STEEL STRUCTURE

DQS251 – MEASUREMENT OF
CONSTRUCTION WORKSIV
Prepared by
MOHD KHAIRUL FITRI BIN OTHMAN
Quantity Surveying Department, UiTM Sarawak
 Structural
Steel
Components
 ?

Stanchion

Girder
 Terms of steel structure

Reinforced Concrete
Steel Structure Frameworks
Frameworks
Column Stanchion / Universal Column /
H-Column
Beam Girder / Universal Beam / Rolled
Steel Joist (RSJ) / I-Beam
Truss Truss
Basic components for steel structure

Main Member Acessories Connection

• Stanchion • Top Plates • Weld

• Girder • Bottom • Bolt
• Channel Plates • Rivet
• Angle • Gusset Plate
• Tee • Splice Plates
• Head Plates
• Base Plate
• Angle Cleats
• Shelf Angle
Types of Main Member
 Typical
Hot-rolled
sections
Universal Beam
Castellated beam
Lattices
 Cold rolled steel sections
• A lightweight alternative to the relatively heavy.
• Generally only a few millimeters in thickness,
saving on material and handling costs and
building dead load.
• Wide variety of section profiles
• Dimensions vary considerably and many non-
standard profiles are made for particular
situations.
Typical cold-
rolled steel
sections
cold-rolled sections
Calculation of Main Members - M
DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY
The following in 4 nos. fabricated stanchion size 250mm x 150mm x
18kg/m comprising of fittings, all fixed together with and including all
necessary connections

Stanchion
Length
3500
4
3.50 250mm x 150mm x 18kg/m stanchion
14.00 14.00m x 18kg/m = 252kg Tonne 0.25
Types of Accessories
Calculation of Accessories – M2
DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY
The following in 4 nos. fabricated stanchion size 250mm x 150mm x
18kg/m comprising of fittings, all fixed together with and including all
necessary connections

Angle Cleat
Length
100
Width
4 400
0.40
0.10 200mm x 200mm x 100mm x 16mm thk. Angle Cleat
0.16 0.16m2 x 122.90kg/m2 = 19.66kg Tonne 0.02

*7.85 x 16mm (thickness) = 125.60kg/m2

CONNECTION &
JOINTING
 Connection

• Connectionbetween members of normal steel

frame are made by means of bolts, rivet and
weld.
• The connection can be classified as either shop
connection or site connection.
 Bolt connection
• Black bolts
• Bright bolts
• High-strength friction bolts
• General
Bolted connection
 Types of Bolt
Black Bolt

• Cheapest form of bolt available.

• The thread being machined onto the shank.
• Allowable shear stresses are low and should be used only
for end connections of secondary beams or,
• In conjunction of with a seating cleat.
• Diameter range from 5 - 68mm
 Types of Bolt

Bright Bolt

• Greater dimensional accuracy.

• Also called as turned and fitted bolts.
• Stresses allowed are similar to those permitted for rivets.
 Types of Bolt

High–strength friction bolts

• Manufactured from high-tensile steels.

• Used in conjunction with high-tensile steel nuts and
tempered washers.
• 12 – 36 mm diameter with length ranging from 40 -500
mm.
 Types of Bolt

General

• Drilled in a position known as the back mark of the

section.
Calculation of Bolt Connection – No.
DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY

Bolt
4 25mm diameter mild steel holding down bolts as anchorage
2 400mm long with heads, nuts and washers
2
16 16 nos. x 0.63kg = 10.08 kg tonne 0.01
 Rivet connection
• Made of mild steel.
• Variety of head shapes ranging from an almost
semicircular or snap head to a countersunk head.
• Small diameter rivets can be cold driven
• But the usual practice is to drive rivets while they are
hot.
Rivet connection
Calculation of Rivet Connection – No.
DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY

16 Dome Head Rivet

2
6
192 15mm diameter x 3.84kg/100 nos. dome head rivet kg 7

21 Dome Head Rivet

2
4
168 20mm diameter x 5.12kg/100 nos. dome head rivet kg 9

21 Dome Head Rivet

2
7
294 120mm diameter x 30.70kg/100 nos. dome head rivet tonne 0.09
 Welded connection
 It primarily considered as a shop connection since the
cost together with the need for inspection, which can
difficult on site.
 Savings in the weight of steel
 Allowances should be made in the design of the frame
for the effects of rigid connection.
 The economic factors due to:
 elimination of bolt holes
 simpler connection without bolt heads & angle cleats
 the possibility of developing fully rigid end
connections leading to the use of lighter members
 cleaner and neater joints – less maintenance cost
 Welded connection
Direct connection – without the use of
cleats and plates
Indirect connection – use cleats and plates
Types of weld
EXAMPLE OF
STRUCTURAL
STEEL
CONNECTIONS
Structural steel connections –
base connections
Structural steel connections –
base connections
 Cross section –
base connections
 Structural steel connections –
Beam-to-column connections
 Structural steel connections –
Beam-to-column connections
 Structural steel connections –
Beam-to-column connections
 Structural
steel
connections
– column
splices
 Structural
steel
connections
– column
splices
 Structural steel connections –
Beam-to-Beam connections
STEEL
STRUCTURE
PAINTING
 Painting
Off site Measurement = Tonnes (total sum of
galvanizing tonnes of steel members and accessories

Pre- Off site

painting Measurement = Square Metres
Painting irrespective of girth

Site painting
(before
erection)

Final Site Painting

(after
Painting erection)
TAKING OFF LIST
ITEM DESCRIPTION UNIT
Fabrication
Stanchion
1 300mm x 175mm x 29.60 kg/m Column Tonne
2 300mm x 175mm x 9mm thick x 68.04 kg/m2 top plate Tonne
3 500mm x 500mm x 9mm thick 68.04 kg/m2 bottom plate Tonne
4 150mm x 75mm x 500mm x 9mm thk x 68.04 kg/m2 Angle Cleat Tonne
5 87mm x 87mm x 150mm x 9mm thk x 68.04 kg/m2 Angle Cleat Tonne
6 15mm dia. x 3.83kg/100nos.Dome Head Rivets Tonne
7 Painting M2

Primary Girder
8 450mm x 180mm x 76 kg/m Universal Beam Tonne
9 240mm x 12000mm x 10mm thick x x 75.80kg/m2 Plate Tonne
10 25mm dia. x 6.40kg/100nos.Countersunk Rivets Head Tonne
11 Painting M2

Secondary Girder
12 215mm x 100mm x 25.33 kg/m Universal Beam Tonne
13 152mm x 89mm x 152mm x 16mm thk. x 125.60kg/m2 Angle Cleat Tonne
14 95mm x 95mm x 100mm x 16mm thk x 125.60kg/m2 Shelf Angle Tonne
15 15mm dia. x 3.83kg/100nos.Dome Head Rivets Tonne
16 Painting M2
TAKING OFF LIST
ITEM DESCRIPTION UNIT
Erection
17 300mm x 175mm x 29.60 kg/m Column Item
18 200mm x 200mm x 12mm thick x 68.04 kg/m2 Washer Plate Tonne
19 25mm dia. x 5.00kg/100nos mild steel Holding Down Bolts Tonne
20 450mm x 180mm x 76 kg/m Universal Beam Item
21 25mm dia. x 4.50kg/100nos. mild steel Bolt Tonne
22 215mm x 100mm x 25.33 kg/m Universal Beam Item
23 15mm dia. x 3.83kg/100nos.Dome Head Rivets Tonne
24 Painting M2
Heading: Element: Page No.:
The following in fabrication for 21 nos. stanchion size Steel Structure
250mm x 150mm x 18kg/m comprising of fittings, all fixed
together with and including all necessary connections

Description: Unit: Qty:

300mm x 175mm x 29.60Kg/m Universal Column Tonne 2

21
3.90
81.90 x 29.60kg/m = 2,424.24kg
Heading: Element: Page No.:
The following in fabrication for 21 nos. stanchion size Steel Structure
250mm x 150mm x 18kg/m comprising of fittings, all fixed
together with and including all necessary connections

Description: Unit: Qty:

300 x 175 x 9mm thk x 68.22kg/m2 Top plate at Universal Column Tonne 0.10

16
0.30
0.18
0.86 x 68.22kg/m2 = 58.67kg
Heading: Element: Page No.:
The following in fabrication for 21 nos. stanchion size Steel Structure
250mm x 150mm x 18kg/m comprising of fittings, all fixed
together with and including all necessary connections

Description: Unit Qty

15mm diameter x 3.84kg/100 nos. Dome Head Rivet
Kg 7

16
2
6
192 x 0.0384 kg/no= 7 kg
Heading: Element: Page No.:
The following in fabrication for 21 nos. stanchion size Steel Structure
250mm x 150mm x 18kg/m comprising of fittings, all fixed
together with and including all necessary connections

Description: Unit: Qty:

Prepare and apply two coats of lead oxide primer on general surfaces m2 106
of structural surfaces of structural steel work

21
3.90
1.30
106.47
Heading: Element: Page No.:
The following in erection for 21 nos. stanchion size 250mm Steel Structure
x 150mm x 18kg/m comprising of fittings, all fixed together
with and including all necessary connections

Description: Unit: Qty

Erected fabricated Column with combined weight of 2.96 tonnes Item

item
item
Heading: Element: Page No.:
The following in erection for 21 nos. stanchion size 250mm Steel Structure
x 150mm x 18kg/m comprising of fittings, all fixed together
with and including all necessary connections

Description: Unit: Qty

200mm x 200mm x 12mm thick x 68.04 kg/m2 Washer Plate tonne 0.04

16
0.20
0.20
0.64 x 68.04kg/m2 = 43.55kg
Heading: Element: Page No.:
Painting in erection Steel Structure

Description: Unit: Qty:

Prepare and apply two coats of red oxide primer and coat of oil paint m2 106
on general surfaces of structural surfaces of structural steel work

21
3.90
1.30
106.47
Sample
of BQ
Sample
of BQ
Thank You