x + 2 xy + my − 3 has two rational factors, then the value of m will be :
(a) −6, − 2 (b) −6, 2 (c) 6, − 2 (d) 6, 2
72. Roots of ax 2 + b = 0 are real and distinct if :
(a) ab > 0 (b) ab < 0 (c) a, b > 0 (c) a, b < 0
73. If the difference of the roots of x 2 − px + 8 = 0 be 2, then the value of p is :
(a) ±2 (b) ±4 (c) ±6 (d) ±8
3 3
74. If α , β be the roots of the equation 2 x 2 − 35 x + 2 = 0 then the value of ( 2α − 35 ) ( 2 β − 35 ) is equal
to :
75. The equation formed by decreasing each root of ax 2 + bx + c = 0 by 1 is 2 x 2 + 8 x + 2 = 0 , then :
(a) a = −b (b) b = −c (c) c = − a (d) b = a + c
76. If the roots of the equation 12 x 2 − mx + 5 = 0 are in the ratio 2 : 3 , then m =
(a) 5 10 (b) 3 10 (c) 2 10 (d) none of these
2
77. If x + px + q = 0 is the quadratic equation whose roots are a − 2 and b − 2 where a and b are the
roots of x 2 − 3 x + 1 = 0 , then :
(a) p = 1, q = 5 (b) p = 1, q = −5 (c) p = −1, q = 1 (d) none of these
78. The value of 7 + 7 − 7 + 7 − ...∞ is :

(a) 5 (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) 2
4 4 4
79. The roots of the equation ( 3 − x ) + ( 2 − x ) = ( 5 − 2 x ) are :
(a) all real (b) all imaginary
(c) two real and two imaginary (d) none of the above
80. If c > 0 and the equation 3ax 2 + 4bx + c = 0 has no real root, then :
(a) 3a + c ≤ 4b (b) 3a + c ≥ 4b (c) 3a + c > 4b (d) 3a + c < 4b
81. ( ) 2
(
The harmonic mean of the roots of the equation 5 + 2 x − 4 + 5 x + 8 + 2 5 = 0 is : )
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 8
82. The values of a for which 2 x − 2 ( 2a + 1) x + a ( a + 1) = 0 may have one root less than a and other root
2
greater than a are given by :

(a) 1 > a > 0 (b) −1 < a < 0 (c) a ≥ 0 (d) a > 0 or a < −1
83. Let α , β be the roots of x 2 + ( 3 − λ ) x − λ = 0 . The value of λ for which α 2 + β 2 is minimum, is :
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
2
84. The condition that one root of the equation ax + bx + c = 0 is the three times the other is :
(a) b 2 = 8ac (b) 3b 2 + 16ac = 0 (c) 3b 2 = 16ac (d) b 2 + 3ac = 0
85. The value of ‘ a ’ for which one root of the quadratic equation ( a 2 − 5a + 3) x 2 + ( 3a − 1) x + 2 = 0 is
twice as large as the other, is :
th
2 2 1 1
(a) (b) − (c) (d) −
3 3 3 3
86. The roots of the equation x 4 − 2 x3 + x = 380 are :
1 ± 5 −3 1 ± 5 −3 −1 ± 5 −3 1 ± 5 −3
(a) 5, − 4, (b) −5, 4, (c) 5, 4, (d) −5, − 4,
2 2 2 2
87. If x 2 + 2ax + 10 − 3a > 0 for all x ∈ R , then :
(a) −5 < a < 2 (b) a < −5 (c) a > 5 (d) 2 < a < 5
88. If (1 − p ) is a root of quadratic equation x + px + (1 − p ) = 0 then its roots are :
2
(a) −1, 2 (b) −1, 1 (c) 0, − 1 (d) 0, 1

89. If a root of the equation x 2 + px + 12 = 0 is 4, while the roots of the equation x 2 + px + q = 0 are same,
then the value of q will be :
(a) 4 (b) 4 / 49 (c) 49 / 4 (d) none of these
2 2
90. All the value of m for which both roots of the equation x − 2mx + m − 1 = 0 are greater than −2 but
less than 4, lies in the interval :
(a) −2 < m < 0 (b) m > 3 (c) −1 < m < 3 (d) 1 < m < 4
91. If the difference between the roots of the equation x 2 + ax + 1 = 0 is less than 5 , then the set of
possible values of a is :
(a) ( −3,3) (b) ( −3, ∞ ) (c) ( 3, ∞ ) (d) ( −∞, − 3)
92. How many real solution does the equation x 7 + 14 x5 + 16 x3 + 30 x − 560 = 0 have :
(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 7
93. The smallest value of k , for which both roots of the equation x 2 − 8kx + 16 ( k 2 − k + 1) = 0 are real,
distinct and have value at least 4, is :
(a) 6 (b) 4 (c) 2 (d) 0
2
94. If the roots of the equation bx + cx + a = 0 be imaginary, then for all real values of x , the expression
3b 2 x 2 + 6bcx + 2c 2 is :
(a) less than −4ab (b) greater than 4ab (c) less than 4ab (d) greater than −4ab
95. If x 2 + x + 1 is a factor of ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d , then the real root of ax3 + bx 2 + cx + d = 0 is :
d d b c
(a) (b) − (c) − (d) −
a a a a
96. The quadratic equation whose roots are reciprocal of the roots of the equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0 is :
(a) cx 2 + bx + a = 0 (b) bx 2 + cx + a = 0 (c) cx 2 + ax + b = 0 (d) bx 2 + ax + c = 0
97. If the roots of the equation x3 − px 2 + qx − r = 0 are in H.P., then :
(a) 27 r 2 + 9 pqr + 2q 3 = 0 (b) 27 r 2 − 9 pqr + 2q 3 = 0
(c) 2r 2 − 9 pqr + 27 q 3 = 0 (d) 27 r 2 − 9 pqr − 2q 3 = 0
98. If the roots of the equation ( x − b )( x − c ) + ( x − c )( x − a ) + ( x − a )( x − b ) = 0 are equal, then the correct
choice can be :
(a) a + b + c = 0 (b) a + bω + cω 2 = 0 (c) a − b + c = 0 (d) none of these
99. If p, q, r are real and p ≠ q, then the roots of the equation ( p − q ) x + 5 ( p + q ) x − 2 ( p − q ) = r are :
2
(a) real and equal (b) unequal and rational

(c) unequal and irrational (d) nothing can be said
)
100. If a and b ( ≠ 0 ) are the roots of the equation x 2 + ax + b = 0, then the least value of x 2 + ax + b ( x ∈ R )
is :
9 9 1 1
(a) (b) − (c) − (d)
4 4 4 4
101. The minimum value of 2 x 2 + x − 1, is :
1 3 9 9
(a) − (b) (c) − (d)
4 4 8 4
102. The integer k for which the inequality x 2 − 2 ( 4k − 1) x + 15k 2 − 2k − 7 > 0 is said for any x, is :
103. For all x, x + 2ax + (10 − 3a ) > 0, then the interval in which a lies, is :
2
(a) a < −5 (b) −5 < a < 2 (c) a > 5 (d) 2 < a < 5
104. The values of a for which the equation 2 x − 2 ( 2a + 1) x + a ( a + 1) = 0 may have one root less than a
2
and other root greater than a are given by :

(a) 1 > a > 0 (b) −1 < a < 0 (c) a ≥ 0 (d) a > 0 or a < −1
105. If 6 lies between the roots of the equation x + 2 ( a − 3) x + 9 = 0, then :
2
 3   3
(a) a ∈  − , ∞  (b) a ∈  ∞, − 
 4   4
 3 
(c) a ∈ ( −∞, 0 ) ∪ ( 6, ∞ ) (d) a ∈  − , 6
 4 
106. The set of values of k for which roots of the equation x 2 − 3 x + k = 0 lie in the interval ( 0, 2 ) , is :
 9  9
(a) ( 2, ∞ ) (b) ( 0, ∞ ) (c)  −∞,  (d)  2, 
 4  4
107. If both the roots of the equation x 2 − 6ax + 2 − 2a + 9a 2 = 0 exceed 3, then :
9 11 11 11
(a) a > (b) a ≥ (c) a > (d) a <
11 9 9 9
108. If the roots of the equation ( a + 1) x 2 − 3ax + 4a = 0 ( a ≠ −1) greater than unity, then :
 16 
(a) a ∈ ( −∞, − 1) ∪ ( 2, ∞ ) (b) a ∈  − , 0
 7 
 16   1 
(c) a ∈  − , − 1 (d) a ∈  − , ∞ 
 7   2 
109. The set of value of a for which the roots of the equation ( a − 3) x 2 − 2ax + 5a = 0 are positive, is :
 15   15   15 
(a) ( −∞, 0 ) ∪ ( 3, ∞ ) (b) 0,  (c)  3,  (d)  3, 
 4  4  4
110. If the roots of the equation x 2 − 2ax + a 2 + a − 3 = 0 are real and less than 3, then :
(a) a < 2 (b) 2 ≤ a ≤ 3 (c) 3 < a ≤ 4 (d) a > 4
111. If the equation x 2 + 2 ( k + 1) x + 9k − 5 = 0 has only negative roots, then :
(a) k ≤ 0 (b) k ≥ 0 (c) k ≥ 6 (d) k ≤ 6
112. If the equation 2 x 2 + kx − 5 = 0 and x 2 − 3 x − 4 = 0 have one root in common, then k =
27 −27 −27 27
(a) −3, (b) 3, (c) −3, (d) 3,
4 4 4 4
th
( BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES
) 9
113. If a, b, c are positive real numbers such that the equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0 and bx 2 + cx + a = 0, have a
common root, then :
(a) a + bw + cw2 = 0 (b) a + bw2 + cw = 0 (c) a 3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc (d) all of these
114. If the equation x 2 − ax + b = 0 and x 2 + bx − a = 0 have a common root, then :
(a) a = b (b) a + b = −1 (c) a + b = 1 (d) a − b = 1
x 2 − 3x + 4
115. For real values of x the values of 2 lie in the interval :
x + 3x + 4
 1 1   1 
(a)  0,  (b) ( 7, ∞ ) (c)  , 7 (d)  − , 7
 7 7   7 
x 2 + 14 x + 9
116. The maximum and minimum values of are :
x2 + 2x + 3
(a) 3, 1 (b) 4, –5 (c) 0, −∞ (d) ∞, − ∞
2 2
117. The value of m for which the expression 2 x + mxy + 3 y − 5 y − 2 can be expressed as the product of
two linear factors are :
(a) ±7 (b) ±5 (c) ±4 (d) ±1
α β
118. If α , β are roots of the equation 2 x 2 + 6 x + b = 0 ( b < 0 ) , then + is less than :
β α
119. The value of a for which the sum of the squares of the roots of the equation x 2 − ( a − 2 ) x − a − 1 = 0
assumes the least value is :
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
120. If α , β ∈ R, are the roots of the equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0, k ∈ R lies between α and β , if :
(a) ak 2 + bk + c < 0 (b) a 2 k 2 + abk + ac < 0 (c) a 2 k 2 + abk + ac > 0 (d) none of these
121. If the quadratic equations ax 2 + 2cx + b = 0 and ax 2 + 2bx + c = 0 ( b ≠ c ) have a common root, then
a + 4b + 4c is equal to :
(a) –2 (b) –1 (c) 0 (d) 1
122. The least integral value of a for which the equation x − 2 ( a − 1) x + ( 2a + 1) = 0 has both the roots
2
positive, is :
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 1 (d) 5
123. The values of the parameter a for which the quadratic equations (1 − 2a ) x 2 − 6ax − 1 = 0 and
ax 2 − x + 1 = 0 have atleast one root in common are :
1 1 2 2 1 2
(a) 0, (b) , (c) (d) 0, ,
2 2 9 9 2 9
2
124. The number of solutions of the equation 9 x − 18 x + 5 = 0 belonging to the domain of definition of
log e {( x + 1)( x + 2 )} is :
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
125. If the roots of ax + bx + c = 0 ( a > 0 ) be each greater than unity, then :
2
(a) a + b + c = 0 (b) a + b + c > 0 (c) a + b + c < 0 (d) none of these

2 2
126. The set of values of a for which each one of the roots of x − 4ax + 2a − 3a + 5 = 0 is greater than 2,
is :
9 
(a) a ∈ (1, ∞ ) (b) a = 1 (c) a ∈ ( −∞, 1) (d) a ∈  , ∞ 
2 
)
127. If the product of the roots of the equation x 2 − 2 2kx + 2e 2 log k − 1 = 0 is 31, then the roots of the
equation are real for k equal to :
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
128. The number of values of the pair ( a, b ) for which a ( x + 1) + b ( − x 2 − 3x − 2 ) + x + 1 = 0 is an identity
2
in x, is :
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) Infinite
129. If a, b, c are three distinct positive real numbers, then the number of real roots of ax 2 + 2b x − c = 0,
is :
130. If a, b, c are in H.P., then the equation a ( b − c ) x 2 + b ( c − a ) x + c ( a − b ) = 0 :
(a) has real and distinct roots (b) has equal roots
(c) has no real root (d) none of these
131. If a, b, c ∈ R and the quadratic equation x 2 + ( a + b ) x + c = 0 has no real roots, then :
(a) c ( a + b + c ) > 0 (b) c + ( a + b + c ) c > 0 (c) c − c ( a + b + c ) > 0 (d) c ( a + b − c ) > 0
132. The number of integral values of a for which x 2 − ( a − 1) x + 3 = 0 has both roots positive and
x 2 + 3 x + 6 − a = 0 has both roots negative, is :
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) infinite
2 2
133. If a, b ∈ R, then the equation x − abx − a = 0 has :
(a) one positive and one negative root (b) both positive roots
(c) both negative roots (d) non-real roots
134. The set of real values of a for which the equation x 2 = a ( x + a ) has its roots greater than a , is :
 1  1 1
(a)  −2, −  (b)  − , −  (c) ( −∞, 0 ) (d) none of these
 2  2 4
135. If the equations ax 2 + bx + c = 0 and x3 + 3 x 2 + 3 x + 2 = 0 have two common roots, then :
(a) a = b ≠ c (b) a = −b = c (c) a = b = c (d) none of these
136. If ax 2 + bx + c = 0 has no real roots and a, b, c ∈ R such that a + c > 0, then :
(a) a − b + c < 0 (b) a − b + c > 0 (c) a + c = b (d) all of these
137. If x 2 − px + q = 0 has equal integral roots, then :
(a) p and q are even integers (b) p and q are odd integers
(c) p an even integer and q is a perfect square of a positive integer
(d) none of these
138. If b is the harmonic mean of a and c and α , β are the roots of the equation
a ( b − c ) x 2 + b ( c − a ) x + c ( a − b ) = 0, then :
1
(a) α + β = 3 (b) α + β = (c) αβ = 2 (d) α = 1, β = 1
2
139. For the equation 2 x 2 + 6 2 x + 1 = 0
(a) roots are rational
(b) if one root is p + q , then the other is − p − q
(c) and if one root is p + q , then other root − p + q
(d) none of these
th
2
140. The product of the roots of the equation ( x − 2 ) − 3 x − 2 + 2 = 0 is :
3
141. The number of real roots of x − 3 x 2 + 3 x − 2 = 0, is :
142. The equation x3 − 6 x 2 + 15 x + 3 = 0 has :
(a) only one positive root (b) two positive and one negative roots
(c) no positive roots (d) none of these
143. If (1 − p ) is a root of the quadratic equation x 2 + px + (1 − p ) = 0, then its roots are :
(a) –1, 2 (b) –1, 1 (c) 0, –1 (d) 0, 1
−1 −1 −1
144. If α , β , γ are the roots of the equation x3 + 4 x + 1 = 0, then (α + β ) + ( β + γ ) + ( γ + α ) =
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5
3 2
145. If the sum of the two of the roots of x + px + qx + r = 0 is zero, then pq =
(a) − r (b) r (c) 2r (d) −2r
146. If the difference between the roots of the equation x 2 + ax + 1 = 0 is less than 5, then the set of
possible values of a , is :
(a) ( 3, ∞ ) (b) ( −∞, − 3) (c) ( −3, 3) (d) ( −3, ∞ )
3 x 2 + 9 x + 17
147. If x is real, the maximum value of , is :
3x 2 + 9 x + 7
1 17
(a) (b) 41 (c) 1 (d)
4 7
x2 + 2x + 4
148. The minimum positive value of , is :
x+2
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
149. If α , β , γ are the roots of the equation x3 + x + 1 = 0, then the value of α 3 + β 3 + γ 3 is :

(a) 0 (b) 3 (c) –3 (d) –1
150. If three distinct real numbers a, b and c satisfy a ( a + p ) = b ( b + p ) = c 2 ( c + p ) , where p ∈ R,
2 2
then the value of ab + bc + ca, is :

(a) − p (b) p (c) 0 (d) p 2 / 2
151. If ( x − a ) is a factor of the polynomial x 6 − ax5 + x 4 − ax 3 + 3 x + a − 2 , then the value of a is :
1 1
(a) 1 (b) (c) (d) 2
2 3
152. If x 2 − 3 x + 2 is a factor of x 4 − px 2 + q , then the values of p and q are :
(a) −5, − 4 (b) −5, 4 (c) 5, − 4 (d) 5, 4
b−d
153. If ( x − 2 ) is a common factor of the expressions x 2 + ax + b and x 2 + cx + d , then is equal to :
c−a
(a) −2 (b) −1 (c) 1 (d) 2
2
154. If α and β are the distinct roots of ax + bx + c = 0 where a, b and c are non-zero real number, then
aα 2 + bα + 6c aβ 2 + bβ + 19c
+ is equal to :
aβ 2 + bβ + 9c aα 2 + bα + 13c
17 19
(a) (b) (c) 18c (d) 27c
8 13
155. 3 p 2 = 5 p + 2 and 3q 2 = 5q + 2 where p ≠ q , then pq is :
3 2 2 3
(a) − (b) − (c) (d)
2 3 3 2
156. If the roots of the equation px 2 + 2qx + r = 0 and px 2 − 2 pr x + q = 0 be real, then :
(a) p = q (b) p 2 = qr (c) q 2 = pr (d) r 2 = pq
157. Let p, q ∈ {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} . The number of equations of the form px 2 + qx + 1 = 0 having real roots, is :
(a) 7 (b) 8 (c) 9 (d) 12
2 3 3 2 3 3 2
158. If p, q are the roots of ax − 25 x + c = 0 , then p q + p q + p q is equal to :
2
bc 2 bc3  c + 25 
2  c − 25 
3
(a) (b) 3 (c) c  3  (d) c  2 
a a  a   a 
159. Let α and β be the roots of equation x 2 + ( 2 − λ ) x − (1 + λ ) = 0 . The value of λ for which α 2 + β 2 is
minimum is :
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
160. If α , β are the roots of the quadratic equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0 , then αβ 2 + α 2 β + αβ equals :
bc c (a − b)
(a) − (b) 0 (c) abc (d)
a2 a2
161. If the equation ( a + 1) x 2 − ( a + 2 ) x + ( a + 3) = 0 has roots equal in magnitude but opposite in signs,
then the roots of the equation are :
1 3
(a) ± a (b) ± a (c) ± a (d) ± 2a
2 2
162. If the difference of the roots of the equation x 2 + px + 8 = 0 is 2, then p equals :
(a) ± 2 (b) −6, 2 (c) −2, 6 (d) ± 6
x 2 − bx λ − 1
163. If the roots α , β of equation = are such that α + β = 0 , then the value of λ is :
ax − c λ + 1
1 1 c a−b
(a) (b) (c) (d)
c ab a+b a+b
164. If the difference between the roots of the equation x 2 + ax + 1 = 0 is less than 5 , then the set of value
of a is :
(a) ( −∞, − 3) (b) ( −3, 3) (c) ( −3, ∞ ) (d) ( 3, ∞ )
165. If the roots of the equation x 2 − px + q = 0 differ by unity, then :
(a) p 2 = 4q − 1 (b) q 2 = 4 p − 1 (c) p 2 = 4q + 1 (d) q 2 = 4 p + 1
166. If one root of equation x 2 + ax + 12 = 0 is 4 which the equation x 2 + ax + b = 0 has equal roots, then
the value of b is :
4 7 4 49
(a) (b) (c) (d)
7 4 49 4
167. If sec θ and tan θ are the roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0 ( a, b ≠ 0 ) , then the value of sec θ − tan θ is :
a b2 a2 b2
(a) − (b) − (c) 1 − (c) −1
b a b2 a2
th
) 13
2
168. If 3 is a root of x + kx − 24 = 0 then it is also a root of :
(a) x 2 − 5 x + k = 0 (b) x 2 − kx + 6 = 0 (c) x 2 + kx + 24 = 0 (d) x 2 + 5 x + k = 0
169. For what value of m , the ratio of the roots of the equation 12 x 2 − mx + 5 = 0 is 3 : 2 ?
(a) 5 10 (b) 10 5 (c) 25 2 (d) 15 5
3 7
170. If + i is a solution of the equation ax 2 − 6 x + b = 0 , where a and b are real numbers, then the
2 2
value of a + b is equal to :
(a) 22 (b) 28 (c) 29 (d) 31
171. If the roots of the equation x3 − 9 x 2 + 23 x − 15 = 0 are in A.P., then the largest root of this equation is :
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5
172. If one root of the equation x 2 + px + 12 = 0 is 4, while the equation x 2 + px + q = 0 has equal roots, the
value of q is :
13 21 49
(a) 4 (b) (c) (d)
4 4 4
173. If α and β are the roots of the equation 2 x 2 − ( p + 1) x + ( p − 1) = 0 such that α − β = αβ , then the
value of p is :
(a) −2 (b) −1 (c) 2 (d) 1
2
174. One root of mx − 14 x + 8 = 0 is 6 times the other root. Then m is equal to :
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) None of these
175. If one root of the equation ax 2 − bx + c = 0 is square of the other, then :
(a) ac = b3 (b) ac ( a + c + 3b ) = b3
(c) b 2 − 4ac = 0 (d) None of these
176. If one root of x 2 − x − k = 0 is square of the other, then k is equal to :
(a) 2 ± 3 (b) 3 ± 2 (c) 2 ± 5 (d) 5 ± 2
9 m l
177. If one root of the equation lx 2 + mx + n = 0 is ( l , m, n are integers) and = , then l + n is equal
2 4n m
to :
(a) 80 (b) 85 (c) 90 (d) 95
1 1 1
178. If the product of the roots of the equation − = is 0, then the sum of its roots is :
x−a x+b x+c
b+c 2bc b+c 2bc
(a) − (b) − (c) (d)
2bc b+c 2bc b+c
179. If α , β are the roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0 and if α − β = 0 then :
(a) b 2 − 4ac = 0 (b) a ( b 2 − 4ac ) = 4c (c) b 2 + 4ac = 0 (d) a ( b 2 + 4ac ) = 2c
180. If α + β = 4 and α 3 + β 3 = 44 , then α , β are the roots of the equation :

(a) 2 x 2 − 7 x + 6 = 0 (b) 3 x 2 − 12 x + 5 = 0 (c) 4 x 2 + 22 x + 15 = 0 (d) 9 x 2 − 27 x + 20 = 0
181. If f ( x ) is a polynomial of degree n with rational coefficients and 1 + 2i, 2 − 3 and 5 are three roots
of f ( x ) = 0 , then the least value of n is :
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6
2
182. If α , β are the roots of the equation ax + bx + c = 0 then the quadratic equation whose roots are
α + β , αβ is :
)
(a) ax + ( b + c ) x − bc = 0
2
(b) a 2 x 2 + a ( b − c ) x − bc = 0
(c) ax 2 + ( b + c ) x + bc = 0 (d) a 2 x 2 + a ( b − c ) x + bc = 0
183. The coefficient of x in x 2 + px + q = 0 was taken as 17 in place of 13 and its roots were found to be
−2 and −15 . The roots of the original equation are :
(a) 3, 7 (b) −3, − 7 (c) 3, 10 (d) −3, − 10
184. If α , β . γ are the roots of the equation x3 + 125 = 0 , then the quadratic equation whose roots are
2 2
α  α 
  and   is :
β  γ 
(a) x 2 − x + 1 = 0 (b) x 2 + x + 1 = 0 (c) x 2 − 5 x − 1 = 0 (d) x 2 + 5 x − 1 = 0
185. Suppose two persons A and B solve the equation x 2 + ax + b = 0 . While solving A commits a
mistake in constant term and finds the roots as 6 and 3 and B commits a mistake in the coefficient of
x and finds the roots as −7 and −2 . Then, the equation is :
(a) x 2 − 4 x − 12 = 0 (b) x 2 + 4 x − 21 = 0 (c) x 2 − 9 x + 14 = 0 (d) x 2 + 9 x − 18 = 0
186. Sachin and Rahul attempted to solve a quadratic equation. Sachin made a mistake in writing down the
constant term and ended up in roots ( 4, 3) . Rahul made a mistake in writing down coefficient of x to
get roots ( 3, 2 ) . The correct roots of the equation are :
(a) 4, 2 (b) 4, − 3 (c) 6, 1 (d) 3, − 3
α +2 β +2
187. If α and β are roots of x 2 + 5 x + 4 = 0 , the equation whose roots are , is :
3 3
(a) 9 x 2 − 3 x − 2 = 0 (b) 9 x 2 − 3 x + 2 = 0 (c) 9 x 2 + 3 x − 2 = 0 (d) 9 x 2 + 3 x + 2 = 0
188. The cubic equation whose roots are thrice to each of the roots of x3 + 2 x 2 − 4 x + 1 = 0 is :
(a) x3 − 6 x 2 − 36 x + 27 = 0 (b) x3 − 6 x 2 + 36 x + 27 = 0
(c) x3 + 6 x 2 − 36 x + 27 = 0 (d) x3 + 6 x 2 + 36 x + 27 = 0
189. The equation whose roots are twice the roots of the equation x 2 − 3 x + 3 = 0 is :
(a) x 2 − 3 x + 6 = 0 (b) x 2 − 4 x + 8 = 0 (c) x 2 − 6 x + 12 = 0 (d) x 2 − 8 x + 6 = 0
190. The quadratic equation whose roots are three times the roots of 3ax 2 + 3bx + c = 0 is :
(a) ax 2 + bx + 3c = 0 (b) ax 2 + 3bx + c = 0 (c) ax 2 + 3bx + 3c = 0
(d) 9ax 2 + 9bx + c = 0
1
191. If α , β are the roots of the equation x 2 − 5 x − 3 = 0 then the equation whose roots are and
2α − 3
1
, will be :
2β − 3
(a) 33 x 2 − 4 x − 1 = 0 (b) 33 x 2 − 4 x + 1 = 0 (c) 33 x 2 + 4 x − 1 = 0 (d) 33 x 2 + 4 x + 1 = 0
192. If the equation x 2 + px + q = 0 has roots u and v where p and q are non-zero constants. Then :
1 1
(a) ( x − p )( x + q ) = 0 has roots u and v (b) qx 2 + px + 1 = 0 has roots
and
u v
u v
(c) x 2 + p 2 x + q 2 = 0 has roots u 2 and v 2 (d) x 2 + qx + p = 0 has roots and
v u
3 2
193. If the sum of two of the roots of x + px + qx + r = 0 is zero, then pq is equal to :
(a) −2r (b) − r (c) r (d) 2r
3
194. If α , β , γ are the roots of x + bx + c = 0 then α β + αβ + β γ + βγ + γ 2α + γα 2 is equal to :
2 2 2 2
(a) −3c (b) −2c (c) 2c (d) 3c
th
) 15
195. If x − 3 x + 2 is a factor x 4 − ax 2 + b , then the equation whose roots are a and b is :
2
(a) x 2 − 9 x − 20 = 0 (b) x 2 − 9 x + 20 = 0 (c) x 2 + 9 x − 20 = 0 (d) x 2 + 9 x + 20 = 0

−1 −1 −1
196. If α , β , γ are the roots of the equation x3 + 4 x + 1 = 0 then (α + β ) + ( β + γ ) + ( γ + α ) is equal
to :
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5
1
197. If α , β , γ are the roots of x3 + qx + r = 0 , then ∑ is equal to :
α + β −γ
q q q q
(a) − (b) − (c) (d)
2r r r 2r
3 α2 β2 γ2
198. If α , β , γ are the roots of x + 4 x + 1 = 0 , then the equation whose roots are , , is :
β +γ γ +α α + β
(a) x3 − 4 x − 1 = 0 (b) x3 − 4 x + 1 = 0 (c) x3 + 4 x − 1 = 0 (d) x3 + 4 x + 1 = 0
 1 
199. If α , β and γ are roots of x3 − 2 x + 1 = 0 , then the value of ∑  α + β − γ  is :
1 1 1
(a) −1 (b) − (c) (d)
2 4 2
200. If the roots of the equation 4 x 3 − 12 x 2 + 11x + k = 0 are in arithmetic progression, then k is equal to :
(a) −3 (b) -2 (c) 2 (d) 3
201. The set of values of x for which the inequality [ x ] − 8 [ x ] + 15 ≤ 0 (where [ x ] denotes the greatest
2
integer function) hold if :

(a) 3 < x ≤ 5 (b) 3 ≤ x < 6 (c) 3 ≤ x ≤ 5 (d) 3 < x < 6
202. If ( λ 2 + λ − 2 ) x 2 + ( λ + 2 ) x < 1 for all x ∈ R , then λ belongs to :
 2 2  2 
(a) ( −2, 1) (b)  −2,  (c)  , 1 (d)  , − 2 
 5 5  5 
203. Values of a for which expression x 2 − ( 3a − 1) x + 2a 2 + 2a − 11 is always positive, are
(a) 7 < a < 11 (b) a < 6 (c) 5 < a < 9 (d) a > 8
5 2
204. The maximum possible number of real roots of the equation x − 6 x − 4 x + 5 = 0 is
(a) 0 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5
205. How many real solutions does the equation x 7 + 14 x5 + 16 x3 + 30 x − 560 = 0 have?
(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 7
206. If ax3 + bx 2 + cx + d = 0 has a repeated root α , then α is also a root of
(a) 6ax + 2b = 0 (b) ax 2 + bx + c = 0 (c) 3ax 2 + 2bx + c = 0 (d) bx 2 + cx + d = 0
207. If a, b, c the three real numbers such that a + 2b + 4c = 0 . Then, the equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0
(a) has its roots lying within −1 < x < 0 (b) has both the roots complex
1
(c) has its roots lying within 2 < x < 6 (d) has one of its roots equal to
2
208. The roots of the equation ( q − r ) x 2 + ( r − p ) x + ( p − q ) = 0 are
p−q p−q p−r q−r p−q p+q
(a) ,1 (b) ,1 (c) , (d) ,
q−r p−r q p r r
209. The number of the roots of the quadratic equation 8sec 2 θ − 6 sec θ + 1 = 0 is :
(a) Infinite (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 0
210. The number of real roots of the equation esin x − e − sin x − 4 = 0 are
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) infinite (d) None
1 1
211. If α and β are the roots of the equation x 2 − 7 x + 1 = 0, then the value of 2
+ 2
is
(α − 7 ) ( β − 7 )
(a) 45 (b) 47 (c) 49 (d) 50
212. If x − 2 + x − 3 = 7, then x =
(a) 6 (b) −1 (c) 6 or − 1 (d) None of these
213. If x1 , x2 , x3 are distinct roots of the equality ax 2 + bx + c = 0, then
(a) a = b = 0, c ∈ R (b) a = c = 0, b ∈ R (c) b 2 − 4ac ≥ 0 (d) a = b = c = 0
1
214. If x = 7 + 4 3 , then x + =
x
(a) 4 (b) 6 (c) 3 (d) 2
1 1
x− x+
215. The value of x in the given equation 4 x − 3 2
=3 − 2 2 x −1 is
2
4 3 2 5
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 2 1 3
216. If the roots of the equation ax 2 + x + b = 0 be real, then the roots of the equation x 2 − 4 abx + 1 = 0 will
be
(a) Rational (b) Irrational (c) Real (d) Imaginary
2
217. If a > 0, b > 0, c > 0, then both the roots of the equation ax + bx + c = 0
(a) Are real and negative (b) Have negative real parts
(c) Are rational number (d) None of these
218. The roots of the equation x 2 + 2 3 x + 3 = 0 are
(a) Real and unequal (b) Rational and equal
(c) Irrational and equal (d) Irrational and unequal
219. If a and b are the odd integers, then the roots of the equation 2ax 2 + ( 2a + b ) x + b = 0, a ≠ 0, will be
(a) Rational (b) Irrational (c) Non-real (d) Equal
3 2
220. If the roots of the equation 8 x − 14 x + 7 x − 1 = 0 are in G.P., then the roots are
1 1
(a) 1, , (b) 2, 4, 8 (c) 3, 6, 12 (d) None of these
2 4
221. If the sum of the two roots of the equation 4 x 3 + 16 x 2 − 9 x − 36 = 0 is zero, then the roots are
2 2 3 3 3 3
(a) 1, 2 − 2 (b) −2, , − (c) −3, , − (d) −4, , −
3 3 2 2 2 2
3 2
222. If the sum of two of the roots of x + px + qx + r = 0 is zero, then pq =
(a) − r (b) r (c) 2r (d) −2r
223. If α , β and γ are the roots of equation x − 3 x + x + 5 = 0 then y = ∑ α + αβγ satisfies the equation
3 2 2
(a) y 3 + y + 2 = 0 (b) y 3 − y 2 − y − 2 = 0
(c) y 3 + 3 y 2 − y − 3 = 0 (d) y 3 + 4 y 2 + 5 y + 20 = 0
224. If α , β , γ are the roots of the equation 2 x 3 − 3 x 2 + 6 x + 1 = 0, then α 2 + β 2 + γ 2 is equal to
15 15 9
(a) – (b) (c) (d) 4
4 4 4
th
225. The number of values of the pair ( a, b ) for which a ( x + 1) + b ( x 2 − 3x − 2 ) + x + 1 = 0 is an identity in

2
x is :
3n 3n
226. x + y is divisible by x + y, if :
(a) n is any integer ≥ 0 (b) n is an odd positive integer
(c) n is an even positive integer (d) n is a rational number
227. If x, y are rational numbers such that x + y + ( x − 2 y ) 2 = 2 x − y + ( x − y − 1) 6 then :
(a) x and y cannot be determined (b) x = 2, y = 1
(c) x = 5, y = 1 (d) none of these
228. The equation ( a + 2 ) x 2 + ( a − 3) x = 2a − 1, a ≠ −2 has roots rational for :
(a) all rational values of a except a = −2 (b) all real values of a except a = −2
1
(c) rational values of a > (d) none of these
2
229. If x + λ y − 2 and x − µ y + 1 are factors of the expression 6 x 2 − xy − y 2 − 6 x + 8 y − 12, then :
1 1 1 1
(a) λ = , µ = (b) λ = 2, µ = 3 (c) λ = , µ = − (d) none of these
3 2 3 2
2
230. If ( log 5 x ) + log 5 x < 2, then x belongs to the interval :
 1  1 1 
(a)  , 5  (b)  ,  (c) (1, ∞ ) (d) none of these
 25  5 5
231. If the equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0 and x 2 + 2 x + 3 = 0 have a common root, then a : b : c is equal to :
(a) 2 : 4 : 5 (b) 1: 3 : 4 (c) 1: 2 : 3 (d) none of these
232. If the equation 2 x 2 + 3 x + 5λ = 0 and x 2 + 2 x + 3λ = 0 have a common root, then λ is equal to :
(a) 0 (b) −1 (c) 0, − 1 (d) 2, − 1
233. If a > 1, roots of the equation (1 − a ) x 2 + 3ax − 1 = 0 are :
(a) one positive and one negative (b) both negative
(c) both positive (d) both non-real complex
234. The equation x 2 + ax + b 2 = 0 has two roots each of which exceeds a member c, then :
(a) a 2 < 4b 2 (b) c 2 + ac + b 2 > 0 (c) − a / 2 < c (d) none of these
α β
235. If α , β are roots of the equation x 2 + x + 1 = 0, then the equation whose roots are and is :
β α
(a) x 2 + x + 1 = 0 (b) x 2 − x + 1 = 0 (c) x 2 − x − 1 = 0 (d) x 2 + x − 1 = 0
236. Roots of the equation x 2 − 5 x − 19 = 0 are :
(a) real, equal and rational (b) real, unequal and rational
(c) real, unequal and irrational (d) complex number
237. If one root of the equation x 2 − λ x + 12 = 0 is even prime while x 2 + λ x + µ = 0 has equal roots, then
µ is :
(a) 8 (b) 16 (c) 24 (d) 32
238. The parabolic curve y = ( λ + 1) x + 2 intersects the curve y = λ x + 3 in exactly one point, if λ equals:
2
(a) {−2} (b) {2} (c) {−2, 2} (d) {1}
18 (BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES
)
239. The number of real solutions of the equation e x = x is :
240. For a ≠ b, if the equations x 2 + ax + b = 0 and x 2 + bx + a = 0 have a common root, then the value of
(a + b) is :
(a) −1 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) 2
241. The number of real solutions of the equation x = cos x is :
(a) one (b) two (c) three (d) zero
242. If the graph of the function y = 16 x + 8 ( a + 5 ) x − 7a − 5 is strictly above the x-axis, then a ∈
2
(a) ( −15, − 2 ) (b) ( −2, − 1) (c) ( 5, 7 ) (d) ( −1, 1)

 1 1 
243. Let α , β be the roots of x 2 + ax + 1 = 0 . Then the equation whose roots are −  α +  and −  + β 
 β α 
is :
(a) x 2 = 0 (b) x 2 + 2ax + 4 = 0 (c) x 2 − 2ax + 4 = 0 (d) x 2 − ax + 1 = 0
244. If α , β are the roots of 4 x 2 − 16 x + c = 0, c > 0 such that 1 < α < 2 < β < 3, then the number of integer
values of c is :
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5
−1
245. If α , β are the roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0, the equation whose roots are (α + β ) , α −1 + β −1 is :
(a) acx 2 + ( a + c ) x + bc = 0 (b) bcx 2 + ( b 2 + ac ) x + ab = 0
(c) abx 2 + ( c 2 + ab ) x + bc = 0 (d) cax 2 + ( b 2 + ac ) x + ab = 0
246. The value of a a for which the sum of the squares of the roots of the equation x 2 − ( a − 2 ) x − a − 1 = 0
assumes the least value is
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
247. Let α , β be the roots of x 2 − 3 x + a = 0 and γ , δ be the roots of x 2 − 12 x + b = 0 and numbers
α , β , γ , δ (in order) form an increasing G.P. then
(a) a = 2, b = 32 (b) a = 3, b = 12 (c) a = 16, b = 4 (d) a = 24, b = 3
248. The value of a for which one root of the quadratic equation ( a 2 − 5a + 3) x 2 + ( 3a − 1) x + 2 = 0 is twice
as large as the other, can be
2 1 5 + 13 2
(a) − (b) − (c) (d)
3 3 2 3
249. The number of real roots of the equation x 4 + x 4 + 20 = 22 is
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 4
250. To remove the second term of the equation x 4 − 8 x3 + x 2 − x + 3 = 0 diminish the roots of the equation
by
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 5
1 1 1 1
251. The condition that the equation + = + has real roots that are equal in magnitude but
x x+b m m+b
opposite in sign is :
(a) b 2 = m 2 (b) b 2 = 2m 2 (c) 2b 2 = m 2 (d) none of these
1  1   1   1
252. If x + = 5, then  x3 + 3  − 5  x 2 + 2  +  x +  is equal to :
x  x   x   x
th
(a) 0 (b) 5 (c) –5 (d) 10
253. If 0 < a 0 ) be each greater than unity, then
(a) a + b + c = 0 (b) a + b + c > 0 (c) a + b + c < 0 (d) none of these
2 2log k
255. If the product of the roots of the equation x − 2 2kx + 2e − 1 = 0 is 31, then the roots of the
equation are real if k equal to
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
256. If 0 < a 1 (b) α ≥ 1 (c) β < 1 (d) none of these
257. The number of irrational roots of x 4 − 6 x 3 + 10 x 2 − 6 x + 1 = 0 is :
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 4
258. The sum of the roots of the equation 233 x − 2 + 211x + 2 = 222 x +1 + 1 is :
1 2 3 4
(a) (b) (c) (d)
11 11 11 11
259. The roots of x5 − 5 x 4 + 9 x 3 − 9 x 2 + 5 x − 1 = 0 are :
1± 3 i 3 ± 5 2 ± 3i 3± 5 1± 3 i 5 ± 3
(a) , (b) , (c) , (d) none of these
2 2 2 2 2 2
260. The number of values of a for which equations x3 + ax + 1 = 0 and x 4 + ax 2 + 1 = 0 have a common
root is
261. If the quadratic equation ax 2 − bx + 1 = 0 has imaginary roots, then ( a + b + 1) is
(a) positive (b) negative (c) zero (d) dependent on the sign of b
262. If α , β are the roots of the equation 1!+ 2!+ 3!+ .... ( x − 1) !+ x ! = k and k ∈ I , where α < β and if 2
x 2 − 1+ 2α + 3α 2 + 4α 3 + 5α 4  x 2 +[ −5 β ]
(
α1 , α 2 , α 3 , α 4 are the roots of the equation a + b )  
(
+ a− b ) = 2a ,
where a2 − b = 1 and [.] denotes the greatest integer function, then the value of
α1 + α 2 + α 3 + α 4 − α1α 2α 3α 4 is
(a) 216 (b) 221 (c) 224 (d) 209
263. If α , β are the roots of the equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0, then the roots of the equation
2 2
a ( x + 1) + b ( x + 1)( x − 2 ) + c ( x − 2 ) = 0 are
2α + 1 2 β + 1 2α − 1 2 β − 1 α +1 β +1 2α + 3 2 β + 3
(a) , (b) , (c) , (d) ,
α −1 β −1 α +1 β +1 α −1 β − 2 α −1 β −1
Passage (for Q.264 and Q.265)

If x = 2 + i 3 is a root of x 2 + px + q = 0 , where p, q are real.
264. The value of p is :
(a) −3 (b) −4 (c) 4 (d) 3
20 BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES
( )
2
265. The graph of y = x + px + q is :
y y
(a) x (b) x
y y
(c) x (d) x
One or more than one options may be correct

266. A quadratic equation whose difference of roots is 3 and the sum of the squares of the roots is 29, is
given by :
(a) x 2 + 9 x + 14 = 0 (b) x 2 + 7 x + 10 = 0 (c) x 2 − 7 x − 10 = 0 (d) x 2 − 7 x + 10 = 0
267. If the equation x 2 + px + q = 0 has roots u and v where p and q are non-zero constants, then :
1 1
(a) qx 2 + px + 1 = 0 has roots and (b) ( x + p )( x − q ) = 0 has roots u + v and uv
u v
u v
(c) x 2 + p 2 x + q 2 = 0 has roots u 2 and v 2 (d) x 2 + px + p = 0 has roots and
v u
268. If a, b, c ∈ R and the equality ax 2 − bx + c = 0 has complex roots which are reciprocal of each other,
then one has :
(a) b ≤ a (b) b ≤ c (c) a = c (d) b ≤ a
269. A quadratic equation whose difference of roots is 3 and the sum of the squares of the roots is 29 is
given by :
(a) x 2 + 9 x + 14 = 0 (b) x 2 + 7 x + 10 = 0 (c) x 2 − 7 x − 10 = 0 (d) x 2 − 7 x + 10 = 0
270. If a, b, c are distinct numbers in arithmetic progression, then both the roots of the quadratic equation
( a + 2b − 3c ) x 2 + ( b + 2c − 3a ) x + ( c + 2a − 3b ) = 0 are :
(a) real (b) positive (c) negative (d) rational
271. If roots of ax + 2bx + c = 0 ( a ≠ 0 ) are non real complex and a + c < 2b, then :
2
(a) c > 0 (b) c < 0 (c) 4a + c < 4b (d) 4a + c > 4b

272. If the equation ax + bx + c = 0 ( a > 0 ) has two roots α and β such that α < −2 and β > 2, then
2
(a) b 2 − 4ac > 0 (b) c < 0 (c) a + b + c < 0 (d) 4a + 2 b + c < 0

273. Suppose a, b ∈ R and a ≠ 0, b ≠ 0. Let α , β be the roots of x 2 + ax + b = 0, then :
1 1
(a) , are roots of bx 2 + ax + 1 = 0 (b) −α , − β are roots of x 2 − ax + b = 0
α β
α β
(c) α 2 , β 2 are roots of x 2 + ( 2b − a 2 ) x + b 2 = 0 (d) , are roots of bx 2 + ( 2b − a 2 ) x + b = 0
β α
274. If the equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0, a, b, c ∈ R have non – real roots, then
th
(a) c ( a − b + c ) > 0 (b) c ( a + b + c ) > 0 (c) c ( 4a − 2b + c ) > 0 (d) none of these
Subjective Type
275. Let x 2 − ( m − 3) x + m = 0 ( m ∈ R ) be a quadratic equation. Find the value of m for which the roots of
the equation are
(i) real and distinct (ii) equal (iii) not real (iv) opposite in sign
(v) equal in magnitude but opposite in sign (vi) positive (vii) negative
(viii) such that at least one is positive
(ix) one root is smaller than 2 and the other root is greater than 2
(x) both the roots are greater than 2 (xi) both the roots are smaller than 2
(xii) exactly one root lies in the interval (1, 2 ) (xiii) both the roots lie in the interval (1, 2 )
(xiv) such that at least one root lie in the interval (1, 2 )
(xv) one root is greater than 2 and the other root is smaller than 1.
JEE (MAIN & ADV.), MEDICAL + BOARD, NDA, X & IX
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SOLUTIONS OF QUADRATIC EQUATION ( )

1. Ans. (d), The roots are of opposite signs, if the product of the roots < 0
a 2 − 4a
i.e., if < 0 , i.e., if a ( a − 4 ) < 0 + − +
2 0 4
i.e., if 0 < a < 4 .
2. Ans. (c), The coefficient being real, the complex roots occur in conjugate pairs.
∵ Real part = 12 
If α + i β is a root, then α − i β will be other roots 12 2 + β 2 = 169  
 & Modulus = 13
⇒ β 2 = 25 ⇒ β = ±5
Sum of the roots = 2α = 24 ⇒ α = 12 , and product of roots = (α + i β )(α − i β )
⇒ α 2 + β 2 = 122 + 52 = 169 i.e., Product of the roots = 169 .
Hence, required equation is x 2 − 24 x + 169 = 0 .
3. Ans. (a), Let α , β , γ be the roots of the given equation, where α = − β (given)
Now, α + β + γ = p ⇒ γ =p [∵ α = − β ]
but γ is given to be a root of the given equation, so it satisfies it
∴ γ 3 − pγ 2 + qγ − r = 0 ⇒ p 3 − p 3 + pq − r = 0 [∵ γ = p]
⇒ r = pq .
1
4. Ans. (a), Let α be one root of ax 2 + bx + c = 0 , then is a root of a1 x 2 + b1 x + c1 = 0
α
a1 b1
∴ aα 2 + bα + c = 0 …(1) and 2
+ + c1 = 0 ⇒ c1α 2 + b1α + a1 = 0 …(2)
α α
α2 α 1
Solving equations (1) and (2), we get, = = …(3)
ba1 − b1c cc1 − aa1 ab1 − c1b
ba1 − b1c cc − aa1
⇒ α2 = and α = 1 .
ab1 − c1b ab1 − c1b
2
2 ba − b c  cc − aa1 
Now, α = (α )
2
⇒ 1 1 = 1 
ab1 − c1b  ab1 − c1b 
2 2
⇒ ( ba1 − b1c )( ab1 − c1b ) = ( cc1 − aa1 ) ⇒ ( aa1 − cc1 ) = ( bc1 − b1a )( b1c − a1b ) .
b
5. Ans. (c), From the graph it is clear that one root exceed − .
2a
α β
 b D
− , − 
 2a 4a 
6. Ans. (b), Sum of the roots = α + β + γ = 0 ⇒ γ = 0 [∵ α + β = 0]
th
2 ( )BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES
∴ 0 , is a root of the equation. ∴ c = 1 .
7. Ans. (c), Ans. (c), Given x3 − 2 x 2 + 2 x − 1 = 0 ⇒ ( x − 1) ( x 2 − x + 1) = 0 ⇒ x = 1 or x = −ω , − ω 2 .
Since ax 2 + bx + a = 0 and x3 − 2 x 2 + 2 x − 1 = 0 have two roots in common, therefore −ω and −ω 2 are

their common roots.
( )
(As (1, − ω ) or 1, − ω 2 cannot be roots of ax 2 + bx + a )
Hence ax 2 + bx + a = 0 and x 2 − x + 1 = 0 have both roots common

a b a
Hence = = ⇒ a = −b ⇒ a + b = 0
1 −1 1
Alternative
Given x3 − 2 x 2 + 2 x − 1 = 0 ⇒ ( x − 1) ( x 2 − x + 1) = 0 ⇒ x = 1 or x = −ω , − ω 2 .
Since ax 2 + bx + a = 0 and x3 − 2 x 2 + 2 x − 1 = 0 have two roots in common, therefore −ω and −ω 2 are

their common roots.
For x = −ω , equation ax 2 + bx + a = 0 becomes aω 2 − bω + a = 0
⇒ a (1 + ω 2 ) − bω = 0 ⇒ − aω − bω = 0 ∵ 1 + ω + ω 2 = 0 
⇒ a+b = 0
Put x = −ω 2 in ax 2 + bx + a = 0 ⇒ aω 4 − bω 2 + a = 0 ⇒ a (1 + ω 4 ) − bω 2 = 0
⇒ − aω 2 − bω 2 = 0 ∵ ω 3 = 1 and 1 + ω + ω 2 = 0 
⇒ −ω 2 ( a + b ) = 0 ⇒ a +b = 0.
2
8. Ans. (c), From first two ( 5 x − 1) < ( x + 1)
⇒ 5 x − 1 < x 2 + 2 x + 1 ⇒ x 2 − 3x + 2 > 0 ⇒ ( x − 1)( x − 2 ) > 0 −
+ +
1 2
⇒ x > 2 or x < 1 …(1)
2
From 2 & 3rd term ( x + 1) < ( 7 x − 3)
+ − +
1 4
⇒ x2 − 5x + 4 < 0 ⇒ ( x − 1)( x − 4 ) < 0
⇒ 1< x < 4 …(2)
∴ Combining (1) and (2), we get 2 < x < 4 .
1 2 4
∴ Integral value of x for which, the given inequality is satisfied is x = 3 .
9. Ans. (b), Given, a, b are roots of given equation, therefore a + b = −a and ab = b
⇒ ( a − 1) b = 0 ⇒ a = 1 [∵ b ≠ 0] .
Putting, a = 1 in x 2 + ax + b = 0 ⇒ a + b = −a , we get b = −2 .
Let x 2 + ax + b = y , we get y = x 2 + ax + b , which is an upward parabola
D
and its minimum value is given by − .
4a  −a − D 
 , 
 a 2 − 4b   1+ 8  9  2 a 4a 
∴ Minimum value = −   = − =− .
 4   4  4
10. Ans. (d), Let α be the common root.
∴ α 2 + aα + 10 = 0 …(1) and α 2 + bα − 10 = 0 …(2)
20
(1) – (2) gives α = − .
a −b
th
2
 20   20 
Put this value on equation (1), we get,  −  + a−  + 10 = 0
 a−b   a −b 
2
⇒ 400 − 20a ( a − b ) + 10 ( a − b ) = 0 ⇒ 400 − 20a 2 + 20ab + 10a 2 + 10b 2 − 20ab ⇒ a 2 − b 2 = 40 .
11. Ans. (a), If one root of x3 − 5 x 2 + 9 x − 5 = 0 is 2 + i , then the other root will be 2 − i .
[∵ complex roots with real coefficients occur is conjugate pairs]
Let α be the third root. ∴ Sum of the roots = ( 2 + i ) + ( 2 − i ) + α = 5 ⇒ α = 1 .
∴ The other roots of the given equation are 2 − i and 1.
12. Ans. (d), Here a − 2, b − 2 are the roots of x 2 + px + q = 0
∴ Sum of roots = ( a − 2 ) + ( b − 2 ) = − p …(1)
Product of roots = ( a − 2 )( b − 2 ) = q …(2)
a, b are the roots of x 2 − 3 x + 1 = 0
a+b = 3 …(3) and ab = 1 …(4)
By using (3) & (4) in (1) & (2), we get, p = 1, q = −1 .
Alternatively : a, b are the roots of x 2 − 3 x + 1 = 0 …(1)
and a − 2, b − 2 are the roots of x 2 + px + q = 0 …(2)
∴ Roots are decreased by 2 to the roots of (1)
2
∴ Change x to x + 2 in (1), we get, ( x + 2 ) − 3 ( x + 2 ) + 1 = 0 ⇒ x 2 + x − 1 = 0
Compare this with x 2 + px + q = 0 ; we get, p = 1, q = −1 .
13. Ans. (b), α , β , γ are the roots of x3 + ax 2 + bx + c = 0
∴ α + β + γ = −a ∴ αβ + βγ + γα = b and αβγ = −c
1 1 1 αβ + βγ + γα b
∴ α −1 + β −1 + γ −1 = + + = =− .
α β γ αβγ c
14. Ans. (b), Here, α + β + γ = −2 …(i)
αβ + βγ + γα = −3 …(ii)
and αβγ = 1 …(iii)
On squaring equation (ii), we get, α 2 β 2 + β 2γ 2 + γ 2α 2 + 2αβγ (α + β + γ ) = 9
⇒ α 2 β 2 + β 2γ 2 + γ 2α 2 = 9 − 2 (1)( −2 ) = 13
β 2γ 2 + γ 2α 2 + α 2 β 2 13
Now, α −2 + β −2 + γ −2 = 2
= = 13
(αβγ ) 1
15. Ans. (d), The given equation is, x 4 − x 3 + x − 1 = 0 …(1)

By trial method : x = 1, − 1 are the roots of (1)
and by Descartes’ rule of signs : f ( x ) has three changes of signs and f ( − x ) has only one change of
sign.
∴ Number of + ve roots of (1) are three or one and number of −ve roots of (1) is exactly one.
1 + 3i 1 − 3i
Again is a root of (1) which has real coefficients. ∴ is also a root of (1).
2 2
Hence, the equation has one −ve one + ve and two imaginary roots.
16. Ans. (b), Let α , β , γ are the roots of 2 x 3 − 2 x − 1 = 0
)
2 1
∴ α + β + γ = 0 , αβ + βγ + γα = = 1 , αβγ =
2 2
( ∑ αβ ) = (αβ + βγ + γα ) = (1)
2 2 2
∴ = 1.
17. Ans. (b), Here log 4 ( x − 1) = log 2 ( x − 3)

1  1 
⇒ log 2 ( x − 1) = log 2 ( x − 3) ∵ log aa = a log a  .
2
⇒ x −1 = x − 3 .
Squaring both sides, we get, x − 1 = x 2 − 6 x + 9 ⇒ x 2 − 7 x + 10 = 0 ⇒ x = 2, 5 .
But x = 2 , does not satisfy the given equation. ∴ x = 5 .
∴ Number of solutions of the given equation are 1.
18. Ans. (b), Since a log a x = x , therefore the given equation is x 2 − 4 x + 5 = x − 1
⇒ x 2 − 5 x + 6 = 0 ⇒ x = 2, 3 .
1 9 6
19. Ans. (c), Changing x to in given equations, we get 2 + + 1 = 0
x x x
1 1
⇒ x 2 + 6 x + 9 = 0 . Its roots are , .
α β
Alternatively : If α , β are root of the equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0 .
1 1
Then the equation whose roots are , will be cx 2 + bx + a = 0 .
α β
Hence, equation will be x 2 + 6 x + 9 = 0 .
3 7 1 1 α + β −3 / 4 3
20. Ans. (b), Let α + β = − and αβ = . ∴ + = = =− .
4 4 α β αβ 7/4 7
21. Ans. (a), Clearly p, q are roots of equation 3 x 2 = 5 x + 2
5 2
⇒ 3x 2 − 5 x − 2 = 0 ∴ p + q = , pq = − .
3 3
5
Now, S = ( 3 p − 2q ) + ( 3q − 2 p ) = p + q =
3
P = ( 3 p − 2q )( 3q − 2 p ) = 9 pq − 6 ( p 2 + q 2 ) + 4 pq
2  2  25 4  26  37  100
= 13 pq − 6 ( p + q ) − 2 pq  = 13  −  − 6  +  = − − 6   = − .
   3  9 3 3 9 3
5 100
Hence, required equation is x 2 − x − =0 ⇒ 3 x 2 − 5 x − 100 = 0 .
3 3
1
22. Ans. (a), Given, x + = 5 .
x
3
1  1 1 1 ∵ a3 + b3 = ( a + b )3 − 3 ( a + b ) 
We know that, x3 + =  x +  − 3 x.  x +  = 53 − 3 × 5 = 110
3
x  x x x  
2
1  1 1 ∵ a 2 + b 2 = ( a + b )2 − 2ab 
And x 2 + =  x +  − 2.x. = 52 − 2 = 23
2
x  x x  
 1  1   1
∴  x3 + 3  − 5  x 2 + 2  +  x +  = 110 − 5 × 23 + 5 = 0 .
 x   x   x
th
) 5
23. Ans. (c), Let α , β be the roots of the given equation, then α + β = − p , αβ = q .
2
Given, α + β = α 2 + β 2 = (α + β ) − 2αβ ⇒ − p = p 2 − 2q ⇒ p 2 + p = 2q .
24. Ans. (b), x 2 + x + 1 = 0 has both imaginary roots
a b c
⇒ ax 2 + bx + c = 0 and x 2 + x + 1 = 0 will have both roots common ⇒ = = ⇒ a =b = c.
1 1 1
25. Ans. (a), Let 3α , 2α , β be the roots of the given equation.
Then 3α + 2α + β = 9 ⇒ 5α + β = 9 …(1)
( 3α )( 2α ) + ( 2α )( β ) + ( 3α )( β ) = 14 ⇒ 6α 2 + 5αβ = 14 …(2)
Also, ( 3α )( 2α ) β = −24 ⇒ 6α 2 β = −24 …(3)
From equation (1) and (2), we get 6α 2 + 5α [9 − 5α ] = 14
⇒ 6α 2 + 45α − 25α 2 = 14 ⇒ 19α 2 − 45α + 14 = 0 ⇒ 19α 2 − 38α − 7α + 14 = 0
7
⇒ (19α − 7 )(α − 2 ) = 0 ⇒ α = 2, .
19
7 136
∴ β = 9 − 5α = 9 − 10 = −1 and 9 − 5 × = . Hence roots are 3 × 2, 2 × 2 and –1 i.e., 6, 4, –1.
19 19
Alternatively : By trial method x = −1 is a root of the given equation. Other roots are 3α and 2α .
∴ 3α + 2α − 1 = 9 ⇒ α = 2 ∴ Other roots are 6 and 4.
26. Ans. (c), Given 1 + 2i is a root of the equation x 2 + bx + c = 0 ,
therefore, 1 − 2i is also its root. (Because coefficient are real).
Now, (1 + 2i ) + (1 − 2i ) = −b ⇒ b = −2 .
Also, (1 + 2i )(1 − 2i ) = c ⇒ 5 = c . Hence, ( b, c ) = ( −2, 5 ) .
27. Ans. (b), Given p and q are roots of the equation x 2 + px + q = 0 , therefore
p+q = −p ⇒ 2p + q = 0 …(1)
pq = q ⇒ q ( p − 1) = 0 ⇒ q = 0, p = 1
Form (1), q = 0, p = 0, p = 1, q = −2 . Hence, p = 0 or 1.
28. Ans. (d), Since, α , β are the roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0
b c
∴ α + β = − , αβ = . Required, equation has the roots 2 + α , 2 + β .
a a
b
Sum of roots = S = ( 2 + α ) + ( 2 + β ) = α + β + 4 = − + 4 .
a
 b  c 4a + c − 2b
Product of roots = P = ( 2 + α )( 2 + β ) = 4 + 2 (α + β ) + αβ = 4 + 2  −  + = .
 a a a
Hence, the required equation is x 2 − Sx + P = 0
 b  4a + c − 2b
i.e., x 2 −  − + 4  x + = 0 ⇒ ax 2 − ( 4a − b ) x + 4a + c − 2b = 0 .
 a  a
Alternatively : Here we have to form an equation who roots are increased by 2 to the roots of the
given equation. ⇒ On changing x to x − 2 in the given eq. we get, ax 2 − ( 4a − b ) x + 4a + c − 2b = 0 .
29. Ans. (c), Since the roots of the given equation are equal
2
∴ Its discriminant = 0 , i.e., b 2 ( c − a ) − 4ac ( b − c )( a − b ) = 0
2 2
⇒ b 2 ( c + a ) − 4abc ( a + c ) + 4a 2 c 2 = 0 ⇒ b ( c + a ) − 2ac  = 0
2ac
⇒ b ( c + a ) − 2ac = 0 ⇒ b= ⇒ a, b, c are in H.P.
a+c
Alternatively : Since A + B + C = 0
[where A = coefficient of x 2 , B = coefficient of x , C = constant term in equation]
−B − A
⇒ the roots are 1 and but roots are equal.
A
 bc − ab + ab − ac 
⇒ 1= −  ⇒ ab − ac = − [bc − ac ]
 ab − ac
2ac
or ac − ab = bc − ac ⇒ 2ac = b ( a + c ) ⇒b= ⇒ a, b, c are in H.P.
a+c
30. Ans. (a), Since, 4 is a root of x 2 + Ax + 12 = 0 . ∴ 16 + 4 A + 12 = 0 ⇒ A = −7
Also, roots of x 2 + 2 Ax + B = 0 are equal.
∴ Its discriminant = 0 , i.e., 4 A2 − 4 B = 0 ⇒ A2 = B ⇒ B = 49 .
2 2 2
31. Ans. (c), Let f ( x ) = ( x − 1) + ( x − 2 ) + ( x − 3) ∀ x ∈ R f ( x ) > 0
⇒ No value of x is possible for f ( x ) to zero.
32. Ans. (a), Clearly ax 2 + bx + c = 0 is satisfied by x = 2 [∵ 4a + 2b + c = 0]
⇒ One real root is 2. ∴ Other root is also real.
33. Ans. (b), Since, the product of the roots = −1
2m − 1 1
⇒ = −1 ⇒ 2m − 1 = −m ⇒ 3m = 1 ⇒ m = .
m 3
3 27
34. Ans. (b), α , β are roots of 8 x 2 − 3 x + 27 = 0 ⇒ α + β = , αβ =
8 8
(α )
3 1/3
+ (β 3 )
1/3 1/3 1/3
α2   β2  α +β 3/8 3/8 1
∴   +  = 1/3
= 1/3
= 1/3
= = .
 β  α  (αβ ) (αβ ) ( 27 / 8) 3 / 2 4
35. Ans. (d), Given equation is ( x − 1)( 7 − x ) = m ⇒ 7 x − x2 − 7 + x = m ⇒ x2 − 8x + 7 + m = 0 .
Let its roots be α , 3α . Then α + 3α = 8 ⇒ α = 2 .
2
Also, 3α 2 = 7 + m ⇒ 3( 2) = 7 + m ⇒ m = 5.
36. Ans. (a), Given equation is x 2 − px − q = 0 . Here, product of roots = 1 . ⇒ − q = 1 ⇒ q = −1 .
D  4b 2 − 8c 2  8c 2 − 4b 2
37. Ans. (c), min f ( x ) = − = − = = 2c 2 − b 2 .
4a  4  4
max . g ( x ) = −
D1
=−
( 4c 2 + 4b 2 )
= b2 + c 2 ⇒ 2c 2 − b 2 > b 2 + c 2 > c 2 > 2b 2 ⇒ c > b 2.
4a1 −4
2
Alternatively : f ( x ) = x 2 + 2bx + 2c 2 = ( x + b ) + 2c 2 − b 2 ≥ 2c 2 − b 2
and g ( x ) = − x 2 − 2cx + b 2 = ( b 2 + c 2 ) − ( x + c ) ≤ b 2 + c 2
2
⇒ 2c 2 − b 2 > b 2 + c 2 ⇒ c > b 2.
38. Ans. (b), Here α + β + γ = − p , but α + β = 0 (given) ⇒ γ = −p.
3 2
Put x = − p in x3 + px 2 + qx + r = 0 . ∴ ( − p ) + p ( − p ) + q ( − p ) + r = 0 ⇒ pq = r
th
) 7
x
39. Ans. (b), Required equation is obtained by replacing x by , we get, 2 x 2 − 5 x + 2 = 0
2
x2 5x x2 5x
⇒ 2. − + 2 = 0 ⇒ − +2=0 ⇒ x2 − 5x + 4 = 0 .
4 2 2 2
2
40. Ans. (d), α 3 + β 3 = (α + β ) − 3αβ  (α + β )
 
5
⇒ 44 = ( 42 − 3αβ ) ( 4 ) or 11 − 16 = −3αβ ⇒ αβ = .
3
5
Required equation is x 2 − (α + β ) x + αβ = 0 or x 2 − 4 x += 0 ⇒ 3 x 2 − 12 x + 5 = 0 .
3
1 1 16 4
41. Ans. (a), Maximum value of = = = .
( 4 x + 2 x + 1) −  4 − 16  12 3
2
 16 
42. Ans. (b), As we know, ax 2 + bx + c > 0 for all x ∈ R , iff a > 0 and D < 0
∴ x 2 + 2ax + (10 − 3a ) > 0, ∀x ∈ R
⇒ D<0 ⇒ 4a 2 − 4 (10 − 3a ) < 0 + − +
−5 2
⇒ 4 ( a 2 + 3a − 10 ) < 0 ⇒ ( a + 5 )( a − 2 ) < 0 .
Using number line rule a ∈ ( −5, 2 ) .

43. Ans. (d), We know that the expression ax 2 + bx + c > 0 for all x , is true
if a > 0 and D < 0
(a − 1) x 2 + 2 ( a − 1) x + 2 is positive for all x , if a 2 − 1 > 0 and 4 ( a − 1) − 8 ( a 2 − 1) < 0
2 2
∴
⇒ a 2 − 1 > 0 and −4 ( a − 1)( a + 3) < 0

⇒ a 2 − 1 > 0 and ( a − 1)( a + 3) > 0
⇒ ( a 2 > 1) and ( a < −3 or a > 1) ⇒ a < −3 or a > 1 .
44. Ans. (d), Since, quadratic equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0 has three distinct roots. So, it must be an identity.
So, a = b = c = 0 .
45. Ans. (c); we know that ax 2 + 2hxy + by 2 + 2 gx + 2 fy + c = 0 is factor sable
if abc + 2 fgh − af 2 − bg 2 − ch 2 = 0
As x 2 + 2 x + 2 xy + my − 3 has two linear factor
2
m m
Hence 1 ⋅ 0 ⋅ ( −3) + 2 ⋅ ⋅1 ⋅1 − 1  − 0 ⋅12 − ( −3) ⋅12 = 0
2 2
m2
⇒ m− + 3 = 0 ⇒ m 2 − 4m − 12 = 0 ⇒ m = 6, − 2
n
46. Ans. (a), If ( x + 1) is a factor of x 4 − ( p − 3) x 3 − ( 3 p − 5 ) x 2 + ( 2 p − 7 ) x + 6 , then by putting x = −1 ,
we get, 1 + ( p − 3) − ( 3 p − 5) − ( 2 p − 7 ) + 6 = 0 ⇒ −4 p = −16 ⇒ p =4.
47. Ans. (d), Given that, x 2 − 3 x + 2 be a factor of x 4 − px 2 + q = 0 …(1)
⇒ ( x 2 − 3x + 2 ) = 0 ⇒ ( x − 2 )( x − 1) = 0 ⇒ x = 2, 1 .
On putting these values in Eq. (1), we get, 4 p − q − 16 = 0 …(2)
and p − q − 1 = 0 …(3)
On solving equations (2) and (3), we get, p = 5 and q = 4 ⇒ ( p, q ) = ( 5, 4 ) .
48. Ans. (d), Since, f (1) + f ( 2 ) + f ( 3) = 0 ⇒ f (1) , f ( 2 ) , f ( 3) all cannot be of the same sign.
Hence, atleast two must be of opposite sign. Case I If f (1) and f ( 2 ) are of opposite sign, then
according to Intermediate Value theorem, one root will lie in the interval (1, 2 ) .
And if one root is real then other root is also real
Similarly, for all other cases the roots will be real and distinct.
49. Ans. (c); The given equations are qx 2 + px + q = 0 …(1)
and x 2 − 4qx + p 2 = 0 …(2)
Since, root of the eq. (1) are complex, therefore p 2 − 4q 2 < 0 .
Now, discriminant of eq. (2) is 16q 2 − 4 p 2 = −4 ( p 2 − 4q 2 ) > 0 .
Hence, roots are real and unequal.
50. Ans. (b); Three distinct roots as the equation possible only when it is identify
i.e., when all of the coefficient are equal to zero.
i.e., a 2 − 3a + 2 = 0 ⇒ a 2 − a − 2a + 2 = 0
⇒ a ( a − 1) − 2 ( a − 1) = 0 ⇒ ( a − 1)( a − 2 ) = 0 ⇒ a = 1, 2
Now, a 2 − 5a + 6 = 0 ⇒ a 2 − 2a − 3a + 6 = 0
⇒ a ( a − 2) − 3 ( a − 2) = 0 ⇒ ( a − 2 )( a − 3) = 0 ⇒ a = 2, 3
and a − 2 − r = 0 ⇒ r = a − 2 .
When a = 2, r = 0 . When a = 1, r = −1 . When a = 3, r = 1 . Hence a + r may be 0, 2, 4 .
51. Ans. (c), Since, α and β are the roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0 .
b c
Then, α + β = − and αβ = . Let the roots of cx 2 + bx + a = 0 be α ′, β ′ ,
a a
b a
then α ′ + β ′ = − …(1) and α ′β ′ = …(2)
c c
b
−
α +β −b α β b 1 1 b
Now, = a = ⇒ + =− ⇒ + = − = α ′ + β ′ [From (1)]
αβ c c αβ αβ c β α x
a
1 1
Hence, α ′ = and β ′ = .
α β
52. Ans. (c), We have, ( a + 1) x 2 + ( 2a + 3) x + ( 3a + 4 ) = 0 .
Let α and β be the roots of the equation. According to the given condition αβ = 2 .
3a + 4 2a + 3 −4 + 3
⇒ =2 ⇒ 3a + 4 = 2a + 2 ⇒ a = −2 ; α + β = − =− = −1 .
a +1 a +1 −2 + 1
53. Ans. (a), Let α and β are the roots of the equation x 2 − bx + c = 0 .
2
⇒ α + β = b and αβ = c ∴ α − β = (α + β ) − 4αβ ⇒ 1 = b 2 − 4c ⇒ b 2 − 4c − 1 = 0 .
54. Ans. (d), The given condition suggest that a lies between the roots.
Let f ( x ) = 2 x 2 − 2 ( 2a + 1) x + a ( a + 1) .
th
) 9
For a to lie between the roots we must have, Discriminant ≥ 0 and f ( a ) < 0 .
2  1
Now, Discriminant ≥ 0 ⇒ 4 ( 2a + 1) − 8a ( a + 1) ≥ 0 ⇒ 8  a2 + a +  ≥ 0 ,
 2
2
 1 1 1  1  1
8  a 2 + 2. a + +  ≥ 0 ⇒ 8  a +  +  ≥ 0 , which is always true.
 2 4 4  2  4 
Also, f ( a ) < 0 ⇒ 2a 2 − 2a ( 2a + 1) + a ( a + 1) < 0 ⇒ − a 2 − a < 0
⇒ a2 + a > 0 ⇒ a (1 + a ) > 0 ⇒ a > 0 or a < −1 .
55. Ans. (a), − x 2 + ax + a = 0 ⇒ x 2 − ax − a = 0 .
Let f ( x ) = x 2 − ax − a , f (1) < 0
1
1
⇒ 1− a − a < 0 ⇒ 1 < 2a ⇒a> .
2
Ans. (b); [ x ] − [ x ] − 2 = 0 ∵ [ x + 0] = [ x ] + [ 0]
2
56.
⇒ ([ x ] − 2 ) ([ x ] + 1) = 0 ⇒ [ x ] = 2, − 1 ⇒ x ∈ [ −1, 0 ) ∪ [ 2, 3) .
57. Ans. (d), Let α , β are the roots of the equation x 2 − ax + b = 0 .

α +β =a …(1) and αβ = b …(2).
Roots are prime numbers, so clearly b cannot be a prime number as it is product of two prime
numbers [from Eq. (2)].
Sum of two prime numbers is always an even number except in one situation when one prime number
is 2. ‘ a ’ can be a prime number and can be composite number.
Now, 1 + a + b = 1 + αβ + α + β = (1 + α )(1 + β )
(1 + α ) , (1 + β ) can be prime numbers, can be composite numbers, so 1 + a + b is not certain.
So, option (d) is correct.
58. Ans. (c), Since, α and β be the roots of the equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0 ,
b c
then α + β = − and αβ = .
a a
Now, sum of roots = α + β = −α − β [∵ β < α < 0]
 b b
= − (α + β ) = −  −  = ∵ α + β > 0 
 c a
c
and product of roots = α β = .
a
b c
Hence, required equation is x 2 − x+ =0 ⇒ a x2 − b x + c = 0 .
a a
59. Ans. (b), Since, α and β be the roots of the equation x 2 + α x + β = 0 ,
therefore α + β = − α and αβ = β . From second relation β ≠ 0 .
∴ α = 1 ∴ 1 + β = −1 ⇒ β = −2 . Hence, α = 1 and β = −2 .
60. Ans. (a), The given equation is 2 (1 + i ) x 2 − 4 ( 2 − i ) x − 5 − 3i = 0
2
4 ( 2 − i ) ± 16 ( 2 − i ) + 8 (1 + i )( 5 + 3i )
⇒ x=
4 (1 + i )
)
i 4−i −1 − i 3 − 5i
⇒ x=− or ⇒ x= or .
1+ i 1+ i 2 2
−1 − i 1 1 1 3 − 5i 9 25 17
Now, = + = and = + = .
2 4 4 2 2 4 4 2
17 1 3 − 5i
Also, > . Hence, required root is .
2 2 2
2
61. Ans. (c), We have, ax 2 − bx ( x − 1) + c ( x − 1) = 0 …(1)
2
2  x   x 
Dividing both side by ( x − 1) ⇒ a  + b +c = 0.
 1− x   1− x 
Also, α and β be the roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0 .
x x
∴ α= …(2) and β = …(3)
1− x 1− x
From (2), α − xα = x ⇒ α = x (1 + α ) .
α β
From (3), β − xβ = x ⇒ β = x (1 + β ) ⇒ x= , x= .
α +1 β +1
α β
Hence, and are the required roots.
α +1 β +1
62. Ans. (a), Since, α and β are the roots of the equation x 2 + px + q = 0 ,
therefore α + β = − p and αβ = q .
Now, (ωα + ω 2 β )(ω 2α + ωβ ) = α 2 + β 2 + (ω 4 + ω 2 ) αβ ∵ ω 3 = 1
= α 2 + β 2 − αβ ∵ ω + ω 2 = −1
2
= (α + β ) − 3αβ = p 2 − 3q …(1)
α 2 β 2 α 3 + β 3 (α + β ) − 3αβ (α + β ) p ( 3q − p )
3 2
Also, + = = = …(2)
β α αβ αβ q
From (1) and (2), The given expression =

( p − 3q ) = − q .
2
p ( 3q − p ) 2
p
q
3 3
63. Ans. (d) We have, x3 − 3 x 2 + 3 x + 7 = 0 ⇒ ( x − 1) + 8 = 0 ⇒ ( x − 1) = −8
⇒ x − 1 = −2, − 2ω , − 2ω 2 ⇒ x = −1, 1 − 2ω , 1 − 2ω 2
Let α = −1, β = 1 − 2ω and γ = 1 − 2ω 2
Then, α − 1 = −2, β − 1 = −2ω and γ − 1 = −2ω 2
α −1 β −1 γ −1 2 2ω 2ω 2 1 1 2 + ω3 3 ω 2
∴ + + = + 2+ = + + ω2 = = × 2 = 3ω 2 = 3ω 2 ∵ ω 3 = 1
β − 1 γ − 1 α − 1 2ω 2ω 2 ω ω ω ω ω
64. Ans. (a), Correct equation is x 2 − 11x + q = 0 …(i)
2
Incorrect equation is x − 10 x + q = 0 …(ii)
Given roots of Eq. (ii) are 4 and 6.
∴ Product of roots of the incorrect equations is 4 × 6 i.e., q = 4 × 6 = 24
th
) 11
From Eq. (i), correct equation is x 2 − 11x + 24 = 0
∴ x = 3, 8 i.e., α = 3, β = 8 ∴ α 4 + β 4 = 34 + 84 = 81 = 4096 = 4177
65. Ans. (b), Let the quadratic equation be x 2 + bx + c = 0.
It is given that b = 16. When b = 19 the roots are −15 and −4.
∴ Product of roots = c ⇒ − 15 × −4 = c ⇒ c = 60.
Thus, the quadratic equation is x 2 + 16 x + 60 = 0 ⇒ x = −10, − 6.
Hence, roots are –10 and –6.
66. Ans. (b), Let the correct equation is ax 2 + bx + c = 0 ,
b c
then α + β = − …(1) and αβ = …(2)
a a
When b is written incorrectly, then the roots are equal.
c
Let these are γ and γ . ∴ γ .γ = ⇒ γ 2 = αβ …(3)
a
When c is written incorrectly, then the roots are γ and 2γ .
b b
∴ γ + 2γ = − ⇒ 3γ = − ⇒ 3γ = α + β [From (1)]
a a
2 2 2
∴ 9γ 2 = (α + β ) ⇒ 9αβ = (α − β ) + 4αβ [From (3)] ∴ (α − β ) = 5αβ .
67. Ans. (d), Let the roots of x 2 − 6 x + a = 0 are α , 4 β and that of x 2 − cx + 6 = 0 are α and 3β .
∴ α + 4 β = 6 and 4αβ = a .
Also, α + 3β = c and 3αβ = 6 ⇒ αβ = 2 ⇒ a =8 ∴ x2 − 6x + 8 = 0
⇒ x2 − 2x − 4 x + 8 = 0 ⇒ x ( x − 2) − 4 ( x − 2) = 0 ⇒ ( x − 2 )( x − 4 ) = 0
⇒ x = 2, 4 and x 2 − cx + 6 = 0 .
Put x = 2 we get ( x − 2 )( x − 4 ) = 0 ⇒ 2 2 − 2c + 6 = 0 ⇒ c=5
∴ x2 − 5x + 6 = 0 ⇒ x = 2, 3 . Hence, common root is 2.
68. Ans. (b), Since, α 2 = 5α − 3 ⇒ α 2 − 5α + 3 = 0
and β 2 = 5β − 3 ⇒ β 2 − 5β + 3 = 0 .
These two equations shows that α and β are the roots the equation x 2 − 5 x + 3 = 0 .
And α + β = 5 & αβ = 3 .
2
α β α 2 + β 2 (α + β ) − 2αβ 25 − 6 19 α β
Now, + = = = = and . = 1
β α αβ αβ 3 3 β α
α β  α β
∴ Required equation is x 2 −  +  x + . = 0
β α  β α
19
⇒ x 2 − x + 1 = 0 ⇒ 3 x 2 − 19 x + 3 = 0 .
3
69. Ans. (a), If one root of a quadratic equation with rational coefficients is irrational and of the form
α + β , then the other root must also be irrational and of the for, α − β .
70. Ans. (c), Roots of x 2 − 8 x + ( a 2 − 6a ) = 0 are real.
So, D ≥ 0 ⇒ 64 − 4 ( a 2 − 6a ) ≥ 0 ⇒ 16 − a 2 + 6a ≥ 0 + ve −ve + ve
2 8
2
⇒ a − 6a − 16 ≤ 0 ⇒ ( a − 8 )( a + 2 ) < 0 ∴ −2 ≤ a ≤ 8 .
71. Ans. (c), Given expression x 2 + 2 x + 2 xy + my − 3 can be written as x 2 + 2 x (1 + y ) + ( my − 3) .
But factors are rational, so B 2 − 4 AC is perfect square.
{ 2
Now, 4 (1 + y ) − ( my − 3) } ⇒ 4 { y 2 + 1 + 2 y − my + 3} ⇒ y 2 + 2 y − my + 4 .
Hence, 2 y − my = ±4 y {as it is perfect square} ⇒ 2 y − my = 4 y ⇒ m = −2 .

Now taking (–) sign, we get, 2 y − my = −4 y ⇒ m=6
72. Ans. (b), B 2 − 4 AC > 0 ⇒ 0 − 4ab > 0 ⇒ ab < 0 .
73. Ans. (c), As given, if α , β are the roots, then α + β = p and αβ = 8
2 2
∴ (α + β ) − (α − β ) = 4αβ ⇒ p 2 − 22 = 4 ( 8 ) ⇒ p 2 = 36 ⇒ p = ±6 .
74. Ans. (b), Since, α , β are the roots of the equation 2 x 2 − 35 x + 2 = 0 . Also αβ = 1
−2 −2
∴ 2α 2 − 35α = −2 or 2α − 35 = ; 2 β − 35β = −2 or 2 β − 35 = .
α β
3 3
2  −2   −2 
3 8.8 64
Now, ( 2α − 35 ) ( 2 β − 35 ) =     = 3 3 = = 64 .
α  β  α β 1
75. Ans. (b), Let roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0 are α and β then
b c
α +β =− and αβ = …(1)
a a
then roots of 2 x 2 + 8 x + 2 = 0 are (α − 1) and ( β − 1) then
8 b
α − 1 + β − 1 = − = −4 ⇒ α + β = −2 ⇒ − = −2 (From (1))
2 a
2
∴ b = 2a and (α − 1)( β − 1) =
2
c b
⇒ αβ − α − β + 1 = 1 ⇒ αβ = α + β
=− ⇒ ∴ b = −c .
a a
α 2 2β
76. Ans. (a), Let roots are α , β , so = ⇒α =
β 3 3
m 2β m 5β m
∴ α +β = ⇒ +β = ⇒ = …(1)
12 3 12 3 12
5 2β 5 5 5
and αβ = ⇒ .β = ⇒ β2 = ⇒β= .
12 3 12 8 8
5 5 m
Put the value of β in equation (1), . = ⇒ m = 5 10 .
3 8 12
77. Ans. (d), a + b = 3, ab = 1 and − p = a − 2 + b − 2, q = ( a − 2 )( b − 2 )
⇒ − p = a + b − 4, q = ab − 2 ( a + b ) + 4
⇒ − p = 3 − 4 and q = 1 − 2 ( 3) + 4 ⇒ p = 1, q = −1 ⇒ ( p, q ) = (1, − 1) .
Ans. (c), Clearly y = 3 satisfies the equation ( y 2 − 7 ) = 7 − y

2
78.
Hence correct choice is (c)
⇒ ( y2 − 7) = 7 − y
2
Alternative : Let y = 7 + 7 − y ⇒ y 4 − 14 y 2 + y + 42 = 0
th
⇒ ( y − 3) ( y 3 + 3 y 2 − 5 y − 14 ) = 0 ∴ y = 3 .
4 4 4
79. Ans. (c), Given equation is, ( 3 − x ) + ( 2 − x ) = ( 5 − 2 x ) …(1)
4
Let a = 3 − x and b = 2 − x Equation (1) becomes a 4 + b 4 = ( a + b )
⇒ a 4 + b 4 = a 4 + b 4 + 4a 3b + 6a 2b 2 + 4ab3 ⇒ 2ab ( 2a 2 + 3ab + 2b 2 ) = 0
∴ a=0 ⇒ 3− x = 0 ⇒ x = 3; b = 0 ⇒ 2− x = 0 ⇒ x=2
2
a a a −3 ± 9 − 16
and 2a 2 + 3ab + 2b 2 = 0 ⇒ 2   + 3  + 2 = 0 ⇒ =
b b b 4
3 − x −3 ± i 7 3 − x ( −3 + 7 ) − 7 ± i 7 3− x −7 ± i 7
⇒ = ⇒ = ⇒ −1 =
2− x 4 2− x 4 2− x 4
1 −7 ± i 7 4 4 −18 ± 2i 7
⇒ = ⇒ 2− x = ⇒ x = 2− ⇒ x=
2− x 4 −7 ± i 7 −7 ± i 7 −7 ± i 7
Taking ‘ + ’ sign, x =
( −18 + 2i 7 )( −7 − i 7 ) = 140 + 4i 7
( −7 + i 7 )( −7 − i 7 ) 56
35 + i 7 35 − i 7
∴ x= . Taking ‘ − ’ sign, x = .
14 14
35 ± i 7
Hence, roots of equation (1) are 2, 3, i.e., Two real and two imaginary.
14
80. Ans. (c), c > 0 ⇒ a > 0 . If f ( x ) = 3ax 2 + 4bx + c
∵ D < 0 ⇒ 3ax 2 + 4bx + c is always +ve for all x ∵ C is +ve.
2
∴ f ( x ) > 0 or 3ax 2 + 4bx + c > 0, ∀x ∈ R . ∴ 3a ( −1) + 4b ( −1) + c > 0 ⇒ 3a + c > 4b
81. ( ) (
Ans. (b), Given equation is 5 + 2 x 2 − 4 + 5 x + 8 + 2 5 = 0 . )
Hence, x1 + x2 =
4+ 5
and x1 x2 =
8+2 5 2 4+ 5
= .
( )
5+ 2 5+ 2 5+ 2
Harmonic mean = 2 ⋅ 2
(4 + 5 ) × 5 +
2
= 4.
5+ 2 4+ 5
82. Ans. (d), The given condition suggest that a lies between the roots.
Let f ( x ) = 2 x 2 − 2 ( 2a + 1) x + a ( a + 1) . For ‘ a ’ to lie between the roots we must have f ( a ) < 0
⇒ 2a 2 − 2a ( 2a + 1) + a ( a + 1) < 0
⇒ −a 2 − a < 0 ⇒ a 2 + a > 0 + ve −1 −ve + ve
0
⇒ a (1 + a ) > 0 ⇒ a > 0 or a < −1 .
83. Ans. (c), α + β = λ − 3 , αβ = −λ
2 2 2
∴ α 2 + β 2 = (α + β ) − 2αβ = ( λ − 3) + 2λ = λ 2 − 4λ + 9 = ( λ − 2 ) + 5
(α 2
+ β 2 ) is minimum when λ − 2 = 0 i.e., λ = 2 .
84. Ans. (c), Let the roots are α and 3α
)
−b b c c b2
∴ α + 3α = ⇒α =− and α .3α = ⇒ = 3. 2
⇒ 16ac = 3b 2 .
a 4a a a 16a
85. Ans. (a), Let the roots are α and 2α
1 − 3a 1 − 3a
⇒ α + 2α = ⇒α = ...(1)
3 ( a − 5a + 3 )
2
a − 5a + 3 2
2 1
and α .2α = 2
⇒ α2 = 2
...(2)
a − 5a + 3 a − 5a + 3
 2 
From (1) and (2), we get, 
1 (1 − 3a )
= 1
∵∵ a 2 − 5a + 3 ≠ 0 
 9 ( a 2 − 5a + 3 )  a − 5a + 3
2 2
 
2
⇒
(1 − 3a ) =9 ⇒ 9a 2 − 6a + 1 = 9a 2 − 45a + 27 ⇒ 39a = 26 ⇒a=
2
.
(a 2
− 5a + 3 ) 3
86. Ans. (a), Given equation is x 4 − 2 x3 + x − 380 = 0 .

Using remainder theorem we get ( x − 5 )( x + 4 ) ( x 2 − x + 19 ) = 0
1 ± 5 −3
⇒ x − 5 = 0, x − 4 = 0 and x 2 − x + 19 = 0 ⇒ x = 5, x = −4 and x = .
2
87. Ans. (a), According to given condition, 4a 2 − 4 (10 − 3a ) < 0
⇒ a 2 + 3a − 10 < 0 ⇒ ( a + 5 )( a − 2 ) < 0 ⇒ −5 < a < 2 .
88. Ans. (c), We have x 2 + px + (1 − p ) = 0 …(1)
⇒ (1 − p ) [1 − p + p + 1] = 0, p = 1
2
⇒ (1 − p ) + p (1 − p ) + (1 − p ) = 0
Put p = 1 in equation (1), x 2 + x = 0 ⇒ x ( x + 1) = 0 , i.e., x = 0, − 1 .
89. Ans. (c), Put x = 4 in x 2 + px + 12 = 0 , we get, p = −7 .
Now, second equation x 2 + px + q = 0 have equal roots. Therefore, p 2 = 4q [∵ Discriminant = 0 ]
49
⇒ q= .
4
2
90. Ans. (c), ∵ x 2 − 2mx + m 2 − 1 = 0 ⇒ ( x − m) = 1 ∴ x − m = ±1 or x = m − 1, m + 1 .
According to question m − 1 > −2 and m + 1 > −2
⇒ m > −1 and m > −3 ⇒ m > −1 …(1)
⇒ m − 1 < 4 and m + 1 < 4 ⇒ m < 5 and m < 3 ⇒ m<3 …(2)
From equation (1) and (2), we get, −1 < m < 3 .
91. Ans. (a), α + β = −a, αβ = 1
2 2
α −β < 5 ⇒ (α − β ) < 5 ⇒ (α + β ) − 4αβ  < 5
 
⇒ a2 − 4 < 5 ⇒ a2 − 9 < 0 ⇒ ( a − 3)( a + 3) < 0 ⇒ a ∈ ( −3, 3)
92. Ans. (a), Let f ( x ) = x 7 + 14 x5 + 16 x3 + 30 x − 560
∴ f ′ ( x ) = 7 x 6 + 70 x 4 + 48 x 2 + 30 > 0 ∀ x ∈ R ⇒ f ( x ) is an increasing function ∀ x ∈ R .
∴ Number of real solutions = 1 .
93. Ans. (c), Let f ( x ) = x 2 − 8kx + 16 ( k 2 − k + 1)
th
∴ D>0 ⇒ 64k 2 − 4.16 ( k 2 − k + 1) > 0 ⇒ 64k > 64 ⇒ k >1 …(1)

−b 8k
⇒ >4 ⇒ >4 ⇒ k >1 …(2)
2a 2
and f ( 4 ) ≥ 0 ⇒ 16 − 32k + 16 ( k 2 − k + 1) ≥ 0
⇒ k 2 − 3k + 2 ≥ 0 ⇒ ( k − 1)( k − 2 ) ≥ 0
⇒ k ≤ 1 or k ≥ 2 …(3)
x
From (1), (2) and (3), we get k ≥ 2 . ∴ kmin = 2 . 4
94. Ans. (d), Roots of bx 2 + cx + a = 0 are imaginary. ∴ c 2 − 4ab < 0 ⇒ −c 2 > −4ab …(1)
Let f ( x ) = 3b x + 6bcx + 2c .
2 2 2
Since, 3b 2 > 0 and D = ( 6bc ) − 4 ( 3b 2 )( 2c 2 ) = 12b 2 c 2 .

2
D 12b 2 c 2
∴ Minimum value of f ( x ) = − =− = −c 2 > −4ab .
4a 4 ( 3b )
2
95. Ans. (b), It is given that x 2 + x + 1 is a factor of ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d .

Therefore, roots of x 2 + x + 1 = 0 are also the roots of the equation ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d = 0 .
But x 2 + x + 1 = 0 has its roots as ω and ω 2 .
So, two imaginary roots of ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d = 0 are ω and ω 2 .
3 d d
Let the third real root be α . Then, ωω 2α = ( −1) ⇒α =−
a a
d
Hence, the real root of ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d = 0 is − .
a
96. Ans. (a), The quadratic equation whose roots are reciprocal of the roots of the equation
1
ax 2 + bx + c = 0 is obtained by replacing x by .
x
a b
Thus, the required equation is 2 + + c = 0 or cx 2 + bx + a = 0 .
x x
97. Ans. (b), The equation whose roots are reciprocals of the roots of the given equation is given by
1 p q
3
− 2 + − r = 0 ⇒ rx 3 − qx 2 + px − 1 = 0 ...(i)
x x x
Since the roots of the given equation are in H.P.
Therefore, the roots of equation (i) are in A.P. Let its roots be a − d , a and a + d .
 q q q
Then, ( a − d ) + a + ( a + d ) = −  −  ⇒ 3a = ⇒a=
 r r 3r
Since a is a root of equation (i). ∴ ra 3 − qa 2 + pa − 1 = 0
3 2
 q  q  q q3 q3 pq
⇒ r   − q   + p   −1 = 0 ⇒ 2
− 2+ −1 = 0
 3r   3r   3r  27 r 9r 3r
⇒ q 3 − 3q 3 + 9 pqr − 27 r 2 = 0 ⇒ 27 r 2 − 9 pqr + 2q 3 = 0
98. Ans. (b), The given equation can be written as, 3x 2 − 2 ( a + b + c ) x + ( ab + bc + ca ) = 0
2
The roots of this equation will be equal if 4 ( a + b + c ) − 12 ( ab + bc + ca ) = 0
⇒ a 2 + b 2 + c 2 − ab − bc − ca = 0 ⇒ ( a + bω + cω 2 )( a + bω 2 + cω ) = 0
[∵ a 2 + b 2 + c 2 − ab − bc − ca = ( a + bω + ω 2 )( a + bω 2 + cω ) ]
⇒ a + bω + cω 2 = 0 or a + bω 2 + cω = 0
2 2
99. Ans. (d), The discriminant D of the given equation is, D = 25 ( p + q ) + 8 ( p − q ) + 4r ( p − q )
Clearly, its sign cannot be determined. As 4r ( p − q ) can be large –ve number.
So, nothing can be said about the nature of roots.
100. Ans. (b), Since a and b are the roots of the equation x 2 + ax + b = 0 .
∴ a + b = −a and ab = b
Now, ab = b ⇒ ( a − 1) b = 0 ⇒ a =1 [∵ b ≠ 0]
Putting a = 1 in a + b = −a, we get b = −2 .
Since, y = x 2 + ax + b is a parabola opening upward. Because coefficient of x 2 is +ve.
D  D  a 2 − 4b 9
So, ymin = −  Using : ymin = − for y = ax 2 + bx + c  ⇒ ymin = − =−
4  4a  4 4
101. Ans. (c), We know that for a > 0, y = ax 2

+ bx + c has minimum value equal to −
(b 2
− 4ac )
4a
 1+ 8  9
Here, a = 2, b = 1 and c = −1 . So, the minimum value of 2 x 2 + x − 1 is −  =− .
 8  8
102. Ans. (b), Let f ( x ) = x 2 − 2 ( 4k − 1) x + 15k 2 − 2k − 7 . Then, f ( x ) > 0 for all x ∈ R .
⇒ Disc < 0 ⇒ 4 ( 4k − 1) − 4 (15k 2 − 2k − 7 ) < 0

2
+ ve − ve + ve
2 2
⇒ k − 6k + 8 < 0 ⇒ k − 4 k − 2k + 8 < 0 2 4
⇒ k ( k − 4) − 2 ( k − 4) < 0 ⇒ ( k − 4 )( k − 2 ) < 0 ⇒ 2 < k < 4
103. Ans. (b), We have, x 2 + 2ax + (10 − 3a ) > 0 for all x ⇒ D<0
⇒ 4a 2 − 4 (10 − 3a ) < 0 ⇒ a 2 + 3a − 10 < 0 + ve − ve + ve
⇒ ( a + 5 )( a − 2 ) < 0 ⇒ −5 < a < 2 −5 2
104. Ans. (d), The given condition suggests that a lies between the roots.
Let f ( x ) = 2 x 2 − 2 ( 2a + 1) x + a ( a + 1) .
Clearly, coefficient of x 2 is positive. Therefore, a lies between the roots, if Disc > 0 and f ( a ) < 0
2
Now, Disc = 4 ( 2a + 1) − 8a ( a + 1)
2
 2 1  2 1  1  1
⇒ Disc = 8  a + a +  > 0 = 8  a + 2. .a +   +  > 0
 2  2  2  4 
2 + ve − ve + ve
 1  1
= 8  a +  +  > 0 , which is true for all a ∈ R −1 0
 2  4 
and f ( a ) < 0 ⇒ 2a 2 − 2a ( 2a + 1) + a ( a + 1) < 0
⇒ −a 2 − a < 0 ⇒ a 2 + a > 0 ⇒ a ( a + 1) > 0 ⇒ a > 0 or a < −1 .
105. Ans. (b), Let f ( x ) = x 2 + 2 ( a − 3 ) x + 9
If 6 lies between the roots of f ( x ) = 0, then we must have
th
) 17
(i) Disc > 0, and (ii) f ( 6 ) < 0 [∵ Coefficient of x 2 is positive]
2
Now, Disc > 0 ⇒ 4 ( a − 3) − 36 > 0
2
⇒ ( a − 3) − 9 > 0 ⇒ a ( a − 6 ) > 0
⇒ a < 0 or a > 6 ...(i) −∞ ∞
−3 / 4 0 6
3
and, f ( 6 ) < 0 ⇒ 36 + 12 ( a − 3) + 9 < 0 ⇒ a<− ...(ii)
4
3  3
From (i) and (ii), we get a < − i.e., a ∈  −∞, −  .
4  4
106. Ans. (d), Let f ( x ) = x 2 − 3x + k . Clearly, it represents a parabola opening upward.
If roots of f ( x ) lie in the interval ( 0, 2 ) , then we must have
(i) Discriminant ≥ 0 (ii) f ( 0 ) > 0, f ( 2 ) > 0
(iii) x-coordinate of the vertex lies between 0 and 2.
Now,
9
(i) Discriminant ≥ 0 ⇒ 9 − 4k ≥ 0 ⇒ k ≤
4
(ii) f ( 0 ) > 0 and f ( 2 ) > 0 ⇒ k > 0 and k − 2 > 0 ⇒ k >2
3
(iii) The x-coordinates of the vertex is , which lies between 0 and 2.
2
So, this condition is true for all values of k .
 9 −∞ ∞
Hence, required set of values of k is  2,  . 0 2 9/4
 4
107. Ans. (c), Let f ( x ) = x 2 − 6ax + 2 − 2a + 9a 2 . Clearly, coefficient of x 2 is positive.
So, y = f ( x ) represents a parabola opening upward.
Therefore, f ( x ) = 0 will have its both roots greater than 3, if
(i) Disc ≥ 0 (ii) x-coordinate of vertex > 3
(iii) 3 lies outside the roots of f ( x ) = 0 i.e., f ( 3) > 0
Now,
(i) Disc ≥ 0 ⇒ 36a 2 − 8 + 8a − 36a 2 ≥ 0 ⇒ − 8 + 8a ≥ 0 ⇒ a ≥1 ...(i)
(ii) x-coordinate of vertex > 3
  b D 
⇒ 3a > 3 ⇒ a > 1 ...(ii) ∵ vertex of parabola  − , − 
  2a 4a  
(iii) f ( 3) > 0 ⇒ 9a 2 − 20a + 11 > 0
11
⇒ ( 9a − 11)( a − 1) > 0 ⇒ a < 1 or a > ...(iii) −∞ ∞
9 1 11/ 9
11
From (i), (ii) and (iii), we get, common portion is a > .
9
108. Ans. (c), Let f ( x ) = ( a + 1) x 2 − 3ax + 4a .
The equation f ( x ) = 0 will have roots greater than 1, iff
(i) Discriminant ≥ 0
(ii) 1 < x-coordinate of the vertex of the parabola
y = f ( x)
(iii) 1 lies outside the roots i.e., ( a + 1) f (1) > 0
Now,
(i) Discriminant ≥ 0 1 a + 1 > 0, f (1) > 0
⇒ 9a 2 − 16a ( a + 1) ≥ 0 ⇒ −7 a 2 − 16a ≥ 0 ∴ ( a + 1) f (1) > 0
16
⇒ a ( 7 a + 16 ) ≤ 0 ⇒− ≤a≤0 ...(i)
7
3a   b D 
(ii) 1 < x-coordinate of the vertex ⇒ 1 < ∵ vertex of parabola  − , − 
2 ( a + 1)   2a 4a  
a−2
⇒ >0 ⇒ a < −1 or a > 2 ...(ii)
a +1
and, ( a + 1) f (1) > 0
1
⇒ ( a + 1)( a + 1 − 3a + 4a ) > 0
⇒ ( a + 1)( 2a + 1) > 0 a + 1 > 0, f (1) < 0
∴ ( a + 1) f (1) > 0
1
⇒ a < −1 or a > − ...(iii)
2
−16  16 
From (i), (ii) and (iii), we get, ≤ a < −1 i.e., a ∈  − , − 1 .
7  7 
−3 16 −2 −1 1 1 2 3
− −
7 2
109. Ans. (d), Let f ( x ) = ( a − 3) x 2 − 2ax + 5a .
For the roots of f ( x ) = 0 to be positive, we must have,
(i) Discriminant ≥ 0
(ii) 0 < x-coordinate of vertex of the parabola y = f ( x )
(iii) 0 is outside the roots i.e., ( a − 3) f ( 0 ) > 0
Now,
(i) Discriminant ≥ 0 ⇒ 4a 2 − 20a ( a − 3) ≥ 0 ⇒ − 16a 2 + 60a ≥ 0
15
⇒ 4a ( 4a − 15) ≤ 0 ⇒ 0≤a≤ ...(i)
4
a
(ii) 0 < x-coordinate of vertex ⇒ > 0 ⇒ a < 0 or a > 3 ...(ii)
a −3
and
(iii) ( a − 3) f ( 0 ) > 0 ⇒ ( a − 3) 5a > 0 ⇒ a ( a − 3) > 0 ⇒ a < 0 or a > 3 ...(iii)
th
15  15 
From (i), (ii) and (iii), we get 3 < a ≤ , i.e., a ∈  3, 
4  4
110. Ans. (a), Let f ( x ) = x 2 − 2ax + a 2 + a − 3 .
Clearly, y = f ( x ) represents a parabola opening upward.
If roots of f ( x ) = 0 are less than 3, we must have
(i) Discriminant ≥ 0 (ii) x-coordinate of vertex of y = f ( x ) is les than 3
(iii) 3 lies outside the roots of f ( x ) = 0 i.e., f ( 3) > 0
Now,
(i) Discriminant ≥ 0 ⇒ 4a 2 − 4 ( a 2 + a − 3) ≥ 0 ⇒ − 4 ( a − 3) ≥ 0
⇒ a −3 ≤ 0 ⇒ a≤3 ...(i)
(ii) x-coordinate of vertex < 3 ⇒ a < 3 ...(ii)
(iii) f ( 3) > 0 ⇒ a 2 − 5a + 6 > 0 ⇒ ( a − 2 )( a − 3) > 0
⇒ a < 2 or a > 3 ...(iii)
From (i), (ii) and (iii), we get a < 2 .
111. Ans. (c), Let f ( x ) = x 2 + 2 ( k + 1) x + 9k − 5 .
Clearly, y = f ( x ) represents a parabola opening upward.
So, the equation f ( x ) = 0 will have both negative roots, if
(i) Discriminant ≥ 0 (ii) x-coordinate of vertex < 0
(iii) 0 lies outside the roots i.e., f ( 0 ) > 0
Now,
2
(i) Discriminant ≥ 0 ⇒ 4 ( k + 1) − 36k + 20 > 0 ⇒ k 2 − 7k + 6 ≥ 0
⇒ ( k − 1)( k − 6 ) ≥ 0 ⇒ k ≤ 1 or k ≥ 6 ...(i)
(ii) x-coordinate of vertex < 0
⇒ − ( k + 1) < 0 ⇒ k + 1 > 0 ⇒ k > −1 ...(ii)
5
and (iii) f ( 0 ) > 0 ⇒ 9k − 5 > 0 ⇒k > ...(iii)
9
From (i), (ii) and (iii), we get k ≥ 6 .
112. Ans. (c), Let α be the common root of the two equations.
Then, 2α 2 + kα − 5 = 0 and α 2 − 3α − 4 = 0
2
⇒ ( −8 + 5 ) = ( −6 − k )( −4k − 15 ) ⇒ 9 = ( k + 6 )( 4k + 15 )
27
⇒ 4k 2 + 39k + 81 = 0 ⇒ k = −3 or k = −
4
113. Ans. (d), Let α be the common root of the two equations.
Then, aα 2 + bα + c = 0 and bα 2 + cα + a = 0
⇒ ( ab − c 2 )( ac − b 2 ) = ( bc − a 2 ) ⇒ a ( a 3 + b3 + c 3 − 3abc ) = 0
2
⇒ a 3 + b3 + c3 − 3abc = 0 [∵ a ≠ 0]
⇒ ( a + b + c ) ( a + bw + cw2 )( a + bw2 + cw ) = 0
⇒ a + bw + cw2 = 0 or a + bw2 + cw = 0 [∵ a + b + c ≠ 0]
114. Ans. (d), Let λ be the common root of the given equations.
Then, λ 2 − aλ + b = 0 and λ 2 + bλ − a = 0
On subtracting, we get, λ ( a + b ) − ( a + b ) = 0 ⇒ a + b = 0 or λ = 1
Putting λ = 1 in λ 2 − aλ + b = 0, we get 1 − a + b = 0 ⇒ a − b = 1
x 2 − 3x + 4
115. Ans. (c), Let y = 2
. Then, x 2 ( y − 1) + 3x ( y + 1) + 4 ( y − 1) = 0
x + 3x + 4
This equation gives the values of x for given values of y . But y is the value when x is real.
So, the roots of this equation are real.
2 2
∴ 9 ( y + 1) − 16 ( y − 1) ≥ 0 [Using Discriminant ≥ 0 ]
1
⇒ 7 y 2 − 50 y + 7 ≤ 0 ⇒ ( 7 y − 1)( y − 7 ) ≤ 0 ⇒ ≤ y≤7
7
1
Hence, the given expression lies between and 7.
7
x 2 + 14 x + 9
116. Ans. (b), Let y = 2 . Then, x 2 ( y − 1) + 2 x ( y − 7 ) + 3 y − 9 = 0
x + 2x + 3
[∵ x is real, ∴ D ≥ 0]
2
⇒ 4 ( y − 7 ) − 4 ( y − 1)( 3 y − 9 ) ≥ 0
⇒ y 2 + y − 20 ≤ 0 ⇒ −5 ≤ y ≤ 4
117. Ans. (a), Comparing the given equation with ax 2 + 2hxy + by 2 + 2 gx + 2 fy + c = 0,
m 5
we have, a = 2, h = , b = 3, c = −2, f = − , g = 0
2 2
The given expression is resolvable into linear factors, if abc + 2 fgh − af 2 − bg 2 − ch 2 = 0
25  m2 
⇒ −12 − + 2 =0 ⇒ m 2 = 49 ⇒ m = ±7
2  4 
b
118. Ans. (b), We have α + β = −3 and αβ =
2
Since, b < 0, therefore discriminant D = 36 − 8b > 0 . So, α and β are real.
2 2
α β α 2 + β 2 (α + β ) − 2αβ (α + β ) 18 α β
Now, + = = = − 2 = − 2 ⇒ + < −2 [∵ b < 0]
β α αβ αβ αβ b β α
b
Alternatively : We have, αβ = <0 [∵ b < 0]
2
α α β  1 
∴ α and β are of opposite signs. ⇒ <0 ⇒ + < −2 ∵ x + < −2 for all x < 0, x ≠ −1
β β α  x 
119. Ans. (b), Let α , β be the roots of the given equation. Then, α + β = a − 2 and αβ = − ( a + 1) .
2 2 2
∴ α 2 + β 2 = (α + β ) − 2αβ = ( a − 2 ) + 2 ( a + 1) ⇒ α 2 + β 2 = a 2 − 2a + 6 = ( a − 1) + 5
Clearly, α 2 + β 2 ≥ 5 . So, the minimum value of α 2 + β 2 is 5 which it attains at a = 1 .
120. Ans. (b), Let f ( x ) = ax 2 + bx + c . It is given that α , β are real roots of f ( x ) = 0 .
th
So, k lies between α and β , if af ( k ) < 0 ⇒ a ( ak 2 + bk + c ) < 0 ⇒ a 2 k 2 + abk + ac < 0

121. Ans. (c), Let α be the common root of the given equations.
Then, aα 2 + 2cα + b = 0 and aα 2 + 2bα + c = 0 ⇒ 2α ( c − b ) + ( b − c ) = 0 [On subtracting]
1 1
⇒ α= [∵b ≠ c ] Putting α = in aα 2 + 2cα + b = 0, we get a + 4b + 4c = 0 .
2 2
122. Ans. (b), Let f ( x ) = x 2 − 2 ( a − 1) x + ( 2a + 1) .
Clearly y = f ( x ) represents upward opening parabola. So, f ( x ) = 0 will have both roots positive, if
(i) Discriminant ≥ 0 (ii) x-coordinate of vertex > 0
(iii) 0 lies outside of the roots i.e., f ( 0 ) > 0
Now,
2
(i) Discriminant ≥ 0 ⇒ 4 ( a − 1) − 4 ( 2a + 1) ≥ 0 ⇒ a 2 − 4a ≥ 0 ⇒ a ≤ 0 or a ≥ 4 ...(i)
(ii) x-coordinate of vertex > 0
b
⇒ ( a − 1) > 0 ⇒ a > 1 ...(ii) [∵ x coordinate of vertex = − ]
2a
(iii) f ( 0 ) > 0
1 −∞ ∞
⇒ ( 2a + 1) > 0 ⇒ a>− ...(iii) −1/ 2 0 1 4
2
From (i), (ii) and (iii), we get a ≥ 4 . Hence, the least integral value of a is 4.
1 1
123. Ans. (c), For a = 0 or a = , one of the equations becomes linear. So, a ≠ 0, a ≠ .
2 2
2
Hence, the only answer is a = .
9
2
124. Ans. (c), We have, 9 x 2 − 18 x + 5 = 0 ⇒ 9 x − 18 x + 5 = 0
1 5 1 5
⇒ ( 3 x − 1)( 3 x − 5 ) = 0 ⇒ x = or x = ⇒ x=± or x = ±
3 3 3 3
Now, log e {( x + 1)( x + 2 )} is defined, if ( x + 1)( x + 2 ) > 0 ⇒ x < −2 or x > −1
5
Clearly, x = − does not satisfy this condition. But all other values of x satisfy the above conditions.
3
Hence, the number of solutions lying in the domain of definition of the given function is 3.
125. Ans. (b), Let f ( x ) = ax 2 + bx + c .
Since 1 lies outside the roots of f ( x ) = 0 . So, af (1) > 0 ⇒ f (1) > 0 [∵ a > 0]
⇒ a+b+c > 0
126. Ans. (d), Let f ( x ) = x 2 − 4ax + 2a 2 − 3a + 5
Clearly, y = f ( x ) represents a parabola opening upward. So, its both roots will be greater than 2, if
(i) Discriminant ≥ 0 (ii) x-coordinate of vertex > 2
(iii) 2 lies outside the roots i.e., f ( 2 ) > 0
Now,
(i) Discriminant ≥ 0 ⇒ 16a 2 − 4 ( 2a 2 − 3a + 5 ) ≥ 0 ⇒ 2a 2 + 3a − 5 ≥ 0
)
5
⇒ ( 2a + 5 )( a − 1) ≥ 0 ⇒ a ≤ − or a ≥ 1 ...(i)
2
(ii) x-coordinate of vertex > 2 ⇒ 2a > 2 ⇒ a > 1 ...(ii)
(iii) f ( 2 ) > 0 ⇒ 2a 2 − 11a + 9 > 0 ⇒ ( a − 1)( 2a − 9 ) > 0
9
⇒ a < 1 or a > ...(iii)
2
−∞ ∞
9 −5 / 2 1 9/2
From (i), (ii) and (iii), we get a > .
2
127. Ans. (d), It is given that the product of roots is 31.
∴ 2e 2log k − 1 = 31 ⇒ 2k 2 − 1 = 31 ⇒ 2k 2 = 32 ⇒ k 2 = 16 ⇒ k = ±4
But, log k is defined for k > 0 . Therefore, k = 4 .
We have, Disc. = 8k 2 − 8e 2log k + 4 = 8k 2 − 8k 2 + 4 = 4 > 0 for all k . Hence, k = 4 .
128. Ans. (b), We have a ( x + 1) + b ( − x 2 − 3x − 2 ) + x + 1 = 0
2
⇒ x 2 ( a − b ) + x ( 2a − 3b + 1) + a − 2b + 1 = 0
For this to be an identity in x, we must have
a − b = 0, 2a − 3b + 1 = 0 and a − 2b + 1 = 0 ∵ ax 2 + bx + c = 0 is an identity in x, if a = b = c = 0 
⇒ a = b = 1 . Hence, there is only one pair (1, 1) .

129. Ans. (b), We have, ax 2 + 2b x − c = 0
2 −2b ± 4b2 + 4ac

⇒ a x + 2b x − c = 0 ⇒ x =
2a
−b ± b 2 + ac −b + b2 + ac
⇒ x = ⇒ x = ∵ x > 0 
a a
−b + b 2 + ac
⇒ x=± , Hence there are two real roots.
a
130. Ans. (b), We know that a ( b − c ) + b ( c − a ) + c ( a − b ) = 0
So, x = 1 is a root of the given equation.
1 1
c (a − b) −
Let α be the other root. Then, α × 1 = ⇒α = b a
a (b − c ) 1 1
−
c b
 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
⇒ α =1 ∵ a, b, c are in H.P. ∴ a , b , c are in A.P. i.e., b − a = c − b 
Thus, the given equation has equal roots each equal to 1.
131. Ans. (b), We have x 2 + ( a + b ) x + c = 0 ...(i)
Let f ( x ) = x 2 + ( a + b ) x + c
Since coefficient of x 2 is positive. So, the equation (i) will not have real roots, if
f ( x ) > 0 for all x ∈ R ⇒ f ( 0 ) f (1) > 0 and f ( 0 ) f ( −1) > 0
⇒ c (1 + a + b + c ) > 0 and c (1 − a − b + c ) > 0
th
) 23
⇒ c + c ( a + b + c ) > 0 and c − c ( a + b − c ) > 0 . Hence, option (b) is are true.
132. Ans. (b), Let f ( x ) = x 2 − ( a − 1) x + 3 and g ( x ) = x 2 + 3 x + b − a .
If f ( x ) = 0 has both positive roots, then
f ( 0 ) > 0, D > 0 and x coordinate of vertex of parabola > 0
2 a −1
f ( 0 ) > 0, ( a − 1) − 12 > 0 and >0
2
( )(
⇒ a − 1 − 2 3 a − 1 + 2 3 > 0 and a > 1 ) ⇒ a > 1+ 2 3 ...(i)
If g ( x ) = 0 has both roots negative, then

g ( 0 ) > 0, D > 0 and x coordinate of vertex of parabola < 0
3
g ( 0 ) > 0, −< 0 and 9 − 4 ( 6 − a ) > 0
2
−∞ ∞
⇒ 6 − a > 0 and 4a − 15 > 0 1− 2 3 1 1+ 2 3
15 15
⇒ a < 6 and a > ⇒ <a<6 ...(ii)
4 4
From (i) and (ii), we have
−∞ ∞
1+ 2 3 < a < 6 ⇒ a=5 [∵ a is an integer] 15 / 4 6
Thus, there is only one integral value of a .
133. Ans. (a), Let α , β be the roots of the given equation. Then, α + β = ab and αβ = − a 2
Also, Disc = a 2b 2 + 4a 2 > 0 . Thus, α , β ∈ R such that αβ < 0 .
Therefore, one of α and β is positive and other is negative.
134. Ans. (d), Let f ( x ) = x 2 − ax − a 2
Clearly, y = f ( x ) represent a parabola opening upward.
If roots of f ( x ) = 0 are greater than a, then we must have
(i) Discriminant > 0 (ii) a lies outside the roots i.e., f ( a ) > 0
(iii) abscissa of the vertex of the parabola is on the right side of point ( a, 0 ) .
Now,
Discriminant > 0 ⇒ a 2 + 4a 2 > 0 which is true for all a ∈ R .
f ( a ) > 0 ⇒ a 2 − a 2 − a 2 > 0, which is not possible for any a ∈ R .
Hence, there is no value of a for which the roots are greater than a .
135. Ans. (c), We have x 3 + 3 x 2 + 3 x + 2 = 0 ⇒ ( x + 2 ) ( x 2 + x + 1) = 0 ⇒ x = −2, ω , ω 2
It is given that ax 2 + bx + c = 0 and x 3 + 3 x 2 + 3 x + 2 = 0 have two common roots.

Therefore, ω and ω 2 are the common roots. Hence, a = b = c = 1 .
136. Ans. (b), No real roots ⇒ D < 0 ⇒ b 2 < 4ac ⇒ a and c are of same sign
But, a + c > 0 . Therefore, a and c are both positive.
Let, f ( x ) = ax 2 + bx + c . Since, f ( x ) = 0 has no real roots.
Therefore, f ( x ) > 0 for all x or f ( x ) < 0 for all x .
)
But, f ( 0 ) = c > 0 . Therefore, f ( −1) > 0 ⇒ a − b + c > 0 .
137. Ans. (c), Let each root of x 2 − px + q = 0 be equal to integer α .
Then, 2α = p and α 2 = q
⇒ p is an even integer and q is perfect square of opposite integer.
138. Ans. (d), We observe that the sum of the coefficients of the given equation is zero.
Therefore, 1 is a root of the given equation.
c (a − b)
Let α = 1 and β be the other root. Then, β × 1 =
a (b − c )
 2ac 
a−
c  a + c  = c × a − ac = c × a × ( a − c ) = 1
2
 2ac 
⇒ β = ×  ∵ b = a + c 
a  2ac − c  a ac − c 2 a c ( a − c )
 a+c 
Hence, α = β = 1 .
139. Ans. (c), We know that irrational roots (surd roots) occur in pairs in quadratic equations with rational
coefficients. Here, coefficients are irrational. So, surd roots need not occur in pairs.
1
Let α , β be the roots of the given equation. Then, α + β = −3 2 and αβ =
2
This shows that the roots are irrational and they are of the form p + q and − p + q .
2
140. Ans. (c), We have ( x − 2) −3 x −2 + 2 = 0
2
⇒ x−2 −3 x−2 +2 = 0 ⇒ ( x − 2 − 2 )( x − 2 − 1) = 0
⇒ x − 2 = 1, 2 ⇒ x − 2 = ±1, ± 2 ⇒ x = 3, 1, 4, 0
Hence, product of roots = 3 × 1× 4 × 0 = 0 .
3
141. Ans. (b), We have x − 3 x 2 + 3 x − 2 = 0
( x − 1) − 1 = 0 ⇒ ( x − 1) = 1 ⇒ x − 1 = 1 ⇒ x = 2
3 2 3 3
⇒ x −3 x +3 x −2 = 0 ⇒ ⇒ x = ±2
Hence, there are two real roots.
142. Ans. (c), Let f ( x ) = x3 − 6 x 2 + 15 x + 3 .
y
Then, f ′ ( x ) = 3 x 2 − 12 x + 15 = 3 ( x 2 − 4 x + 5 )
{ 2
}
⇒ f ′ ( x ) = 3 ( x − 2 ) + 1 > 0 for all x ∈ R (0, 3)
x
⇒ f ( x ) is strictly increasing on R .
Also, f ( 0 ) = 3 > 0 . Thus, f ( x ) > 0 for all x > 0 . Hence, f ( x ) has no positive roots.
143. Ans. (c), Since (1 − p ) is a root of the given equation.
2
∴ (1 − p ) + p (1 − p ) + (1 − p ) = 0
⇒ (1 − p ) (1 − p ) + p + 1 = 0 ⇒ 2 (1 − p ) = 0 ⇒ p =1
Substituting p = 1 in the given equation, we get, x 2 + x = 0 ⇒ x = 0, − 1
Hence, 0 and –1 are the roots of the given equation.
th
) 25
144. Ans. (c), We have, α + β + γ = 0, αβ + βγ + γα = 4 and αβγ = −1
−1 −1 −1 1 1 1
∴ (α + β ) + ( β + γ ) + (γ + α ) = + +
α + β β +γ γ +α
1 1  αβ + βγ + γα  −4
1
=− − −
= − = =4
γ α β  αβγ  −1
145. Ans. (b), Let α , β , γ be the roots of the given equation such that α + β = 0 .
Then, Sum of the roots = − p ⇒ α + β +γ = −p ⇒ γ = −p
But, γ is a root of the given equation.
∴ γ 3 + pγ 2 + qγ + r = 0 ⇒ − p 3 + p 3 − pq + r = 0 ⇒ pq = r
146. Ans. (c), Let α , β be the roots of the equation x 2 + ax + 1 = 0 .
 D
Then, α + β = − a and αβ = 1 . Now, α − β < 5  As αβ = 
 a 
⇒ a2 − 4 < 5 ⇒ a2 − 9 < 0 ⇒ −3< a < 3
3 x 2 + 9 x + 17
147. Ans. (b), Let y = .
3x 2 + 9 x + 7
Then, 3x 2 ( y − 1) + 9 x ( y − 1) + 7 y − 17 = 0
2
Since x is real. ( D ≥ 0) ∴ 81( y − 1) − 12 ( y − 1)( 7 y − 17 ) ≥ 0 + ve − ve + ve
⇒ −3 ( y − 1)( y − 41) ≥ 0 ⇒ ( y − 1)( y − 41) ≤ 0 ⇒ 1 ≤ y ≤ 41 1 41
Hence, the maximum value of y is 41.
x2 + 2x + 4
148. Ans. (c), Let y = . Then, x 2 + x ( 2 − y ) + 2 ( 2 − y ) = 0
x+2
As x is real. ( D ≥ 0) + ve − ve + ve
∴
2
(2 − y) − 8(2 − y) ≥ 0 −6 2
⇒ ( 2 − y )( 2 − y − 8) ≥ 0 ⇒ ( y − 2 )( y + 6 ) ≥ 0 ⇒ y ≤ −6 or y ≥ 2
Hence, minimum positive value of y is 2.
149. Ans. (c), We have, α + β + γ = 0 and αβγ = −1
Now, α + β + γ = 0
⇒ α 3 + β 3 + γ 3 = 3αβγ [∵ If α + β + γ = 0 then α 3 + β 3 + γ 3 = 3αβγ ]
∴ α 3 + β 3 + γ 3 = 3 × ( −1) = −3 [∵ αβγ = −1]
150. Ans. (c), Let a 2 ( a + p ) = b2 ( b + p ) = c 2 ( c + p ) = λ
⇒ a 3 + a 2 p − λ = 0, b3 + b 2 p − λ = 0 and c3 + c 2 p − λ = 0
⇒ a, b, c are roots of the equation x3 + px 2 − λ = 0 ⇒ ab + bc + ca = 0 .
151. Ans. (b), ∵ ( x − a ) is a factor of f ( x ) = x 6 − ax5 + x 4 − ax3 + 3 x + a − 2
∴ f (a) = 0 ⇒ a 6 − a ( a 5 ) + a 4 − a ( a 3 ) + 3a + a − 2 = 0
1
⇒ a 6 − a 6 + a 4 − a 4 + 4a − 2 = 0 ⇒ 4 a − 2 = 0 ⇒a=
2
152. Ans. (d), ∵ x 2 − 3x + 2 = ( x − 1)( x − 2 )
Given, x − 3 x + 2 is a factor of f ( x ) = x 4 − px 2 + q
2
so each one of ( x − 1) and ( x − 2 ) is a factor of f ( x ) .

∴ f (1) = 0 and f ( 2 ) = 0 ⇒ 1 − p + q = 0 and 16 − 4 p + q = 0
Solving these equation we get, p = 5, q = 4 .
153. Ans. (d), Given, ( x − 2 ) is a factor of a polynomials f ( x ) = x 2 + ax + b and g ( x ) = x 2 + cx + d
∴ f ( 2 ) = 0 and g ( 2 ) = 0 [By Remainder Theorem]
[Note : According to Remainder Theorem, if ( x − a ) is a factor of polynomial f ( x ) then, f ( a ) must
be equal to zero.]
2
∴ ( x − 2) is a factor of x 2 + ax + b ⇒ ( 2 ) + 2a + b = 0 ⇒ 2 a + b = −4 …(i)
2
Also, ( x − 2 ) is a factor of x 2 + cx + d ⇒ ( 2 ) + 2c + d = 0 ⇒ 2c + d = −4 …(ii)
b−d
From (i) and (ii), we get, 2a + b = 2c + d ⇒ b − d = 2(c − a) ⇒ =2
c−a
154. Ans. (a), Given, α and β are the roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0 .
∴ aα 2 + bα + c = 0 ⇒ aα 2 + bα = −c …(i)
and a β 2 + bβ + c = 0 ⇒ a β 2 + b β = −c …(ii)
Substituting these values of aα 2 + bα and a β 2 + bβ in the given expression, we get,
aα 2 + bα + 6c aβ 2 + bβ + 19c ( −c ) + 6c ( −c ) + 19c
+ = +
aβ 2 + bβ + 9c aα 2 + bα + 13c ( −c ) + 9c ( −c ) + 13c
5c 18c 5 3 17
= + = + = [Using (i) and (ii)]
8c 12c 8 2 8
155. Ans. (b), Given, 3 p 2 = 5 p + 2 ⇒ 3 p2 − 5 p − 2 = 0 ⇒ 3 p2 − 6 p + p − 2 = 0
1
⇒ 3 p ( p − 2 ) + 1( p − 2 ) = 0 ⇒ ( 3 p + 1)( p − 2 ) = 0 ⇒ p=− or p = 2
3
1
and 3q 2 = 5q + 2 ⇒ 3q 2 − 5q − 2 = 0 ⇒ q = − or q = 2 [Similar to previous equation]
3
1  1 2
Now, p ≠ q so when p = − , then q = 2 and we have, pq =  −  ( 2 ) = − .
3  3 3
156. Ans. (c), Given, the equation px 2 + 2qx + r = 0 has real roots.
2
∴ D ≥ 0 i.e. ( 2q ) − 4 pr ≥ 0 ⇒ q 2 ≥ pr
The equation px 2 − 2 pr x + q = 0 has real roots.
( )
2
∴ D ≥ 0 i.e. −2 pr − 4q 2 ≥ 0 ⇒ q 2 ≥ pr . From (i) and (ii), we get : q 2 = pr .
157. Ans. (d), Given, the equation px 2 + qx + 1 = 0 has real roots.

∴ Discriminant, D ≥ 0 ⇒ q2 − 4 p ≥ 0 ⇒ q2 ≥ 4 p
The possible values are :
p 4p q Number of possible values of ( p, q )
1 4 2, 3, 4, 5 4
2 8 3, 4, 5 3
3 12 4, 5 2
4 16 4, 5 2
5 20 5 1
Thus, the number of possible value of ( p, q ) = 4 + 3 + 2 + 2 + 1 = 12
158. Ans. (c), p, q are the roots of ax 2 − 25 x + c = 0.
25
So, we have, p+q = …(i) [Sum of the roots]
a
c
pq = …(ii) [Product of the roots]
a
Now, p 3 q 3 + p 2 q 3 + p 3 q 2 = p 2 q 2 ( pq + q + p ) = ( pq )
2
{( pq ) + ( p + q )}
2 2
 c   c   25   c  c + 25  2  c + 25 
=     +    = 2  =c  3  [Using (i) and (ii)]
 a   a   a   a  a   a 
159. Ans. (b), Given, α , β are the roots of x 2 + ( 2 − λ ) x − (1 + λ ) = 0.
∴α + β = − (2 − λ ) = λ − 2 …(i) [Sum of the roots]
and αβ = − (1 + λ ) …(ii) [Product of the roots]
Now, α 2 + β 2 = (α + β ) − 2αβ = ( λ − 2 ) + 2 (1 + λ ) = ( λ 2 − 4λ + 4 ) + 2 + 2λ
2 2
= λ 2 − 2λ + 6 = ( λ 2 − 2λ + 1) + 5 = ( λ − 1) + 5
2
∵ ( λ − 1)2 ≥ 0. ∴ Min. value of λ − 1 = 0
 
Clearly, α 2 + β 2 is minimum when λ − 1 = 0 i.e. when λ = 1.
160. Ans. (d), Given, α , β are the roots of the equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0.
b
∴α + β = − …(i) [Sum of the roots]
a
c
and αβ = …(ii) [Product of the roots]
a
 c  b  c c ( a − b )
Now, αβ 2 + α 2 β + αβ = αβ (α + β ) + αβ =   −  + = . [Using (i) and (ii)]
 a  a  a a2
161. Ans. (a), Let α and −α be the roots of ( a + 1) x 2 − ( a + 2 ) x + ( a + 3) = 0
[∵ Given, the roots are equal in magnitude but opposite in signs]
a+2
Then, α + ( −α ) = …(i) [Sum of the roots]
a +1
a+3
and α ⋅ ( −α ) = …(ii) [Product of the roots]
a +1
a+2
From (i) we get: =0 ⇒ a+2=0 ⇒ a = −2.
a +1
Putting a = −2 in (ii) we get : −α 2 = −1 ⇒ α = ±1.
a a
Thus, the roots of the given equation are 1 and –1 i.e., − and .
2 2
162. Ans. (d), Let α , β be the roots of the equation x 2 + px + 8 = 0.
Then, α + β = − p …(i) [Sum of the roots]
and αβ = 8 …(ii) [Product of the roots]
also, α − β = 2 …(iii) [Given]
2 2 2
Now, (α + β ) − 4αβ = (α − β ) ⇒ ( − p ) − 4 ( 8 ) = 22 [Using (i), (ii) and (iii)]
⇒ p 2 = 4 + 32 = 36 ⇒ p = ±6
x 2 − bx λ − 1
163. Ans. (d), = ⇒ ( λ + 1) ( x 2 − bx ) = ( λ − 1)( ax − c )
ax − c λ + 1
⇒ ( λ + 1) x 2 − {b ( λ + 1) + a ( λ − 1)} x + c ( λ − 1) = 0
If α , β are the roots of this equation, then
b ( λ + 1) + a ( λ − 1)
α +β = [Sum of the roots]
( λ + 1)
b ( λ + 1) + a ( λ − 1)
⇒ 0= ∵ α + β = 0 ( Given ) 
( λ + 1)
a −b
⇒ ( a + b) λ + (b − a ) = 0 ⇒λ= .
a+b
164. Ans. (b), Let α and β be the roots of the equation x 2 + ax + 1 = 0.
Then, α + β = − a …(i) [Sum of the roots]
and αβ = 1 …(ii) [Product of the roots]
2 2
∴ α −β = (α + β ) − 4αβ = ( −a ) − 4 (1) = a 2 − 4
Now, α − β < 5 ⇒ a2 − 4 < 5 ⇒ a2 − 4 < 5 ⇒ a2 < 9 ⇒ a ∈ ( −3, 3) .

165. Ans. (c), Let α and α + 1 be the roots of the equation x 2 − px + q = 0.
Then, α + (α + 1) = p …(i) [Sum of the roots]
and α (α + 1) = q …(ii) [Product of the roots]
1
From (i), we get, 2α + 1 = p ⇒α= ( p − 1) …(iii)
2
1 2 1
From (ii), we get, α 2 + α = q ⇒ ( p − 1) + ( p − 1) = q [Using (iii)]
4 2
1 2 1
⇒
4
( p − 2 p + 1) + ( p − 1) = q
2
⇒ p 2 = 4q + 1.
166. Ans. (d), Let α be the second root of the equation x 2 + ax + 12 = 0.

Then, 4 + α = − a …(i) [Sum of the roots]
and 4α = 12 ⇒ α = 3 …(ii) [Product of the roots]
Putting α = 3 in (i), we get, a = −7.
Now, the given second equation x 2 + ax + b = 0 becomes x 2 − 7 x + b = 0 [By putting a = −7 ]
49
∵ Given, this equation has equal roots. ∴ D = 0 ⇒ 49 − 4b = 0 ⇒b= .
4
167. Ans. (a), Given, sec θ and tan θ are the roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0 .
) 29
b b
∴ Sum of the roots = − ⇒ sec θ + tan θ = −
a a
∵ sec2 θ − tan 2 θ = 1 ⇒ ( sec θ − tan θ )( sec θ + tan θ ) = 1 ∵ a 2 − b 2 = ( a + b )( a − b ) 
1 1 a
⇒ sec θ − tan θ = = =−
sec θ + tan θ ( −b / a ) b
168. Ans. (a), Let 3 and α be the two roots of the equation x 2 + kx − 24 = 0.
Then, 3 + α = − k …(i) [Sum of the roots]
and 3α = −24 …(ii) [Product of the roots]
From (ii), we get, α = −8 . Putting α = −8 in (i), we get, k = 5 .
Now, the equation x 2 − kx + 6 = 0 is equivalent to x 2 − 5 x + 6 = 0, i.e. ( x − 2 )( x − 3) = 0
Its roots are 2 and 3. Thus, 3 is a root of the equation x 2 − 5 x + 6 = 0 also.
169. Ans. (a), Let 3α and 2α be the two roots of the equation 12 x 2 − mx + 5 = 0.
[∵ Given, the roots are in the ratio 3 : 2 ]
m
Then, 3α + 2α = …(i) [Sum of the roots]
12
5
and ( 3α )( 2α ) = …(ii) [Product of the roots]
12
5 5
From (ii), we get, α 2 = ⇒α =
72 72
5 m 5 5
Substituting α = in (i), we get, 5α = ⇒ m = 60α = 60 = 10 = 5 10
72 12 72 2
170. Ans. (d), Given, the equation ax 2 − 6 x + b = 0 has all real coefficients since a, b ∈ R.
3 7 3 7
∴ If + i is a root of this equation, then the other root is − i.
2 2 2 2
[∵ Complex roots occur in pairs and are conjugates of each other.]
3 7  3 7  6
Now,  + i  +  − i  = [Sum of the roots]
2 2  2 2  a
6
⇒ 3= ⇒ a = 2.
a
 3 7  3 7  b
Also,  + i   −  = [Product of the roots]
 2 2  2 2  a
9 49 b 29 b
⇒ + = ⇒ = ⇒ b = 29 [Using a = 2 ] ∴ a + b = 2 + 29 = 31.
4 4 2 2 2
171. Ans. (d), Let the three roots of the equation x3 − 9 x 2 + 23 x − 15 = 0 be (α − d ) , α and (α + d ) .
Then, sum of the roots = 9 ⇒ (α − d ) + α + (α + d ) = 9 ⇒ α = 3
Also, product of the roots = 15 ⇒ (α − d )(α )(α + d ) = 15 ⇒ α (α 2 − d 2 ) = 15
⇒ 3 ( 9 − d 2 ) = 15 ⇒ d2 = 4 ⇒ d = ±2 . ∴ The three roots of the given equation are 1, 3 and 5.

Clearly, the largest root of the given equation is 5.
172. Ans. (d), Let the second root of the equation x 2 + px + 12 = 0 be α .
Then, α + 4 = − p …(i) [Sum of the roots]
)
and 4α = 12 …(ii) [Product of he roots]
Solving these equations we get α = 3 and so p = −7 .
Now, the second equation is x 2 + px + q = 0
⇒ x2 − 7 x + q = 0 …(iii) [∵ p = −7]
2 49
This equation has equal roots. ∴ D = 0 ⇒ ( −7 ) − 4 q = 0 ⇒q=
4
173. Ans. (c), Given, α and β are the roots of 2 x 2 − ( p + 1) x + ( p − 1) = 0
p +1
∴ α +β = …(i) [Sum of the roots]
2
p −1
2
p −1 2 2
and (α − β ) = αβ = ∵ (α + β ) − 4αβ = (α − β )
2
2 2
 p +1  p −1   p −1 
⇒  − 4 =  [Using (i) and (ii)]
 2   2   2 
2 2
⇒ ( p + 1) − 8 ( p − 1) = ( p − 1) ⇒ p2 − 6 p + 9 = p2 − 2 p + 1 ⇒ 4 p = 8 ⇒ p = 2
174. Ans. (c), Let the two roots of the equation mx 2 − 14 x + 8 = 0 be α and 6α .
[∵ One root is 6 times the other]
14
Then, α + 6α = …(i) [Sum of the roots]
m
8
And α ⋅ 6α = …(ii) [Product of the roots]
m
14 2
From (i), we get, 7α = ⇒α =
m m
2
2 2 8
Substituting α = in (ii), we get, 6 ⋅   = ⇒ 8m 2 − 24m = 0
m m m
⇒ 8m ( m − 3) = 0 ⇒ m = 0 or m = 3 ⇒ m=3
[∵ m ≠ 0 since the given equation must be quadratic since it has two roots.]
175. Ans. (b), Let the two roots of the equation ax 2 − bx + c = 0 be α and α 2 .
b
Then, α + α 2 = …(i) [Sum of the roots]
a
c
and α ⋅ α 2 = …(ii) [Product of the roots]
a
1/ 3
c 3 c
From (ii), we get, α = ⇒α = 
a a
1/ 3 2/3
c c b
Substituting this value of α in (i), we get,   +  = …(iii)
a a a
1/ 3 2/3
c c2  c   c   c   b
3
On cubing both sides, + 2 + 3     +    = 3
a a  a   a   a   a
∵ ( a + b )3 = a3 + b3 + 3ab ( a + b ) and using (iii).

 
c c2  c  b  b
3
⇒ + 2 + 3    = 3 ⇒ ac ( a + c + 3b ) = b3 .
a a  a  a  a
176. Ans. (c), Let α and α 2 be the roots of the equation x 2 − x − k = 0 .
Then, α + α 2 = 1 …(i) [Sum of the roots]
2
and α ⋅ α = −k …(ii) [Product of the roots]
From (ii) we get, α 3 = − k ⇒ α = −k 1/ 3 .
Substituting this value of α in (i), we get, k 2 / 3 − k 1/ 3 = 1 …(iii)
⇒ ( k 2 / 3 − k 1/ 3 ) = 1 ⇒ k 2 − k − 3k ( k 2 / 3 − k 1/ 3 ) = 1 [Cubing both sides]
⇒ k 2 − k − 3k = 1 [Using (iii)]
4 ± 16 + 4
⇒ k 2 − 4k − 1 = 0 ⇒k= = 2± 5
2
m l
177. Ans. (b), We have : = ⇒ m 2 − 4nl = 0
4n m
i.e., Discriminant of the given equation is equal to 0.
9 9
Hence, the roots of the given equation are equal i.e. and .
2 2
 9  9
So, the given equation is equivalent to  x −  x −  = 0
 2  2
81
⇒ x 2 − 9 x + = 0 ⇒ 4 x 2 − 36 x + 81 = 0 . ∴ l = 4 , m = −36 , n = 81 . So, l + n = 4 + 81 = 85
4
1 1 1 a+b 1
178. Ans. (b), Given, − = ⇒ 2 =
x−a x+b x+c x − ( a − b ) x − ab x + c
⇒ ( x + c )( a + b ) = x 2 − ( a − b ) x − ab ⇒ x 2 − 2ax − ( ab + bc + ca ) = 0 …(i)
Product of the roots of this equation = − ( ab + bc + ca )
⇒ ab + bc + ca = 0 [∵ Product of the roots = 0 (given)]
−bc
⇒a= …(ii)
b+c
−2bc
Now, sum of roots of given equation = 2a = . [Using (ii)]
b+c
179. Ans. (a), Given, α , β are the roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0.
b
a
c
a
2
2 2  b c b 2 − 4ac
Now, (α − β ) = (α + β ) − 4αβ ⇒ 0 =  −  − 4  ⇒ 0= ∵ (α − β ) = 0 
 a a a2
⇒ b 2 − 4ac = 0.
Note : The result follows directly since α − β = 0 ⇒α =β
⇒ Discriminant D = 0 [as the roots are equal] ⇒ b 2 − 4ac = 0 .
180. Ans. (b), α + β = 4 and α 3 + β 3 = 44.
3 5
We have, α 3 + β 3 = (α + β ) − 3αβ (α + β ) ⇒ 44 = 43 − 3 (αβ )( 4 ) ⇒ 12 (αβ ) = 20 ⇒ αβ = .
3
Now, quadratic equation having α and β as its roots, is x 2 − (α + β ) x + (αβ ) = 0
5
i.e., x 2 − 4 x +
= 0 ⇒ 3 x 2 − 12 x + 5 = 0, which is the required equation.
3
181. Ans. (c), For an equation with real coefficients, the surd and imaginary roots always occur in pairs,
there must be at least one more imaginary root i.e. 1 − 2i and at least one more surd root i.e. 2 + 3.
Thus, the equation f ( x ) = 0 must have at least 5 roots.
Hence, the least degree of f ( x ) = 0 must be 5 i.e. the least value of n = 5.
182. Ans. (b), Given, α , β are the roots of the equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0 .
b
a
c
αβ = …(ii) [Product of the roots]
a
Now, (α + β ) , αβ are the roots of the required equation.
b c c−b
Sum of the roots, S = (α + β ) + αβ = − + = ;
a a a
 b  c  bc
Product of the roots, P = (α + β )(αβ ) =  −   = − 2
 a  a  a
∴ Required equation is x 2 − Sx + P = 0
 c−b   bc 
 x +  − 2  = 0 i.e. a x + a ( b − c ) x − bc = 0
2 2
i.e. x 2 − 
 a   a 
183. Ans. (d), The original equation is x 2 + px + q = 0 where p = 13
Let the copied equation be x 2 + p′x + q = 0 where p′ = 17 .
This equation has −2 and −15 as its roots.
∴ −2 + (15 ) = − p′ ⇒ p′ = 17 and ( −2 )( −15) = q ⇒ q = 30
Now, we have p = 13 and q = 30 .
∴ The original equation is x 2 + 13 x + 30 = 0 ⇒ ( x + 3)( x + 10 ) = 0 ⇒ x = −3 or x = −10
Hence, the roots of the original equation are −3, − 10 .
3
2 3 3 3  x
184. Ans. (b), x + 125 = 0 ⇒ x = −125 ⇒ x = −5 ⇒ −  =1
 5
x
⇒ = 1 or ω or ω 2 , where ω and ω 2 are complex cube roots of unity.
−5
⇒ x = −5 or −5ω or −5ω 2 ∴ α = −5, β = −5ω , γ = −5ω 2
2 2 2
 α   −5   1   1   1 
Now,   =   =  = 2  =ω ∵ ω 2 = ω 
 β   −5ω   ω   ω 
2 2 2
 α   −5   1  2  1 
 =  2  = (ω ) = ω
2
and   = 
γ − 5ω ω ∵ ω 2 = ω 
     
2 2
α  α 
We have, S =   +   = ω + ω 2 = −1 ∵ 1 + ω + ω 2 = 0 
β  γ 
2 2
α  α 
and P =     = ω ⋅ ω 2 = ω 3 = 1
β  γ 
2 2
α  α 
∴ Equation having   and   as its roots is, x 2 − Sx + P = 0
β  γ 
i.e. x 2 + x + 1 = 0 , which is the required equation.
185. Ans. (c), The original equation is x 2 + ax + b = 0 .
Let the equation copied by A be x 2 + ax + b′ = 0 .
The roots of this equation are 6 and 3.
∴ 6 + 3 = − a ⇒ a = −9 …(i) [Sum of the roots]
and ( 6 )( 3) = b′ ⇒ b′ = 18 …(ii) [Product of the roots]
Let the equation copied by B be x 2 + a′x + b = 0 . The roots of this equation are −7 and −2 .
∴ ( −7 ) + ( −2 ) = −a′ ⇒ a′ = 9 …(iii) [Sum of the roots]
and ( −7 )( −2 ) = b ⇒ b = 14 …(iv) [Product of the roots]
Substituting a = −9 and b = 14 from (i) and (iv), in the original equation, we get this equation as :
x 2 − 9 x + 14 = 0 .
186. Ans. (c), Since Sachin gets 4 and 3 as the roots, the equation written down by him is
x 2 − ( 4 + 3) x + ( 4 × 3 ) = 0 ⇒ x 2 − 7 x + 12 = 0
He had made a mistake in writing down the constant term but the coefficient of x was written
correctly. So, the coefficient of x in the given equation was −7 .
Now, Rahul gets 3 and 2 as the roots, so the equation written down by him is,
x2 − (3 + 2) x + (3 × 2 ) = 0 ⇒ x2 − 5x + 6 = 0
He had made a mistake in writing down the coefficient of x but the constant term was written
correctly. So, the constant term in the given equation was 6.
∴ The given equation was, x 2 − 7 x + 6 = 0 ⇒ ( x − 1)( x − 6 ) = 0 ⇒ x = 1 or x = 6 .
Hence, the correct roots of the equation are 6, 1.
187. Ans. (c), Given, α and β are roots of x 2 + 5 x + 4 = 0 .
α +2 β +2
The equation whose roots are ,
3 3
x+2
is obtained by putting y = i.e. x = 3 y − 2 in the given equation.
3
2
Replacing x by 3 y − 2 in the given equation, we get, (3 y − 2) + 5 (3 y − 2) + 4 = 0
⇒ 9 y2 + 3y − 2 = 0 ⇒ 9 x 2 + 3x − 2 = 0
[Symbolic change in variable does not change the equation]
188. Ans. (c), The given equation is x3 + 2 x 2 − 4 x + 1 = 0 …(i)
The equation whose roots are thrice of each of the roots of equation (i),
)
y
is obtained by putting y = 3 x ⇒ x = in (i).
3
3 2
y  y  y  y
Putting x = in (i), we get,   + 2   − 4   + 1 = 0 ⇒ y 3 + 6 y 2 − 36 y + 27 = 0
3 3 3 3
⇒ x3 + 6 x 2 − 36 x + 27 = 0 , which is the required equation.
189. Ans. (c), The given equation is x 2 − 3 x + 3 = 0 …(i)
y
The equation whose roots are twice the roots of equation (i) is obtained by putting y = 2 x ⇒ x =
2
2
y  y  y
in (i). Replacing x by in (i), we get,   − 3   + 3 = 0
2 2 2
⇒ y 2 − 6 y + 12 = 0 ⇒ x 2 − 6 x + 12 = 0 , which is the required equation.
[Note : Symbolic change in variable does not change the equation]
190. Ans. (c), Let α , β be the roots of the equation 3ax 2 + 3bx + c = 0 .
y
The equation whose roots are 3α and 3β is obtained by putting y = 3 x i.e. x = in the given
3
2
y  y  y
equation. Replacing x by in the given equation, we get, 3a   + 3b   + c = 0
3 3 3
⇒ ay 2 + 3by + 3c = 0 ⇒ ax 2 + 3bx + 3c = 0, which is the required equation.
[Note : Symbolic change of variable does not change the equation]
191. Ans. (c), Given, α , β are the roots of the equation x 2 − 5 x − 3 = 0 .
1 1
The equation whose roots are and
2α − 3 2β − 3
1 1 1 
is obtained by putting y = ⇒ x=  + 3  is the given equation.
2x − 3 2 y 
11 
Replacing x by  + 3  in the given equation, we get,
2 y 
2 2
1  1  1  1  1  1+ 3y  5  1+ 3y 
  + 3  − 5   + 3  − 3 = 0 ⇒   −  −3 = 0
2  y  2  y  4 y  2 y 
⇒ (1 + 9 y 2 + 6 y ) − 10 y (1 + 3 y ) − 12 y 2 = 0 ⇒ 33 y 2 + 4 y − 1 = 0
⇒ 33 x 2 + 4 x − 1 = 0 , which is the required equation.

[∵ Symbolic change in variable does not change the equation]
192. Ans. (b); (a) x 2 + px + q = 0 has roots u and v ⇒ u + v = − p and uv = q .
Now, ( x − p )( x + q ) = 0 ⇒ x 2 − ( p − q ) x − pq = 0 .
If this equation has u and v as its roots then u + v = p − q and uv = − pq .
The value of u + v and uv are not equal in the two cases, so the equation ( x − p )( x + q ) = 0 does not
have u and v as its roots.
(b) x 2 + px + q = 0 has roots u and v .
1 1
The equation having and i.e. the reciprocals of the roots of the given equation as its roots, can be
u v
) 35
1 1
obtained by putting y = i.e. x = in the given equation.
x y
2
1 1
Thus, the required equation is,   + p   + q = 0 ⇒ qy 2 + py + 1 = 0 ⇒ qx 2 + px + 1 = 0.
 y  y
1 1
This equation has and as its roots.
u v
2
(c) x + px + q = 0 has roots u and v .
The equation having u 2 and v 2 i.e., the squares of the roots of the given equation, as its roots, can be
obtained by putting y = x 2 i.e., x = y in the given equation.
( y) ( y)+q = 0
2
Thus, the required equation is, +p ⇒ y+ p y +q =0 ⇒ x+ p x +q =0
Thus, the equation x 2 + p 2 x + q 2 = 0 does not have u 2 and v 2 as its roots.
(d) x 2 + px + q = 0 has roots u and v . ∴ u + v = − p and uv = q .
2
u v u 2 + v 2 ( u + v ) − 2uv p 2 − 2q u v
Now, + = = = and ⋅ = 1
v u uv uv q v u
u v u v  u v
∴ The equation having and as its roots is, x 2 −  +  x +  ⋅  = 0
v u v u v u
 p 2 − 2q 
⇒ x2 −   x +1 = 0 ⇒ qx 2 − ( p 2 − 2q ) x + q = 0
 q 
u v
Thus, the equation x 2 + qx + q = 0 does not have and as its roots.
v u
193. Ans. (c), Let α , β , γ be the roots of the cubic equation x3 + px 2 + qx + r = 0 such that α + β = 0 .
Then, S1 = α + β + γ = − p ⇒ 0+γ = −p ⇒ γ = −p [∵ α + β = 0]
∴ (− p) is a root of the given equation and so x = − p must satisfy this equation.
2
So, we have : − p 3 + p ( − p ) − pq + r = 0 ⇒ pq = r .
194. Ans. (d), Given, α , β , γ are the roots of x3 + bx + c = 0 .
∴ S1 ≡ α + β + γ = 0 ; S 2 ≡ αβ + βγ + γα = b ; S3 ≡ αβγ = −c
Now, (α + β + γ )(αβ + βγ + γα ) = α 2 β + αβ 2 + β 2γ + βγ 2 + γ 2α + γα 2 + 3αβγ
⇒ α 2 β + αβ 2 + β 2γ + βγ 2 + γ 2α + γα 2 = (α + β + γ )(αβ + βγ + γα ) − 3αβγ = ( 0 )( b ) − 3 ( −c ) = 3c
195. Ans. (b), ∵ x 2 − 3x + 2 = ( x − 1)( x − 2 ) . ∴ x 2 − 3 x + 2 is a factor of x 4 − ax 2 + b
⇒ ( x − 1) and ( x − 2 ) are both factors of x 4 − ax 2 + b
⇒ x = 1 and x = 2 are both roots of x 4 − ax 2 + b = 0
∴ 1− a + b = 0 ⇒ a − b = 1 and 16 − 4a + b = 0 ⇒ 4a − b = 16
Solving these equations, we get, a = 5, b = 4
Now, the equation having a and b as its roots is, x 2 − ( a + b ) x + ab = 0
⇒ x 2 − 9 x + 20 = 0 ∵ a + b = 5 + 4 = 9, ab = ( 5 )( 4 ) = 20 
196. Ans. (c), Given, α , β , γ are the roots of the cubic equation x3 + 4 x + 1 = 0 .
∴ S1 = α + β + γ = 0 ; S 2 = αβ + βγ + γα = 4 ; S3 = αβγ = −1
)
−1 −1 −1 1 1 1
Now, (α + β ) + ( β + γ ) + ( γ + α ) = + +
α + β β +γ γ +α
1 1 1
= + + [∵ α + β + γ = 0 ⇒ α + β = −γ , β + γ = −α , γ + α = − β ]
−γ −α − β
1 1 1  αβ + βγ + γα   4 
= − + +  = −  = −  = 4
α β γ   αβγ   −1 
197. Ans. (d), α , β , γ are the roots of x3 + qx + r = 0
∴ S1 ≡ α + β + γ = 0 …(i) S 2 ≡ αβ + βγ + γα = q …(ii)
S3 ≡ αβγ = − r …(iii)
1 1 1 1
Now, ∑α + β −γ =
α + β −γ
+
β + γ −α
+
γ +α − β
1 1 1 1 1 1
= + + = + + [Using (i)]
(α + β + γ ) − 2γ (α + β + γ ) − 2α (α + β + γ ) − 2β −2γ −2α −2β
 1   1 1 1   1  αβ + βγ + γα   1   q  q
= −  + +  = −   = −   =
 2  α β γ   2   αβγ   2   − r  2r
198. Ans. (c), Given, α , β , γ are the roots of x3 + 4 x + 1 = 0
∴ S1 = α + β + γ = 0
And so we have, β + γ = −α , γ + α = − β , α + β = −γ
Now, we have to find the equation whose roots are
α2 β2 γ2 α2 β2 γ 2
, , ⇒ , , ⇒ −α . − β , − γ
β +γ γ +α α + β −α − β −γ
Thus, we have to find the equation whose roots are the negatives of the roots of the given equation
2
x3 + 4 x + 1 = 0 . Replacing x by − y in this equation we get, ( − y ) + 4 ( − y ) + 1 = 0
⇒ − y3 − 4 y + 1 = 0 ⇒ y 3 + 4 y − 1 = 0 ⇒ x3 + 4 x − 1 = 0, which is the required equation.
199. Ans. (a), Given, α , β , γ are the roots of x3 − 2 x + 1 = 0
∴ S1 ≡ α + β + γ = 0 …(i) S 2 ≡ αβ + βγ + γα = −2 …(ii)
S3 ≡ αβγ = −1 …(iii)
 1  1 1 1
Now, ∑  α + β − γ  = α + β − γ + β + γ − α + γ + α − β
1 1 1
= + +
(α + β + γ ) − 2γ (α + β + γ ) − 2α (α + β + γ ) − 2β
1 1 1
= + + ∵ α + β + γ = 0 ( using (i) ) 
−2γ −2α −2 β
 1   1 1 1   1   βγ + γα + αβ   1   1 
= −  + +  = −   =  −   −  = −1 [Using (ii) and (iii)]
 2  α β γ   2   αβγ   2  2
200. Ans. (a), The given equation is 4 x 3 − 12 x 2 + 11x + k = 0 …(i)
 12 
Sum of its roots = −  −  = 3
 4
Let ( a − d ) , α and (α + d ) be the three roots of equation (i), since they are in A.P.
) 37
Then, (α − d ) + α + (α + d ) = 3 ⇒ 3α = 3 ⇒ α = 1
Thus, x = 1 is a root of equation (i). So, x = 1 must satisfy (i).
3 2
∴ 4 (1) − 12 (1) + 11(1) + k = 0 ⇒ k = −3 .
201. Ans. (b), Given,  x 2  − 8 [ x ] + 15 ≤ 0 ⇒ y 2 − 8 y + 15 ≤ 0 where y = [ x ]
⇒ ( y − 3)( y − 5) ≤ 0 ⇒ 3 ≤ y ≤ 5 ⇒ 3 ≤ [ x ] ≤ 5 ∵ y = [ x ] ∴3≤ x <6.
202. Ans. (b), Consider the equation f ( x ) ≡ ( λ 2 + λ − 2 ) x 2 + ( λ + 2 ) x − 1 = 0
We have, f ( x ) < 0 ∀ x ∈ R if D < 0 and a < 0
⇒ ( λ + 2 ) + 4 ( λ 2 + λ − 2 ) = 0 and ( λ 2 + λ − 2 ) < 0
2
2 2
⇒ ( λ + 2 )( 5λ − 2 ) < 0 and ( λ + 2 )( λ − 1) < 0 ⇒ −2 < λ < and −2 < λ < 1 ⇒ −2 < λ <
3 3
2
Thus, ( λ 2 + λ − 2 ) x 2 + ( λ + 2 ) x − 1 < 0 ∀ x ∈ R if −2 < λ <
5
 2
⇒ ( λ 2 + λ − 2 ) x 2 + ( λ + 2 ) x < 1 ∀ x ∈ R if λ ∈  −2,  .
 5
203. Ans. (c), Let f ( x ) = x 2 − ( 3a − 1) x + 2a 2 + 2a − 11 . The coefficient of x 2 > 0
∴ f ( x ) > 0 for all values of x , if the discriminant D < 0
⇒ {− ( 3a − 1)} − 4 ( 2a 2 + 2a − 11) < 0 ⇒ a 2 − 14 + 45 < 0 ⇒ ( a − 5)( a − 9 ) < 0

2
⇒ 5<a<9
204. Ans. (b), The given equation is x5 − 6 x − 4 x + 5 = 0 ⇒ f ( x ) = 0 , where f ( x ) = x5 − 6 x 2 − 4 x + 5

We have, f ( − x ) = − x 5 − 6 x 2 + 4 x + 5
Now, the signs of various terms is f ( x ) are : + − − +
Since the signs of various terms in f ( x ) change (from +ve to − ve or − ve to +ve) two times, the
equation f ( x ) = 0 has maximum 2 positive real roots.
Also, the signs of various terms in f ( − x ) are : − − + +
Since the signs of various terms in f ( − x ) change (from +ve to − ve or − ve to +ve) only 1 time, the
equation f ( x ) = 0 has maximum 1 negative real roots.
Moreover, x = 0 is not a root of f ( x ) = 0 since f ( 0 ) = 5 ≠ 0
Thus, the given equation has maximum 3 real roots.
205. Ans. (a), Let f ( x ) = x 7 + 14 x5 + 16 x3 + 30 x − 560
Clearly, the signs of various terms in f ( x ) change only one.
∴ There is maximum one possible positive real root of f ( x ) = 0 .
Now, f ( − x ) = − x 7 − 14 x5 − 16 x3 − 30 x − 560
Clearly, the signs of various terms in f ( − x ) does not change even once.
∴ There is no possible negative real root of f ( x ) = 0 .
Hence f ( x ) = 0 can have maximum one real root.
Also, every equation of an odd degree has at least one real root.
∴ f ( x ) = 0 has 1 real solution.
206. Ans. (c), Let f ( x ) = ax3 + bx 2 + cx + d . Then, f ( x ) = 0 has a repeated root α of order 2.
and so, α is a root of order 1 of the equation f ′ ( x ) = 0 i.e. of 3ax 2 + 2bx + c = 0 .
a b
207. Ans. (d), a + 2b + 4c = 0 (given) ⇒ + +c = 0
4 2
2
1 1 1
⇒ a  + b  + c = 0 ⇒ is a root of the equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0
2 2 2
208. Ans. (a), ( q − r ) x2 + ( r − p ) x + ( p − q ) = 0
∵ ( r − q ) + ( q − p ) = r − p 
⇒ ( q − r ) x 2 + {( r − q ) + ( q − p )} x + ( p − q ) = 0  
 and ( r − q )( q − p ) = ( q − r )( p − q ) 
⇒ ( q − r ) x2 + ( r − q ) x + ( q − p ) x + ( p − q ) = 0
⇒ ( q − r ) x { x − 1} + ( q − p ){ x − 1} = 0 ⇒ {( q − r ) x + ( q − p )}{ x − 1} = 0
p−q p−q
⇒ x= or x = 1 . ∴ The roots of the given equation are and 1.
q−r q−r
209. Ans. (d), 8sec 2 θ − 6 sec θ + 1 = 0
⇒ 8sec 2 θ − 4sec θ − 2sec θ + 1 = 0 ⇒ 4 sec θ (2 sec θ − 1) − 1(2sec θ − 1) = 0
1 1
⇒ (4 sec θ − 1) (2sec θ − 1) = 0 Either, sec θ = or sec θ = , but sec θ ≥ 1or sec θ ≤ −1.
2 4
Hence the given equation has no solution.
210. Ans. (d), Given equation esin x − e − sin x − 4 = 0
Let esin x = y, then given equation can be written as, y 2 − 4 y − 1 = 0 ⇒ y = 2± 5
But the value of y = esin x is always positive, so we have to reject y = 2 − 5
Now, y = 2 + 5 [∵ 2 < 5 ]
⇒ log e y = log e 2 + 5 ( ) (
⇒ sin x = log e 2 + 5 > 1 )
Which is impossible, since sin x cannot be greater than 1.
Hence we cannot find any real value of x which satisfies the given equation.
211. Ans. (b), ∵ α , β are the roots of x 2 − 7 x + 1 = 0
−1 −1
∴ α 2 − 7α + 1 = 0 ⇒ (α − 7 ) = . Similarly β − 7 = .
α β
− ( −7 ) 1
Again, for the given equation, α + β = =7 ⇒ αβ = = 1
1 1
2 2
 1   1  1 1 2 2
Now,   +  = + = α 2 + β 2 = (α + β ) − 2αβ = ( 7 ) − 2 ×1 = 47.
α −7   β −7  1 1
α2 β2
212. Ans. (c), Here x = 2 and 3 are the critical points.
When x < 2, x − 2 = − ( x − 2 ) , x − 3 = − ( x − 3)
∴ The given equation reduces to 2 − x + 3 − x = 7 ⇒ x = −1 < 2
∴ x = −1 is a solution.
) 39
When 2 ≤ x < 3, x − 2 = x − 2, x − 3 = − ( x − 3)
∴ The equation reduces to x − 2 + 3 − x = 7 ⇒ 1 = 7 . No solution in this case.
When x ≥ 3, the equation reduces to x − 2 + x − 3 = 7 ⇒ x = 6 > 3 . Hence, we get, x = 6 or − 1
Trick : By inspection, we have that both the values x = 6, − 1 satisfy the given equation.
213. Ans. (d), Since equality ax 2 + bx + c = 0 has three distinct roots so it must be an identity.
So, a = b = c = 0.
214. Ans. (a), We have x = 7 + 4 3
1 1 7−4 3 7−4 3 7−4 3

∴ = = = = = 7−4 3
x 7+4 3 7 + 4 3. 7 − 4 3 (7 + 4 3)(7 − 4 3) 49 − 48
1
∴x+
x
= 7+4 3 + 7−4 3 = ( ) (
3 + 2 + 2 − 3 = 4. )
1 1 1 1
x− x+ x+ x−
2 x −1 2x 2 x −1
215. Ans. (b), Equation, 4 − 3x 2
=3 2
−2 ⇒ 2 +2 =3 2
+3 2
1 1 3
 1  x− 3 x− x−
⇒ 22 x 1 +  = 3 2 (1 + 3) ⇒ 2 2 x. = 3 2 .4 ⇒ 2 2 x −3 = 3 2
 2 2
Taking log on both sides, ( 2 x − 3) log 2 = ( x − 3 / 2 ) log 3
3 3
⇒ 2 x log 2 − 3log 2 = x log 3 − log 3 ⇒ x log 4 − x log 3 = 3log 2 − log 3
2 2
x x 3/ 2
4 8 4 4 3
⇒  = ⇒   =  ∴x=
3 3 3 3 3 2
Trick : Check the equation with options then only option (b) satisfies the equation.
2
216. Ans. (d), ax 2 + x + b = 0 has real roots ⇒ (1) − 4ab ≥ 0 ⇒ − 4ab ≥ −1 or 4ab ≤ 1 …(i)
Now second equation is x 2 − 4 abx + 1 = 0

Therefore D = 16ab − 4, from (i) D < 0 [∵ 4ab < 1 ⇒ 16ab < 4 ⇒ 16ab − 4 < 0 ]
Hence roots are imaginary.
−b ± b 2 − 4ac
217. Ans. (b), The roots of the equations are given by x =
2a
(i) Let b 2 − 4ac > 0, b > 0, Now if a > 0, c > 0, b 2 − 4ac 0 )
∴ In each case, the roots have negative real part.
218. Ans. (c), ∵ D = 0. Hence roots are equal. But as b is irrational.
Hence roots are irrational and equal.
219. Ans. (a), Given, equation 2ax 2 + ( 2a + b ) x + b = 0, ( a ≠ 0 )
2 2
Now its discriminant D = B 2 − 4 AC = ( 2a + b ) − 4.2ab = ( 2a − b )
Hence, D is a perfect square, so given equation has rational roots.
)
α −1 1
220. Ans. (a), Let the roots be , α , αβ , β ≠ 0. Then the product of roots is α 3 = − =
β 8 8
1
⇒α = and by remainder theorem one of the roots is unity.
2
1 1 1
Hence β = , so roots are 1, ,
2 2 4
1 1
Trick : By inspection, we get the numbers 1, , satisfying the given equation.
2 4
221. Ans. (d), Given, equation 4 x 3 + 16 x 2 − 9 x − 36 = 0
16
Let α , β , γ are the roots. Then, α + β + γ = − ⇒ γ = −4. (∵ α + β = 0 )
4
Also, αβγ = ( −1)

3 ( −36 ) = 9, putting the value of γ ,
4
9 9 9 3
we get αβ = − ⇒ α ( −α ) = − (∵ α + β = 0 ) ⇒ α 2 = ⇒ α = ± .
4 4 4 2
222. Ans.(b), Given that α + β = 0 ; α + β + γ = − p ⇒ γ = − p
Substituting γ = − p in the given equation [∵ γ is also a root of this equation]
⇒ − p 3 + p 3 − pq + r = 0 ⇒ pq = r.
223. Ans. (b), Given equation x3 − 3 x 2 + x + 5 = 0.
Then α + β + γ = 3, αβ + βγ + γα = 1, αβγ = −5
y = ∑ α 2 + αβγ = (α + β + γ ) − 2 (αβ + βγ + γα ) + αβγ = 9 − 2 − 5 = 2
2
∴ y = 2 . It satisfies the equation y 3 − y 2 − y − 2 = 0.

224. Ans. (a), Given equation 2 x 3 − 3 x 2 + 6 x + 1 = 0
3 −1
α + β + γ = , αβγ = , ∑ αβ = 3
2 2
2
3 9 −15
(α 2 2
+ β +γ 2
) = (α + β + γ ) 2
− 2 ( ∑ αβ ) =   − 2.3 = − 6 =
2 4 4
.
225. Ans. (a), ( a + b ) x 2 + x ( 2a − 3b + 1) + ( a − 2b + 1) = 0

Equating the coefficients of x 2 , x and constant terms on both sides we get
⇒ a + b = 0, 2a − 3b + 1 = 0, a − 2b + 1 = 0 ⇒ No value of ( a, b ) is possible.
3n
226. Ans. (a), x3 + ( − x )
n
= 0, if n ≥ 0 and n is an integer.
227. Ans. (b), Can hold, if x + y = 2 x − y, x − 2 y = 0, x − y − 1 = 0 ⇒ x = 2 and y = 1
228. Ans. (a), The sum of the coefficients = ( a + 2 ) + ( a − 3) − ( 2a − 1) = 0 .
2a − 1
So, x = 1 is a root. ∴ Other root = − = rational for all a, a ≠ −2 .
a+2
229. Ans. (a), Given , x + λ y − 2and x − µ y + 1 are the factors of 6 x 2 − xy − y 2 − 6 x + 8 y − 12,
1 1
∴ 6 x 2 − xy − y 2 − 6 x + 8 y − 12 = 6 ( x + λ y − 2 )( x − µ y + 1) ⇒λ= ,µ=
3 2
2
230. Ans. (a), We have, ( log 5 x ) + log 5 x < 2 . Put log 5 x = a, then a 2 + a < 2
⇒ a2 + a − 2 < 0 ⇒ ( a + 2 )( a − 1) < 0 ⇒ − 2 < a < 1 or −2 < log 5 x < 1
1
∴ 5−2 < x < 5 i.e., < x <5.
25
2
231. Ans. (c), For the equation x 2 + 2 x + 3 = 0 . Discriminant = ( 2 ) − 4 ⋅1 ⋅ 3 < 0 .
∴ Roots of x 2 + 2 x + 3 = 0 are imaginary. Since, the equation x 2 + 2 x + 3 = 0 and ax 2 + bx + c = 0 are
given to have a common root, therefore both roots will be common.
Hence, both the equations are identical. ⇒ a : b : c = 1: 2 : 3
232. Ans. (b), Given equations are 2 x 2 + 3 x + 5λ = 0 and x 2 + 2 x + 3λ = 0 have a common root, if
2
( 6λ − 5λ ) = ( 4 − 3)( 9λ − 10λ ) ⇒ λ 2 = −λ ⇒ λ = 0, − 1
233. Ans.(c), Let α , β be the roots of the equation, (1 − a ) x 2 + 3ax − 1 = 0.
3a 1
Then, α + β = and αβ = ⇒ α + β > 0 and αβ > 0 [∵ a > 1]
a −1 a −1
⇒ α > 0 and β > 0.
234. Ans. (b), Let f ( x ) = x 2 + ax + b 2 . Clearly, y = f ( x ) represents a parabola opening upward.
If both roots are greater than c, then c is less than both the roots which are real.
a
∴ f ( c ) > 0, Disc ≥ 0 and c < −
2
a a
⇒ c 2 + ac + b 2 > 0, a 2 − 4b 2 ≥ 0 and c < − ⇒ c 2 + ac + b 2 > 0, a 2 ≥ 4b 2 and c < −
2 2
α β
235. Ans. (a), We have, α = ω and β = ω 2 . ∴ = ω 2 and = ω .
β α
α β
Hence, the equation having i.e., ω 2 and i.e., ω as its roots is x 2 + x + 1 = 0.
β α
236. Ans. (c), Here, 5 is irrational number, therefore we cannot use
2
D = b − 4ac = 81 = a perfect square i.e., cannot imply that roots are rational.
5± ( 5 + 76 )
5 ±9
∴ x= i.e., Roots are real, unequal and irrational.
=
2 2
237. Ans. (b), We know that only even prime is 2, then
2
( 2 ) − λ ( 2 ) + 12 = 0 ⇒ λ =8 …(i)
and x 2 + λ x + µ = 0 has equal roots, then D = 0
2
i.e., λ 2 − 4 µ = 0 ⇒ ( 8) − 4 µ = 0 [Using (i)]
∴ µ = 16.
238. Ans. (a), If ( λ + 1) x 2 + 2 = λ x + 3 has only one solution.
2
Discriminant = 0 ⇒ λ 2 − 4 ( λ + 1)( −1) = 0 ⇒ λ 2 + 4λ + 4 = 0 ⇒ ( λ + 2 ) = 0 ∴ λ = −2.
y
239. Ans. (d), Let y = e x = x y = ex
∴ y = e x and y = x
y=x
Clearly e x > x.
x
No solution. O
240. Ans. (a), The equations x 2 + ax + b = 0 and x 2 + bx + a = 0 have a common root, then
(x 2
+ ax + b ) − ( x 2 + bx + a ) = 0 ⇒ ( a − b) x − (a − b) = 0 ∴ x = 1
is a common which satisfies both equations, then 1 + a + b = 0 . ∴ a + b = −1 .
241. Ans. (b), Let y = x = cos x
y
y=
−x x
1 y=
y = cos x
π π x
− O
2 2
∵ Curve y = x and y = cos x cuts at two points. ∴ No. of solutions is two.
2
242. Ans. (a), Given, 16 x 2 + 8 ( a + 5) x − 7a − 5 > 0 ∀ x ⇒ D<0 ⇒ ( a + 5) + 7 a + 5 < 0
⇒ a 2 + 17 a + 30 < 0 ⇒ ( a + 15 )( a + 2 ) < 0 ⇒ a ∈ ( −15, − 2 ) .
243. Ans. (c), α + β = −a, αβ = 1 …(i)
 1   1  1 1 −α 2 β − α − β − αβ 2
− α + +
  − − β  = −α − − − β =
 β   α  β α aβ
−αβ (α + β ) − 1(α + β ) −a − a
⇒ ⇒ = −2 a [Using (i)]
αβ 1
 1  1  1
and  α +   + β  = 1 + αβ + + 1 = 4 . ∴ Required equation is, x 2 − 2ax + 4 = 0 .
 β  α  αβ
244. Ans. (b), f ( x ) = 4 x 2 − 16 x + c ⇒ f (1) > 0, f ( 2 ) < 0, f ( 3) > 0
c > 12, c < 16, c > 12 ⇒ 12 < c < 16 ∴ c = 13, 14, 15 .
y = 4 x 2 − 16 x + c
1α 2 β 3
b c −1 a α +β b
245. Ans. (b), α + β = − , αβ = , (α + β ) = − , α −1 + β −1 = =−
a a b αβ c
a b
The equation is, x 2 +  +  x + = 0 or bcx 2 + ( b 2 + ca ) x + ab = 0 .
a
b c c
246. Ans. (b), Clearly α + β = a − 2 , αβ = − ( a + 1)
2 2 2
and α 2 + β 2 = (α + β ) − 2αβ = ( a − 2 ) + 2 ( a + 1) = a 2 − 2a + 5 = ( a − 1) + 4
Hence for minimum value of α 2 + β 2 the value of a − 1 must be = 0 ⇒ a = 1 .
247. Ans. (a), Let α = m, β = mr , γ = mr 2 , δ = mr 3 . Then,
α , β are the roots of x 2 − 3x + a = 0
⇒ α + β = 3and αβ = a ⇒ m + mr = 3and m ⋅ mr = a
⇒ m (1 + r ) = 3 …(i) and m 2 r = a …(ii)
γ , δ are the roots of x 2 − 12 + b = 0
) 43
⇒ γ + δ = 12 and γδ = b ⇒ mr 2 + mr 3 = 12 and mr 2 ⋅ mr 3 = b
⇒ mr 2 (1 + r ) = 12 …(iii) and m 2 r 5 = b …(iv)
Dividing (iii) by (i) we get : r 2 = 4 ⇒ r = 2 ( r ≠ −2 for increasing GP)
Substituting r = 2 in (i) we get : m = 1.
Substituting m = 1, r = 2 in (ii) and (iv) we get : a = 2, b = 32.
248. Ans. (d), Let α and 2α be the roots of the equation
(a 2
− 5a + 3) x 2 + ( 3a − 1) x + 2 = 0.
− ( 3a − 1)
Then, α + 2α = …(i)
(a 2
− 5a + 3 )
2
And (α )( 2α ) = …(ii)
( a − 5a + 3 )
2
1 − 3a 1 − 3a
From (i) we get : 3α = ⇒α = …(iii)
( a − 5a + 3 )
2
3 ( a − 5a + 3 )
2
2 1
From (ii) we get : 2α 2 = ⇒ α2 =
( a − 5a + 3 )
2
( a − 5a + 3 )
2
⇒
(1 − 3a ) =
1
[Using (ii)]
9 ( a 2 − 5a + 3 )
2
( a − 5a + 3 )
2
⇒ 1 + 9a 2 − 6a = 9 ( a 2 − 5a + 3) or a 2 − 5a + 3 = 0
5 ± 25 − 12
⇒ 39a = 26 or ⇒ a=
2
26 2  5 ± 13 
⇒ a= = .  Neglecting a = as these values are not given in the alternatives.
39 3  2 
 Here the option would be only (d) but not (c) as a 2 − 5a + 3 
 
 must not be zero because it makes given equation to linear. 
249. Ans. (c), x 4 + x 4 + 20 = 22 ⇒ x 4 + 20 = 22 − x 4
On squaring both sides, we get :
x 4 + 20 = 484 − 44 x 4 + x8 ⇒ x8 − 45 x 4 + 464 = 0
⇒ y 2 − 45 y + 464 = 0 where y = x 4 . ⇒ ( y − 16 )( y − 29 ) = 0 ⇒ y = 16 or y = 29
⇒ x 4 = 16 or x 4 = 29 ⇒ x = ±2 or x = ± 4 29
i.e. the given equation has 4 real roots.
But ± 4 29 does not satisfy the given equation hence. Thus, given equation has two real roots.
250. Ans. (b), Let α , β , γ , δ be the roots of given equation
Suppose we have to diminish the roots given equation by h
Clearly α + β + γ + δ = 8
According to required condition α − h + β − h + γ − h + δ − h = 0
⇒ ( α + β + γ + δ ) − 4h = 0 ⇒ 8 − 4 h = 0 ⇒ h = 2
251. Ans. (b), put equation in statdarnd form Ax 2 + Bx + C = 0
And using sum of roots = 0 we get b 2 = 2m2
Alternative
Clearly, x = m is a root of the equation. Therefore, the other root must be −m .
1 1 1 1 1 1 2 b+ m−b + m 2
i.e., + = + ⇒ − = ⇒ =
−m −m + b m m + b b−m b+m m b2 − m2 m
⇒ 2m2 = 2b 2 − 2m 2 ⇒ 2m2 = b 2 . Hence, (b) is the correct answer.
 1   1   1
252. Ans. (a),  x3 + 3  − 5  x 2 + 2  +  x + 
 x   x   x
3 2
 1  1   1   1
=  x +  − 3  x +  − 5  x +  − 2  +  x + 
 x  x   x   x
3 2
 1  1  1
=  x +  − 5  x +  − 2  x +  + 10 = 125 − 125 − 2 ( 5 ) + (10 ) = 0
 x  x  x
253. Ans. (c), The roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0 are imaginary. ∴ b 2 − 4ac < 0
−b ± b 2 − 4ac b 4ac − b2
Roots are =− ± i.
2a 2a 2a
b 4ac − b2 b 4ac − b 2
Let α = − + i and β = − − i
2a 2a 2a 2a
b 2 4ac − b 2 c
∴ α = β [∵ α = β ] . Also, α = 2
+ 2
= >1 [∵ 0 < a 1 . ∴ (c) is false.
254. Ans. (b), Let f ( x ) = ax 2 + bx + c. Since 1 lies outside the roots of f ( x ) = 0.
Hence f (1) > 0
⇒ a+b+c > 0
y
x
1
255. Ans. (d), It is given that the product of roots is 31

∴ 2e 2log k − 1 = 31 ⇒ 2k 2 − 1 = 31 ⇒ 2k 2 = 32 ⇒ k 2 = 16 ⇒ k = ±4
But, log k is defined for k > 0. Therefore, k = 4
We have,
Disc = 8k 2 − 8e 2log k + 4 = 8k 2 − 8k 2 + 4 = 4 > 0 for all k .
Hence, k = 4.
256. Ans. (a), It is given that the roots are imaginary. Therefore, b 2 − 4ac < 0.
The roots α and β are given by
−b + i 4ac − b 2 −b − i 4ac − b 2
α= and β =
2a 2a
Clearly, α = β . Therefore, α = β .
b 2 4ac − b 2 c
Further more α = 2
+ 2
= ⇒ α >1 [∵ c > a ].
4a 4a a
6 1
257. Ans. (c), x 4 − 6 x 3 + 10 x 2 − 6 x + 1 = 0 . Dividing by x 2 , x 2 − 6 x + 10 − + = 0.
x x2
1
t 2 − 2 − 6t + 10 = 0, t = x +
x
1
t 2 − 6t + 8 = 0 ⇒ t = 2, 4 ⇒ x+ =2 ⇒ x = 1, 1
x
1
x+ =4 ⇒ x2 − 4 x + 1 = 0 ⇒ x = 2± 3.
x
t3
258. Ans. (b), Let t = 211x Hence given equation becomes + 4t = 2t 2 + 1 ⇒ t 3 − 8t 2 + 16t − 4 = 0
4
suppose it has roots t1 , t2 , t3 .
2
⇒ t1t2t3 = 4 ⇒ 211x1 .211x2 .211x3 = 4 = 2 2 ⇒ 11( x1 + x2 + x3 ) = 2 ⇒ x1 + x2 + x3 = .
11
259. Ans. (a), clearly x = 1 is a root. Of given equation
⇒ x5 − 5 x 4 + 9 x 3 − 9 x 2 + 5 x − 1 = ( x − 1)  x 4 − 4 x 3 + 5 x 2 − 4 x + 1
4 1
Now, x 4 − 4 x3 + 5 x 2 − 4 x + 1 = 0 ⇒ x2 − 4 x + 5 − + =0
x x2
2
 1  1 1
⇒  x +  − 2 − 4 x +  + 5 = 0 ⇒ t 2 − 4t + 3 = 0, t = x + ⇒ t = 1, 3
 x  x x
1 1± 3 i
t =1 ⇒ x+ = 1 ⇒ x2 − x + 1 = 0 ⇒ x=
x 2
1 3± 5
t =3 ⇒ x+ = 3 ⇒ x2 − 3x + 1 = 0 ⇒ x=
x 2
260. Ans. (b) Let α be the common root of the equation x3 + ax + 1 = 0 and x 4 + ax 2 + 1 = 0
we get α = 1 . Thus, α = 1 is the common root
Using α = 1 in any of two given equations we get 1 + a + 1 = 0 ⇒ a = −2
 α 4 + aα 2 + α = 0
Hence α 3 + aα + 1 = 0 and α 4 + aα 2 + 1 = 0 ⇒  4 2
and α + aα + 1 = 0
Subtracting
261. Ans. (a) ∵ ax 2 − bx + 1 = 0 has imaginary roots and constant term 1 is +ve
Hence a must is also be positive ⇒ ax 2 − bx + 1 is +ve for all values of values of x
2
⇒ a ( −1) − b ( −1) + 1 > 0 ⇒ a + b + 1 = 0
262. Ans. (c), For x ≥ 4 the last digit of the sum 1!+ 2!+ ...... + x ! is equal to 3 and therefore this sum
cannot be equal to a square of a whole number k (because a square of a whole number cannot end
with 3).
∴ For x < 4, the given equation has the only solutions
)
x = 1, k = ±1 and x = 3, k ± 3
∴ α = 1, β = 3 ∴ 1 + 2α + 3α 2 + 4α 3 + 5α 4 = 15and − 5β = −15
x 2 −15 x 2 −15
(
Then a + b ) + a− b ( ) = 2a
( ) (
Clearly a + b + a − b = 2a Hence x 2 − 15 = ±1 )
x 2 = 16, 14 ⇒ x = ±4, ± 14
α1 = −4, α 2 = 4, α 3 = − 14, α 4 , 14
∴ α1 + α 2 + α 3 + α 4 − α1α 2α 3α 4 = 0 − 16 ×14 224
2
 x +1   x +1 
263. Ans. (a), a   + b +c = 0
 x−2  x −1 
x +1 2α + 1 2 β + 1
⇒ = α, β ⇒ x = ,
x−2 α −1 β −1
Solution for Q.264 and Q.265
246.Ans. (b), 247.Ans.(b) y
If x = 2 + i 3 is one root, then the other root is 2 − i 3.
(0, 7)
Sum of roots = 4 ⇒ p = −4 (2, 3)
Product of roots = 7 ⇒ q = 7 is given below. x
0
Graph of y = x 2 − 4 x + 7
One or more than one options are correct

266. Ans. (b), (d), Let α and β be the roots.
∴ α − β = 3 and α 2 + β 2 = 29
2
⇒ α −β =9 ⇒ α 2 + β 2 − 2αβ = 9 ⇒ 29 − 9 = 2αβ ⇒ αβ = 10 .
2
Now, (α + β ) = α 2 + β 2 + 2αβ = 29 + 20 = 49 .
∴ α + β = ±7 . Hence, required equation is x 2 ± 7 x + 10 = 0 .

Hence, option (b) and (d) are correct.
267. Ans. (a, b), We have, u + v = − p and uv = q
1 1 u +v −p 1 1 1 1
(a) + = = and ⋅ = =
u v uv q u v uv q
 p 1
∴ The required equation is, x 2 −  −  x + = 0 ⇒ qx 2 + px + 1 = 0
 q q
(b) ( u + v ) + uv = − p + q and ( u + v ) uv = − pq
∴ The required equation is, x 2 − ( − p + q ) x + ( − pq ) = 0
⇒ x 2 + ( p − q ) x − pq = 0 ⇒ ( x + p )( x − q ) = 0
2 2
(c) u 2 + v 2 = ( u + v ) − 2uv = p 2 − 2q and u 2 v 2 = ( uv ) = q 2
∴ The required equation is, x 2 − ( p 2 − 2q ) x + q 2 = 0
u v u 2 + v 2 p 2 − 2q u v
(d) + = = and ⋅ = 1
v u uv q v u
 p 2 − 2q 
∴ The required equation is, x 2 −   x +1 = 0 ⇒ qx 2 − ( p 2 − 2q ) x + q = 0
 q 
1 1 c
268. Ans. (a, b, c), If roots are α , . Then α ⋅ = ⇒ c=a
α α a
(a )
2
Since, − b ≥ 0 or a ≥ b . But a = c, ∴ c ≥ b .
269. Ans. (b, d), α − β = 3 and α 2 + β 2 = 29.

2
α −β =9 ⇒ α 2 + β 2 − 2αβ = 9 ∴ αβ = 10 ∵ α 2 + β 2 = 29 
2
Then, (α + β ) = α 2 + β 2 + 2αβ = 29 + 20 = 49 . ∴ α + β = ±7
∴ Required equation is x 2 ± 7 x + 10 = 0 .
270. Ans. (a, d), Let A = a + 2b − 3c, B = b + 2c − 3a, C = c + 2a − 3b
C
∴ A + B + C = 0 . Hence, roots are 1 and .
A
271. Ans. (b, c), Roots of ax 2 + 2bx + c = 0 are non real complex.
∴ f ( x ) = ax 2 + 2bx + c > 0 or < 0 for all x . But f ( −1) = a − 2b + c < 0
∴ f ( 0 ) and f ( −2 ) must be less than zero.
f ( 0 ) < 0 ⇒ c < 0 and f ( −2 ) < 0 ⇒ 4a + c < 4b.
272. Ans. (a, b, c, d), Since, the equation has two distinct roots α and β , the discriminant b 2 − 4ac > 0,
we must have, f ( x ) = ax 2 + bx + c < 0 for α < x < β
Since, α < 0 < β we must have, f ( 0 ) = c < 0
−2 −1 0 1 2
also, as α < −1, 1 < β we get f ( −1) = a − b + c < 0 α β
and f (1) = a + b + c < 0, i.e., a + b + c < 0
Since, α < −2, 2 < β
f ( −2 ) = 4a − 2b + c < 0 and f ( 2 ) = 4a + 2b + c < 0ie, 4a + 2 b + c < 0 .
273. Ans. (a, b, c, d), We have, α + β = − a and αβ = b
1 1 1 1 a 1 1 1
(a) To find the equation whose roots are and . ∴ + =− and ⋅ =
α β α β b α β b
 a 1
∴ Equation is, x 2 −  −  x + = 0 i.e., bx 2 + ax + 1 = 0. Hence, (a) is correct.
 b b
(b) To find the equation whose roots are −α and − β . So, −α − β = a and ( −α )( − β ) = b
∴ Equation is, x 2 − ax + b = 0 . Hence, (b) is correct.
(c) To find the equation whose roots are α 2 and β 2 .
2
So, α 2 + β 2 = (α + β ) − 2αβ = a 2 − 2b and α 2 β 2 = b 2 .
∴ Equation is x 2 − ( a 2 − 2b ) x + b 2 = 0 i.e., x 2 + ( 2b − a 2 ) x + b 2 = 0 . Hence, (c) is correct.
α β
(d) To find the equation whose roots are and .
β α
2
α β (α + β ) − 2αβ a 2 − 2b α β
So, + = = and ⋅ = 1
β α αβ b β α
 a 2 − 2b 
 x + 1 = 0 i.e., bx + ( 2b − a ) x + b = 0. Hence, (d) is correct.
2 2 2
∴ Equation is, x − 
 b 
274. Ans. (a,b,c) Since, the roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0 are non real, so, f ( x ) = ax 2 + bx + c will have same
sign for every value of x . Hence, f ( 0 ) = c, f (1) = a + b + c, f ( −1) = a − b + c , f ( −2 ) = 4a − 2b + c
⇒ c ( a + b + c ) > 0, c ( a − b + c ) > 0, c ( 4a − 2b + c ) > 0 .
275. Let f ( x ) = x 2 − ( m − 3) x + m
2
(i) Both the roots are real and distinct ⇒ D > 0 ⇒ ( m − 3 ) − 4m > 0
⇒ m 2 − 10m + 9 > 0 ⇒ ( m − 1)( m − 9 ) > 0 ⇒ m ∈ ( −∞, 1) ∪ ( 9, ∞ )
D>0
x
2
(ii) Both the roots are equal ⇒ D = 0 ⇒ ( m − 3 ) − 4m = 0
⇒ ( m − 1)( m − 9 ) = 0 ⇒ m = 9 or m = 1
D=0
x
(iii) Both the roots are imaginary ⇒ D < 0 ⇒ ( m − 1)( m − 9 ) < 0 ⇒ m ∈ (1, 9 )
D<0
x
(iv) Both the roots are opposite in sign ⇒ f ( 0 ) < 0 ⇒ m < 0 ⇒ m ∈ ( −∞, 0 )
y
f (0) < 0
x
(v) Roots are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign

⇒ Sum of roots is zero as well as D ≥ 0
⇒ m ∈ ( −∞, 1] ∪ [9, ∞ ) and m − 3 = 0, ie, m = 3 ⇒ no such m exists.
y
D≥0 &α +β =0
(vi) Both the roots are positive ⇒ D ≥ 0 .
) 49
Both sum and product of roots are positive
y y
D≥0
x x
⇒ m − 3 > 0, m > 0 and m ∈ ( −∞, 1] ∪ [9, ∞ ) ⇒ m ∈ [9, ∞ )

(vii) Both the roots are negative ⇒ D ≥ 0 .
Sum of roots is negative but product of roots is positive.
⇒ m − 3 < 0, m > 0, m ∈ ( −∞, 1] ∪ [9, ∞ ) ⇒ m ∈ ( 0, 1]
y y
x x
D ≥ 0, α + β < 0 D ≥ 0, α + β < 0
(viii) At least one root is positive.
⇒ Either one root is positive or both the roots are positive.
⇒ Union of (iv) and (vi) with m = 0 (i.e., one root is zero) ⇒ m ∈ ( −∞, 0] ∪ [9, ∞ )
y
y y
x x x
(ix) One root is smaller than 2 and other root is greater than 2 ⇒ 2 lies between the roots
⇒ f ( 2) < 0 ⇒ 4 − 2 ( m − 3) + m < 0 ⇒ m > 10
y y
2 2
x x
(x) Both roots are greater than 2

−b
⇒ f ( 2 ) > 0, D ≥ 0, > 2 ⇒ m < 10 and m ∈ ( −∞, 1] ∪ [9, ∞ ) and m − 3 > 4 ⇒ m ∈ [9, 10 )
2a
y y
2 2
x x
(xi) Both the roots are smaller than 2

−b
⇒ f ( 2 ) > 0, D ≥ 0, <2 ⇒ m ∈ ( −∞, 1]
2a
y y y
2
2 2
x x x
y y
2 2
x x
(xii) Exactly one root lies between (1, 2 )

⇒ f (1) ⋅ f ( 2 ) < 0 ⇒ 4 (10 − m ) < 0 ⇒ m ∈ (10, ∞ )
y
y y
1 2 1 2 1 2
x x x
(xiii) Both roots lie in the interval (1, 2 ) . Then, f (1) > 0, 1 − m + 3 + m > 0 ⇒ 4 > 0
m−3
f ( 2 ) > 0, 4 − 2m + 6 + m > 0 ⇒ m < 10 ; 1 < <2 ⇒ 5<m<7
2
D ≥ 0, m ∈ ( −∞, 1] ∪ [9, ∞ ) ⇒ no solution
y y
1 2 1 2
x x
(xiv) Case I : Exactly one root lies in (1, 2 )

y y y
1 2 1 2 1 2
x x x
Case II : Both roots are lie in (1, 2 )

y y
1 1 2
2 x
x
( )BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES 51
From (xiii), m ∈ φ . At least one root lies in (1, 2 ) ⇒ m ∈ (10, ∞ ) .
(xv) For one root greater than 2 and other is smaller than 1, conditions are
f (1) < 0 …(i) and f ( 2 ) < 0 …(ii)
y y
1 2 1 2
x x
From (i), f (1) < 0, but f (1) = 4 which is not possible. Thus, no such m exists.

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JEE (MAIN & ADV.

), MEDICAL + BOARD, NDA, X & IX

18. The real roots of the equation 7 7

relation between b and c is :

(a) ( 3, 4 ) (b) ( 4, 5) (c) ( 4, 3) (d) ( 5, 4 )

62. If α and β be the roots of x 2

78. The value of 7 + 7 − 7 + 7 − ...∞ is :

greater than a are given by :

(a) −1, 2 (b) −1, 1 (c) 0, − 1 (d) 0, 1

(a) real and equal (b) unequal and rational

and other root greater than a are given by :

(a) a + b + c = 0 (b) a + b + c > 0 (c) a + b + c < 0 (d) none of these

149. If α , β , γ are the roots of the equation x3 + x + 1 = 0, then the value of α 3 + β 3 + γ 3 is :

then the value of ab + bc + ca, is :

180. If α + β = 4 and α 3 + β 3 = 44 , then α , β are the roots of the equation :

(a) −3c (b) −2c (c) 2c (d) 3c

(a) x 2 − 9 x − 20 = 0 (b) x 2 − 9 x + 20 = 0 (c) x 2 + 9 x − 20 = 0 (d) x 2 + 9 x + 20 = 0

integer function) hold if :

225. The number of values of the pair ( a, b ) for which a ( x + 1) + b ( x 2 − 3x − 2 ) + x + 1 = 0 is an identity in

(a) {−2} (b) {2} (c) {−2, 2} (d) {1}

(a) ( −15, − 2 ) (b) ( −2, − 1) (c) ( 5, 7 ) (d) ( −1, 1)

(c) abx 2 + ( c 2 + ab ) x + bc = 0 (d) cax 2 + ( b 2 + ac ) x + ab = 0

Passage (for Q.264 and Q.265)

One or more than one options may be correct

(a) c > 0 (b) c < 0 (c) 4a + c < 4b (d) 4a + c > 4b

(a) b 2 − 4ac > 0 (b) c < 0 (c) a + b + c < 0 (d) 4a + 2 b + c < 0

SOLUTIONS OF QUADRATIC EQUATION ( )

Since ax 2 + bx + a = 0 and x3 − 2 x 2 + 2 x − 1 = 0 have two roots in common, therefore −ω and −ω 2 are

Hence ax 2 + bx + a = 0 and x 2 − x + 1 = 0 have both roots common

Since ax 2 + bx + a = 0 and x3 − 2 x 2 + 2 x − 1 = 0 have two roots in common, therefore −ω and −ω 2 are

15. Ans. (d), The given equation is, x 4 − x 3 + x − 1 = 0 …(1)

17. Ans. (b), Here log 4 ( x − 1) = log 2 ( x − 3)

Using number line rule a ∈ ( −5, 2 ) .

⇒ a 2 − 1 > 0 and −4 ( a − 1)( a + 3) < 0

⇒ ( a 2 > 1) and ( a < −3 or a > 1) ⇒ a < −3 or a > 1 .

57. Ans. (d), Let α , β are the roots of the equation x 2 − ax + b = 0 .

From (1) and (2), The given expression =

Hence, 2 y − my = ±4 y {as it is perfect square} ⇒ 2 y − my = 4 y ⇒ m = −2 .

Ans. (c), Clearly y = 3 satisfies the equation ( y 2 − 7 ) = 7 − y

86. Ans. (a), Given equation is x 4 − 2 x3 + x − 380 = 0 .

∴ D>0 ⇒ 64k 2 − 4.16 ( k 2 − k + 1) > 0 ⇒ 64k > 64 ⇒ k >1 …(1)

Since, 3b 2 > 0 and D = ( 6bc ) − 4 ( 3b 2 )( 2c 2 ) = 12b 2 c 2 .

95. Ans. (b), It is given that x 2 + x + 1 is a factor of ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d .

101. Ans. (c), We know that for a > 0, y = ax 2

⇒ Disc < 0 ⇒ 4 ( 4k − 1) − 4 (15k 2 − 2k − 7 ) < 0

So, k lies between α and β , if af ( k ) < 0 ⇒ a ( ak 2 + bk + c ) < 0 ⇒ a 2 k 2 + abk + ac < 0

⇒ a = b = 1 . Hence, there is only one pair (1, 1) .

2 −2b ± 4b2 + 4ac

If g ( x ) = 0 has both roots negative, then

It is given that ax 2 + bx + c = 0 and x 3 + 3 x 2 + 3 x + 2 = 0 have two common roots.

so each one of ( x − 1) and ( x − 2 ) is a factor of f ( x ) .

157. Ans. (d), Given, the equation px 2 + qx + 1 = 0 has real roots.

Now, α − β < 5 ⇒ a2 − 4 < 5 ⇒ a2 − 4 < 5 ⇒ a2 < 9 ⇒ a ∈ ( −3, 3) .

166. Ans. (d), Let α be the second root of the equation x 2 + ax + 12 = 0.

⇒ 3 ( 9 − d 2 ) = 15 ⇒ d2 = 4 ⇒ d = ±2 . ∴ The three roots of the given equation are 1, 3 and 5.

∵ ( a + b )3 = a3 + b3 + 3ab ( a + b ) and using (iii).

⇒ 33 x 2 + 4 x − 1 = 0 , which is the required equation.

201. Ans. (b), Given,  x 2  − 8 [ x ] + 15 ≤ 0 ⇒ y 2 − 8 y + 15 ≤ 0 where y = [ x ]

⇒ ( y − 3)( y − 5) ≤ 0 ⇒ 3 ≤ y ≤ 5 ⇒ 3 ≤ [ x ] ≤ 5 ∵ y = [ x ] ∴3≤ x <6.

202. Ans. (b), Consider the equation f ( x ) ≡ ( λ 2 + λ − 2 ) x 2 + ( λ + 2 ) x − 1 = 0